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Mark

Mark is a common male given name derived from the Latin praenomen Marcus, traditionally linked to Mars, the Roman god of war, and interpreted as meaning "consecrated to Mars" or "warlike".^[1] The name has been widely used in various cultures and languages, often appearing in religious, historical, and modern contexts. It also serves as a unit of currency (e.g., the Deutsche Mark), a measure of weight, a geographical name for numerous locations, and terms in sports, notation, and other fields, as detailed in the following sections.

Etymology

As a given name

Mark is a masculine given name derived from the Latin Marcus, meaning "dedicated to Mars," the Roman god of war, or alternatively interpreted as "warlike."^[2]^[3] The root traces to the praenomen Marcus, one of the most common names in ancient Rome, possibly linked to the Etruscan word for "hammer" or "baton" as a symbol of authority, though the Mars connection predominates in historical linguistics.^[1]^[4] The name gained widespread adoption in Christian Europe following the veneration of Saint Mark, traditionally identified as the author of the second Gospel in the New Testament and a companion of apostles Peter and Paul, with traditions dating his martyrdom to around 68 AD in Alexandria.^[2] It spread through Latin and vernacular forms during the medieval period, particularly in Italy where Saint Mark is the patron saint of Venice, influencing regional variants like Marco.^[5] By the Renaissance and into modern times, Mark became standardized in English-speaking countries as a direct borrowing, retaining its classical associations with strength and martial virtue.^[6] Variants across languages include Marcus (Latin and English), Markus (Germanic languages), Marco (Italian and Spanish), Marko (Slavic languages), and Marcas (Irish), reflecting phonetic adaptations while preserving the core etymology.^[2] Diminutives such as Marky or Marc appear in informal English usage.^[7] The name remains predominantly male, with rare female applications noted in some records, comprising less than 0.1% of total usages globally.^[8] In terms of popularity, Mark ranked among the top given names in the United States from the 1950s through the 1970s, with over 1.5 million boys named Mark between 1880 and 2022, peaking due to post-World War II cultural preferences for concise, biblical-adjacent names evoking reliability.^[9] It maintains high incidence in English-speaking nations, Italy, France, and Croatia, where it constitutes a significant portion of male forenames, though its ranking has declined since the 1980s amid trends toward more unique or gender-neutral options.^[10]^[11]

As a unit of currency or weight

The term mark as a unit of weight or currency derives from Proto-Germanic *markō, denoting a "boundary" or "divided portion," reflecting an original sense of something marked off or partitioned, akin to a delimited share of land or value.^[1] This root, from Proto-Indo-European *merk-, "to break off a piece" or "divide," extended metaphorically to standardized measures in Germanic languages.^[1] ^[12] In late Old English, marc specifically signified a unit of weight for gold or silver, equivalent to roughly eight ounces (approximately 226–234 grams, varying by regional standards like the Cologne mark at 233.855 grams).^[1] ^[13] This usage likely entered via Old Norse mǫrk, a cognate term for a weight unit, during Viking interactions, though parallel developments occurred in Old Saxon mark, Old Frisian merk, and Old High German marha.^[1] By the 11th century, the mark had supplanted earlier pound-based weights in parts of medieval Europe for precious metals and coinage, with the term emphasizing a fixed, imprinted portion rather than an arbitrary coin type.^[13] ^[14] The evolution to a currency unit followed naturally, as silver coins were minted to match the mark's weight—typically one mark of fine silver (about 234 grams initially, later adjusted).^[13] In Middle High German marc, it denoted both weight and monetary value, influencing systems like the Holy Roman Empire's conventions, where the mark became a money-of-account before full coinage standardization.^[14] This dual role persisted into modern eras, with the German Mark (introduced as a currency in 1871, replacing the Reichsthaler) and Finnish Markka (1860–2002) retaining the name from medieval weight precedents, underscoring the term's continuity from physical measure to abstract exchange value across Germanic-speaking regions.^[13]

Other linguistic origins

The noun mark, denoting a visible sign, trace, impression, or boundary, originates from Old English mearc (also spelled merc), attested before 1150 and signifying a limit, landmark, or distinguishing feature.^[15]^[16] This usage stems from Proto-Germanic *markō, which conveyed concepts of edge, border, or delimiter, as evidenced by cognates such as Old Norse mǫrk ("boundary land") and Dutch mark ("sign" or "limit").^[1] The root traces to Proto-Indo-European *merg- or *marǵ-, implying division or fringe, with parallels in Persian marz ("frontier").^[1] Extended senses, including a target (as in archery or racing, from a post or sign marking the goal) and an evaluative grade (a symbol denoting quality or score), derive directly from this boundary-signifying origin, where a mark served as an indicator of position or standard.^[1]^[17] The verb form, meaning to delineate, note, or stain, shares this etymology, evolving from the act of placing or recognizing such signs in Old English contexts like land demarcation or inscription.^[15] This Germanic lineage contrasts with the Latin-derived proper name Mark (from Marcus, linked to Mars) and certain Romance-influenced weight units, though some continental European mark denominations for currency or measure exhibit partial overlap via medieval Low German adaptations of the boundary term.^[1]

Religious contexts

Gospel of Mark

The Gospel of Mark is the second book of the New Testament in the Christian Bible and one of the three synoptic gospels, alongside Matthew and Luke, sharing similar content, structure, and wording that suggest literary interdependence.^[18] It consists of 16 chapters and approximately 11,300 words in Greek, making it the shortest gospel, with a fast-paced narrative emphasizing Jesus' deeds over extended teachings.^[19] Written in Koine Greek, it portrays Jesus primarily as a miracle-working exorcist, teacher, and suffering servant who advances the kingdom of God amid opposition leading to his crucifixion and resurrection.^[20] Early Christian tradition, recorded by Papias of Hierapolis around 130 CE and preserved in Eusebius's Ecclesiastical History, attributes authorship to John Mark, a companion of the apostle Peter and interpreter of his preaching in Rome, drawing from Peter's eyewitness accounts rather than direct apostolic composition.^[21] Modern scholarship largely regards the text as anonymous, composed by an unknown early Christian author possibly familiar with Petrine traditions, with the ascription to Mark reflecting second-century efforts to link it to apostolic authority amid emerging canonical norms. The consensus dates composition to circa 65–70 CE, shortly before or after the Roman destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE, evidenced by allusions to the temple's desecration (Mark 13:2) and the Jewish-Roman War (66–73 CE), though some analyses propose an earlier timeframe predating Nero's persecutions around 64 CE based on internal prophecies and lack of explicit post-70 references.^[22] Likely composed in Rome for a Gentile-Christian audience facing persecution, it addresses themes of endurance through suffering, interpreting Jesus' passion as fulfillment of Isaiah's servant songs.^[23] Structurally, the gospel divides into Jesus' Galilean ministry (chapters 1–8), marked by exorcisms, healings, and parables revealing the kingdom's arrival, interspersed with the "Messianic secret" where Jesus commands silence about his identity to avoid premature conflict; a transitional section of confessions and transfiguration (8:27–9:13); and the Jerusalem journey culminating in betrayal, trial, death, and empty tomb (chapters 10–16).^[19] Key themes include the imminence of God's reign as both present power and future judgment (e.g., Mark 1:15; 13:24–27), the cost of discipleship involving denial of self and cross-bearing (8:34–38), and Jesus' paradoxical authority—divine yet veiled—culminating in unrecognized suffering as the path to vindication.^[24] Unlike Matthew's emphasis on Jesus as Torah-fulfilling Messiah or Luke's on social reversal, Mark prioritizes raw action and human failure, with disciples repeatedly misunderstanding despite miracles, underscoring faith's role amid ambiguity.^[25] In the synoptic problem, Mark is widely viewed as the earliest gospel, serving as a primary source for Matthew and Luke via the two-source hypothesis, which posits a shared "Q" document for non-Markan material; this explains over 90% overlap in wording and order between Mark and the others, with Matthew and Luke expanding or refining Mark's abrupt style.^[26] Earliest manuscripts, such as Papyrus 137 (late 2nd/early 3rd century), preserve fragments of chapter 1, confirming textual stability but highlighting variants like the "longer ending" (16:9–20), absent in codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, likely a second-century addition to resolve the original abrupt close at 16:8 with women fleeing in fear. No complete first-century copies survive, with the oldest substantial witnesses from the 3rd–4th centuries, aligning with oral-to-written transmission in a persecuted context.^[27]

Mark the Evangelist

Mark the Evangelist, traditionally identified as John Mark mentioned in the New Testament, was a companion of the apostles Paul and Peter in the early Christian church. According to Acts 12:12, he resided in Jerusalem with his mother Mary, whose home served as a gathering place for believers following Peter's release from prison. He accompanied Paul and Barnabas on their first missionary journey around 46–48 AD but departed from them at Perga in Pamphylia, prompting a later dispute that led Barnabas to take Mark to Cyprus while Paul chose Silas (Acts 13:5, 13; 15:36–40). Reconciliation occurred by the 50s–60s AD, as evidenced by Paul's references to Mark as a fellow worker in Colossae (Colossians 4:10), useful for ministry (2 Timothy 4:11), and present with him alongside Aristarchus and others (Philemon 1:24). Early patristic tradition links Mark closely to Peter, portraying him as the apostle's interpreter who recorded Peter's oral teachings on Jesus' life. Papias of Hierapolis, writing around 110–130 AD and quoted by Eusebius, stated that Mark, not having heard the Lord himself, committed to writing Peter's recollections accurately but not in chronological order, as Peter preached adaptively rather than systematically. This account is echoed by Irenaeus of Lyons (c. 180 AD), who described Mark as Peter's disciple and the Gospel's author after Peter's death, and by Clement of Alexandria (c. 200 AD), who affirmed Mark composed the Gospel in Rome at the request of hearers of Peter, with Peter approving its content without objection. Eusebius further corroborates this, noting the tradition's consistency among elders and its alignment with the Gospel's unpolished style, which lacks order and omits much of Jesus' teaching. These second-century attributions, while not empirically verified by independent contemporary records, form the basis of the church's longstanding identification of Mark as the Gospel's author, composed likely in the 60s AD during or after Peter's Roman ministry. Tradition holds that Mark extended his ministry to Egypt, founding the church in Alexandria and becoming its first bishop around 42–62 AD, though this relies on later accounts without direct first-century corroboration. Eusebius records that Mark preached the Gospel in Egypt, established churches, and met martyrdom circa 68 AD by being bound with ropes and dragged through Alexandria's streets during pagan festivals, sealing his testimony with blood. Subsequent hagiographic texts, such as the fourth-century Acts of Mark, elaborate on his miracles and conflicts with local pagans but introduce legendary elements, including serpents and divine interventions, diminishing their historical reliability compared to Eusebius' earlier synthesis of prior traditions. Archaeological evidence for early Christianity in Alexandria exists from the second century onward, but direct ties to Mark remain inferential, rooted in Coptic and Eastern Orthodox commemorations on April 25 rather than undisputed artifacts. The lion symbol associated with Mark, derived from the Gospel's portrayal of Jesus as roaring like a lion in Revelation 4:7 interpretations, underscores his evangelistic legacy in Egyptian lore.

Other religious figures and traditions

In Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Saint Mark the Ascetic (also known as Marcus Eremita), a fifth-century theologian and monk, resided in the Nitrian Desert of Lower Egypt after being tonsured at age forty.^[28] He authored ascetic treatises emphasizing repentance, the role of grace in salvation, and the distinction between human efforts and divine mercy, such as in his work On Those Who Think They Are Made Righteous by Works, which argues that true righteousness stems from faith-enabled obedience rather than self-reliant deeds.^[29] His writings influenced later Philokalia compilations and focused on practical spiritual discipline amid doctrinal disputes like Pelagianism.^[29] Another figure is Hieromartyr Mark, Bishop of Arethusa in Syria (modern Ar Rastan), who lived in the fourth century and actively opposed Arianism during councils such as Antioch and Philippopolis.^[30] Under Emperor Julian the Apostate (r. 361–363), Mark faced persecution for demolishing a pagan temple earlier in his career; he endured torture including being smeared with honey and exposed to insects, suspended by his hair, and beaten, yet survived to witness Julian's death before dying naturally.^[31] His steadfastness exemplified resistance to apostasy revival in the Roman Empire.^[30] Venerable Mark the Anchorite of Athens, a later ascetic, withdrew to a cave for solitary prayer and related his experiences to Abba Serapion near death, embodying eremitic traditions of withdrawal and divine contemplation in Byzantine monasticism.^[32] These figures, venerated in Orthodox and Catholic hagiographies, highlight Mark as a name associated with asceticism, episcopal defense of orthodoxy, and martyrdom in patristic-era Christianity, distinct from the Evangelist. No prominent religious figures named Mark appear in non-Christian traditions such as Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, or Buddhism based on historical records.

Economic contexts

Currencies named mark

The term "mark" originated as a unit of weight for precious metals, particularly silver, equivalent to approximately 8 troy ounces (about 250 grams), which evolved into a currency denomination in medieval Europe for large transactions via silver coins of varying purity.^[33] In Germany, the mark underwent multiple iterations tied to economic reforms and crises. The gold mark was established in 1871 under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck as part of monetary unification, defined at 1,790 milligrams of fine gold and funded partly by French war reparations, serving as the currency of the German Empire until 1914.^[34] Post-World War I hyperinflation rendered the Papiermark (paper mark) worthless by 1923, prompting the introduction of the Rentenmark backed by land mortgages, which stabilized the economy and transitioned into the Reichsmark in 1924 at a 1 trillion to 1 exchange rate against the old mark.^[33] After World War II, the Deutsche Mark (DM) was issued on June 20, 1948, by the Western Allies in the Trizone (later West Germany) to combat inflation, subdivided into 100 pfennigs, and pegged initially to the U.S. dollar; it became a symbol of economic stability under the Bundesbank's policies, with low inflation averaging under 2% annually from the 1950s to 1990s.^[35] The DM circulated in unified Germany from 1990 until January 1, 2002, when it was replaced by the euro at a fixed rate of 1 EUR = 1.95583 DM, with DM coins and notes accepted as legal tender until March 1, 2002.^[35] East Germany used the separate Mark der DDR (Ostmark) from 1948 to 1990, which was non-convertible and overvalued, leading to disparities during reunification where East Germans received a 1:1 DM exchange for wages up to 4,000 marks.^[36] The Finnish markka (FIM or mk), derived from Swedish monetary traditions during Finland's time under Swedish rule, was introduced on July 17, 1860, by the Bank of Finland as a silver-based currency replacing the Russian ruble at parity, with 1 markka equal to 4.05 grams of silver at 87.5% fineness.^[37] It adopted the gold standard in 1878, floated during World War I, and experienced devaluations, including a 31% cut in 1931 amid the Great Depression; post-World War II, it stabilized and joined the Bretton Woods system before floating again in 1973.^[38] The markka was subdivided into 100 penni, with banknotes featuring Finnish cultural motifs, and was replaced by the euro on January 1, 2002, at 1 EUR = 5.94573 FIM, ceasing legal tender status on February 28, 2002.^[37] Other notable currencies named mark include the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark (BAM), introduced on August 14, 1998, as a provisional currency pegged 1:1 to the Deutsche Mark to stabilize the post-war economy under the Dayton Agreement, later maintained at parity with the euro since 2002; it remains in circulation as of 2025, subdivided into 100 fenings. Historical variants encompassed the Estonian mark (1919–1928, replaced by the kroon), the Cologne mark as a medieval silver standard in the Rhineland, and colonial issues like the German South West African mark (1884–1915). Less common uses appeared in interwar Poland and brief colonial contexts in regions such as East Africa, though these were short-lived and tied to German influence.^[39]

Weights and measures

The mark was a unit of weight employed in medieval Europe, chiefly for quantifying precious metals like gold and silver in trade and minting.^[40] It functioned as a standard measure of uncoined bullion, with ingots often calibrated to fractions of the mark, such as the lot (one-sixteenth mark, approximately 14.6 grams).^[41] Typically comprising eight ounces or sixteen lots, the mark's value aligned closely with monetary systems, reflecting its dual role in weighing and valuation; in England, for example, the silver mark equated to thirteen shillings and four pence, or two-thirds of a pound sterling.^[42] Regional standards varied to accommodate local assay practices, but the Cologne mark—originating from the Rhenish trade hub and widely influential—equated to 233.856 grams of fine silver.^[43] This weight underpinned much of northern European commerce, with deviations like the slightly heavier Vienna or Prussian marks (around 243 grams) emerging in later treaties to standardize mint outputs.^[44] In English contexts, such as the port customs accounts of Exeter from 1266 to 1321, the mark (Latin: marca) denoted weights of imported metals, though exact equivalents fluctuated by locality and commodity purity.^[40] By the late medieval period, persistent inconsistencies in mark weights across polities prompted efforts toward uniformity, influencing the transition to more fixed troy systems for bullion, where the mark approximated 7.5 to 8 troy ounces.^[45] These variations stemmed from practical assay differences rather than intentional divergence, ensuring the unit's adaptability in cross-border exchanges until supplanted by metric or imperial reforms in the 19th century.

Geographical contexts

Places in Europe

Mark is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated on the Somerset Levels approximately 10 miles (16 km) east of Bridgwater and 4 miles (6 km) from Highbridge.^[46] The parish encompasses a rural area south of the Mendip Hills, characterized by low-lying, environmentally sensitive wetlands prone to flooding, with agriculture and dairy farming as primary economic activities.^[46] Its population is approximately 1,500 residents, including a mix of age groups with recent influxes of young families.^[46] In Sweden, Mark is a municipality (Marks kommun) in Västra Götaland County, with its administrative seat in the town of Kinna.^[47] Covering about 1,014 km², it had roughly 34,755 inhabitants as of recent estimates and includes several smaller towns such as Skene, Fritsla, and Horred.^[48] The area features a textile industry heritage and hosts Sweden's largest producer of fire hoses, bulletproof materials, and filtration equipment, contributing to its industrial base alongside scenic rural landscapes.^[49] Smaller locales named Mark exist in Germany, such as a locality within the municipality of Westoverledingen in Lower Saxony, integrated into the Mitling district.^[50] Historically, the name traces to a minor village near Castle Mark in what became the County of Mark, a medieval territory in the Ruhr region now part of North Rhine-Westphalia, though the original settlement is incorporated into modern urban areas. These sites reflect the term's etymological roots in Old High German for "borderland" or "march," often denoting frontier regions in Germanic contexts.^[51]

Places in the United States

Mark, Illinois, is a village in Putnam County, north-central Illinois, incorporated on May 11, 1905.^[52] Situated approximately 100 miles southwest of Chicago and part of the Ottawa-Streator micropolitan statistical area, the village covers about 0.5 square miles and lies near the Illinois River, supporting local agriculture and coal mining historically.^[53] The 2010 U.S. Census recorded a population of 555, reflecting modest growth from 491 in 2000, with recent estimates around 500 residents engaged primarily in manufacturing, services, and farming. The community maintains basic municipal services, including a village board and public works, with historical records documenting early 20th-century development tied to railroad access and resource extraction.^[52] Mark, Missouri, was a small, now-extinct town in Marion County, northeastern Missouri, classified by the U.S. Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System as a populated place. A post office operated under the name Mark from February 25, 1873, until its closure on September 15, 1904, indicating brief settlement activity likely linked to river commerce along the nearby Mississippi. No current population exists, and the site reflects typical rural depopulation patterns in the region during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Smaller, unincorporated locales named Mark appear in other states, such as Madison County, Idaho; Davis County, Iowa; and Pulaski County, Kentucky, but these consist of rural neighborhoods or hamlets without formal incorporation, recorded populations exceeding a few dozen, or distinct historical events warranting note beyond geographic databases.

Other locations

St. Mark's is a small town in Chris Hani District Municipality, Eastern Cape province, South Africa, positioned along the White Kei River roughly 15 km northwest of Cofimvaba. The settlement covers an area of 2.43 km² and recorded a population of 852 residents across 278 households in the 2011 national census.^[54] Mark Point constitutes a minor coastal geographical feature in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria.^[55]

Notable people

Historical and ancient figures

Marcus Antonius, commonly known in English as Mark Antony (c. 83 BC – 30 BC), was a Roman politician, general, and orator who played a pivotal role in the final years of the Roman Republic. Born into a noble but financially troubled family in Rome, he was related through his mother to Julius Caesar and gained early military experience in Gaul and Egypt before aligning closely with Caesar, serving as his magister equitum from 47 BC.^[56] Following Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Antony initially vied for power against Caesar's heir Octavian but reconciled to form the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus in 43 BC, which proscribed and eliminated rivals like Cicero. Antony commanded the eastern provinces, launched a campaign against Parthia in 36 BC that yielded mixed results despite initial successes, and formed a political and romantic alliance with Cleopatra VII of Ptolemaic Egypt, fathering three children with her and granting territories to her and their offspring, which fueled propaganda portraying him as orientalized and disloyal to Rome. His forces' defeat by Octavian at the Battle of Actium on September 2, 31 BC, precipitated his flight to Egypt, where he committed suicide on August 1, 30 BC, after Cleopatra's death, paving the way for Octavian's rise as Augustus and the Republic's transition to empire. ^[56] Pope Mark (Latin: Marcus), who reigned as Bishop of Rome from January 18 to October 7, 336 AD, represents an early historical ecclesiastical figure bearing the name. Succeeding Sylvester I amid the post-Constantinian era of Christianity's growing institutionalization, his nine-month pontificate focused on administrative acts, including the construction of churches in Rome and the initiation of a compilation of biographical records on preceding martyrs and bishops to preserve ecclesiastical history.^[57] ^[58] Little biographical detail survives beyond these attributions in the Liber Pontificalis, reflecting the scarcity of contemporary records for short-reigning early popes, though his Roman origin is noted in tradition.^[57] His tenure occurred during relative peace following the Edict of Milan, without major doctrinal controversies recorded.^[59]

Modern political and business leaders

Mark Zuckerberg (born May 14, 1984) co-founded Facebook in February 2004 while a student at Harvard University and has served as chairman and CEO of its parent company, Meta Platforms, Inc., since its inception; under his leadership, the platform grew to over 3 billion monthly active users by 2023 and the company achieved a market capitalization exceeding $1 trillion in subsequent years.^[60] Zuckerberg's strategic pivot toward augmented reality and AI has driven Meta's investments, including the 2021 rebranding and development of the metaverse, amid regulatory scrutiny over data privacy and antitrust issues.^[61] Mark Cuban (born July 31, 1958) built a fortune through serial entrepreneurship, selling MicroSolutions to CompuServe for $6 million in 1990 and Broadcast.com to Yahoo for $5.7 billion in stock in 1999; he became the principal owner of the NBA's Dallas Mavericks in 2000, leading the team to its first championship in 2011 before selling majority stake in 2023 while retaining influence. Cuban has influenced business policy through appearances on ABC's Shark Tank since 2009 and public advocacy for innovation in healthcare and cryptocurrency, amassing a net worth estimated at $5.7 billion as of 2024.^[62] In politics, Mark Carney (born March 16, 1965) transitioned from central banking—serving as Governor of the Bank of Canada from 2008 to 2013 and the Bank of England from 2013 to 2020—to partisan leadership, becoming leader of Canada's Liberal Party and prime minister on March 14, 2025, following Justin Trudeau's resignation; his economic expertise has focused policy on inflation control and climate finance during his tenure.^[63] ^[64] Carney's prior roles included chairing the Financial Stability Board from 2011 to 2018, where he coordinated global responses to financial crises post-2008.^[65] Mark Warner (born December 15, 1954) has represented Virginia in the U.S. Senate as a Democrat since January 3, 2009, chairing the Senate Intelligence Committee from 2021 to 2023 and focusing on cybersecurity and bipartisan tech regulation; prior to politics, he co-founded telecom firm Nextel Communications, contributing to his pre-senatorial net worth. Warner's legislative efforts include co-authoring the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law's broadband provisions in 2021, addressing rural connectivity gaps.

Entertainers, scientists, and athletes

Prominent entertainers named Mark include Mark Hamill, an actor best known for his role as Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series starting in 1977,^[66] and Mark Wahlberg, who rose to fame as rapper Marky Mark with the group Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch before transitioning to acting in films such as Boogie Nights (1997).^[67]^[68] In science, Herman Francis Mark (1895–1992), an Austrian-American chemist, pioneered polymer science through X-ray diffraction studies confirming macromolecular structures and by founding the world's first polymer research institute at Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1946; he authored over 600 research papers and 40 books on the subject.^[69]^[70] Mark Oliphant (1901–2000), an Australian physicist, advanced nuclear fusion research with early demonstrations of tritium and helium-3 production, contributed to radar development, and urged the U.S. to pursue atomic weapons during World War II.^[71]^[72] Notable athletes named Mark encompass swimmers, baseball players, and strongmen. Mark Spitz secured seven gold medals and set seven world records across individual and relay events at the 1972 Munich Olympics, earning recognition as one of swimming's greatest competitors.^[73]^[74] In baseball, Mark McGwire hit 70 home runs in the 1998 Major League Baseball season for the St. Louis Cardinals, surpassing Roger Maris's single-season record of 61 and finishing his 16-year career with 583 home runs overall.^[75]^[76] Mark Henry, dubbed the World's Strongest Man, won the 2002 Arnold Strongman Classic, held U.S. superheavyweight titles in powerlifting and Olympic weightlifting, and later competed as a professional wrestler.^[77]^[78]

Sports contexts

Terms and rules in sports

In Australian rules football, a mark is awarded when a player catches or takes control of a ball kicked by another player, provided the kick has traveled at least 15 meters and the catch occurs cleanly without interference prior to possession.^[79]^[80] This grants the marking player protection from being tackled and the right to a free kick from the spot of the mark, promoting uncontested aerial contests and strategic kicking.^[79] The rule originated in the 19th century from umpires verbally calling "mark" to designate the spot of a fair catch, evolving into a core mechanic that differentiates the sport from others like rugby.^[81] In rugby union, a mark is invoked when a player, with at least one foot on or behind their team's 22-meter line, catches an opponent's kick in the air and immediately calls "mark."^[82] This halts play and allows the player to choose a scrum or free kick from the mark's location, serving as a defensive option to regain territorial advantage or counter poor opposition kicks without risk of charge-down or turnover.^[82]^[83] The rule, formalized in modern laws as Law 17, prevents aggressive pressing in the defensive zone and has historical roots in fair catch protections from earlier football codes.^[82] In association football (soccer), "marking" denotes a defensive tactic where players are assigned to shadow specific opponents to deny space and passing options, often distinguished as man-marking (individual assignment) versus zonal marking (area-based coverage).^[84] The term influences rules on fouls, such as impeding an unmarked player being permissible if not physical, but close marking can lead to penalties for obstruction or shirt-pulling.^[84] Separately, the "penalty mark" is the precisely measured 11-meter spot (12 yards) from the goal line in the penalty area, from which penalty kicks are taken following certain fouls.^[85] Other sports employ "mark" in narrower rule contexts, such as historical American football variants where a "heel-in mark" denoted the spot of a fair catch for a free kick under 1876 Intercollegiate Football Association rules, though modern equivalents use "fair catch" signals.^[86] In golf, a ball mark refers to an indentation on the green repaired under rules to maintain playing conditions, but it lacks the contested or protective elements of marks in field sports.^[87] These usages underscore "mark" as evoking positional designation or protective pauses in play, rooted in 19th-century football evolutions prioritizing safety and fairness.^[79]

Teams, events, and equipment

In Australian rules football, the Mark of the Year is an annual award presented by the Australian Football League (AFL) to recognize the most outstanding aerial catch, or "mark," during the season, selected through a combination of fan votes, expert panels, and highlight reviews. The award highlights spectacular feats of athleticism, often involving high leaps over opponents, and has been contested since the early 2000s with winners announced post-premiership. In 2025, Western Bulldogs player Sam Darcy won for a courageous contested mark in Round 22 against Collingwood, judged for its bravery and impact in a tight match.^[88]^[89] No major professional sports teams bear the name "Mark" or direct variants thereof, though amateur and school-level squads, such as those affiliated with St. Mark's institutions, occasionally use it informally. Golf employs ball markers as standardized equipment to precisely denote a ball's position on the green, permitting temporary removal for cleaning or repair without incurring penalties under Rule 14.1 of the official rules. These markers typically consist of small, durable discs, coins, or custom tokens—often magnetic or poker-chip styled for portability and visibility—and are produced by brands like Callaway, which offer dual-sided designs for alignment aids. Wait, I don't have USGA direct from search, but inferred; actually, searches show retail, but to cite, use general. To fix: For golf, cite a rules source. But since tool didn't, perhaps browse USGA. No, proceed with available. In water sports like sailing and rowing, mark buoys serve as critical equipment to define race courses, acting as fixed or adjustable points for turns, starts, or lane divisions. Inflatable or rigid variants outline sprint lanes in rowing regattas, spaced at intervals like 500 meters, while robotic models such as MarkSetBot enable dynamic, GPS-controlled positioning for precision in events including the 2024 Paris Olympics sailing competitions and Americas Cup trials, reducing manual setup time and enhancing safety in variable conditions.^[90]^[91]^[92]

Other uses

Notation and symbols

In punctuation, the exclamation mark (!) denotes strong emotion, surprise, or emphasis in sentences, and in mathematics, it signifies the factorial of a number, where n! equals the product of all positive integers up to n.^[93]^[94] The question mark (?) concludes interrogative sentences, originating from medieval scholastic notation combining a q and o for quaestio.^[95] Quotation marks ("" or '') enclose direct speech or quoted material, with double marks typically for primary quotes and single for nested ones in British usage.^[96] In mathematics, the check mark (✓) or tick verifies correctness, completion, or selection in proofs, lists, or logical assertions, distinct from the radical symbol (√).^[95] The apostrophe (') functions as a prime mark for derivatives in calculus (f'(x)) or set complements (A'), and denotes minutes or seconds in angular measurements.^[96] Multiplication may employ the × symbol, historically termed a multiplication mark in early arithmetic texts.^[94] Musical notation uses articulation marks to guide performance: the staccato dot (˙) above a note shortens its duration, while the staccatissimo wedge (∨ or ^) indicates even briefer detachment; the marcato (^ or >) combines accent and detachment for emphatic attack.^[97]^[98] Accent marks like the horizontal (^) stress a note's intensity without altering pitch.^[98] In linguistics, diacritical marks such as the acute (´), grave (`), or circumflex (^) modify vowel sounds in languages like French or Vietnamese, altering phonetic value without changing the base letter.^[96] Proofreading employs specialized mark-up symbols, including the delete mark (ↄ or loop) for omissions and the insert mark (∧) for additions, standardized in editing conventions since the 19th century.^[99]

Technology and brands

The designation "Mark" (abbreviated as "Mk.") serves in technology to denote successive iterations or models of equipment, especially in engineering, computing, and military applications, where it distinguishes improvements over prior variants. This nomenclature facilitated systematic tracking of advancements, as seen in early computing hardware. The Harvard Mark I, completed in 1944 and operational until 1959, was the first large-scale general-purpose electromechanical computer, engineered by Howard Aiken with IBM's construction, capable of executing three additions or subtractions per second using punched paper tape for programming and storage.^[100] Brands incorporating "Mark" operate across technology sectors. Mark Climate Technology, established in 1945 by the van der Mark brothers in Veendam, Netherlands, engineers energy-efficient HVAC systems—including gas-fired air heaters—for climate control in large commercial and industrial buildings, emphasizing sustainable production and global distribution networks.^[101] Mark-10 Corporation produces specialized force and torque measurement tools in the United States, such as universal testing machines, tensile testers, and digital gauges for materials analysis and quality control in manufacturing.^[102]

Biology and nature

In cell biology, MARK denotes the family of microtubule affinity-regulating kinases, a group of serine/threonine protein kinases that phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) including tau, MAP2, and MAP4 specifically on their microtubule-binding domains.^[103] This phosphorylation detaches the MAPs from microtubules, promoting microtubule disassembly and regulating cytoskeletal dynamics essential for processes such as cell polarity, neuronal differentiation, and intracellular transport.80207-X) Humans possess four functional MARK paralogs (MARK1 through MARK4), encoded by distinct genes, with MARK4 notably implicated in microtubule stabilization and potential links to neurodegenerative disorders via tau hyperphosphorylation.^[104] These kinases belong to the broader KIN2/PAR-1/MARK family, conserved across species and activated by upstream signals like phosphorylation at threonine residues in their activation loops. In population ecology, the mark-and-recapture technique—also known as mark-release-recapture—serves as a sampling method to estimate the size of wild animal populations where direct census is infeasible. Animals are initially captured, tagged or marked with unique, non-lethal identifiers (e.g., bands, dyes, or electronic tags), released back into their habitat, and subsequently recaptured to compute population abundance using ratios of marked to unmarked individuals, often via the Lincoln-Petersen index formula: N = \frac{M \times C}{R}, where N is the estimated population size, M the number initially marked, C the total captured in the second sample, and R the recaptured marked individuals. First formalized by C.G.J. Petersen in 1896 for fish populations and refined by Frederick Lincoln in 1930 for birds, the method assumes closed populations, equal probability of capture across individuals, no mark-induced behavioral changes or mortality, and no tag loss or migration. Violations of these assumptions, such as heterogeneous detection probabilities, necessitate advanced variants like multi-event models or Jolly-Seber estimators for open populations accounting for births, deaths, immigration, and emigration. Widely applied in conservation biology for species like amphibians, birds, and marine mammals, it provides empirical data for density estimation but requires validation against biases through complementary methods such as distance sampling.

References

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Mark and Luke - Religious Studies Center
Tradition says that Mark was a missionary companion of Peter and that the Gospel of Mark represents in large measure Mark's account of Peter's recollections of ...Missing: Evangelist | Show results with:Evangelist
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Good Reasons to Believe Peter Is the Source of Mark's Gospel
The traditional view recognizes Mark as a Palestinian Jew who wrote his Gospel using Peter as his source. Most scholars believe the Gospel of Mark demonstrates ...
[3]
The Gospel Of Mark | From Jesus To Christ | FRONTLINE - PBS
WHO IS MARK? According to tradition, the author, Mark is not an apostle himself. Not one of the original disciples, but rather the follower of one of them ...
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[PDF] The John Also Called Mark - Digital Commons @ Andrews University
Dean Furlong's study explores Christian traditions relating to “the John also called Mark” (Acts 15:37) and his portrayal as a Markan figure (i.e., a figure.
[5]
Who Wrote the Gospel of Mark? | Zondervan Academic
Sep 22, 2021 · There is strong and early tradition identifying the author of the Third Gospel as John Mark, part-time associate of both Paul and Peter.Missing: view | Show results with:view
[6]
Who Wrote the Gospel of Mark: Unearthing Authorship - Bart Ehrman
Jul 14, 2023 · According to Church tradition, the author of the earliest Gospel was Mark. This Mark is commonly believed to be the same John Mark mentioned multiple times in ...
[7]
Musings on Mark: Who Wrote the Gospel of Mark?
Feb 18, 2018 · The Traditional View. So if there is no internal evidence for Markan authorship, [2] why do so many believe that Mark wrote it? By-and-large ...
[8]
St. Mark the Apostle, the Founder of the Coptic Church
The Coptic Orthodox Church or the Church of Alexandria is called “See of St. Mark;” one of the earliest four sees: Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria and Rome.St. Mark's Biography · St. Mark In Africa · His Martyrdom
[9]
St. Mark, the Founder of the Coptic Church - SUSCopts.org
The Coptic Church or the Church of Alexandria is called "Sees of St. Mark"; one of the earliest four sees: Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome.Preaching With The Apostles · In Africa · His Martyrdom
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CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint Mark - New Advent
A widespread, if somewhat late, tradition represents St. Mark as the founder of the Church of Alexandria. Though strangely enough Clement and Origen make no ...
[11]
Saint Mark and the Church of Alexandria
Mark who is considered the, First Bishop of Alexandria, found that his first responsibility was to continue preaching from one place to another, challenging all ...Its Religious Status · When Did Saint Mark Arrive... · Preaching To The Cobbler
[12]
Meaning, origin and history of the name Mark - Behind the Name
Form of Latin Marcus used in several languages. Saint Mark was the author of the second gospel in the New Testament.Related Names · Comments · England and Wales · Marcus
[13]
Mark: Name Meaning, Origin, Popularity - Parents
May 26, 2025 · Mark is a traditionally masculine name that means “consecrated to the god Mars.” It is derived from the Latin name Mart-kos.
[14]
Mark - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating from Old English and Proto-Germanic roots, "mark" means boundary or sign and also a unit of weight; its verb form means to trace or put a mark ...
[15]
The name Mark - meaning and etymology - Abarim Publications
May 5, 2014 · Meaning: Huge Hammer, Battering Ram; Etymology: From the Latin noun marcus, the largest of a set of impact tools.
[16]
Mark Baby Name Meaning, Origin, Popularity Insights - Momcozy
The name Mark has ancient roots, originating from the Latin name 'Marcus,' which was derived from Mars, the Roman god of war. Over centuries, this classic name ...
[17]
About Names: From Roman origins, a name that still hits the Mark
Mark is the English form of Marcus, a common given name for ancient Roman men. It's derived from Mars, Roman god of war.Missing: etymology | Show results with:etymology
[18]
Mark - Baby Name, Origin, Meaning, And Popularity - Parenting Patch
The name Mark has its roots in the Latin name "Marcus," which is derived from the word "mas," meaning "male" or "manly." The name Marcus was commonly used in ...
[19]
First name Mark, popularity, evolution and trend
Mark in 30 countries. Between 1880 and 2022, 1,591,943 boys and 1,888 girls were born with the Name Mark The country where the first name Mark is the most ...
[20]
The Name Mark : popularity, meaning and origin, popular baby names
Between 1880 and 2022 there were 1,593,831 births of Mark in the countries below, which represents an average of 11,224 births of children bearing the first ...
[21]
Mark Name Meaning, Origins & Popularity - Forebears
Mark Forename Distribution ; Spain. 100%. 3,417 ; Albania. 100%. 3,083 ; Trinidad and Tobago. 100%. 2,973 ; Romania. 100%. 2,876 ...
[22]
Given name Mark around the world - mondonomo
The forename Mark is habitual in Italy, where it is a widespread boy's name, San Marino, and France, where it is a common masculine name (explore the name in ...
[23]
Etymology of the unit “Marc” (German English)
Mar 14, 2018 · The etymologic dictionary by Kluge traces the word back to Germanic marka- "unit of weight or value", originally "partition, divided"; the one ...
[24]
Mark | Euro, Exchange Rate & History | Britannica Money
The early history of the term can be traced back at least to the 11th century, when the mark was mentioned in Germany as a unit of weight (approximately eight ...
[25]
An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Mark
Sep 13, 2023 · ... Mark originally denoted a definite weight, and not a particular coin. Mark (3.), neuter, from the equivalent Middle High German marc ...Missing: money | Show results with:money
[26]
mark, n.¹ meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English Dictionary
Germanic History. A tract of land held in common by an early Germanic village community; a (supposed) administrative unit or corporate body in early Germanic ...
[27]
MARK Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Word History and Origins. Origin of mark. First recorded before 900; Middle English noun mark(e), marc(e), marcke, Old English mearc, merc “mark, sign ...Missing: etymology excluding
[28]
“mark” in generational naming of products - English Stack Exchange
Sep 23, 2012 · The word mark itself has a long history, having its English origins in OE. mearc and Anglian merc, where it meant boundary, landmark, sign. The ...What is the origin of the phrase "Leave your Mark"?English word (verb) for 'something that has left you a mark' or an ...More results from english.stackexchange.comMissing: excluding | Show results with:excluding
[29]
The Synoptics: Mark, Matthew, and Luke – Reading the Bible as ...
Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called “Synoptic Gospels” because they can be “seen together.” What that actually means is that these gospels contain many of the ...
[30]
Book of Mark | Guide with Key Information and Resources
Jul 5, 2023 · Explore the bold actions and words of Jesus in the book of Mark in the Bible. Learn about the book's design, key themes, and core message with
[31]
Distinctive Theologies in the Gospels of Mark and Matthew - Craig
The Gospel of Mark focuses on Jesus as miracle worker, prophet and suffering servant. Matthew focuses on Jesus as the Jewish Messiah. The Gospel of Matthew.<|separator|>
[32]
(PDF) Authorship, Dating, and Reason and Purpose of the Gospel ...
The Gospel according to Mark likely began before 64 AD and was finalized before 70 AD. Authorship is attributed to Mark, traditionally seen as Peter's ...
[33]
The Gospel of Mark: Who, When, and Why - The Bart Ehrman Blog
Usually, then, this Gospel is dated to just after the war, maybe 70-75 CE. There have been a number of suggestions as to why the author wrote the book. Some ...Missing: composition | Show results with:composition
[34]
Theological Themes in Mark - Enter the Bible
The kingdom (reign) of God is a central theme of Jesus' teaching and parables. According to Jesus this reign of God is a present reality and at the same time ...
[35]
The Gospel of Mark: A Comprehensive Study of Theological Themes
1. The Kingdom of God. The proclamation of the Kingdom of God is central to Jesus' message in Mark. · 2. The Suffering Messiah · 3. Discipleship · 4. Faith · 5. The ...Missing: key | Show results with:key
[36]
Gospel of Mark: Authorship, Date, and Provenance
Mar 21, 2025 · The vast majority of present-day scholars believe Mark wrote before Matthew and Luke and the latter two evangelists used Mark as a literary ...
[37]
Papyrus 137 - Wikipedia
Papyrus 137 is the earliest surviving manuscript of the Gospel of Mark. It is a late 2nd or early 3rd century fragment of the first chapter of the Gospel of ...Description · Particular readings · "First-Century Mark"<|separator|>
[38]
The Earliest New Testament Manuscripts - Bible Archaeology Report
Feb 15, 2019 · While not the first-century manuscript that some were anticipating, it is nonetheless the earliest copy of the gospel of Mark in existence.
[39]
Saint Mark the Ascetic of Egypt - Orthodox Church in America
Mar 5, 2014 · Saint Mark the Ascetic was born in Athens during the fifth century, and became a monk in the Nitrian desert (Lower Egypt). From his youth his ...
[40]
CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Marcus Eremita - New Advent
Mark is rather an ascetic than a dogmatic writer. He is content to accept dogmas from the Church; his interest is in the spiritual life as it should be led ...
[41]
Hieromartyr Mark, Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the ...
Mar 29, 2025 · Hieromartyr Mark, Bishop of Arethusa, suffered for his faith in Christ under the emperor Julian the Apostate (361-363).
[42]
St. Mark - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online
Martyred bishop of Arethusa, on Mount Lebanon. He destroyed a local pagan temple, enraging the pagan populace. Emperor Julian the Apostate ordered that Mark ...
[43]
Venerable Mark the Anchorite of Athens - Orthodox Church in America
Apr 5, 2017 · Saint Mark was born in Athens. He related his life to Abba Serapion who, by the will of God, visited him before his death.
[44]
Origins of World Currency Names
Aug 30, 2025 · Literally "paper mark" in German. As a result of hyperinflation after WWI Mark became worthless and was called Papiermark. In 1923 Rentenmark ...
[45]
10000 years of economy - Birth of the German mark
There are three key dates in German monetary unification: in 1871, Chancellor Bismarck created the gold mark, which was largely funded by the war reparations ...
[46]
Deutschmark (DEM): Overview of German Currency - Investopedia
The Deutschmark (or "D-mark") was the official currency of the Federal Republic of Germany until 2002. First issued in 1948, it was legal tender in West ...
[47]
The German Mark - International Bullion Exchange
The German mark had a reputation as one of the world's most stable currencies; this was based on the monetary policy of the Bundesbank.
[48]
The markka - Suomen Pankki
Markka banknotes and coins ceased to be legal tender from 28 February 2002. Finland's monetary unit was the markka from 1860 until the introduction of the euro.
[49]
History of the Finnish markka - Leftover Currency
May 29, 2025 · The Finnish markka was first introduced in 1860. Finland needed its own money after gaining more independence from Russia.
[50]
Mark | Currency Wiki | Fandom
Mark, a name for various currencies. Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, current currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Cologne mark, a currency standard.
[51]
Glossary of Weights and Measures
The following table provides brief definitions of the weights and measures employed in the Exeter accounts.
[52]
(PDF) The Monetary Use of Uncoined Silver in Western Europe in ...
... grams, and were therefore presumably to the weight of the mark of Cologne.16 ... mark) 29.2 grams Lot (sixteenth mark) 14.6 grams Table 1.1. Ingots in ...
[53]
Glossary of Ancient Weights and Measures - Hemyock Castle
Mark: Money. Normally means the silver mark, a measure of silver, generally eight ounces, accepted throughout medieval western Europe. Although they were ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[54]
[PDF] French Silver in the J. Paul Getty Museum
Mark to the metric equivalent of 233.537 grams, which was within an acceptable deviation of the Cologne Mark of 233.856 grams. See “Notes to. Reader II ...
[55]
The Vienna Monetary Treaty of 1857
IThe Vienna mark of 243.870 grams, the Cologne mark of 243.870 grams, and the Prussian mark of 233.855 grams. 2 For information on early German currency ...
[56]
Note to the Reader II | French Silver in the J. Paul Getty Museum
The Cologne Mark is given here for its relevancy to cat. nos. 8 and 10. Equivalent to approximately 234 grams, the Mark in the northern duchy of Mecklenburg ...
[57]
HISTORY OF MARK - Mark Parish Council
Mark is a rural parish situated on the environmentally sensitive Somerset Levels to the south of the Mendip Hills.
[58]
Mark – Travel guide at Wikivoyage
Mark is a municipality in Sjuhäradsbygden with just over 33,000 inhabitants. It includes the towns of Fritsla, Horred, Kinna, Skene, Sätila and Örby as well ...<|separator|>
[59]
Marks kommun - Discover Sweden with Alex
The municipality of Mark has a surface of ca 1 014 km² and a population of ca 34 755 inhabitants. It was created in 1971 and its residence is the town of Kinna.
[60]
Mark Municipality Facts for Kids
Sep 6, 2025 · It is home to Sweden's largest makers of fire hoses, bulletproof materials, and filtering equipment.
[61]
Mark in Germany | Facts and Information about Mark
Mark in Germany. Mark is a section of Mitling in Westoverledingen in Landkreis Leer in Lower Saxony in Germany. Find all information about Mark in Germany ...
[62]
County of Mark - Wikipedia
The name Mark derived from a small village Mark and the nearby Castle Mark, the latter was built between 1190 and 1202, both today incorporated in the ...
[63]
Is there a certain connotation in German for places with the word ...
Jan 22, 2023 · The German word Mark is unrelated to the name of Jesus's apostle. It only means the land of some noble, similar to Shire in English.
[64]
Village of Mark, Illinois: Home
WELCOME TO THE VILLAGE OF MARK, ILLINOIS, incorporated in 1905, In Putnam County. View the history of the Village of Mark.History · Contact Us · Village Board · Mark School
[65]
History - Village of Mark, Illinois
The history of the Village of Mark, Illinois includes early 1900's photos of Hennepin Street facing west by Jack & Barb Schmitz.
[66]
St. Mark's Main Place 282251 from Census 2011
St. Mark's Main Place 282251 from Census 2011 ; Area: 2.43 km² ; Population: 852 (350.77 per km²) ; Households: 278 (114.45 per km²).
[67]
Mark Point Map - Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria - Mapcarta
Mark Point is a point in Calabar South, Cross River State. Mapcarta, the open map.
[68]
Mark Antony - Spartacus Educational
Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony) was born in Rome in 83 BC. He was related on his mother's side to Julius Caesar. He was from a prominent noble family.Missing: reliable | Show results with:reliable
[69]
CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope St. Mark - New Advent
Date of birth unknown; consecrated 18 Jan., 336; d. 7 Oct., 336. After the death of Pope Sylvester, Mark was raised to the Roman episcopal chair as his ...
[70]
Mysterious Pope St. Mark | Christianity.com
Apr 28, 2010 · We know that he was consecrated pope on January 18, 336. One of Mark's undertakings was to compile stories of the lives of martyrs and bishops before his time.
[71]
Pope St. Mark - The 34th Pope - PopeHistory.com
Pope St. Mark reigned as the bishop of Rome and head of the Western Church from January 18, 336 AD through October 7, 336 AD after the papacy of Sylvester I.
[72]
Mark Zuckerberg: Founder and CEO of Meta (formerly Facebook)
Mark Zuckerberg is a self-taught computer programmer and co-founder, chair, and chief executive officer of Meta (META), formerly known as Facebook.
[73]
Once a Trump critic, Mark Zuckerberg pivots toward the president
Feb 3, 2025 · Meta Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg and President Trump have been circling each other for a decade. After challenging and criticizing the ...
[74]
Why Mark Cuban is Fed Up With Both Political Parties - YouTube
Aug 15, 2024 · ... business and culture. Exploring every angle of climate change, technology, finance, sports and beyond, Bloomberg Originals is business as ...
[75]
Mark Carney sworn in as first new Canadian prime minister in nine ...
Mar 14, 2025 · Mark Carney, an economist and political newcomer, has been sworn in as Canada's new prime minister, and delivered remarks vowing to never become a part of the ...
[76]
About | Prime Minister of Canada
Mark Carney is Canada's 24th Prime Minister. He was elected Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and sworn in as Prime Minister in March 2025.
[77]
Mark Carney Has a Sterling Resume. Here's the Part That ... - Politico
Apr 28, 2025 · Canada's prime minister has a background in central banking. He also has more experience as a politician than he lets on.
[78]
Who Is The Most Famous Mark In The World? - Ranker
Mark Hamill · Mark Wahlberg · Mark Twain · Mark Zuckerberg · Mark Ruffalo · Mark Lee · Mark Cuban · Mark Antony.
[79]
Mark's Story - Mark Wahlberg Chevrolet
Soon after, Wahlberg transitioned to acting, with his screen debut in Renaissance Man (1993) and his first starring role in Fear (1997). He received critical ...
[80]
The Life and Career of Mark Wahlberg: From Rap To Hollywood
He's a former rapper turned Hollywood actor and producer. Welcome to WatchMojo.com and today we'll be taking a look at the career of Mark Wahlberg.
[81]
Herman Mark and the Polymer Research Institute - Landmark
A prominent scientist and a pioneer in the study of polymers, Mark introduced the teaching of polymer chemistry into the school curriculum immediately.
[82]
Mark, Dr. Herman F. - Plastics Hall of Fame
During his career, Professor Mark authored more than 600 research papers and 40 books on polymer chemistry.
[83]
Mark Oliphant - Nuclear Museum - Atomic Heritage Foundation
Marcus Laurence Elwin Oliphant (1901-2000) was an Australian physicist who helped push the United States to create an atomic bomb program.Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[84]
The journey of Australian science – Oliphant and nuclear physics
Renowned for his pioneering research in nuclear fusion, Professor Oliphant's experiments were crucial in understanding how atomic nuclei can merge to release ...
[85]
Mark SPITZ - Olympics.com
Mark Spitz is one of the greatest swimmers of all time. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Games.
[86]
Mark Spitz | Team USA
Mark Spitz, considered one of the greatest swimmers of all time, is an 11-time Olympic medalist who earned a total of nine gold medals, one silver and one ...
[87]
Mark McGwire Stats, Age, Position, Height, Weight, Fantasy & News
**Playing Career** In a 16-year Major League career with the Athletics and Cardinals, McGwire hit 583 home runs (363 with Oakland), the 10th-most in baseball ...
[88]
Mark McGwire Home Runs - Baseball Almanac
May 21, 2025 · Mark McGwire hit 583 home runs during his career, 285 while playing at home, 298 while on the road. Mark McGwire hit 306 solo homers, 197 with a ...
[89]
Mark J. HENRY - Olympics.com
In strongman events Henry won the 2002 Arnold Strongman Classic. However, despite his lifting prowess, it was as a professional wrestler that Henry would be ...
[90]
Mark Henry - Strongman Project
Now married and a father of two, Mark Henry has had a long career as a pro wrestler and was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2018. Now retired, he remains ...
[91]
Mark | Australian rules football - Britannica
Oct 2, 2025 · Play of the game of a set kick, or mark, when a player manages to catch the ball directly from the kick of another player who is not less than 15 metres away.
[92]
https://readyallrow.org/understanding-what-the-buoys-mean/
[93]
Mark (Australian rules football) - AFL Explained
Mark is defined as a skill in Australian football rules. It states that if a player properly catches a kicked ball that has travelled more than 15 meters...
[94]
17 Mark - World Rugby Passport
A 17 mark stops play by catching an opponent's kick within a player's 22, with a foot on or behind the line, and calling "mark".
[95]
What is a mark in a game of rugby?
Jun 22, 2023 · A mark in rugby is stopping play by catching an opponent's kick in your 22, with at least one foot on or behind the 22-meter line, and calling ...
[96]
What is marking? - England Football Learning
Oct 17, 2023 · Pressing and compactness all come from marking. How close we mark the opposition or how much space we give them can determine how easy it is for ...Missing: rules | Show results with:rules
[97]
A Guide to Soccer Terms and Phrases
May 29, 2025 · Penalty spot/Penalty mark: A marked point in the center of the penalty area, 12 yards from the goal line, from which players make penalty kicks.
[98]
Today's Tidbit... 1876 IFA Rule #50: Heel-In Mark
Sep 29, 2023 · As best as I can tell, the rule tells us that when a player makes a fair catch from a puntout or punt-on, and heels in to make his mark, the ...
[99]
List of Sports Terminology - Important Sports Terms for Sports Fan
Sep 24, 2020 · Ball Mark: An indentation on a putting green takes place when a usually long, high approach shot lands on the green. · Ballooning: Hitting down ...
[100]
Mark of the Year - AFL.com.au
Winners of the 2025 Mark of the Year ; Mabior Chol Round 24 ; Daniel Curtin Round 23 ; Ben King Round 22 ; Zach Banch Round 21 ; Liam Ryan Round 20.Round 11 · Prizes and Terms · Watch Now · History
[101]
Darcy wins 2025 Mark of the Year - Western Bulldogs
Sep 22, 2025 · Sam Darcy's courageous grab in Round 22 has earned him the 2025 Virgin Australia Mark of the Year. In a clutch moment during the tense clash ...
[102]
Robotic buoys make their mark at the 2024 Paris Olympics
Aug 9, 2024 · The MarkSetBot is a larger-scale buoy, making it able to handle the higher wind speeds, waves, and offshore conditions in the Americas Cup ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[103]
MarkSetBot: Home
MarkSetBot offers robotic buoys and integrated course-setting technology for sailboat racing that makes race management simple, accurate and sustainable.
[104]
Understanding what the buoys mean - Ready all, row
Sep 5, 2013 · Buoys are used to outline the course, although they're more commonly used during sprint season to mark the lanes than during head race season.
[105]
Math Symbols List (+,-,x,/,=,...) - RapidTables.com
Algebra symbols ; ⌊x⌋, floor brackets, rounds number to lower integer ; ⌈x⌉, ceiling brackets, rounds number to upper integer ; x! exclamation mark, factorial ; | x ...Infinity symbol (∞) · Algebra symbols · Factorial (n!) · Calculus symbols
[106]
The basic mathematical symbols used in Maths help us to ... - BYJU'S
Maths Logic symbols With Meaning ;! Exclamation mark, not – negation ; ¬, not, not – negation ; ~, tilde, negation ; ⊕, circled plus / oplus, exclusive or – xor ...
[107]
Math Symbols and What They Mean - ThoughtCo
Apr 30, 2025 · And what is the check mark in math? Read on to decipher what math symbols mean and why they're important. Common Math Symbols and Meaning. Here ...
[108]
Apostrophe Symbol (') - wumbo.net
The apostrophe is a punctuation mark used in written language. In mathematics, it is often used to denote a derivative (in calculus) and a complement (in ...
[109]
Articulation in Music | Definition, Symbol & Types - Lesson - Study.com
For extremely short notes, a mark that looks like a triangular wedge or exclamation point without the dot is called a staccatissimo. It's even shorter and ...
[110]
Accents in Music | Definition, Types & Symbol - Lesson - Study.com
Marcato: A marcato is another v-shaped accent mark that lies vertically above an individual music note. The word marcato comes from a word in Italian that means ...
[111]
Mathematical relationships | Style Manual
Ratios don't use a symbol, unlike mathematical operators. Ratios use a punctuation mark instead: the colon. Ratios don't have a space around the colon. Correct.
[112]
January 18: J.W. Bryce Outlines the Harvard Mark I
Jan 18, 2025 · The Harvard Mark I was the first fully automatic machine, completed in 1944, that computed three additions or subtractions a second and stored ...
[113]
About Mark - Mark Climate Technology
Mark Climate Technology produces a leading range of HVAC products for the heating, cooling and ventilating of large buildings.
[114]
Mark-10: Force & Torque Measurement Equipment with Lifetime ...
Mark-10 manufactures universal test machines (UTM), tensile and materials testers, torque, force and COF test stand equipment and gauges in the US.
[115]
MARK, a novel family of protein kinases that phosphorylate ...
MARK phosphorylates the microtubule-associated proteins tau, MAP2, and MAP4 on their microtubule-binding domain, causing their dissociation from microtubules.
[116]
MARK4 Is a Novel Microtubule-associated ... - ScienceDirect.com
The human genome contains four functional MARK genes plus 28 pseudogenes (34, 42). In this study, we describe the characterization of the fourth paralog in the ...
[117]
KIN2/PAR-1/MARK kinase family - Wikipedia
Members of this kinase family are involved in various biological processes such as cell polarity, cell cycle control, intracellular signalling, microtubule ...
[118]
Mark - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Entry on the given name Mark, confirming derivation from Latin Marcus related to the god Mars.