Mart Poom
Mart Poom (born 3 February 1972) is an Estonian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper and is widely regarded as the greatest Estonian footballer in history.[1][2] He earned 120 caps for the Estonia national team between 1992 and 2009, captaining the side on numerous occasions and serving as its goalkeeping coach since 2008.[3][4] In 2004, Poom was named Estonia's Golden Player by UEFA as part of its Jubilee Awards, recognizing him as the country's outstanding footballer of the previous 50 years.[5] Poom began his professional career in Estonia with clubs such as Tallinna Lõvid and Flora before moving abroad to Finland's KuPS in 1992 and then to England's Portsmouth in 1994.[6] His breakthrough came in England, where he joined Derby County in 1997 and established himself as a reliable Premier League goalkeeper, making 166 appearances for the club over six seasons. Subsequent spells included loans and permanent moves to Sunderland (2003–2006), a brief stint at Arsenal in 2006 where he served as a backup, and Watford from 2007 until his retirement in 2009.[6][7] Known for his commanding presence at 1.95 meters tall and shot-stopping ability, Poom was praised for key performances, including helping Estonia secure notable results against stronger opponents during his international career.[8]Early life
Childhood
Mart Poom was born on 3 February 1972 in Tallinn, in the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, during the Soviet occupation of Estonia that lasted from 1940 to 1991. He spent his childhood in the Mustamäe district of Tallinn, a Soviet-era housing development built in the 1950s and 1960s to accommodate the growing urban population.[9] In this environment, Poom developed an early interest in sports, influenced by the centralized Soviet system that promoted physical education and youth athletics through state-supported programs and facilities.[10] His first encounters with football came via local youth activities in Tallinn during the 1970s and 1980s, when Estonian sports operated under Soviet oversight, focusing on domestic leagues and talent pipelines while barring independent international competition for republics like Estonia. At age seven, Poom joined the prominent Tallinna Lõvid youth academy in 1979, a key institution in Soviet Estonian football known for nurturing talents through structured training amid the era's ideological emphasis on collective athletic achievement.[11] He underwent initial goalkeeper training with Lõvid until 1989, building foundational skills in a program that fed players into higher Soviet divisions.Education
Mart Poom attended Tallinn Secondary School No. 49 (now known as Tallinna Arte Gümnaasium) in the Mustamäe district of Tallinn. He demonstrated strong academic performance throughout his schooling, graduating in 1990 with a gold medal for excellence, an achievement that highlighted his ability to manage rigorous studies alongside his growing involvement in football from an early age.[12][13] Following his secondary education, Poom enrolled at Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech) in 1990, joining the Faculty of Economics to pursue studies in economics. His early years at the university were marked by a commitment to both academics and athletics; he successfully completed the first two years of coursework while training with local football clubs. However, the demands of his burgeoning professional football career began to conflict with his studies, leading him to take academic leave in 1992 to play in Finland and again in 1997 upon signing with Derby County in England. Ultimately, these interruptions resulted in his expulsion from the program, as he chose to prioritize sports over completing his degree.[13][12][14] Poom has reflected on the challenges of balancing university and football training, emphasizing the importance of time management and determination in Estonia's educational environment during that era. He noted that with proper planning, it was feasible to excel in both, crediting his success in secondary school to a focused mindset that allowed him to integrate sports commitments without compromising grades. This period coincided with the late 1980s perestroika and the Singing Revolution, which fostered a renewed sense of national pride and identity in Estonia, influencing young people's aspirations and opening pathways for athletic pursuits amid the country's transition toward independence in 1991. The restoration of sovereignty expanded educational and professional opportunities, enabling talents like Poom to pursue international football careers more readily after completing his initial academic steps.[12][12][12]Club career
Early career (1988–1994)
Mart Poom began his senior professional career in 1988 with Lõvid Tallinn in the Estonian SSR leagues, where he played as a goalkeeper during a period when Estonian football was still under Soviet influence.[15] This debut marked his entry into competitive senior play, building on his youth experience with the same club.[8] In 1989, Poom transferred to Sport Tallinn, playing there through the 1990 season across the Estonian SSR leagues and the inaugural Baltic League, which represented one of the first regional competitions involving newly independent states.[15] These years involved navigating the uncertainties of the dissolving Soviet football system, including limited professional structures and infrastructure challenges as Estonia gained independence in 1991.[8] Seeking greater opportunities abroad, Poom signed his first international professional contract with KuPS in Finland's Veikkausliiga in 1992, appearing in 9 games during a brief stint that exposed him to higher professional standards in Western Europe.[15][14] He returned to Estonia later that year to join FC Flora Tallinn, where he made 22 appearances over the 1992–1993 seasons and contributed to the club's role in establishing the independent Meistriliiga, Estonia's first national top-flight league post-Soviet era.[15][8] In 1993, Poom moved to FC Wil in Switzerland's Nationalliga B for the 1993–1994 season, playing 13 games and adapting to more rigorous European professional environments, which drew scouting interest from English clubs.[15][14] This period highlighted his transition from domestic Soviet-era football to competitive leagues abroad, culminating in his departure for Portsmouth in 1994.[8]Portsmouth (1994–1997)
In the summer of 1994, at the age of 22, Mart Poom transferred from Swiss club FC Wil 1900 to Portsmouth in England's Second Division for a fee of £200,000.[16] He arrived as a promising backup goalkeeper behind established shot-stopper Alan Knight but struggled to secure regular playing time.[14] Over three seasons at Fratton Park, Poom made just four league appearances, primarily in the 1994–95 and 1995–96 campaigns, while also featuring three times in the League Cup. His opportunities were limited under managers Jim Smith, who signed him, and Alan Ball, who took over in 1995; work permit restrictions further hampered his integration, as insufficient first-team minutes prevented renewal, forcing a temporary return to Estonia despite a year remaining on his contract.[14] This period presented significant adaptation challenges for the young Estonian, marking a tougher transition into professional football abroad compared to his later moves.[14] To regain match fitness and address the permit issues, Poom was loaned back to his former club FC Flora Tallinn for the 1995–96 season, where he played 19 games in the Meistriliiga.[17] His performances, including a club-record clean sheet streak of 756 minutes, helped Flora secure the league title that year.[18] Despite his fringe status at Portsmouth, the experience exposed Poom to the intensity of English football's competitive environment, fostering resilience and earning him growing recognition for his shot-stopping ability and composure, which paved the way for his subsequent breakthrough.[14]Derby County (1997–2003)
Mart Poom joined Derby County from Portsmouth on 26 March 1997 for a transfer fee of £500,000, making an immediate impact by securing the first-choice goalkeeper position ahead of the 1997–98 Premier League season.[19][20] Under manager Jim Smith, who had previously worked with Poom at Portsmouth, he featured in 166 appearances across all competitions over six seasons, contributing to the club's establishment as a solid mid-table Premier League side during Smith's tenure from 1995 to 2001, with finishes of ninth in 1997–98 and consistent avoidance of the lower reaches thereafter.[19][14][21] Poom's standout performances included his debut on 5 April 1997 at Old Trafford, where Derby secured a 3–2 victory over Manchester United, highlighted by his penalty save from Teddy Sheringham during a match that introduced both Poom and teammate Paulo Wanchope to the Premier League spotlight.[22] He repeated his heroics against Manchester United on 5 May 2001, keeping a clean sheet in a 1–0 win that proved pivotal in Derby's survival battle, as the team finished 17th and six points clear of relegation.[23] Earlier, in the 1999–2000 season, Poom's consistent shot-stopping helped Derby finish 16th, eight points above the drop zone, earning him widespread acclaim for his reliability in high-pressure fixtures.[24] As a fan favorite, Poom was voted Derby County's Player of the Year for the 1999–2000 season, reflecting his commanding presence and popularity among supporters during a campaign of relative stability.[25] His tenure was marred by a serious knee injury sustained early in his time at the club, which required time to recover and adapt to the rigors of English football, though he demonstrated resilience in regaining his form.[26] By 2002, persistent injury issues limited his involvement, contributing to a challenging period as Derby faced relegation that season, but his earlier contributions had cemented his status as a club icon.[27]Sunderland (2003–2006)
Mart Poom joined Sunderland on loan from Derby County in November 2002, with the transfer made permanent for £2.5 million in January 2003, shortly after he recovered from a knee injury sustained at his previous club.[28] Over the next three and a half years, he made 64 appearances for the club across all competitions, establishing himself as a reliable presence in goal despite persistent injury challenges.[15] His arrival coincided with a turbulent period for Sunderland, who were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 2002–03 season, finishing bottom with just 19 points.[8] One of Poom's standout contributions came early in his Sunderland tenure, during a Championship match against his former club Derby County on 20 September 2003. In injury time, with Sunderland trailing 1–0, Poom ventured forward for a corner and headed in an equalizer, securing a 1–1 draw and marking his only professional goal.[29] The following season, 2003–04, Poom featured prominently as Sunderland pushed for promotion, reaching the play-off final but losing 1–0 to Millwall. Under manager Mick McCarthy, who took charge in March 2003, Poom benefited from a supportive environment that emphasized resilience; McCarthy frequently praised his goalkeeper's shot-stopping ability and composure, crediting him with key saves that preserved points in tight matches, such as a vital stop against Watford's Danny Webber late in the campaign.[30] Poom's role proved pivotal in Sunderland's triumphant 2004–05 Championship season, despite being limited to just 11 league appearances due to a wrist injury that sidelined him for much of the year, followed by knee issues requiring surgery.[31][32] When fit, his performances helped anchor a defense that achieved 26 clean sheets en route to a record 94 points and automatic promotion as champions—their first top-flight return in seven years.[33] Poom's recovery and return bolstered squad morale, as he later reflected on the collective determination under McCarthy, whose straightforward man-management style fostered unity and a never-say-die attitude during the promotion push.[34] However, injuries continued to hamper him in 2005–06, contributing to another relegation from the Premier League, where Sunderland finished last with only 15 points.[8]Arsenal (2006–2007)
In January 2006, Mart Poom completed a permanent transfer to Arsenal from Sunderland, where he had been on loan since August 2005 following their promotion to the Premier League. Signed as third-choice goalkeeper behind Jens Lehmann and Manuel Almunia, Poom provided depth during a season of injury challenges for the Gunners' goalkeeping department.[35] Poom made two competitive appearances during the 2006–07 campaign. His debut occurred on 8 November 2006 in the League Cup third round against Everton, entering at half-time as a substitute for the injured Almunia and contributing to a 1–0 victory with a clean sheet in the second half. His only Premier League outing came on the final day of the season, starting in a 0–0 draw at Portsmouth and securing another shutout.[6] As a member of Arsenal's squad, Poom participated in their memorable run to the 2006 UEFA Champions League Final, held on 17 May in Paris, where the team fell 2–1 to Barcelona despite a strong performance. Though he remained an unused squad member for the match itself, Poom earned a runners-up medal, marking him as the first Estonian footballer to achieve this distinction in Europe's premier club competition.[36] Under manager Arsène Wenger, Poom integrated into the first-team training environment, working alongside elite talents such as Thierry Henry, Robert Pires, and Dennis Bergkamp. He later reflected on the experience as a profound honor, appreciating the opportunity to learn from Wenger's methods and adapt to the intensity of a club vying for domestic and European titles, even with limited game time. Due to persistent lack of opportunities amid competition from established keepers, Poom's contract concluded at the end of the 2006–07 season.[26]Watford (2007–2009)
In May 2007, following Watford's relegation from the Premier League, Mart Poom transferred from Arsenal to the club for an undisclosed fee, signing a two-year contract as experienced cover for first-choice goalkeeper Ben Foster.[37] He made his debut in a 0–0 draw against his former club Portsmouth on the opening day of the 2007–08 Championship season and went on to feature in 12 league matches that year, contributing to a solid defensive record with six clean sheets.[38] Under manager Aidy Boothroyd, Watford mounted a strong promotion challenge, finishing sixth and qualifying for the play-offs, where they were eliminated in the semi-finals by Hull City despite Poom's reliable performances in key fixtures.[39] Poom's second season at Watford was severely disrupted by recurring injuries, beginning with a back problem in October 2007 that affected his international commitments, followed by a dislocated shoulder sustained in a 2–2 draw against Reading in September 2008.[40][41] The shoulder injury sidelined him for up to six months, limiting him to just seven appearances in the 2008–09 Championship campaign and preventing any return to competitive action for the club.[42] Overall, he made 19 league appearances for Watford across both seasons, often praised for his shot-stopping ability when called upon.[38] On 30 April 2009, with his contract set to expire and no prospect of further play due to the physical toll of his injuries, Watford mutually terminated Poom's deal, allowing the 37-year-old to focus on his international farewell.[43] In reflecting on his time at the club, Poom expressed regret at not contributing more, stating he was "sorry" for the limited games amid the injury setbacks that marked the end of his professional playing career.[42] Despite the challenges, his stint underscored a career defined by resilience, having overcome prior knee issues to reach this stage in English football.[1]International career
National team debut and progression
Poom made his international debut for the Estonia national team on 3 June 1992, keeping goal in a historic 1–1 friendly draw against Slovenia in Tallinn, which marked Estonia's first official match since regaining independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.[44] This appearance came shortly after his strong early form with FC Flora Tallinn, establishing him as the nation's emerging top goalkeeper.[45] Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Poom accumulated 120 caps for Estonia, becoming the team's undisputed first-choice goalkeeper and contributing 20 clean sheets during his tenure.[44] He participated extensively in UEFA European Championship qualifiers, featuring in 35 matches across multiple campaigns, and FIFA World Cup qualifiers, with 26 appearances, often facing formidable opponents in groups that tested Estonia's nascent post-independence setup.[44] Poom's progression saw him evolve from an initial squad option in the transitional post-Soviet era—where the national team was rebuilding amid limited resources—into a mainstay who anchored the defense against stronger nations, including notable performances in qualifiers against Portugal, such as the 0–2 loss in 1993 World Cup qualifying.[46][44] His reliability was evident in high-stakes fixtures, like the 1997 World Cup playoff replay where he secured a clean sheet in a 0–0 draw against Scotland, helping propel Estonia toward a penalty shoot-out despite the eventual defeat.[8]Captaincy and retirement
In the early 2000s, Mart Poom assumed the captaincy of the Estonia national football team, a role in which he led the side for 57 matches until his retirement.[47] His leadership provided stability during a period of transition for Estonian football, emphasizing resilience and team unity in competitive fixtures across World Cup and European Championship qualifiers. Poom's experience from English club football, including stints at Derby County and Sunderland, informed his authoritative presence on the pitch, where he often directed the defense with commanding vocal instructions and precise shot-stopping. A significant milestone in Poom's captaincy came in 2004, when he was named Estonia's greatest player of the last 50 years through the UEFA Golden Player award, selected by the Estonian Football Association to honor his enduring contributions to the sport.[8] This recognition underscored his pivotal role in elevating Estonia's international profile since the team's restoration in 1992, and his status as a national icon who bridged domestic and elite European football. Poom brought his international career to a ceremonial close with a retirement match on 10 June 2009, a friendly against Portugal in Tallinn that ended in a 0–0 draw. The fixture marked his 120th cap and drew high-profile attendees, including FIFA President Sepp Blatter and UEFA President Michel Platini, with Poom receiving emotional tributes such as standing ovations from the crowd upon his substitution. He later described the occasion as "sad but liberating," reflecting on a journey that began with Estonia's first post-independence match in 1992.[1] Poom's legacy as captain endures through his inspiration of younger Estonian goalkeepers, such as Karl Hein, who have cited him as a mentor and role model for aspiring to professional levels.[48] His tenure fostered a culture of determination within the national team, contributing to improved performances and greater national pride in Estonian football long after his playing days.[49]Post-playing career
International coaching
Following his retirement from international football in June 2009 after a farewell match against Portugal, Mart Poom transitioned into coaching with the Estonian Football Association, taking on the role of goalkeeping coach for the Estonia national team.[1] He has held this position continuously since then, including under multiple head coaches, and remains in the role as of 2025.[50][51] Poom's contributions have centered on developing the national team's goalkeepers through specialized training regimens that emphasize core skills such as shot-stopping, positioning, and ball distribution.[52] He has notably mentored emerging talents like Karl Hein, the Arsenal goalkeeper and current Estonia number one, providing guidance from youth levels at Nõmme United through senior international duties.[53] This work has supported preparations for major competitions, including UEFA Nations League fixtures and qualifying campaigns for the FIFA World Cup and UEFA European Championship.[4] Under Poom's tenure, Estonia's national team has shown steady progress in international play during the 2010s and 2020s, with involvement in key events such as the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League and the unsuccessful but competitive Euro 2024 qualifying playoff against Poland.[54] His efforts have aligned with enhanced defensive organization in these campaigns, contributing to more resilient performances against stronger European opponents.[55] Poom's coaching has earned recognition for effectively translating his 120 caps as Estonia's most-capped player and former captain into practical expertise, including broader tactical advice and his role as a UEFA goalkeeping expert conducting seminars for coaches across Europe.[3] In 2024, he was inducted into the Estonian Sports Hall of Fame for his overall impact on the sport, highlighting his seamless shift from playing legend to influential coach.[56]Domestic coaching
Following his retirement from professional playing in 2009, Mart Poom established a significant presence in Estonian domestic football through his involvement with FC Nõmme United, where he has served as president and goalkeeping coach since September 2010.[4][57] Initially part-time, his role evolved into a more integrated position within the club's structure post-2020, emphasizing grassroots development and academy training for young goalkeepers in collaboration with his own Mart Poomi Jalgpallikool, which functions as the club's youth academy.[58][26] This shift aligned with broader efforts to strengthen Estonian football at the club level, focusing on technical skills and tactical awareness for aspiring professionals. Poom's coaching at Nõmme United has centered on nurturing academy talents, particularly goalkeepers, to progress toward the Meistriliiga and potential national team pathways.[57] His work has included mentoring early-career players such as his son Markus Poom, who began his youth development at the club from around 2009 to 2014 before advancing to higher levels.[59][60] Through targeted sessions on positioning, distribution, and mental resilience, Poom has contributed to the club's reputation for producing competitive prospects in Estonia's lower divisions, including the Esiliiga B.[61] In October 2025, Poom's hands-on involvement was highlighted during an Esiliiga B match between Nõmme United and Jõhvi Phoenix, where he requested quieter fan support from the visiting supporters to address complaints from nearby residents about noise levels.[62][63] This incident underscored his commitment to maintaining community relations while coaching the team's goalkeepers, reflecting the practical challenges of operating in Estonia's domestic leagues.Personal life
Family
Mart Poom has been married to Lissel Poom since the early 1990s.[8][64] Together, they have three sons born between the late 1990s and 2012: Markus, Andreas, and Patrick.[65][64] The eldest son, Markus Poom (born 1999), is a professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for FC Flora Tallinn in the Estonian Meistriliiga.[66] Born in Derby, England, while his father played for Derby County, Markus moved with the family to Estonia at age 11 and has represented the Estonia national team since 2020, earning over 30 caps.[67][68] He joined Shamrock Rovers on loan from Flora in January 2023, contributing to their League of Ireland Premier Division title win that year before returning to Flora in early 2025.[60][69] The middle son, Andreas Poom (born 2003), has pursued a career in music as a singer-songwriter, beginning to write songs at age 12 and releasing tracks such as "Why Do You Love Me," which competed in Estonia's Eesti Laul 2023.[70][71][64] Unlike his brothers, he has no involvement in sports and focuses on artistic endeavors, including voice acting.[70] The youngest son, Patrick Poom (born 2012), maintains a low public profile with limited details available about his life.[65][64] Throughout Poom's professional career, including his moves to England in the early 2000s and periods sidelined by injuries such as a severe shoulder issue in 2008–09, his family provided crucial emotional support, helping him cope with the demands of elite football.[8][67] Poom has described his wife and sons as the most important aspect of his life, crediting them for enabling relaxation away from the sport's pressures.[8] The family relocated back to Estonia in 2010 after Poom's time in the Premier League, allowing greater stability for his children during his post-playing transition.[65][67][26]Interests and residence
Following his retirement from professional football in 2009, Mart Poom returned to Estonia and established a long-term residence in Tallinn, where he has remained based in the years since.[26] Poom's interests outside of coaching include active involvement in the Estonian sports community, notably through his leadership of FC Nõmme United and its associated Mart Poomi Jalgpallikool, emphasizing youth development; he founded the school in 2001 and has served as the club's president and goalkeeping coach since 2010 to promote grassroots football initiatives.[26][72][57] As president of the club, he has participated in community events, such as addressing supporters during matches to foster positive local engagement.[63] In the 2020s, Poom has led a low-profile lifestyle in Tallinn, making occasional public appearances, including his induction into the Estonian Sports Hall of Fame in June 2025 before thousands of fans at a national football event.[73]Career statistics
Club
Mart Poom made a total of 406 appearances and scored 1 goal across his club career from 1988 to 2009, including 370 in domestic leagues.[15] The following table provides a breakdown by major periods and clubs, focusing on domestic leagues unless otherwise noted, with totals including cups and European competitions where applicable.| Season | Club | League/Competition | Appearances | Goals |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 | Lõvid/Flora | Meistriliiga (Estonia) | 20 | 0 |
| 1989–1990 | Sport Tallinn | Meistriliiga (Estonia) | 59 | 0 |
| 1992 | KuPS | Veikkausliiga (Finland) | 9 | 0 |
| 1992–1993 | Flora | Meistriliiga (Estonia) | 22 | 0 |
| 1993–1994 | FC Wil | Swiss Challenge League | 13 | 0 |
| 1994–1997 | Portsmouth | First Division (England) | 4 | 0 |
| 1995–1997 | Flora (loan) | Meistriliiga (Estonia) | 19 | 0 |
| 1997–2003 | Derby County | Premier League / First Division | 146 | 0 |
| 2002–2003 | Sunderland (loan) | Premier League | 4 | 0 |
| 2003–2006 | Sunderland | Premier League / Championship | 58 | 1 |
| 2006–2007 | Arsenal (loan) | Premier League | 1 | 0 |
| 2007–2009 | Watford | Championship | 19 | 0 |
- Domestic Leagues: 370 appearances, 1 goal.[15]
- Domestic Cups (FA Cup, League Cup): 32 appearances, 0 goals.[74]
- European Competitions: 2 appearances, 0 goals.[38]
International
Mart Poom made his debut for the Estonia national football team on 3 June 1992 in a 1–1 friendly draw against Slovenia, marking Estonia's first official match since the restoration of independence. Over his international career spanning 1992 to 2009, he accumulated 120 caps, scored 0 goals, and kept 31 clean sheets.[15][77] Poom served as captain for 57 of those matches, primarily in the later stages of his tenure.[78] He earned no additional caps following his international retirement in 2009.[15] The following table summarizes Poom's appearances by competition type:| Competition | Appearances | Goals | Clean Sheets |
|---|---|---|---|
| Friendlies | 45 | 0 | Not specified |
| FIFA World Cup qualifiers | 26 | 0 | Not specified |
| UEFA European Championship qualifiers | 35 | 0 | Not specified |
| Baltic Cup | 12 | 0 | Not specified |
| Other Tournaments | 2 | 0 | Not specified |
| Total | 120 | 0 | 31 |