Travis Charest
Travis Charest (born 1969) is a Canadian comic book penciller, inker, and painter renowned for his highly detailed and realistic style, particularly in superhero and science fiction genres.[1][2] Born in Leduc, Alberta, he discovered his passion for drawing through a comic book found at his grandmother's house and later drew inspiration from artists like Mike Mignola, Adam Hughes, Brian Bolland, and early 20th-century illustrators.[3][2] Charest began his professional career by submitting samples to DC Comics, leading to his debut on Flash Annual #5 in 1992 and a four-issue run on Darkstars shortly thereafter.[2] He gained prominence after being recruited by Jim Lee to join Wildstorm Studios in California, where he illustrated the revamped WildC.A.T.s series alongside writers such as James Robinson, Alan Moore, and Scott Lobdell.[3][2] His work extended to cover art for DC titles including The Outsiders, Batman, and Detective Comics, as well as collaborations like the unfinished painted graphic novel Weapons of the Metabaron in the Metabarons universe, completed by Zoran Janjetov under Alejandro Jodorowsky's guidance.[2][4] By 2007, Charest had settled in California and shifted toward independent projects, creating the webcomic Spacegirl, which he self-published as collected volumes starting in 2008.[3][2] He continued providing cover art for major publishers, including Marvel's Captain America: The Chosen, Dark Horse's Star Wars titles, and more recent releases such as Image Comics' The Ambassadors (2023) and BRZRKR: Bloodlines (2024).[2][5][6] Charest's versatile technique, often involving self-inking and painting, has influenced subsequent generations of comic artists, including Freddie E. Williams II.[2]Early Years
Childhood and Family Background
Travis Charest was born in 1969 in Leduc, a small town in the Canadian province of Alberta.[2] He grew up on a family farm in rural Alberta, where the isolation of farm life encouraged his early observational drawing habits, as he sketched the surrounding landscapes and daily activities to capture the natural world around him.[7] It was at his grandmother's house that he found his first comic book, sparking his passion for drawing.[2] Additionally, his uncle's collection of Metal Hurlant comics provided his initial exposure to sophisticated European sequential art, broadening his appreciation for innovative storytelling and visuals in the medium.[8]Initial Artistic Influences and Development
Charest's early artistic development occurred in the rural setting of Leduc, Alberta, fostering an initial focus on drawing from life rather than American superhero comics. This isolation from urban comic culture allowed him to cultivate observational skills independently, sketching everyday subjects such as farm animals, landscapes, and household objects to build his foundational techniques. Self-taught through persistent practice, Charest emphasized realistic rendering over fantastical tropes, developing a personal style rooted in direct observation of his surroundings.[2][4] His family's supportive environment encouraged this solitary exploration, providing space for experimentation without formal instruction. The lack of immediate access to mainstream comics meant his early inspirations drew more from natural forms and simple narratives than from caped heroes or serialized adventures. This approach instilled a preference for detailed, grounded artwork that prioritized anatomy and environment over stylized action.[2] A pivotal shift came with his discovery of European comics through Metal Hurlant, an influential anthology magazine collected by a family member, which exposed him to sophisticated, narrative-driven storytelling and intricate visuals by artists like Moebius. This encounter redirected his interests toward detailed, atmospheric art that blended science fiction with meticulous draftsmanship, contrasting sharply with the bolder, less nuanced aesthetics of U.S. mainstream styles. Metal Hurlant's emphasis on mature themes and experimental layouts inspired Charest to aspire beyond basic sketching, fueling his ambition for professional illustration in genre comics.[9][10]Professional Career
Debut and Early Assignments (1990s)
Travis Charest entered the professional comic book industry in 1992, securing his first assignment with DC Comics after submitting samples from his self-published work. His debut interior art appeared in The Flash Annual #5 (August 1992), where he provided pencils for the story "Run-In!" written by Mark Waid and Craig Boldman, inked by Dan Davis, Scott Hanna, and John Lowe.[2][11] This marked his initial foray into illustrating American superhero narratives, adapting his detailed, European-influenced style—rooted in childhood exposure to Metal Hurlant and artists like Mike Mignola and Brian Bolland—to the dynamic, action-oriented formats of U.S. publishers.[2][10] Building on this breakthrough, Charest contributed a short Flash story to Showcase '93 #3 (March 1993), further honing his skills in concise, high-energy superhero tales alongside collaborators like writer Michael Martinek and inker Dan Davis.[2][12] His early collaborations emphasized rapid pacing and exaggerated anatomy typical of 1990s superhero comics, blending his penchant for intricate linework with the bold, muscular aesthetics demanded by the market. In 1993, he transitioned to more sustained interior work, serving as regular penciler on Darkstars for issues #4–7 (January–April 1993), a space opera series featuring intergalactic law enforcers, where he collaborated with writer Michael Jan Friedman and inker Scott Hanna to depict cosmic battles and team dynamics.[2][13] To immerse himself deeper in the U.S. comic scene, Charest relocated from Canada to San Diego, California, by 1995, positioning himself near the burgeoning Wildstorm Studios founded by Jim Lee.[2][14] This move facilitated closer industry connections and allowed him to refine his adaptation to American formats through ongoing assignments, including cover art for titles like The Outsiders, Batman, and Detective Comics during the mid-1990s.[2]Major Image Comics Projects and Collaborations
Charest's most prominent contributions to Image Comics came through his extensive work on the WildC.A.T.s series, where he provided pencils and inks for issues #15–17 in 1993–1994, establishing his dynamic style early in the title's run.[15] He returned for a longer stint on issues #21–31 from 1995 to 1996, collaborating with writer Alan Moore to redefine the team's narrative and visual scope, blending high-concept storytelling with intricate, cinematic artwork that emphasized character anatomy and atmospheric depth.[16] This run culminated in his pencils and inks for issue #50 in 1998, a special oversized issue that wrapped key arcs with elaborate action sequences and group dynamics.[17] In addition to his WildC.A.T.s interiors, Charest delivered cover art for several issues, including #28, enhancing the series' visual appeal with bold compositions that captured the team's futuristic intensity.[18] His alignment with Jim Lee's vision was facilitated through his association with Homage Studios, the creative collective under Lee's WildStorm imprint, where Charest contributed to the studio's emphasis on polished, superheroic aesthetics and collaborative production.[10] Charest's crossover work further solidified his Image Comics legacy, notably on the 1996 Grifter/Shi miniseries, where he penciled the opening pages (issues #1–2) and provided cover art, teaming Grifter with the samurai Shi in a high-stakes narrative against corporate intrigue, with inks by Billy Tucci completing the visual synergy.[19] His most acclaimed collaboration arrived in 1997 with WildC.A.T.s/X-Men: The Golden Age, a one-shot co-published with Marvel, where Charest handled full pencils and primary inks, depicting a WWII-era team-up between the WildC.A.T.s and X-Men precursors under writer Scott Lobdell, incorporating Homage Studios' coloring for a period-authentic yet explosive style that highlighted historical reimaginings.[20]International Ventures and Creator-Owned Work
In 2000, Travis Charest relocated from the United States to Paris, France, to explore new artistic opportunities in the European comics market, building on his earlier successes with Image Comics titles like WildC.A.T.s.[2] This move was prompted by an invitation to collaborate on a graphic novel within Alejandro Jodorowsky's The Metabarons universe, published by the French company Humanoids Publishing (Les Humanoïdes Associés).[2] Charest's contribution to Weapons of the Metabaron, released in 2007, consisted of 29 fully painted pages that depicted the assembly of powerful weapons by the Metabaron protagonist, marking a shift toward a more painterly, detailed style influenced by European bande dessinée traditions.[21][22] The Paris project proved labor-intensive, as Charest aimed to paint the entire book himself, but it extended beyond initial expectations due to the meticulous process involved.[2] Despite completing only the first 29 pages of the planned 50-plus, his work was praised for its intricate rendering of sci-fi elements and dynamic compositions, blending his American superhero aesthetics with Jodorowsky's metaphysical storytelling.[21] In 2002, after two years in Paris, Charest returned to the United States, bringing most of his original artwork with him.[23] Upon his return, Charest turned toward creator-owned projects, developing Spacegirl as an independent webcomic series that allowed him full creative control.[2] Initial concepts for Spacegirl emerged in the early 2000s, featuring early sketches of a retro-futuristic heroine navigating episodic sci-fi adventures inspired by classic serials like Flash Gordon.[10] These foundational elements highlighted Charest's experimentation with looser, more fluid linework compared to his prior polished interiors, and the series was later self-published in collected volumes starting in 2008.[2]Recent Projects and Covers (2000s–2025)
In the late 2000s, Charest self-published the first collected volume of his ongoing webcomic Spacegirl, a sci-fi adventure series featuring a young protagonist navigating interstellar challenges with a mix of whimsy and high-stakes action. Released in 2008 through Big Wow Art, the hardcover edition gathered the initial strips originally posted online starting around 2006, showcasing Charest's signature detailed linework and dynamic compositions in both color and black-and-white formats. A French-language edition followed in 2009 via Tournon-Carabas, broadening its international reach.[24][25] Charest continued expanding the Spacegirl narrative with Volume 2 in 2017, self-published and available through his official website, which compiled additional strips emphasizing character development and elaborate alien worlds rendered in his meticulous style. Subsequent collections, including Spacegirl Universe, were released as premium editions on travischarestart.com, aggregating expanded story arcs, bonus sketches, and variant covers to appeal to longtime fans. These volumes highlight Charest's independent approach, blending creator-owned storytelling with his evolving digital and traditional techniques.[26][27] In 2022, Charest contributed to Marvel's Fantastic Four: Full Circle, an original graphic novel written and illustrated by Alex Ross, by providing the iconic "4" logo design for the team's uniforms—a element originally created for Charest's 2013 sketchbook and adapted with permission for the story's psychedelic, Kirby-inspired visuals. The project marked a return to Marvel collaboration, with the expanded edition released in October 2024, including behind-the-scenes insights into the logo's integration. This work underscored Charest's influence on superhero iconography without full interior art duties.[28] Throughout the 2020s, Charest focused on high-profile cover art for major publishers, delivering striking, painterly designs that captured the essence of ensemble casts and epic narratives. Notable examples include the cover for BRZRKR: Bloodlines Vol. 1 (BOOM! Studios, 2024), depicting the immortal warrior B. in a brutal, otherworldly clash; the variant cover for The Ambassadors #3 (Image Comics, April 2023), illustrating a Parisian mother-son superhero duo amid global superpower intrigue; and the variant for Big Game #3 (Image Comics, September 2023), featuring Nemesis in a crossover hunt through the Millarworld universe. These pieces, often in limited variants, emphasized Charest's mastery of dramatic lighting and anatomical precision.[29][30] As of November 2025, Charest has not announced major new interior art projects, instead prioritizing selective commissions and sketches offered through his official website. The "The List" commissions feature custom pieces for collectors, often revisiting characters like Spacegirl or superhero icons, with ongoing availability managed via travischarestart.com to maintain a controlled output pace. This shift allows Charest to balance personal projects with fan engagement while preserving the quality of his renowned detail-oriented work.[31]Artistic Style and Technique
Drawing and Inking Processes
Travis Charest's drawing process emphasizes spontaneity, beginning with rough compositions that capture the energy and emotion of a scene without extensive preliminary sketches or thumbnails. He avoids over-planning to allow for "happy accidents" that infuse his work with vitality, noting that excessive preparation can make the artwork feel stiff and less enjoyable. This approach starts with basic shapes to establish dynamics, focusing on the overall flow and impact of figures in dramatic poses to prioritize anatomical accuracy and movement from the outset.[32] In the penciling stage, Charest refines these roughs into detailed, clean lines using a 2H pencil, which minimizes smearing, often employing mechanical pencils for consistent line weight. He works on hot press illustration board, tightening compositions by ensuring straight lines, accurate circles, and clarified details while emphasizing figure anatomy to build precise, dynamic forms. This meticulous penciling serves as the foundation for either collaboration with inkers or his own finishing, maintaining a high level of precision throughout.[32] For inking, Charest employs Rapidograph pens alongside Copic markers and white synthetic brushes to achieve clean, dynamic lines that enhance the penciled energy. This technique allows for varied line weights and textures, directly building on the spontaneous penciling to produce fluid, expressive illustrations. In later career phases, he has incorporated digital tools to streamline aspects of this workflow, though his core emphasis on traditional spontaneity persists.[33][34]Materials, Tools, and Digital Transition
Charest's traditional artistic setup emphasizes precision and durability in materials to support his intricate line work and painted finishes. He pencils primarily with 2H and HB lead grades to minimize smearing while maintaining clean, detailed lines. For inking, he relies on Rapidograph pens for consistent technical lines, supplemented by Copic markers and brushes for rendering tones and textures; he favors affordable white synthetic brushes for their versatility in handling ink washes.[32] By the early 2000s, Charest adopted Crescent board as his standard surface, valuing its resistance to warping under wet media, enhanced line sharpness, and suitability for framing original artwork. This choice facilitated his shift toward more ambitious painted sequences, where he applies thinned acrylics over pencil and ink foundations, starting with shadow washes and layering colors for depth.[35] In the 2020s, Charest has incorporated digital tools for coloring and finishing stages in his work. This hybrid approach offers advantages such as precise tonal control and non-destructive edits, streamlining production for complex narratives. Despite these benefits, Charest maintains a preference for analog sketching in initial phases to retain the organic, spontaneous feel of his compositions, avoiding full digital reliance that might dilute his hand-drawn authenticity.[34]Legacy and Recognition
Influence on Other Artists
Travis Charest's highly detailed and dynamic illustration style has left a mark on numerous comic book creators, particularly those drawn to the intricate line work and expressive posing characteristic of 1990s superhero art. Chrissie Zullo, a cover artist for Vertigo's Fables series, has highlighted Charest as a pivotal influence on her approach to detailed line work, stating in an interview that she is "equally obsessed" with his contributions alongside artists like James Jean and Adam Hughes.[36] Similarly, David Marquez, whose anatomy rendering has graced Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics Spider-Man and Captain Marvel, credits Charest with shaping his artistic development through a "decade-long obsession" with his work, which informed Marquez's emphasis on fluid, anatomical dynamism in character design.[37][38] Marquez has further noted that Charest's influence is evident in his own pencil-shaded pieces, evoking the precision and energy of Charest's WildStorm-era illustrations.[39] Shelby Robertson, known for his contributions to independent comics and covers, has named Charest among his favorite "underdog" artists, expressing strong admiration for his work.[40] Freddie E. Williams II has cited Charest's self-inking and painting techniques as a key influence on his own work.[2] In broader discussions among comic creators, Charest's role in defining the 1990s Image Comics aesthetic—marked by bold, high-contrast visuals and exaggerated action—has been acknowledged in artist interviews, with figures like Rory Kurtz citing him alongside Jim Lee as a foundational influence from their formative years immersed in that era's superhero boom.[41] This recognition extends to enthusiast circles, where Charest's style is frequently referenced as a benchmark for emulating the era's signature blend of realism and exaggeration.[42]Critical Reception and Industry Impact
Travis Charest's artwork on WildC.A.T.s, particularly issues #22–#25 and the 1997 miniseries, received widespread acclaim for its hyper-detailed and cinematic style, which emphasized intricate line work, dynamic compositions, and a sense of epic scale that elevated the series' visual storytelling during Image Comics' early years.[43] Critics and collectors highlighted the "otherworldly" level of detail in his renderings, which contributed to the book's status as a pinnacle of 1990s superhero art and helped fuel Image Comics' boom in visually ambitious, creator-driven titles.[44] This approach, blending photorealism with superhero spectacle, influenced the era's trend toward high-fidelity illustrations that prioritized spectacle over traditional pacing, setting a benchmark for subsequent Image projects.[45] In contrast, Charest's painted contributions to Weapons of the Metabaron (2001–2002) drew mixed reviews, with praise for the lush, atmospheric visuals but critiques focusing on pacing issues stemming from static compositions and heavy reliance on photo reference, which sometimes disrupted narrative flow in the sprawling sci-fi epic.[10] While the artwork's technical prowess was lauded for enhancing Alejandro Jodorowsky's mythic scope, some observers noted that the deliberate, layered style occasionally slowed the momentum in action sequences.[21] Charest's design work, including the iconic "4" logo for the Fantastic Four uniforms originating from his 2013 sketchbook and featured in Alex Ross's Fantastic Four: Full Circle (2022), garnered positive attention within Marvel circles for its clean, modern reinterpretation that complemented the graphic novel's nostalgic yet innovative aesthetic.[28] The expanded edition released in October 2024 further spotlighted this contribution amid broad acclaim for the book's artistic triumph, reinforcing Charest's enduring relevance in high-profile Marvel projects.[46] Despite an Eisner Award nomination for Best Penciller/Inker in 2000 for WildC.A.T.s, Charest has not received major industry awards, though his reputation as a premier cover artist has sustained his influence and popularity.[43] His covers, known for their meticulous detail and muted palettes, have driven sales and collector interest across publishers, with recent examples including variants for The Ambassadors #3 (2023) and BRZRKR: Bloodlines (2024), underscoring his role in maintaining visual standards in the direct market.[6] This body of work exemplifies his broader impact, inspiring peers like later Image artists to adopt similarly polished, cinematic techniques in an industry increasingly focused on cover-driven appeal.[15]Personal Life
Residences and Relocations
Travis Charest spent his formative years on a farm in Leduc, a small rural town in Alberta, Canada, remaining there until his late teens. This isolated environment limited his early exposure to the comics industry, though he discovered his passion for drawing through comic books found at his grandmother's house.[2] Seeking opportunities in the American comic book scene, Charest relocated to San Diego, California, by 1995, after receiving an invitation from Jim Lee to join Wildstorm Productions. The move positioned him at the heart of the industry, enabling collaborations on key titles like WildC.A.T.s and facilitating his rise as a prominent penciller and inker.[47][2] In April 2000, Charest moved to Paris, France, to work closely with filmmaker and writer Alejandro Jodorowsky on the graphic novel Weapons of the Metabaron within the Metabarons series, drawn to the vibrant European comics landscape. He departed Paris in 2002, bringing most of his original artwork from the project back with him.[48][49][47] Following the completion of his European commitments in the early 2000s, Charest returned to the United States, establishing residence in an undisclosed location to continue his freelance work on covers and creator-owned projects. By 2007, he had settled in California, maintaining a base there for subsequent industry engagements.[2]Family and Private Interests
Travis Charest leads a private personal life, with rare public disclosures about his family and interests beyond occasional interview mentions.[50] He is married and has a daughter, who was 10 years old in 2020.[50] In a 2020 interview, Charest described his wife as a key supportive presence, playfully calling her his "kind of boss."[50] His daughter shares an enthusiasm for superhero films and dragons, and has actively engaged with his creative process by proposing story ideas for the Spacegirl series, such as concepts for a potential next volume.[50] Charest prioritizes work-life balance, integrating family into his routine; he noted that his daughter perceives his drawing—done at home—as an extension of family life rather than formal employment.[50] No major public personal events have been reported, underscoring his preference for privacy amid a career-focused existence.[50]Bibliography
Interior Pencil and Inking Contributions
Travis Charest's interior pencil work debuted in DC Comics' Darkstars series, where he provided the pencils for issues #4 through #7 in 1993. This assignment represented his first ongoing monthly interior art role, collaborating with inker Scott Hanna on stories that explored the interstellar peacekeeping team's battles against cosmic threats. His detailed, dynamic penciling style, characterized by intricate line work and dramatic poses, helped establish the series' visual tone during its early run.[51] Charest's most extensive interior contributions occurred in Image Comics' WildC.A.T.s, penciling issues #11-16 (1994) and #28-31 (1995-1996), often self-inking to maintain a cohesive, high-contrast aesthetic that emphasized fluid action sequences and expressive character designs. His work on issue #50 in 1998 served as a pivotal finale, penciling the narrative's climactic events with inking assistance from John Dickenson, blending his signature realism with the series' superhero intensity.[17] Charest provided pencils and inks for the 1997 crossover one-shot WildC.A.T.s/X-Men: The Golden Age, depicting intense confrontations between the WildC.A.T.s and X-Men against historical foes in a World War II-era setting. These pages showcased his ability to integrate multiple character ensembles in tightly composed panels, with his artwork enhancing the story's alternate-history action.[44] In 2008, Charest delivered 29 painted interior pages for Weapons of the Metabaron, a spin-off from Alejandro Jodorowsky's The Metabarons series published by Humanoids (original French edition 2008; English 2011). These fully painted sequences, rendered in digital media, illustrated the assembly of the universe's most destructive arsenal, marking a departure from his traditional inking toward a more luminous, textured finish that complemented the epic sci-fi narrative. The pages, comprising nearly half the graphic novel's story, highlighted his versatility in color and composition for a European bande dessinée style.[21]Cover Artwork
Travis Charest's cover artwork is renowned for its intricate line work, dynamic compositions, and ability to convey high-stakes action, making his contributions highly sought after by publishers and collectors alike. Emerging in the 1990s, Charest quickly became a staple cover artist for Image Comics and its Wildstorm imprint, where his illustrations helped define the era's superhero aesthetic with bold, cinematic visuals that emphasized character heroism and epic battles. His covers not only enhanced the visual appeal of issues but also played a key role in attracting readers to team-based titles amid the speculative boom of the time. During the 1990s, Charest delivered several iconic covers for WildC.A.T.s, Image Comics' flagship series co-created by Jim Lee. Notable examples include the cover for WildC.A.T.s #17 (1994), which highlights the team's covert operatives in a tense standoff, and #23 (1995), featuring explosive action sequences that underscored the title's interstellar conflict themes.[52] He also provided the cover for the WildC.A.T.s Special #1 (1993), a one-shot introducing his style to the series with a focus on the team's alien-human alliances.[52] For Gen¹³, another Wildstorm cornerstone, Charest's variant cover for issue #25 (1997) as part of the "New Horizons" promotion combined elements from multiple issues into a puzzle-like design, emphasizing the youthful super team's rebellious energy and boosting collector interest.[53][54] In the 2000s, Charest expanded his portfolio with Dark Horse Comics' Star Wars lineup, contributing covers that blended his signature detail with the franchise's mythic scope. His artwork for Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic #3 (2006) depicts Jedi and Sith in lightsaber duels amid ancient ruins, capturing the prequel-era intrigue. Similarly, the newsstand variant for Star Wars: Legacy #19 (2008) showcases futuristic Skywalker descendants in a galactic war, highlighting Charest's versatility in sci-fi environments.[55] These covers, part of over a dozen Star Wars contributions (including Knights of the Old Republic #25 and Legacy #30), helped elevate the series' visual prestige during Dark Horse's stewardship of the license.[15] Charest's recent work demonstrates his enduring influence, with covers for high-profile 2023–2024 releases. For Image Comics' The Ambassadors #3 (April 2023), his main Cover A illustrates a international superhero selection frenzy, aligning with writer Mark Millar's satirical take on global power dynamics.[29] In September 2023, he provided Cover C for Big Game #3 (Image Comics), portraying a crossover confrontation among Millarworld icons like Kick-Ass and Nemesis, which amplified the issue's multiverse thriller appeal. Extending into 2024, Charest's cover for BRZRKR: Bloodlines Vol. 1 (Boom! Studios, March 2024) features the immortal warrior B. in a mythic, blood-soaked pose, tying into Keanu Reeves' original concept and enhancing the anthology's epic lore.[56] Additionally, his artwork appears on variants for DC Comics' WildC.A.T.s compendium editions released in 2024, including reprints of the 1993 Special, preserving his early contributions in oversized formats for modern audiences.[57]| Title | Issue/Volume | Publisher | Year | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WildC.A.T.s | #17 | Image Comics | 1994 | Emphasized team dynamics in mid-series arc.[52] |
| WildC.A.T.s | #23 | Image Comics | 1995 | Captured explosive action pivotal to 1990s sales surge.[58] |
| WildC.A.T.s Special | #1 | Image Comics | 1993 | Introduced Charest's style to the franchise.[52] |
| Gen¹³ | #25 (Variant) | Image Comics/Wildstorm | 1997 | Puzzle cover innovated promotional variants.[53] |
| Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic | #3 | Dark Horse Comics | 2006 | Blended Charest's detail with Jedi lore.[15] |
| Star Wars: Legacy | #19 (Variant) | Dark Horse Comics | 2008 | Futuristic variant boosted newsstand appeal.[55] |
| The Ambassadors | #3 (Cover A) | Image Comics | 2023 | Visualized global superpower theme.[29] |
| Big Game | #3 (Cover C) | Image Comics | 2023 | Highlighted Millarworld crossover intensity. |
| BRZRKR: Bloodlines | Vol. 1 | Boom! Studios | 2024 | Iconic portrayal of Reeves' anti-hero.[56] |
| WildC.A.T.s Compendium | Variants (incl. Special #1 reprint) | DC Comics | 2024 | Revived 1990s art for contemporary collections.[57] |