Carter's
Carter's, Inc. is an American multinational corporation specializing in the design, sourcing, and marketing of apparel and related products exclusively for babies and young children.[1] Founded in 1865 by William Carter in Needham, Massachusetts, the company has grown to become the largest branded marketer of such items in North America, serving a broad consumer base through its flagship Carter's brand, which emphasizes high-quality, affordable clothing for children from newborn to seven years old.[2] The company operates under multiple well-known brands, including OshKosh B'gosh for playful children's wear, Skip Hop as a global lifestyle brand for baby gear and accessories, and licensed lines such as Child of Mine for Walmart, Just One You for Target, Simple Joys for Amazon, and Little Planet focused on organic and sustainable materials.[1] Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, Carter's reaches customers via over 1,000 company-operated stores across the United States, Canada, and Mexico, as well as through wholesale partnerships with major retailers and direct-to-consumer online platforms.[1] With approximately 15,500 employees, the firm maintains a strong commitment to sustainability initiatives and community support, positioning it as a leader in the children's apparel industry amid evolving consumer demands for ethical and accessible products.[3]Company Overview
Founding and Early Mission
Carter's, originally known as the William Carter Company, was founded in 1865 by William Carter in Needham, Massachusetts.[4][5] The company started as a family-run operation leveraging Carter's background in hand-loom knitting from his English heritage, establishing a small mill focused on textile production.[4] Initially, it manufactured durable cotton goods such as bibs and undergarments for infants, capitalizing on the burgeoning demand for practical children's apparel in post-Civil War America.[6] The early mission centered on delivering affordable, high-quality clothing for babies and young children, prioritizing durability, comfort, and value to meet the needs of growing families.[5] This approach aligned with the rapid expansion of New England's textile industry following the Civil War, where innovations in manufacturing enabled accessible essentials for everyday use.[4] By emphasizing practical designs over luxury, the company positioned itself as a trusted provider of infant necessities, setting it apart from competitors focused primarily on adult garments.[6] These developments propelled the business from a modest local mill to a regional supplier by the early 1900s, building a foundation for sustained growth in the children's apparel sector.[5]Corporate Structure and Leadership
Carter's, Inc. was incorporated in Georgia on December 28, 1990, following its acquisition by Investcorp in 1985, which marked a significant shift in ownership from previous parent company Interco Incorporated. The company went public on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol CRI on October 29, 2003, through an initial public offering priced at $18 per share, raising approximately $118.8 million.[7] As a holding company, Carter's, Inc. oversees a network of subsidiaries that manage its core brands and operations, including The William Carter Company (incorporated in Massachusetts), OshKosh B'gosh, Inc. (incorporated in Delaware), and Carter's Retail, Inc. (incorporated in Georgia). This structure allows for brand-specific management while centralizing strategic oversight at the parent level; for instance, the 2005 acquisition of OshKosh B'gosh expanded the subsidiary portfolio and integrated additional manufacturing and retail capabilities. The board of directors, composed of 11 members as of 2025, includes a mix of independent directors and company executives, with William J. Montgoris serving as Non-Executive Chairman and Lead Director. Governance practices emphasize ethical standards, risk management, and shareholder alignment, guided by the company's Corporate Governance Principles, which require annual evaluations and majority voting for uncontested director elections.[8][9][10][11] The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, chaired by Montgoris and comprising independent directors such as Stacey S. Rauch and Hali Borenstein, plays a key role in director nominations, corporate governance, and oversight of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) initiatives, including sustainability efforts like supply chain transparency and ethical sourcing.[12][13][14] Douglas C. Palladini has served as Chief Executive Officer and President since April 3, 2025, when he joined the company and was appointed to the board; prior to this, he was the founder and Managing Partner of Elevate Ventures, a consumer-focused investment firm, and from 2018 to 2023, he led Vans as President at VF Corporation, overseeing a portfolio turnaround and global expansion.[15][17] Other key executives include Richard F. Westenberger, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since January 2025, who joined Carter's in 2009 and previously held finance roles at Berkshire Partners; and Karen G. Smith, Executive Vice President, Supply Chain since 2022, responsible for global logistics and vendor relations after prior experience at Kontoor Brands.[18][19][17][20] Carter's employed approximately 20,900 people as of 2017, but by the end of fiscal 2024, the workforce had decreased to 15,350 amid operational efficiencies and e-commerce shifts. In October 2025, the company announced a restructuring plan involving the closure of 150 stores and a 15% reduction in office-based staff to address tariff impacts and streamline costs, reducing the corporate workforce by approximately 15%, or about 300 positions, with store closures planned over the next three years.[21][22][23] Diversity and inclusion initiatives, formalized in the company's first Corporate Social Responsibility Report in 2020, focus on increasing representation of underrepresented groups in leadership, with programs including employee resource groups, bias training, and goals for diverse hiring that raised senior leadership diversity from 13% to 23% between 2020 and 2023.[24][25][26]Historical Development
Origins and Expansion (1865–1990)
Following its establishment in 1865, the William Carter Company experienced steady post-founding expansion as demand for children's apparel grew in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By 1900, the company had diversified its production to include over 1,000 items, such as layette sets, bonnets, and gowns, transitioning from initial hand-stitched infant garments to a broader range of children's wear. This growth was supported by the family's commitment to quality textiles, with operations centered in Needham, Massachusetts.[27] Key events marked the company's resilience and innovation through economic and global challenges. In the 1930s, Carter's introduced its first branded children's clothing lines for infant wear, which helped differentiate the brand in a competitive market through advertising in magazines and catalogs.[28] The Great Depression posed significant threats to the textile industry, but Carter's weathered the crisis by emphasizing cost-efficient manufacturing processes, such as streamlined production lines and bulk fabric sourcing, allowing it to maintain output while many competitors faltered. Post-World War II, the company capitalized on the baby boom era, contributing to a surge in sales during the economic expansion of the time.[29] The company remained under family ownership across multiple generations of the Carter family, with leadership passing from William Carter to his descendants, including William Henry Carter, who served as president from 1918 until his death in 1955. This continuity fostered a focus on infant and toddler apparel, positioning Carter's as a trusted name in the sector. By the 1980s, Carter's had achieved dominance in the infant apparel market, capturing a significant share of U.S. sales through widespread distribution in department stores and catalogs, reflecting the brand's established reputation for quality and affordability. In 1988, the Carter family sold the business to Wesray Capital Corporation, ending over a century of private family control. In 1996, it was acquired by Investcorp for $208 million, ushering in a new era of corporate ownership.[27][30][31][6]Acquisitions and Modern Growth (1990–2010)
In 1996, Investcorp acquired the company for $208 million, marking the beginning of a new era focused on expansion and modernization.[31] This transition facilitated strategic shifts, including the relocation of headquarters to Atlanta, Georgia, in the early 1990s to centralize operations and leverage the region's business environment. By the early 2000s, the company prepared for public markets, culminating in an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange in October 2003 under the ticker CRI, which raised approximately $119 million to reduce debt and fund growth initiatives.[32] A pivotal moment came in 2005 when Carter's acquired OshKosh B'Gosh, Inc., for $312 million in cash, integrating the iconic denim and playwear brand into its portfolio.[9] This deal, completed in July 2005, combined Carter's expertise in infant apparel with OshKosh's strengths in toddler playclothes, creating synergies in manufacturing, distribution, and retail. The acquisition significantly enhanced Carter's competitive position, elevating its market share in the U.S. infant and young children's apparel sector to approximately 10%, solidifying its leadership in a fragmented market.[33] Complementing these moves, Carter's expanded through targeted partnerships and product extensions. In 2001, the company launched the "Just One You" line exclusively for Target Corporation, offering affordable, high-quality baby clothing and accessories that broadened accessibility to mass-market consumers.[34] Additionally, starting in the early 2000s, Carter's entered international licensing agreements, enabling brand distribution in over 20 countries and generating initial royalty income streams, with international licensing revenue reaching $36.4 million by 2009.[35] These strategies drove robust growth, with net sales increasing from about $471 million in fiscal 2000 to $1.7 billion by fiscal 2010, more than tripling revenue through a mix of organic expansion and acquisitions.[36] Key to this was the proliferation of retail stores, growing to nearly 400 locations by 2008, including both Carter's and OshKosh outlets, which enhanced direct-to-consumer sales and brand visibility.[37] This period transformed Carter's into a multi-brand powerhouse, emphasizing diversified channels and innovation in children's apparel.[38]Recent Milestones (2011–present)
In 2012, Carter's invested approximately $50 million to open a one-million-square-foot multichannel distribution center in Braselton, Georgia, designed to support the company's expanding e-commerce, retail, and wholesale operations amid growing online sales demand.[39][40] This facility created over 600 full-time jobs and enhanced logistics efficiency for the company's U.S. distribution network.[41] By 2015, Carter's enhanced its direct-to-consumer e-commerce platform, contributing to a robust 25% year-over-year growth in online sales, marking the highest increase among multichannel children's apparel retailers at the time.[42] This digital shift strengthened the company's omnichannel presence, with e-commerce representing a growing portion of overall revenue. In 2017, Carter's expanded its product portfolio through the acquisition of Skip Hop Holdings for $140 million in cash, plus up to $10 million in potential earnout payments, integrating innovative juvenile products such as diaper bags and developmental toys into its offerings.[43][44] The deal was immediately accretive to earnings and broadened Carter's appeal in the lifestyle segment for parents.[39] In 2020, Carter's committed to sourcing 100% sustainable cotton and polyester fibers by 2030, initiating broader adoption of eco-friendly fabrics through participation in the Better Cotton Initiative and increased use of organic and recycled materials in its apparel lines.[25][45] This sustainability push aligned with consumer demand for environmentally responsible children's clothing, laying the foundation for subsequent progress, including over 40% sustainable cotton usage by 2023.[46] However, the company faced a product safety challenge in 2022 when it recalled approximately 50,800 units of infant yellow footed fleece pajamas due to puncture and laceration hazards from small metal wires embedded in the fabric; the affected items, sold from July to September 2022, prompted refunds and enhanced quality controls.[47] In October 2025, amid escalating tariff pressures, Carter's announced plans to close about 150 underperforming stores across North America by the end of 2026 and reduce its office-based workforce by 15%, affecting roughly 300 positions, as part of a broader restructuring to improve profitability.[48][49] This followed a sharp 80% decline in third-quarter net income to $11.6 million, driven by higher input costs and flat sales of $758 million, underscoring ongoing challenges in the retail environment.[50]Brands and Products
Primary Brands
Carter's, Inc. operates several primary brands focused on apparel, accessories, and related products for infants and young children, each tailored to specific market segments and retail partnerships. The company's flagship Carter's brand, established in 1865, offers a core lineup of infant and toddler apparel, including bodysuits, pajamas, and sleepwear designed for everyday comfort and practicality.[51] This brand emphasizes innovative, feature-focused clothing and accessories that have built trust among parents and caregivers over nearly 160 years.[51] OshKosh B'gosh, acquired by Carter's in 2005, specializes in rugged playwear for children ages 0 to 10, featuring durable overalls, denim pieces, and casual outfits suited for active lifestyles.[9] Rooted in American heritage, the brand combines nostalgic denim aesthetics with modern styling to appeal to families seeking resilient, cool designs for play and exploration.[51] In 2017, Carter's acquired Skip Hop, a lifestyle brand targeting newborns to preschoolers with modern, stylish accessories such as backpacks, bibs, and developmental toys that support early growth stages.[52] Skip Hop's products are award-winning essentials designed to "grow with baby," prioritizing functionality and contemporary appeal for busy parents.[51] Among its other owned brands, Child of Mine serves as an exclusive line for Walmart, providing heartwarming infant and toddler essentials like sleepwear, bedding, décor, toys, and accessories launched in 2003 to meet affordable family needs.[53] For Target, Carter's offers Just One You, a high-quality line of infant and toddler clothing, bedding, and accessories since 2001; Precious Firsts, focusing on infant basics like bodysuits and sleepwear; and Genuine Kids, school-ready apparel derived from OshKosh since 2003.[1] Simple Joys provides affordable, everyday basics exclusively for Amazon.[1]Product Lines and Innovations
Carter's product lines primarily encompass infant layettes for newborns and babies aged 0 to 12 months, featuring soft essentials such as bodysuits, sleepers, and blankets made from breathable cotton blends.[54] For toddlers aged 1 to 4 years, the offerings include durable playwear like joggers, graphic tees, and coordinated outfits designed for active daily use.[55] Extending to young children's apparel up to age 10, the collections provide versatile playwear including shirts, pants, and outerwear suitable for school and casual settings. Seasonal lines, such as holiday-themed pajamas with festive prints and fabrics, complement these core categories to address specific occasions throughout the year.[56] A key innovation in Carter's sleepwear dates to the 1970s, when federal regulations prompted the development of flame-retardant options for children's pajamas to meet safety standards following the ban on toxic chemical treatments like TRIS.[57] In 2000, Carter's introduced a flame-resistant cotton sleepwear line using PROBAN chemical treatment for loose-fitting garments.[58] By 2015, the company had transitioned to chemical-free methods, with all cotton sleepwear meeting rigorous flammability tests through tight-fitting designs and natural fabric weaves, while polyester options are inherently flame-resistant.[59] In 2018, Carter's expanded its organic cotton initiatives through the Little Planet line, significantly increasing sourcing to 163,000 kg from 62,000 kg the prior year, integrating certified organic fabrics into a growing share of infant and toddler apparel to reduce environmental impact and promote hypoallergenic options.[60] These organic lines now represent a dedicated portion of the product portfolio, emphasizing GOTS-certified materials for items like pajamas and bodysuits.[59] Accessory expansions via the Skip Hop brand include practical items such as insulated bottles and bags for maintaining temperature during outings, alongside activity gyms and playmats that feature interactive elements to support early development.[61] Exclusive collaborations, notably with Disney since around 2010, have introduced themed apparel lines incorporating characters from franchises like Frozen and Encanto into everyday wear such as t-shirts and swimwear.[62] Carter's employs proprietary sizing standards based on height and weight growth charts to ensure garments offer adjustable fit and longevity, allowing pieces to accommodate developmental stages without frequent replacements—for instance, a 6-month size typically fits babies from 12.5 to 17 pounds and 24 to 27 inches.[63] This measurement-driven approach, distinct from age-based labeling alone, promotes better fit across diverse body types. OshKosh, within the portfolio, focuses on denim playwear with reinforced stitching for extended wear.[64] In July 2025, Carter's launched Otter Avenue, a new toddler-focused brand designed to inspire confidence and creativity through playful, durable apparel for ages 2 to 5. The company also introduced PurelySoft™ fabric innovation in its Spring-Summer 2025 collections, offering ultra-soft, sustainable materials for enhanced comfort.[65][66]Business Operations
Sales Channels and Retail Presence
Carter's distributes its products through a multi-channel approach, encompassing company-operated retail stores, wholesale partnerships, direct e-commerce, and international licensing agreements. The company's retail presence is primarily concentrated in North America, with 1,065 company-operated stores across the United States (808), Canada (192), and Mexico (65) as of the end of fiscal 2025 Q3.[50] This footprint includes a mix of mall-based, strip-center, and outlet locations, with outlet malls forming a significant portion of the portfolio to offer value-oriented shopping experiences.[67] In the wholesale segment, Carter's supplies major retailers such as Walmart, Target, and Amazon, reaching approximately 19,500 doors in the U.S. alone. Exclusive brand lines, including Child of Mine for Walmart, Just One You for Target, and Simple Joys for Amazon, are a key part of the U.S. Wholesale segment, which represented 37% of total revenue in fiscal 2025 Q3.[68][69][50] Direct-to-consumer sales are facilitated through e-commerce platforms at carters.com and oshkosh.com, which are integrated with the U.S. Retail segment and contribute to the overall direct-to-consumer channel representing approximately 48% of net sales as of Q3 fiscal 2025.[69][50] These online channels support omnichannel fulfillment, such as in-store pickup and same-day delivery from retail locations. Internationally, Carter's expands via approximately 39 licensees operating in over 90 countries as of fiscal 2023, generating about 15% of revenue through these partnerships as of Q3 fiscal 2025 without direct store operations outside North America.[70][71][50] Carter's store strategy emphasizes experiential retail to engage families, incorporating features like interactive play zones, toddler playhouses, and community event spaces in select locations, including its flagship store in Atlanta. Amid economic pressures including tariffs, the company announced in 2025 a plan to close approximately 150 underperforming North American stores over the next three years—primarily at lease expirations—to optimize profitability, with around 100 closures targeted for fiscal years 2025 and 2026.[72][73][74]Supply Chain and Manufacturing
Carter's, Inc. primarily relies on third-party manufacturers for its production needs, with the majority of its products sourced internationally. In fiscal year 2024, approximately 75% of the company's products were sourced from Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh, and India, reflecting a heavy dependence on Asian manufacturing hubs.[75] The company maintains sourcing offices in Cambodia, Vietnam, China, and Bangladesh to oversee these operations, ensuring coordination with a network of Tier 1 suppliers.[76] While Carter's does not operate its own manufacturing facilities on a large scale, it has historically explored limited vertical integration, though the vast majority of production occurs through external partners across 19 countries, with over 70% concentrated in Asia as of 2022.[77] To uphold ethical standards in its supply chain, Carter's adopted a Vendor Code of Ethics that mandates vendors to adhere to legal and ethical business practices, including fair labor conditions and environmental responsibility.[78] This code, formalized in the mid-2000s, forms the basis of the company's supplier onboarding process, which includes rigorous vetting and social compliance audits conducted by third-party organizations.[79] In 2024, Carter's reported that all but one of its active Tier 1 suppliers passed compliance audits for key labor standards, such as no child labor or forced labor violations, through ongoing monitoring programs like the Ungal Kural Worker Helpline and participation in initiatives for women's equality.[80] These efforts extend to annual training and certification on the code for employees, vendors, and business partners.[81] For logistics and distribution, Carter's depends on its primary U.S. fulfillment center in Braselton, Georgia, which serves as a multichannel hub handling wholesale, retail, and e-commerce orders.[40] Opened in 2015 with an investment exceeding $50 million, the facility employs advanced systems like cross-belt sorters and shuttle automation to streamline operations.[82] In 2025, escalating U.S. tariffs on imports from key sourcing countries have significantly impacted costs, with the company estimating an additional $200 million to $250 million in pre-tax expenses annually, representing roughly 5-7% increase on import-related duties compared to prior levels.[74] Sustainability initiatives within the supply chain emphasize material innovation and emissions reduction. By 2023, more than 40% of Carter's cotton and polyester usage incorporated sustainable or recycled fibers, including certified organic cotton and recycled polyester, as part of a broader goal to reach 100% sustainable cotton by 2030. In 2024, 99% of apparel products met the OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 certification, and over 60% of product packaging was made from recycled content.[83][84] The company has also advanced carbon footprint reductions through optimized shipping routes and Science Based Targets initiative-verified goals, aiming for a 50% cut in Scope 1 and 2 emissions from the 2019 baseline by 2030.[85] These measures include collaborations with suppliers to minimize transportation emissions and explore recycled content in polyester, though recycled polyester still comprised less than 1% of total consumption in 2023 due to supply constraints.[86]Financial Performance
Revenue Trends and Key Metrics
Carter's Inc. has demonstrated steady revenue growth over the long term, with annual net sales increasing from $1.7 billion in fiscal 2010 to $2.95 billion in fiscal 2023, reflecting expansion in its core children's apparel segments despite periodic market fluctuations.[38][70] This growth trajectory was supported by strategic acquisitions and channel diversification, though recent years have shown moderation, with fiscal 2024 actuals reaching $2.84 billion. In the third quarter of fiscal 2025, net sales totaled $758 million, remaining flat year-over-year amid softer consumer demand in certain categories.[87] Profitability metrics have remained resilient but faced pressures in recent periods, with operating margins averaging around 11% from fiscal 2015 to 2023, driven by efficient cost management and favorable gross margins in the mid-40% range. However, third-quarter fiscal 2025 net income declined sharply to $11.6 million, an 80% decrease from $58.3 million in the prior-year period, primarily due to higher operating expenses and inventory-related charges. The company anticipates a further $25–35 million adverse impact to pre-tax income in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 from elevated tariffs on imported goods, contributing to suspended full-year guidance as of October 2025. Reported diluted earnings per share (EPS) for Q3 2025 stood at $0.32, compared to $1.62 in Q3 2024, while adjusted diluted EPS was $0.74 versus $1.64 year-over-year.[88][74][50][89] Revenue is segmented primarily across U.S. Retail, U.S. Wholesale, and International operations, with approximate breakdowns of 51% from U.S. Retail, 34% from U.S. Wholesale, and 15% from International in fiscal 2023, highlighting the domestic market's dominance. U.S. Retail includes sales through company-operated stores and e-commerce, while Wholesale encompasses partnerships with department stores and mass merchants, and International covers licensed operations abroad. Carter's fiscal year ends in December, with prior projections for fiscal 2024 full-year sales set at $2.78–2.855 billion, aligning closely with the reported $2.844 billion outcome.[70][90][91]| Fiscal Year | Net Sales (in billions USD) | Operating Margin (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 1.7 | N/A |
| 2023 | 2.95 | 11.0 |
| 2024 | 2.84 | 9.0 |
| Q3 2025 | 0.758 (quarterly) | 3.8 (reported) |