A Man and a Woman
A Man and a Woman (French: Un homme et une femme) is a 1966 French romantic drama film written, directed, and edited by Claude Lelouch, starring Anouk Aimée as a widow and Jean-Louis Trintignant as a widower who meet at their children's boarding school and gradually form a romantic bond while grappling with their past losses.[1][2] The story centers on Anne Gauthier, a script supervisor whose husband died in a racing accident, and Jean-Louis Duroc, a stuntman whose wife died by suicide, as they navigate budding love over a weekend filled with memories and emotional revelations.[3] Lelouch produced the film on a modest budget of approximately 500,000 francs, shooting it in a innovative, semi-improvised style that blends color and black-and-white footage, rapid cuts, and voice-over narration to evoke the characters' inner thoughts.[4] The film's score, composed by Francis Lai with lyrics by Pierre Barouh, features the iconic theme "Chabadabada" (also known as "I Will Wait for You"), which became a global hit and contributed to its emotional resonance.[1] Upon release, A Man and a Woman achieved critical and commercial success, grossing over 4 million tickets in France and ranking as the sixth highest-grossing film of 1966 there, while earning widespread acclaim for its fresh take on romance and innovative cinematography.[4] It won the Palme d'Or (shared with Signore & Signori) at the 1966 Cannes Film Festival.[5] At the 1967 Academy Awards, the film secured two Oscars: Best Foreign Language Film and Best Original Screenplay (shared by Lelouch and Pierre Uytterhoeven).[6][4] It also received the Golden Globe for Best Foreign Language Film.[7] The film's influence endures through its stylistic techniques, which inspired later New Wave and romantic cinema, and it spawned sequels including A Man and a Woman: 20 Years Later (1986) and The Best Years of a Life (2019), reuniting the original stars.[5] In 2025, a restored 4K version was screened at festivals, highlighting its timeless appeal.[6]Plot
Synopsis
Jean-Louis Duroc, a professional race car driver and widower, and Anne Gauthier, a film script supervisor and widow, first encounter each other at the Deauville boarding school where they drop off their young children—his son Antoine and her daughter Françoise—after a weekend visit.[8][9] As they drive back to Paris together, they begin to share glimpses of their lives, bonding tentatively over the shared experience of raising children alone following the deaths of their spouses.[8][9] The narrative unfolds in a non-linear fashion, interweaving present-day events in vibrant color with sepia-toned black-and-white flashbacks that reveal their tragic backstories.[8][9] Flashbacks depict Anne's husband, a stuntman, dying in a fiery accident on a film set during an explosive sequence, leaving her devastated and grappling with lingering grief.[8][9] Similarly, Jean-Louis's memories show his wife Valerie's suicide following a mental breakdown after his near-fatal racing accident, as shown in flashbacks.[9] These interruptions highlight the emotional barriers they face as their attraction grows during repeated weekend trips to the school.[8] In Deauville, their connection deepens through intimate moments, including leisurely walks along the beach and a horseback ride through the scenic Normandy countryside, where playful interactions give way to candid conversations about their losses.[8][9] Jean-Louis invites Anne to join him at the Monte Carlo Rally, where documentary-style footage captures his high-speed races through winding roads, blending the thrill of his profession with their emerging romance.[8] However, Anne's hesitation intensifies; overwhelmed by flashbacks of her late husband, she pulls away emotionally and physically flees to Paris, unable to fully embrace the possibility of new love.[8][9] Determined, Jean-Louis pursues her, racing from Deauville to a Paris train station in a desperate bid to reconcile.[9] Their reunion unfolds with tender embraces and shared laughter, as the color sequences return to affirm their mutual affection, culminating in a joyful affirmation of their relationship amid the film's rhythmic interplay of memory and present.[8][9]Themes
The film A Man and a Woman delves into the profound interplay of grief, memory, and renewal, portraying the protagonists' emotional journeys as they navigate loss toward tentative healing. Both Jean-Louis and Anne grapple with the lingering shadows of their deceased spouses—his through suicide and hers via a fatal accident—where memories frequently intrude upon moments of budding intimacy, underscoring the persistent weight of sorrow.[9] This thematic exploration is visually reinforced through the deliberate alternation between color sequences representing the vibrant present and black-and-white or sepia tones evoking nostalgic flashbacks to the past, symbolizing an emotional progression from mourning to potential rebirth.[10] The interplay of past and present creates an intimate immediacy, allowing grief to evolve into a catalyst for renewal as the characters tentatively embrace new possibilities.[11] Central to the narrative is the tension between romantic idealism and the harsh realities of life, embodied in the protagonists' fragile relationship as a metaphor for second chances after profound loss. Their connection unfolds with subtle, organic gestures—such as a hand on a chair or a shared gaze—highlighting an idealized vision of mature love that contrasts with the intrusive realities of death and separation, including the dangers of Jean-Louis's racing career.[11] Motifs like cars symbolize the accelerating pace of life and male-driven momentum, propelling the story forward while evoking risk and transience, whereas beaches represent moments of tranquility and emotional release, transforming from a cold, isolating setting to one of warming connection, as seen in their Deauville encounter.[9] These elements underscore the film's portrayal of love as a delicate balance between aspirational hope and grounded impermanence.[10] In the context of 1960s France, the film subtly examines gender dynamics through Anne's portrayal as an independent working widow, a script supervisor whose professional autonomy and emotional resilience challenge traditional expectations of female passivity and domesticity. Her circuitous, memory-laden perspective contrasts with Jean-Louis's linear, action-oriented masculinity, reflecting broader societal shifts toward gender equality amid post-war modernization, yet her internal conflict—reconciling new affection with loyalty to her late husband—highlights the lingering tensions of evolving roles for women.[9] This depiction positions Anne as a figure of quiet empowerment, navigating love and career without conforming to conventional subservience.[11]Cast
Principal cast
Anouk Aimée stars as Anne Gauthier, a film script supervisor who is a widow and single mother to a young daughter attending boarding school. Her performance captures the character's vulnerability through subtle facial expressions that convey longing, hesitation, and underlying sadness, blending sensuous allure with emotional fragility.[12][13][14] Jean-Louis Trintignant portrays Jean-Louis Duroc, a race car driver who is a widower and single father to a young son. Trintignant's restrained acting highlights the character's subtle emotional range, balancing quiet magnetism with moments of insecurity in navigating new romance.[15][11][16] Among the supporting principal roles, Pierre Barouh plays Pierre Gauthier, Anne's deceased husband and a stuntman, appearing in flashbacks as a charismatic figure who sings to her.[14][17] Valérie Lagrange depicts Valérie Duroc, Jean-Louis's late wife whose suicide haunts him, shown briefly in evocative flashback scenes.[18][19]Supporting roles
The children of the protagonists play pivotal roles in initiating the central romance, as their shared attendance at a boarding school prompts the initial encounter between Anne and Jean-Louis. Antoine Sire portrays Antoine Duroc, Jean-Louis's young son, whose presence underscores the widower's paternal responsibilities and emotional vulnerability.[20] Souad Amidou appears as Françoise Gauthier, Anne's daughter, contributing to scenes that emphasize familial continuity amid grief.[20] Among the minor adult characters, Henri Chemin serves as Jean-Louis's co-pilot, a colleague whose brief involvement highlights the high-stakes world of professional racing without diverting from the emotional core.[20] Several uncredited or fleeting appearances further enrich the family dynamics and everyday texture of the story, such as Simone Paris as the director of the children's pension, who facilitates parental interactions at the school.[20] Rally drivers like Gérard Larrousse and Clive Roberts appear in racing sequences, accentuating Jean-Louis's professional life and the film's rhythmic interplay of speed and introspection, all while maintaining focus on the leads.[20]Production
Development
The development of A Man and a Woman (Un homme et une femme) stemmed from Claude Lelouch's desire to rebound from the commercial failure of his previous film, Les Grands moments (1965), which had left him in financial and creative distress.[21] On September 13, 1965, while walking along Deauville beach in Normandy, Lelouch envisioned the story after spotting a distant woman accompanied by a child, inspiring the narrative of two widowed individuals drawn together by shared loss and tentative romance.[22] This autobiographical inflection drew from Lelouch's own experiences of personal doubt and renewal, transforming his setbacks into a tale of emotional redemption.[21] Lelouch co-wrote the screenplay with Pierre Uytterhoeven, creating a concise initial draft that prioritized emotional spontaneity over rigid structure. The outline encouraged improvisation during shooting, allowing actors to shape dialogue and interactions organically while adhering to core themes of memory and rediscovered love.[23] This collaborative approach, blending scripted beats with on-the-fly creativity, reflected Lelouch's innovative style amid resource constraints. Financed independently through Lelouch's production company, Les Films 13, the project operated on a modest low-budget scale, estimated at around 500,000 French francs, enabling a skeleton crew and guerrilla-style preparation that emphasized naturalism and efficiency.[14] This self-financed model underscored the film's origins as an intimate, risk-taking endeavor outside mainstream studio support.[24]Casting
Claude Lelouch selected Anouk Aimée for the role of Anne Gauthier, citing her elegance and cool sophistication as ideal for capturing the character's emotional depth and grace.[25] This casting decision marked a pivotal moment in Aimée's career, transitioning her toward more introspective romantic leads following her work in Federico Fellini's films.[13] Jean-Louis Trintignant was brought on board after his wife, director Nadine Trintignant, recommended Lelouch's prior film To Be a Crook (1965), believing its style would appeal to him; Trintignant met with Lelouch and accepted the role of Jean-Louis Duroc, the widower race car driver.[26] An amateur racer himself, Trintignant initially hesitated due to his preference for authentic driving experiences over scripted scenes but was persuaded by Lelouch's vision; he performed all racing sequences personally, without a stunt double, enhancing the film's realism.[27] The production faced challenges in assembling the cast, with limited rehearsal time to foster natural chemistry between the leads, emphasizing improvisation to achieve authenticity in their interactions.[28] For the child roles of Antoine and Nelly, Lelouch cast non-professional actors from local Deauville families to ground the story in everyday realism, avoiding polished performances that might disrupt the intimate tone.[29]Filming
The principal filming locations for A Man and a Woman were centered in Normandy, including the beaches and resort town of Deauville for key romantic and seaside sequences, as well as Mont Saint-Michel for scenic exteriors that captured the region's dramatic landscapes.[30] Interiors were shot in Paris, emphasizing urban intimacy, while high-speed racing scenes featuring Jean-Louis Trintignant's character were captured at the Autodrome de Linas-Montlhéry near Paris.[31] These on-location choices contributed to the film's naturalistic tone, with many scenes filmed without permits, such as dawn beach sequences in Deauville to avoid crowds and enhance spontaneity.[29] Director Claude Lelouch served as his own cinematographer, employing a handheld Éclair Cameflex CM3 camera equipped with an Angénieux 25-250mm zoom lens to achieve fluid, intimate shots that evoked a documentary aesthetic amid the fictional narrative.[32] The production innovated by mixing 35mm and 16mm film stocks—along with elements of Super 8—to blend polished dramatic sequences with raw, verité-style flashbacks, pioneering a visual language that blurred the lines between reality and romance.[33] This approach was supported by a rapid shooting schedule spanning late 1965 into early 1966, completed in approximately three weeks on a low budget with minimal lighting and equipment for unscripted mobility.[34] Lelouch's directorial style emphasized improvisation to foster authenticity, particularly in dialogue, where actors like Anouk Aimée and Trintignant often deviated from the script to deliver natural performances; the film's climactic reunion scene at Paris's Gare Saint-Lazare was entirely unscripted, relying on the leads' spontaneous reactions for emotional depth.[35] The small, largely non-professional crew—comprising friends and collaborators rather than a large union team—allowed for this agile, guerrilla-like process, mirroring the French New Wave's ethos while infusing the story with a fresh, hybrid documentary-fiction feel.[29] Trintignant, a licensed race car driver, performed his own stunt driving at the Autodrome, adding realism to the adrenaline-fueled sequences.[26]Release
Premiere
A Man and a Woman had its world premiere at the 1966 Cannes Film Festival on May 10, where it competed in the main competition section and shared the Grand Prix du XXème Anniversaire du Festival International du Film (equivalent to the Palme d'Or that year) with Pietro Germi's Signore & Signori.[36][37] Following its festival debut, the film received its initial French theatrical release on May 27, 1966, distributed by Les Films 13, the production company founded by director Claude Lelouch.[38] Marketing efforts featured minimalist posters that highlighted the central romance through simple imagery of the leads embracing or driving along the coast, capitalizing on the film's intimate narrative.[39] The Cannes buzz, including its top award win, fueled significant word-of-mouth promotion ahead of wider screenings.[36]Distribution and box office
The film premiered in France on May 27, 1966, where it quickly became a commercial success, attracting over 2.7 million admissions in its first year and ultimately totaling 4,269,209 admissions domestically. This performance ranked it as the third highest-grossing French film of 1966, with estimated domestic earnings around 4.5 million francs.[40] Internationally, A Man and a Woman was distributed by Allied Artists Pictures in the United States, receiving a wide release on July 12, 1966. It grossed $14 million in the U.S. market during its initial run, contributing to a worldwide total of approximately $18.7 million (equivalent to about $150 million in 2023 dollars adjusted for inflation).[41] In the 2020s, a 4K restoration of the film led to renewed theatrical re-releases starting in April 2025 and increased availability on streaming platforms such as Netflix, broadening access to global audiences.[42][43]Reception
Initial critical response
Upon its release in 1966, A Man and a Woman received widespread praise for its emotional freshness and innovative stylistic approach, particularly from European critics who celebrated director Claude Lelouch's lyrical reinvention of a classic romance narrative. French reviewers lauded the film's instinctive rhythm, youthful energy, and freedom from clichés, with Le Monde describing it as a "very beautiful film" that captures the natural movement of life through scenes of intimate happiness, such as those set in restaurants, on boats, and at the beach.[44] Variety echoed this acclaim, calling the work a "poetic triumph" sustained by Lelouch's unfettered joy in filming, a constantly roving camera, and the charming performances of leads Anouk Aimée and Jean-Louis Trintignant, which infused the story with genuine emotion.[45] In the United States, responses were more mixed, with some critics appreciating the film's visual poetry and romantic glow while faulting its sentimental tone and thin plotting. Bosley Crowther of The New York Times commended the camerawork and musical score for creating a "certain glow of poetry," yet dismissed the drama as "banal" and "commonplace," portraying the central love story as a superficial depiction of spontaneous romance between a widow and a widower.[46] Similarly, Pauline Kael offered a lukewarm assessment in her review, dubbing it "probably the most efficacious make-out movie of the swinging '60s," implying a manipulative sentimentality designed more for emotional indulgence than depth.[47] These U.S. critiques often highlighted perceived pacing issues and overreliance on saccharine elements, contrasting sharply with the European enthusiasm for Lelouch's direction as a bold, modern stylistic experiment.Accolades
A Man and a Woman premiered to critical acclaim at the 1966 Cannes Film Festival, where it shared the Palme d'Or with Pietro Germi's The Birds, the Bees and the Italians, marking an early international triumph for director Claude Lelouch and highlighting the film's innovative blend of narrative and visual style.[48][23] The following year, at the 39th Academy Awards, the film achieved a significant breakthrough for French cinema adjacent to the New Wave movement by securing two Oscars: Best Foreign Language Film and Best Original Screenplay (shared by Lelouch and Pierre Uytterhoeven), while earning a nomination for Best Director for Lelouch.[49] This recognition underscored the film's emotional depth and technical innovation, elevating its global profile. At the 24th Golden Globe Awards in 1967, Anouk Aimée won Best Actress in a Drama for her portrayal of Anne Gauthier, and the film itself took home Best Foreign Language Film, with additional nominations for Best Director (Lelouch) and Best Original Score (Francis Lai).[50] These honors further affirmed the performances and music's impact. The 21st British Academy Film Awards in 1968 awarded Aimée the Best Foreign Actress prize, recognizing her nuanced depiction of grief and romance, while the film was nominated for Best Film from Any Source.[51] Overall, A Man and a Woman garnered 7 major wins and 4 nominations from prestigious international bodies, cementing its status as a landmark of 1960s European filmmaking.[7]| Award Body | Year | Category | Result | Recipient(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannes Film Festival | 1966 | Palme d'Or | Won (shared) | Claude Lelouch |
| Academy Awards | 1967 | Best Foreign Language Film | Won | Claude Lelouch (for France) |
| Academy Awards | 1967 | Best Original Screenplay | Won | Claude Lelouch, Pierre Uytterhoeven |
| Academy Awards | 1967 | Best Director | Nominated | Claude Lelouch |
| Blue Ribbon Awards | 1967 | Best Foreign Language Film | Won | Claude Lelouch |
| Golden Globe Awards | 1967 | Best Foreign Language Film | Won | - |
| Golden Globe Awards | 1967 | Best Actress – Drama | Won | Anouk Aimée |
| Golden Globe Awards | 1967 | Best Director | Nominated | Claude Lelouch |
| Golden Globe Awards | 1967 | Best Original Score | Nominated | Francis Lai |
| BAFTA Awards | 1968 | Best Foreign Actress | Won | Anouk Aimée |
| BAFTA Awards | 1968 | Best Film from Any Source | Nominated | Claude Lelouch |
Long-term legacy
In the 21st century, A Man and a Woman has undergone significant critical reevaluation, with scholars and reviewers highlighting its pioneering influence on romantic cinema through innovative storytelling techniques that blend emotional intimacy with visual experimentation. Contemporary analyses praise the film's non-linear structure, use of color and black-and-white sequences to distinguish memory from reality, and its intimate voiceover narration as foundational elements that shaped subsequent romantic dramas, emphasizing vulnerability and second chances in love. As of November 2025, the film holds a 75% Tomatometer score on Rotten Tomatoes based on 16 critic reviews, reflecting this enduring acclaim for its fresh approach to genre conventions.[2][33] The film's preservation efforts underscore its status as a cornerstone of French cinematic heritage. In 2016, for its 50th anniversary, a digitally restored version was released in theaters across France, enhancing the original's visual clarity and allowing new generations to experience its subtle cinematography. More recently, in 2025, a further 4K restoration was completed by Éclair Group and L.E. Diapason, supported by the Centre national du cinéma et de l'image animée (CNC), France's national film preservation authority, and screened as a tribute at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival, ensuring the film's long-term accessibility and cultural safeguarding.[52][4] Academically, A Man and a Woman is frequently studied for its narrative innovations, which challenged traditional linear storytelling in romantic films by integrating fragmented flashbacks and multilingual dialogue to explore grief and reconnection. Recent 2020s scholarship has also introduced feminist perspectives on Anouk Aimée's portrayal of Anne Gauthier, reinterpreting her character as a symbol of resilient female agency amid widowhood and societal expectations, filling interpretive gaps in earlier analyses by emphasizing the film's subtle subversion of gender norms in post-war French society. Building on its initial critical and commercial success in the 1960s, these modern readings affirm the film's timeless relevance in film studies curricula.[13][53]Music
Original score
The original score for A Man and a Woman was composed by Francis Lai, a French accordionist and pianist whose third film assignment this was, with lyrics provided by Pierre Barouh.[54][55] The central theme, known as "Chabadabada" (also titled "I Will Wait for You" in English versions), serves as a recurring leitmotif that encapsulates the film's budding romance between the protagonists, its onomatopoeic scat-like vocals evoking playful intimacy.[56] Sung by Barouh and Nicole Croisille, the motif's simple, lyrical melody became emblematic of Lai's romantic style, blending vulnerability with optimism to mirror the characters' emotional tentative steps toward reconnection.[57] Lai's score draws on a jazz-infused aesthetic, incorporating bossa nova rhythms, accordion leads, and subtle organ lines to create a light, evocative soundscape that prioritizes emotional nuance over bombast.[58] Composed and recorded in 1965 ahead of the film's 1966 release, it employs minimal orchestration—featuring sparse ensembles with wordless vocals and improvisational elements—to foster a sense of personal intimacy, aligning with director Claude Lelouch's intimate, handheld visual style.[59] This approach allows the music to feel organic and unobtrusive, enhancing the story's focus on quiet revelations rather than grand gestures. Throughout the film, the score integrates seamlessly to underscore emotional shifts, with the leitmotif swelling during moments of romantic tension, such as tentative encounters on the beach. Diegetic songs, including vocal performances by Barouh, appear during car rides, blending into the narrative as if emanating from the characters' shared space and heightening their spontaneous connection.[57] This contrapuntal use of music—mixing source sounds with underlying themes—amplifies the protagonists' inner turmoil and joy without overpowering the dialogue or visuals.Soundtrack release
The original soundtrack album for A Man and a Woman, composed by Francis Lai, was released as a vinyl LP in 1966 by United Artists Records.[60] In the United States, it reached No. 10 on the Billboard 200 chart and spent 26 weeks on the listing.[61][62] The album achieved gold record status, signifying substantial commercial success.[63] Subsequent reissues expanded the album's availability across formats. A CD edition appeared in the 1990s, followed by digital releases on platforms like Spotify in the 2010s. These efforts have sustained the soundtrack's popularity, with Lai's overall film scores selling more than 20 million copies worldwide.[64] The score was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Original Score in 1967.[7]Track listing
The soundtrack for A Man and a Woman was originally released as a 9-track LP in 1966 by Disc'Az in France, featuring Francis Lai's compositions with orchestral arrangements and vocal performances primarily by Pierre Barouh and Nicole Croisille, alongside contributions from Baden Powell on guitar for select tracks.[65] Lai himself performs on piano throughout. Key vocal tracks include "Aujourd'hui c'est toi" (translated as "Today It's You"), sung by Barouh, which underscores moments of romantic reflection in the film.[66] The track listing for the original French LP (Disc'Az LPS 7) is as follows:| Side | Track | Title | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1 | Un homme et une femme (Orchestre) | 2:40 | Instrumental theme; English title: "A Man and a Woman (Orch.)" |
| A | 2 | Samba Saravah (Chant) | 4:30 | Vocal; performed by Pierre Barouh with Baden Powell and orchestra; lyrics by Barouh and Vinícius de Moraes |
| A | 3 | Aujourd'hui c'est toi (Chant) | 2:06 | Vocal; performed by Nicole Croisille; English title: "Today It's You (Vocal)" |
| A | 4 | Un homme et une femme (Chant) | 2:37 | Vocal theme; performed by Pierre Barouh and Nicole Croisille; English title: "A Man and a Woman (Vocal)" |
| A | 5 | Plus fort que nous (Orchestre) | 3:15 | Instrumental; English title: "Stronger Than Us (Orch.)" |
| B | 1 | Aujourd'hui c'est toi (Orchestre) | 2:35 | Instrumental version; English title: "Today It's You (Orch.)" |
| B | 2 | À l'ombre de nous (Chant) | 4:55 | Vocal; performed by Pierre Barouh; English title: "In Our Shadow (Vocal)" |
| B | 3 | Plus fort que nous (Chant) | 3:43 | Vocal; performed by Pierre Barouh and Nicole Croisille; English title: "Stronger Than Us (Vocal)" |
| B | 4 | À 200 à l'heure (Orchestre) | 2:30 | Instrumental; depicts high-speed driving scenes; English title: "124 Miles an Hour (Orch.)" |