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94

94 (ninety-four) is the natural number following and preceding 95. It is an even , with prime factors 2 and 47. In science, 94 is the of the .

Mathematics

Integer properties

94 is the natural number following and preceding 95. In English, it is named "ninety-four" and denoted as the "ninety-fourth" in its ordinal form. The prime factorization of 94 is $94 = 2 \times 47, where both factors are distinct primes, classifying it as a . It is an even with exactly four positive divisors: 1, 2, 47, and 94. The sum of these divisors, denoted \sigma(94), equals 144. As the sum of its proper divisors (excluding 94 itself) is 50, which is less than 94, it is a . The sum of the digits of 94 is $9 + 4 = 13, and its digital root is 4, calculated by further summing $1 + 3 = 4. The square of 94 is $94^2 = 8836. Its square root is \sqrt{94} \approx 9.6953597148327. In Roman numerals, 94 is represented as XCIV. In binary, it is $1011110_2, requiring 7 bits for representation.

Number theory

In number theory, Euler's totient function \phi(n) counts the positive integers up to n that are relatively prime to n. For n=94, \phi(94)=46. This value is computed using the formula \phi(n) = n \prod_{p \mid n} (1 - 1/p), where the product is over the distinct prime factors p of n: \phi(94) = 94 \times \left(1 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \times \left(1 - \frac{1}{47}\right) = 94 \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{46}{47} = 46. The totient function plays a key role in the distribution of coprime integers and applications like RSA cryptography. The aliquot sum s(n), defined as the sum of the proper divisors of n (i.e., \sigma(n) - n, where \sigma(n) is the sum of all divisors of n), equals 50 for n=94. Specifically, \sigma(94)=1+2+47+94=144, so s(94)=144-94=50. The aliquot sequence beginning at 94, generated by iteratively applying the aliquot sum function, proceeds as $94 \to \to \to \to and terminates at 0. Here,s()=1+2+5+10+25=43 (since 50=2\times$5^2), s()=1(43 prime), ands()=0by convention. Such terminating sequences are common for deficient numbers like 94, wheres(n) < n$. As a (product of exactly two primes, $94=2 \times 47), 94 belongs to the sequence of semiprimes in OEIS A001358. It is an even semiprime with exactly two distinct prime factors and represents the smallest even number greater than 92 with this semiprime structure, since 92=2^2 \times 23 has three prime factors counting multiplicity.

Science

Chemistry

(Pu) is a transuranic element with atomic number 94, first synthesized in 1940 and chemically identified on February 23–24, 1941, by , , , and Arthur C. Wahl at the , through deuteron bombardment of followed by chemical separation. As a not found in nature in significant quantities, plutonium plays a critical role in due to its reactivity and isotopic properties that enable applications in production and research. In its metallic form, plutonium appears as a silvery-white, reactive solid that tarnishes rapidly in air due to high affinity for oxygen and moisture, forming a passive layer; it has a of 19.86 /cm³ and a of 640°C, making it one of the more dense and low-melting actinides. Key isotopes include , with a of 24,110 years, which is fissile and central to cycles, and , with a of 87.7 years, valued for its heat generation in radioisotope thermoelectric generators powering missions like Voyager. forms compounds such as plutonium dioxide (PuO₂), a refractory used in mixed (MOX) fuel, where it is blended with to recycle in reactors. Plutonium is produced industrially through successive and starting from in nuclear reactors, resulting in a global of approximately 565 metric tons of separated plutonium as of 2023, with ongoing international efforts to dispose of excess material from weapons programs. Due to its alpha-emitting isotopes, plutonium is highly radiotoxic, posing severe internal hazards if inhaled or ingested, as alpha particles damage tissues over short ranges; handling requires inert atmospheres and gloveboxes to prevent oxidation, dispersion, and exposure. These properties underscore plutonium's dual-edged significance in chemistry, enabling while demanding stringent safety protocols.

Astronomy

In astronomy, the number 94 is associated with several notable objects in catalogs of celestial bodies. The main-belt (94) , discovered on September 6, 1867, by J. C. at the Observatory, orbits at an average distance of 3.15 with a period of 5.61 years and low eccentricity of 0.092. This carbonaceous ( has an estimated mean diameter of 205 km, derived from infrared observations, and rotates with a period of approximately 7.22 hours. Its low of about 0.04 indicates a dark, primitive surface composition rich in carbon compounds. NGC 94 is a faint (morphological type S0) located in the constellation , with an apparent visual magnitude of 14.6 making it challenging for small telescopes. Discovered on November 14, 1884, by French astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan, it lies approximately 270 million light-years away, corresponding to a of 5,875 km/s. The spans about 0.75 by 0.35 arcminutes on the sky, equivalent to roughly 60,000 light-years in diameter, and is part of a loose group that includes nearby NGC 93 and NGC 95, though these associations are primarily based on angular proximity rather than confirmed physical binding. Observations suggest a possible faint companion , PGC 1670567, sharing similar characteristics. Messier 94 (M94, NGC 4736) is a prominent face-on in the constellation , renowned for its bright inner ring of active . Discovered in 1781 by Pierre Méchain and later included in Charles Messier's catalog, it resides about 16 million light-years from Earth and has an of 9.0, visible through telescopes under . The galaxy's disk measures around 30,000 light-years across, though extended faint outer arms may increase this to nearly three times that size; the inner ring, with a of about 5,400 light-years, hosts a starburst region driven by density waves from the galactic core. Notably, M94 exhibits a lower-than-average content compared to similar spirals, as inferred from rotation curve analyses. The designation 94 also appears in historical astronomical catalogs as the sequential number for minor planets, with (94) Aurora being the 94th officially numbered by the following its discovery confirmation. While no major comets are primarily designated as "94" in modern systems, the number has been used in temporary designations for periodic or long-period comets observed in the , such as those in the 1994 apparition listings by the IAU.

Computing

Representations

In computing, the decimal number 94 is represented differently across various numeral systems, with , , and being the most common bases due to their alignment with architectures and addressing. In , 94 is expressed as $1011110_2, which breaks down to $1 \times 2^6 + 0 \times 2^5 + 1 \times 2^4 + 1 \times 2^3 + 1 \times 2^2 + 1 \times 2^1 + 0 \times 2^0 = 64 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 = 94. This representation requires 7 bits, as $2^6 = 64 < 94 < 128 = 2^7, making it the minimum for unsigned without leading zeros. The octal representation of 94 is $136_8, calculated as $1 \times 8^2 + 3 \times 8^1 + 6 \times 8^0 = 64 + 24 + 6 = 94. In hexadecimal, it is $5E_{16}, equivalent to $5 \times 16^1 + 14 \times 16^0 = 80 + 14 = 94. While base-10 remains the standard for human-readable decimal notation, these positional systems facilitate efficient computation; for instance, in higher bases like 47, 94 simplifies to $20_{47} ($2 \times 47 + 0 = 94), though such bases are rarely used in practice. Additionally, in the ASCII character set, the value 94 corresponds to the for the symbol '^', a used in programming for or bitwise XOR operations.

Encodings

In the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) and the international variant ISO/IEC 646, there are 94 graphic non-whitespace characters defined across s 33 to 126 in (or 0x21 to 0x7E in ), comprising printable symbols, , digits, and letters excluding the character at code 32. Within this set, the 94 in (0x5E in ) specifically represents the accent symbol "^". These standards, established in the and , provided a foundational 7-bit encoding for text interchange in early systems. East Asian character encodings, such as those based on ISO/IEC 2022 and the Chinese national standard GB/T 2312-1980, leveraged a 94-cell structure to accommodate CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) ideographs in multi-byte formats during the 1980s and 1990s. For double-byte encodings like GB 2312, characters are arranged in a 94×94 matrix, yielding 8836 possible code points (calculated as $94^2 = 8836), which supported over 6700 simplified Chinese characters plus symbols. Triple-byte extensions in related ISO 2022-compliant systems expanded this to a 94×94×94 structure, providing up to 830,584 code points ($94^3 = 830{,}584) for broader ideograph coverage in environments with limited bandwidth. In the standard, the accent "^" is encoded at U+005E within the Basic Latin block (U+0000 to U+007F), ensuring with ASCII-derived systems. The number 94 also appears as a definitional count in subsets, such as the 94-character graphic set from ISO/IEC 646, which informs mappings for legacy . Historically, the 94 printable characters in 7-bit ASCII sets influenced designs, including the DEC introduced in , which allocated resources for rendering these graphics alongside control sequences in text-based interfaces. This count shaped efficient display protocols for early networked computing, prioritizing the non-whitespace graphics for user interaction.

Other fields

Transportation

Interstate 94 (I-94) is a major east-west in the United States, spanning 1,555.43 miles from its western terminus at an interchange with Interstate 90, U.S. Route 87, and near , to its eastern terminus at the connecting , to , , . The route passes through seven states: , , , , , , and , traversing diverse landscapes including the , the , and urban corridors around , , , and . Construction of I-94 began in the late as part of the broader , with the first segment opening in in 1958; completion varied by state, with 's full four-laning achieved by 1985 and ongoing improvements continuing into the 2010s, such as the reconstruction of the Marquette Interchange in from 2005 to 2008. Designated as a component of High Priority Corridor 18 (the Superhighway), I-94 serves as a critical for freight transportation, handling approximately 8,000 truck trips daily in the area alone and facilitating the movement of goods between Midwestern hubs and borders, including commodities like from Minnesota's to ports. The Saab 94, also known as the Sonett Super Sport, was a limited-production Swedish roadster manufactured by Saab from 1956 to 1957 as an experimental and competition-oriented vehicle. Featuring a lightweight fiberglass body and a transverse-mounted 748 cc three-cylinder two-stroke engine producing 58 horsepower at 5,000 rpm, the Saab 94 was designed for enhanced weight distribution and performance, with only 6 units produced before the project shifted to the Ford V4-powered Sonett II in 1966. It served as a precursor to Saab's later sports car efforts, including the Sonett series that evolved into the Saab 96 sedan line, and gained a reputation for rally prowess, with tuned versions competing successfully in European events due to its agile handling and tuned two-stroke powertrain. Other transportation designations involving the number 94 include the European route E94, a Class A road in Greece connecting Corinth to Athens via the Attiki Odos motorway, primarily serving regional traffic in the Attica region. In public transit, London Bus Route 94 operates as a 24-hour service between Acton Green and Piccadilly Circus, providing urban connectivity across west and central London with a journey time of 29 to 59 minutes.

Culture

The international calling code +94 is assigned to Sri Lanka by the (ITU), with country codes standardized globally in the early 1960s following the ITU's World Plan for the international telephone service agreed upon in 1960 and implemented progressively thereafter. This code has been in use for 's telecommunications network since the country's independence from British rule in 1948, facilitating international dialing to the island nation's fixed and mobile lines. In British media, the number 94 gained cultural notoriety as a satirical device in the fortnightly magazine , where overlong or abruptly ended articles are humorously signed off with "continued on page 94"—a joke referencing the publication's typical 40-50 page length, rendering page 94 nonexistent and emphasizing . This recurring gag, originating in the magazine's early issues from the , has permeated British humor, inspiring the title of 's podcast Page 94, launched in 2015, which explores behind-the-scenes news stories. The number 94 also appears occasionally in as a placeholder for arbitrary or nonsensical references, underscoring its role in evoking triviality or redirection. In sports, jersey number 94 has been worn by notable athletes, including Canadian player , who donned it for 18 seasons with the in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1994 to 2014, becoming synonymous with the number's legacy in the league. In miscellaneous popular culture, particularly in internet and gaming lore, level 94 of —a fictional, infinite maze-like horror concept originating from online forums in 2019—depicts a surreal, grainy-textured town with rolling hills, simplistic houses, and eerie, childlike drawings, often evoking a distorted suburban dreamscape. As disambiguation pointers for historical years, AD 94 falls during the reign of (r. 81–96), marked by his restoration and rededication of the , the Senate's meeting hall in the , following earlier damage. Similarly, 94 BC saw the beginning of Lucius Cornelius Sulla's prominent military career, including his repulsion of Armenian King Tigranes the Great's forces from on behalf of Roman interests.

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