Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

James Hanlon

James Hanlon (born 1966) is an American television director, producer, and retired firefighter best known for his firsthand involvement in documenting the , 2001 terrorist attacks. As a member of FDNY Engine Company 7, Ladder Company 1 in , Hanlon was on duty at the firehouse during the collapse and collaborated with filmmakers to capture raw footage from inside the station, which formed the basis of 9/11 (). He served as , co-director, , and narrator for the film, which aired on and provided an unfiltered, insider perspective on the responders' experiences amid the chaos. The 9/11 documentary earned widespread acclaim for its authenticity and emotional impact, winning a George Foster Peabody Award, an Emmy Award for Outstanding Non-Fiction Directing, and the Edward R. Murrow Award, among others. Hanlon, a Bronx native and UCLA-trained director, retired as a decorated FDNY veteran in 2007 after over two decades of service, transitioning to a prolific career in episodic television. He has directed numerous episodes of network and cable series, including NCIS: Los Angeles, Chicago Fire, Criminal Minds, and Animal Kingdom, often drawing on his emergency services background for realistic portrayals of law enforcement and first responders. Earlier in his career, Hanlon appeared as an actor in films and series such as Bringing Out the Dead (1999) and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. His work emphasizes gritty, real-world narratives, reflecting a commitment to honoring frontline experiences without sensationalism.

Early life and education

Upbringing and family background

James Hanlon was born in the Bronx, New York, and grew up in a large family of eight children. Both of his parents maintained long careers at The New York Daily News. This working-class upbringing in New York City, amid a household shaped by parental dedication to journalism, surrounded him with an ethos of diligence and public accountability from an early age.

Firefighting career

Service in the New York City Fire Department

Hanlon joined the (FDNY) in 1994 as a , departing from his role at following a wager with a friend who bet $500 that he would fail the department's exam. Assigned to Engine Company 7 and Ladder Company 1 in , he engaged in the department's core operations amid the high-density urban environment, where firefighters routinely confronted structural blazes, hazardous material incidents, and medical emergencies in high-rise settings. From 1994 to 2001, Hanlon accumulated approximately seven years of , honing skills in suppression, , and search-and-rescue tactics essential for FDNY's response to the city's over 400,000 annual emergencies during that era, including thousands of working s that demanded rapid in smoke-filled, structurally compromised buildings. He retired from active service in 2007 as a decorated veteran, having served 13 years in total, thereafter shifting focus to while preserving connections within the FDNY network.

Involvement in the September 11, 2001 attacks

James Hanlon was assigned to Engine Company 7 and Ladder Company 1 of the , housed at quarters on Duane Street in , roughly three blocks north of the complex. On September 11, 2001, at approximately 8:46 a.m., when struck the North Tower, Hanlon was on duty; his unit received an initial alarm for smoke reports and dispatched apparatus toward the site within minutes, arriving amid thickening smoke and falling debris. Engine 7/Ladder 1 personnel, including Hanlon, proceeded to the North Tower lobby to assist with evacuations and prepare for potential fire suppression, operating in conditions of extreme heat, structural instability, and civilian panic as thousands fled the buildings. As operations escalated, Hanlon's company contributed to efforts in the towers and surrounding areas, navigating stairwells clogged with victims and attempting extractions before the South Tower collapsed at 9:59 a.m., followed by the North Tower at 10:28 a.m., generating a lethal debris field and dust cloud that engulfed responders. These collapses killed 343 FDNY members overall, with Company 1 suffering multiple fatalities among its ranks, underscoring the unit's proximity and exposure to the epicenter of the impacts. Hanlon survived the initial events but, like other on-site firefighters, endured direct hazards including , superheated air, and prolonged physical exertion amid an estimated 10,000 gallons of igniting fires reaching 1,000 degrees . Post-collapse, Hanlon participated in recovery operations at the pile, sifting through unstable wreckage for survivors and remains over subsequent days, amid acrid smoke and improvised breathing protections insufficient against airborne particulates. The scale of casualties—2,753 deaths at the World Trade Center site—overwhelmed FDNY resources, with operational logs reflecting relentless shifts for units like Engine 7/Ladder 1, prioritizing body recovery and hazard mitigation despite personal risks of secondary collapses and toxic exposure. Responders such as Hanlon faced long-term health consequences from of a toxic mix including pulverized glass, , , and , with cohort studies of FDNY firefighters revealing near-universal acute respiratory symptoms like persistent and reduced lung function immediately post-event. Longitudinal data indicate elevated incidences of , interstitial lung diseases, and over 20 types of cancers among exposed , with FDNY reporting more illness-related deaths than on 9/11 itself by 2022. Psychological impacts, including , affected up to 20% of FDNY personnel per early assessments, stemming from witnessed traumas and , though individual outcomes varied based on exposure duration and protective measures.

Entertainment career

Acting roles

Hanlon's acting career featured supporting and bit roles in television series and films, frequently casting him as s or police officers in line with his public service background. His earliest credited screen appearance came in the 1995 NBC miniseries Danielle Steel's Zoya, where he portrayed a . This role aligned with his pre-FDNY theater experience, having performed in 23 plays in and regionally while studying under . Subsequent credits included a plainclothes cop in the 1997 independent film Lesser Prophets, directed by William Dever. In 1998, he guest-starred as Wedge on an episode of the Fox series . Hanlon continued with a fireman role in Martin Scorsese's 1999 film , starring as a navigating City's emergencies. These parts, secured amid his FDNY service starting in 1994, reflected the industry's preference for based on his real-life credentials rather than leading opportunities. By 2000, Hanlon appeared as a cop in Joe Gould's Secret, a drama about a New York bohemian figure. His filmography during this period—spanning roughly a dozen credits—demonstrated incremental resume-building through authentic, niche portrayals in New York-centric productions, though without breakthrough recognition in a highly competitive field.

Transition to directing and producing

Hanlon's acting career, which included over 20 theater productions in and regional venues as well as guest appearances on television series, provided foundational exposure to the entertainment industry but limited opportunities for narrative authority. His dual experience as an FDNY firefighter introduced causal incentives for creative autonomy, as frontline involvement in high-stakes emergencies underscored the value of unfiltered, experiential storytelling over fictional portrayals constrained by scripts and casting dynamics. This realization prompted Hanlon to formalize his pivot by enrolling in UCLA's two-year professional directing program, completing it after retiring from the FDNY in 2007. The program's emphasis on practical skills aligned with Hanlon's preference for documentary-style derived from , primary-source rather than stylized reconstructions, enabling him to apply first-person operational insights to production decisions. Industry networking, facilitated by prior acting contacts and affiliations—including a pivotal conversation with actor and fellow volunteer Steve —opened doors to executive producing roles. These early behind-the-scenes positions in television production built credibility in a competitive field, where Hanlon's non-traditional background as a decorated differentiated him from conventional filmmakers lacking empirical grounding in crisis response themes. By prioritizing causal accuracy in depictions of emergency services, Hanlon established a niche that leveraged his expertise for directing opportunities on procedural dramas.

Television directing credits

James Hanlon directed 18 episodes of the procedural drama NCIS: spanning 2014 to 2023, including "The Grey Man" (season 5, episode 11), "War Cries" (season 5, episode 21), "Kolcheck, A." (season 6, episode 20), "Driving Miss Diaz" (season 7, episode 2), "Command & Control" (season 7, episode 3), "Angels & Daemons" (season 7, episode 13), "Where There’s Smoke…" (season 8, episode 1), "" (season 8, episode 5), "Tidings We Bring" (season 8, episode 10), "Can I Get a Witness?" (season 8, episode 15), "Các Tù Nhân" (season 9, episode 11), "Diamond in the Rough" (season 9, episode 16), "" (season 10, episode 16), "" (season 11, episode 3), "Commitment Issues" (season 11, episode 14), "The Noble Maidens" (season 12, episode 10), "Murmuration" (season 13, episode 12), and "" (season 14, episode 11). These episodes featured intricate action sequences and team-based investigations, aligning with the series' format that sustained 14 seasons and over 300 episodes total, with peak viewership exceeding 15 million for early seasons per Nielsen data. Hanlon's credits extend to emergency services-themed series, including one episode of NBC's ("The F Is For," season 6, episode 12, aired January 16, 2018), which depicted high-intensity rescue operations amid the show's average seasonal viewership of approximately 7.5 million households. He also directed "Let It Burn" (season 1, episode 7) of ABC's in 2018, contributing to its procedural focus on firefighter dynamics during a freshman season that averaged 6.8 million viewers. In the TNT crime drama , Hanlon directed one episode from season 3 in 2018, showcasing family-centric action and elements in a series that maintained consistent cable ratings around 1-2 million viewers per episode. His television directing portfolio, totaling at least 21 scripted episodes, emphasizes efficient handling of ensemble action and procedural tension across broadcast and cable networks.
SeriesNetworkYears ActiveEpisodes Directed
NCIS: Los AngelesCBS2014–202318
Chicago FireNBC20181
Station 19ABC20181
Animal KingdomTNT20181

9/11 documentary

Production background

In the spring of 2001, French filmmakers Jules Naudet and Gédéon Naudet, in collaboration with New York City Fire Department (FDNY) firefighter James Hanlon, initiated a documentary project focused on the experiences of rookie firefighter Antonios "Tony" Benetatos at Engine Company 7, Ladder Company 1 in Lower Manhattan. Hanlon, leveraging his position within the FDNY, facilitated unprecedented access to daily operations and internal dynamics, enabling the small crew to embed with the firefighters for authentic, observational footage. The production was conceived as a character-driven portrait of probationary service, utilizing lightweight handheld cameras to maintain mobility and intimacy without disrupting routines. The project's pivot to documenting the September 11, 2001, attacks occurred spontaneously on the morning of the events, as the crew was already on location when struck the North Tower. Hanlon served as co-director and contributed to on-the-ground shooting logistics, while the Naudet brothers handled primary , adapting their existing setup to capture the unfolding crisis in real time. Resource limitations defined the ad-hoc approach: a minimal team of three, no additional equipment beyond portable camcorders, and reliance on FDNY radio communications and personal networks for navigation through the chaos, prioritizing raw, unscripted recording over structured narrative planning. This constrained methodology yielded over 17 hours of footage from inside the firehouse and response zones, underscoring the documentary's origins in opportunistic proximity rather than premeditated disaster coverage.

Filming and content

The documentary "9/11" derives its core footage from extended filming inside the FDNY's Engine Company 7, Ladder Company 1 station house in Lower Manhattan, which suffered seven fatalities on September 11, 2001. Initially intended to document the routines of probationary firefighter Anthony "Tony" Benetatos, the cameras captured unscripted preparations including equipment checks, meal breaks, and banter among the crew before the first plane struck the North Tower at 8:46 a.m. As alarms sounded for the initial response, sequences depict firefighters donning gear amid mounting reports of the unfolding attacks, with interior shots showing real-time reactions to the second plane's impact viewed on a station television at 9:03 a.m. Filming extended to the streets and towers, where Gedeon Naudet shadowed Joseph Pfeifer's team entering the North Tower lobby, recording the building's internal mechanics such as creaking structures and evacuee flows before the South Tower's collapse at 9:59 a.m. sent debris clouds billowing toward responders. Jules Naudet's stationary camera at the firehouse preserved the station's evacuation and partial abandonment, followed by return visits documenting sifting through rubble for remains and personal effects, including graphic evidence of structural failures like twisted metal and dust-choked air that obscured visibility and forced improvised searches. These elements highlight causal sequences of response protocols under duress, such as hose line advancements halted by collapses, without added dramatic reenactments. Rookie Benetatos provides empirical vantage on novice integration into crisis, voicing initial disorientation during gear-up and post-event reflections on the loss of M. Van Dorp and six others from the , while veterans like Lieutenant Mike Meldrum offer insights into tactical decisions, such as staging amid falling debris risks. Hanlon's sparse narration frames these without interpretive overlay, emphasizing unaltered audio of radio chatter, shouts, and silences to convey human costs like from 15-hour shifts and psychological strain from unidentified body parts recovered. favored long, continuous takes over cuts, retaining ambient noise and visible confusion to prioritize event fidelity over polished sequencing, diverging from contemporaneous network broadcasts that often prioritized external aerial views.

Release, reception, and controversies

The documentary 9/11 premiered on CBS on March 10, 2002, drawing an audience of 39 million viewers and setting a record for the highest-rated television documentary at the time. Produced in association with CBS News, the broadcast generated significant proceeds, with sales and licensing contributing millions of dollars to support families of fallen FDNY members through the New York City Firefighters' Association and related funds. The film's unedited raw footage of the attacks and firefighters' response was credited with heightening public awareness of FDNY operations and sacrifices, as evidenced by its role in fundraising efforts that exceeded expectations for post-attack relief initiatives. Reception was overwhelmingly positive among critics and audiences, with praise centered on its unprecedented insider perspective and authentic depiction of heroism amid chaos; for instance, it was lauded for capturing the only known interior footage from within the during the collapses. The program earned the 2002 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special (Informational), along with a Award and an Award for excellence in documentary production. Viewers and reviewers highlighted its archival value as a primary , preserving firsthand accounts that underscored the human cost and resilience of without dramatization. Controversies arose primarily over the handling of graphic content during broadcast. CBS opted to edit out sequences showing individuals jumping from the towers or visible human remains, a decision described as necessary to prevent undue distress while maintaining the film's core impact; this choice drew mixed reactions, with some firefighters and viewers arguing it softened the full horror of , potentially diluting its testimonial power. Others, including advocates, expressed concerns about the unfiltered emotional risking retraumatization for survivors and witnesses, though directors Hanlon and the Naudets defended the inclusion of raw elements as essential to conveying unvarnished reality. No major bans occurred, but the film's influenced selective re-airings on anniversaries, balancing educational merit against sensitivity to ongoing national grief.

Recognition and legacy

Awards and nominations

Hanlon co-directed and served as on the 2002 documentary 9/11, which won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special (Informational). For the same project, he received a Primetime Emmy nomination for Outstanding for Programming (Single or Multi-Camera). The documentary also garnered the George Foster Peabody Award, recognizing its exceptional journalistic achievement in capturing the events of , 2001, from an FDNY perspective. Additionally, 9/11 earned the Award for excellence in electronic journalism. No Primetime Emmy wins or nominations are recorded for Hanlon's episodic television directing credits, such as episodes of or other series. Industry recognition for his broader directing output remains limited to the accolades associated with the 9/11 series and related follow-ups.

Broader impact

Hanlon's collaboration on the 2002 documentary 9/11 provided unfiltered, primary-source footage of ' actions, capturing the sequence of events from Engine 7/Ladder 1 in real time and emphasizing the operational realities and personal sacrifices involved, which contrasted with subsequent abstracted or selective media retellings. This raw depiction fostered a more direct appreciation of firefighters' brotherhood and resilience, as evidenced by its integration into public commemorations that prioritize eyewitness accounts over narrative framing. The film's archival material has supported educational efforts to teach generations about the attacks' immediacy, with instructors using excerpts to illustrate ground-level responses and mitigate reliance on secondary interpretations that may introduce distortion. In classroom applications, it has aided discussions on distinguishing verified sequences from unsubstantiated claims, contributing to a factual baseline for historical understanding as of ongoing anniversary reflections in 2025. Transitioning to television directing, Hanlon applied his frontline experience to episodes of procedural dramas like Chicago Fire and NCIS: Los Angeles, enhancing depictions of emergency operations with procedural accuracy derived from actual FDNY practices, thereby elevating genre authenticity beyond dramatized conventions. His body of work thus sustains an influence on portrayals of first responders, grounding fictional narratives in empirical operational details to inform viewer perceptions of their roles.

References

  1. [1]
    James Hanlon - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia
    Oct 9, 2024 · James Hanlon (born 1966) is a former New York City firefighter, an Actor and Director. He executive produced and directed the CBS documentary film 9/11.Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
  2. [2]
    James Hanlon - Director/Writer/Producer - Home |
    Acclaimed Director and Executive Producer, James Hanlon is best known for his iconic documentary series & first hand account of the September 11th attacks.
  3. [3]
    9/11 (TV Movie 2002) - IMDb
    Rating 8.5/10 (8,920) A real life documentary following the events of September 11 from an insider's view, through the lens of James Hanlon and two French filmmakers.
  4. [4]
    9/11 firefighters on how they – and America – have changed | CNN
    Sep 7, 2016 · And Hanlon, who helped create the documentary, is now an episodic TV director, based in Southern California. Nonetheless he'll always be ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
  5. [5]
    CBS to Rebroadcast '9/11' Documentary | wltx.com
    Aug 11, 2006 · CBS and the filmmakers have been honored with multiple awards for "9/11," including a George Foster Peabody Award, Emmy Award for Outstanding ...
  6. [6]
    Awards - James Hanlon - IMDb
    Primetime Emmy Awards. 9/11 (2002). 2002 Nominee Primetime Emmy. Outstanding Cinematography for Non-Fiction Programming (Single or Multi-Camera).Missing: Peabody | Show results with:Peabody
  7. [7]
    James Hanlon - Biography - IMDb
    James Hanlon is an award winning American/ Irish TV Director, Writer, Cinematographer and Executive Producer , his iconic documentary 9/11 series & first hand ...
  8. [8]
    James Hanlon - IMDb
    James Hanlon is an award winning American TV Executive Producer / Director . He has directed Animal Kingdom TNT , numerous NCIS Los Angeles CBS, ...
  9. [9]
    Firefighters on film: 16 firefighters-turned-actors - FireRescue1
    Aug 28, 2020 · James Hanlon left his job at The New York Daily News in 1994 to join the ranks of the FDNY after a friend bet him $500 that he would fail the ...
  10. [10]
    9/11 - Variety
    Mar 11, 2002 · The Naudets began their project, with the assistance of firefighter James Hanlon ... Engine 7, Ladder 1. The footage they collected in his ...Missing: FDNY | Show results with:FDNY
  11. [11]
  12. [12]
    [PDF] Health Effects in the Aftermath of the World Trade Center Attack
    Sep 11, 2025 · Almost all the firefighters who responded to the attack experienced respiratory effects, and hundreds had to end their firefighting careers due ...
  13. [13]
    Why we must keep telling the FDNY's 9/11 story (Opinion) - CNN
    Sep 9, 2016 · James Hanlon is an Emmy and Peabody Award-winning filmmaker and a retired firefighter from the New York Fire Department.Missing: career | Show results with:career
  14. [14]
    Research on 9/11 Health Impacts - CDC
    Oct 22, 2024 · 2002 Intense, short-term exposure to the dust cloud was associated with cough among FDNY firefighters · 2005 After 9/11, residents of Lower ...
  15. [15]
    Twenty-Year Reflection on the Impact of World Trade Center ... - NIH
    Nov 11, 2021 · After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 (9/11), many rescue/recovery workers developed respiratory symptoms and pulmonary diseases ...
  16. [16]
    James Hanlon Movies & TV Shows List | Rotten Tomatoes
    Actor James Hanlon was most commonly known for his roles in television dramas. He also was featured in the miniseries "Danielle Steel's "Zoya"" (1995-96).
  17. [17]
    James Hanlon: Movies, TV, and Bio - Amazon.com
    James studied acting at 21 yrs old with Stella Adler and also with James ... Bringing Out the Dead · Third Watch: The Complete First Season. 1998. Sex and ...
  18. [18]
    James Hanlon (Creator) - TV Tropes
    James Hanlon (November 12, 1966) is an American actor, director, and former New York City firefighter best known for 9/11 (2002), Animal Kingdom (2018), ...
  19. [19]
    James Hanlon - TV Guide
    24 Credits. Legends as Dan Cabot. Legends. Single Ladies as Brig. Single Ladies. Person of Interest as Detective James Stills. Person of Interest. NCIS as ...Missing: roles | Show results with:roles
  20. [20]
    Bringing Out the Dead (1999) - Full cast & crew - IMDb
    Bringing Out the Dead (1999) - Cast and crew credits, including actors ... NCIS Los Angeles ". James Hanlon · James Hanlon · Fireman · Chris Edwards · Chris ...Missing: FDNY | Show results with:FDNY
  21. [21]
    James Hanlon — The Movie Database (TMDB)
    Known For · 9/11 · Bringing Out the Dead · Criminal Minds · Law & Order: Special Victims Unit · Person of Interest · 9/11: Fifteen Years Later · Weeds · NCIS.
  22. [22]
    James Hanlon | Chicago Fire Wiki - Fandom
    James Hanlon was born in 1966 in The Bronx, New York and is a retired NYC firefighter. He started his film career as an actor, building an extensive resume ...Missing: FDNY biography
  23. [23]
  24. [24]
    9/11 - The Peabody Awards
    9/11. CBS. In the spring of 2001, three documentarians (Jules and Gedeon Naudet, with James Hanlon) began a project following a New York City rookie ...Missing: background | Show results with:background
  25. [25]
    "9/11" Documentary Updated as CNN Plans Digital Archive - Variety
    Sep 8, 2016 · The backstory of “9/11” is well-known by now: French filmmakers Jules and Gédéon Naudet and firefighter/director James Hanlon were filming a ...Missing: origins decision making
  26. [26]
    Documentary Review: '9/11' | Jammer's Blog
    Mar 17, 2002 · Their firefighter friend, James Hanlon, who also narrates the documentary, helped the Naudets shoot tape and arrange the logistics of the ...Missing: production | Show results with:production
  27. [27]
    9/11 - Documentary Film | Watch Online - GuideDoc
    Filmmakers James Hanlon and Jules and Gedeon Naudet were filming a documentary about a rookie New York City firefighter when they noticed a plane fly overhead ...
  28. [28]
    Amazon.com: 9/11 - The Filmmakers' Commemorative Edition [DVD]
    Sensitively narrated by codirector and fellow firefighter James Hanlon, 9/11 will endure forever as a tribute to those, living and dead, who witnessed hell on ...
  29. [29]
    9/11 (2002) | - idrawonmywall.com
    Jan 10, 2018 · Along with the two brothers, the film was directed by James Hanlon, himself a New York City firefighter who is now a television director and ...Missing: FDNY involvement
  30. [30]
    Highest audience for a TV documentary | Guinness World Records
    The world's highest audience for a TV documentary is 39 million for CBS' 9/11 (USA) programme which was broadcast in the USA on 10 March 2002.Missing: viewership | Show results with:viewership
  31. [31]
    Twin towers film raises millions for fire fighters | Media - The Guardian
    Sep 12, 2002 · The documentary was broadcast by CBS in the US in March on the ... James Hanlon, a New York fireman and part time actor they had known ...
  32. [32]
  33. [33]
    CBS's Controversial Date With Destiny - The Washington Post
    Mar 8, 2002 · Zirinsky says the producers worked with the New York City Fire Department ... James Hanlon, left, with Jules and Gedeon Naudet, whose documentary ...
  34. [34]
    (PDF) Conjuring Trauma: The Naudet Brothers' 9/11 Documentary
    The filmmakers attempt to mitigate the traumatic potential of their unique atrocity footage by sanitizing it and integrating it into a Hollywood-style coming-of ...
  35. [35]
    CBS To Re-Air 9/11 Doc - Nexttv
    Aug 10, 2006 · CBS plans to re-air the riveting 9/11 documentary it aired on the six-month and one-year anniversaries of the Sept. 11 attacks on the World ...
  36. [36]
    James Hanlon | Television Academy
    2 Nominations. 1 Emmy. Winner. Outstanding Non-Fiction Special (Informational) - 2002. James Hanlon, Executive Producer/Director. 9/11. CBS. Nominee ...
  37. [37]
    CNN Films Acquires, Co-Produces Award-Winning '9/11' Film Ahead ...
    Aug 22, 2016 · James Hanlon's and Naudet Brothers' Classic Film to be Updated and ... New York City Fire Department, Leary will recall the bravery and ...
  38. [38]
    Teaching kids born post-9/11, so it's not 'just another date' in history
    Sep 11, 2015 · Lewis said he asks parents for permission to show students the documentary “9/11,” by Jules and Gedeon Naudet and James Hanlon. The Naudet ...Missing: training | Show results with:training
  39. [39]
    24 years ago today, 2 brothers were out filming a day in the life ...
    Sep 11, 2025 · ... documentary of FDNY... Credit: French brothers Jules and Gédéon Naudet, partnered with FDNY firefighter James Hanlon. Denise Woodward ...