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Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001.^[1]^[2] Prior to his presidency, Clinton held office as the 40th and 42nd governor of Arkansas, serving nonconsecutive terms from 1979 to 1981 and 1983 to 1992.^[3] A Democrat, he won the 1992 presidential election as the nominee of a centrist "New Democrat" faction, defeating incumbent Republican George H. W. Bush amid economic recession and emphasizing themes of change and opportunity.^[1] Clinton's administration oversaw a period of sustained economic expansion, with unemployment falling from 7.5% in 1992 to 4.0% by 2000, GDP growth averaging 3.9% annually, and federal budget deficits transforming into surpluses by fiscal year 1998—the first such surpluses since 1969—reaching $236 billion in fiscal 2000.^[4]^[5] Key legislative achievements included the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which reformed welfare by imposing work requirements and time limits on benefits, reducing caseloads by over 60%; the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), ratified in 1993 to expand trade with Canada and Mexico; and a 1997 balanced budget agreement with Congress that restrained discretionary spending.^[6] Foreign policy highlights encompassed NATO expansion, intervention in the Balkans to halt ethnic cleansing, and brokering the 1998 Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland, though efforts like the Oslo Accords for Middle East peace yielded mixed results.^[7] Clinton's tenure was marked by significant controversies, culminating in his 1998 impeachment by the House of Representatives on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice stemming from his deposition in the Paula Jones sexual harassment lawsuit and subsequent denial under oath of an affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky.^[8]^[9] The Senate acquitted him in 1999 on both articles, with no senators from his party voting to convict, allowing him to complete his second term.^[10] Earlier scandals involved investigations into the Whitewater real estate venture and allegations of campaign finance irregularities in 1996, though no charges resulted against the president. Post-presidency, Clinton founded the William J. Clinton Foundation in 2001, focusing on global health, economic development, and disaster relief, while maintaining influence through his wife's political career and public speaking.^[2]

Surname Origin and Etymology

Historical Roots and Distribution

The surname Clinton originated as an English toponymic name, referring to individuals from locales such as Glinton in Northamptonshire or Glympton (anciently Climpton) in Oxfordshire.^[11]^[12] The name derives from Old English elements, potentially combining an uncertain prefix with tūn meaning "farmstead" or "settlement," as in Glinton, or linking to the River Glyme in Glympton's case.^[13] An alternative interpretation posits Anglo-Scandinavian roots, with clint denoting a "headland" or "crag" alongside tūn.^[14] In Ireland and Scotland, Clinton occasionally appears as a shortened form of McClinton, from Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionntáin ("son of the servant of St. Fionntán"), introduced via 16th-century immigration or anglicization.^[15] Historically, the de Clinton family traces to Norman settlers post-1066 Conquest, adopting the name from their Oxfordshire lordship of Climpton; Geoffrey de Clinton, a prominent 12th-century figure and treasurer to King Henry I, exemplifies early prominence.^[16] The lineage gained nobility with John de Clinton's elevation as Baron Clinton in 1298, establishing a peerage enduring into modern times with estates in Devon and elsewhere.^[12] This aristocratic branch, seated initially at Glinton, influenced surname spread through feudal holdings and marriages, though commoner bearers likely stemmed independently from the same localities.^[17] Today, the surname numbers approximately 39,837 bearers globally, ranking 13,991st in commonality, with the highest incidence in the United States (21,734 individuals, frequency 1:16,677, national rank 2,109), reflecting 18th-19th century British emigration patterns.^[14] Significant populations persist in England (3,139), Nigeria (2,566), and Kenya (2,503), the latter two tied to colonial-era migrations and anglicized variants; density peaks in Gibraltar (1:2,810).^[14] In the U.S., 1840-1920 census data show concentrations in states like New York and Pennsylvania, evolving from early colonial settlements.^[18]

British Historical Figures

Sir Henry Clinton (1730–1795)

Sir Henry Clinton was a British Army officer and politician who commanded British forces in North America as Commander-in-Chief from May 1778 to May 1782 during the American Revolutionary War. Born on April 16, 1730, in Newfoundland to Admiral George Clinton, the colony's governor, he entered military service young, joining the New York militia as a lieutenant of fusiliers in 1745 and gaining promotion to captain-lieutenant in the Coldstream Guards by 1746 before relocating to Britain in 1749.^[19]^[20] Clinton's early combat experience came during the Seven Years' War, where he served as a captain in the Coldstream Guards in the early 1750s, advancing to lieutenant colonel in the 1st Foot Guards. In 1762, he acted as aide-de-camp to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick in Germany, participating in campaigns under the Marquess of Granby that saw British forces engage Prussian and French armies across the continent. Wounded during these operations, he returned to England after the war's conclusion in 1763, having demonstrated tactical acumen that led to his promotion to major general in 1772.^[19]^[21] Arriving in Boston on May 25, 1775, as a major general under Generals Thomas Gage and William Howe, Clinton contributed to the Siege of Boston and led the reserve at the Battle of Bunker Hill on June 17, 1775, where British forces suffered over 1,000 casualties in securing the heights. In 1776, he commanded troops in the New York campaign, proposing and executing a double envelopment flanking maneuver at the Battle of Long Island on August 27, which routed George Washington's army and enabled the capture of New York City. Despite advocating aggressive pursuit of Continental forces rather than static occupation, his strategic differences with Howe limited broader operations.^[22]^[19] Upon Howe's replacement, Clinton assumed command on May 8, 1778, inheriting a force of approximately 30,000 troops amid French entry into the war. He promptly evacuated Philadelphia on June 18 to consolidate in New York, engaging Washington at the Battle of Monmouth on June 28, where inconclusive fighting highlighted logistical strains from Loyalist unreliability and extended supply lines. Shifting to a Southern strategy in 1779 to exploit perceived Tory strength, Clinton dispatched expeditions to exploit weaknesses; in 1780, he personally led 8,700 troops south, besieging Charleston from March 29, forcing its surrender on May 12 after a six-week operation that captured 5,506 American combatants—the largest single defeat for Continental forces—with British losses at 258 killed and wounded.^[19]^[22]^[23] Clinton's tenure ended amid controversy over the Yorktown campaign. Leaving Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis to secure Virginia after Charleston, he hesitated on reinforcements despite Cornwallis's requests, citing threats to New York and naval uncertainties; this delay allowed Franco-American forces under Washington and Rochambeau to trap Cornwallis, culminating in the British surrender on October 19, 1781, with 7,247 troops lost. Relieved of command on May 26, 1782, and promoted to lieutenant general, Clinton returned to Britain, where parliamentary inquiries scrutinized his decisions.^[22]^[19]^[20] In defense of his record, Clinton published The American Rebellion: Sir Henry Clinton's Narrative of His Campaigns, 1775-1782 in 1783, appending original documents to argue that ministerial interference, Howe's prior inaction, and Cornwallis's independent maneuvers—not his own caution—doomed British efforts, while emphasizing resource constraints like the loss of naval superiority after Chesapeake Bay in 1781. Advanced to full general in 1793 and appointed Governor of Gibraltar in 1794, he died on December 23, 1795, in London without assuming the post, leaving a legacy as a capable tactician undermined by strategic overextension and inter-command rivalries.^[24]^[22]^[19]

Early American Political and Military Figures

George Clinton (1739–1812)

George Clinton was born on July 26, 1739, in Little Britain, Ulster County (now Orange County), New York, to Irish immigrant parents Charles Clinton and Elizabeth Denniston.^[25] At age 18, he enlisted as a lieutenant in the British Army during the French and Indian War, participating in military campaigns before returning to civilian life.^[26] He subsequently studied law under a local attorney, was admitted to the bar, and served as clerk of the court in Ulster County, building a foundation in colonial administration and legal practice.^[26] As tensions escalated toward the American Revolution, Clinton emerged as a patriot leader, serving as a delegate to the New York Provincial Convention and the Continental Congress in 1775.^[25] In December 1775, he received appointment as a brigadier general in the New York militia, followed by a Continental Army commission in March 1777, where he commanded forces in key defenses, including the Hudson Highlands.^[27] Elected as New York's first governor under its 1777 constitution on July 30, 1777, he held the office continuously until 1795 through six reelections, then again from 1801 to 1804, accumulating 21 years of service—the longest gubernatorial tenure in state history—and overseeing wartime governance, state constitution revisions, and economic policies amid federal debates.^[28] A staunch Anti-Federalist, Clinton opposed the proposed U.S. Constitution for its concentration of power in a distant central government, arguing it threatened state sovereignty and individual liberties; he is widely attributed as the author of the "Cato" essays published in New York newspapers from September 1787 to January 1788, which critiqued the document's executive branch, taxation authority, and lack of a bill of rights.^[29] Despite New York's narrow ratification in 1788, influenced by the Federalist Papers, Clinton's influence persisted in Democratic-Republican circles. In 1804, he was elected vice president on the Democratic-Republican ticket with Thomas Jefferson for the latter's second term, continuing under James Madison from 1809 until his death.^[30] Clinton died in office on April 20, 1812, in Washington, D.C., at age 72, from a heart-related illness, marking him as the first vice president to die in office.^[31]

DeWitt Clinton (1769–1828)

DeWitt Clinton was born on March 2, 1769, in Little Britain, New York, to Brigadier General James Clinton and Mary DeWitt.^[32] As the nephew of New York Governor George Clinton, he entered public life early, serving as private secretary to his uncle while studying law after graduating from Columbia College in 1786.^[33] Admitted to the bar around 1788, Clinton aligned with the Republican Party and began his legislative career in the New York State Senate from 1798 to 1802 and again from 1806 to 1811.^[34] ^[35] Clinton's ascent continued with his appointment to the U.S. Senate in 1802, from which he resigned in 1803 to become mayor of New York City, a position he held intermittently from 1803 to 1807 and 1811 to 1815.^[32] During his mayoral terms, he focused on urban improvements, including sanitation, public health measures, and infrastructure enhancements to support the city's growth amid increasing immigration and commerce.^[35] Elected lieutenant governor in 1811, he briefly served until 1813 before mounting an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 1812 as the Federalist nominee and candidate of anti-war Democratic-Republicans opposing President James Madison's prosecution of the War of 1812; Clinton garnered 89 electoral votes to Madison's 128 but won New York's popular vote.^[36] ^[37] As governor of New York from 1817 to 1821 and again from 1825 until his death, Clinton championed internal improvements, most notably the Erie Canal project, which he promoted persistently as a state senator, U.S. senator, and canal commissioner.^[32] Construction began in 1817 under his first governorship, spanning 363 miles from Albany to Buffalo at a cost of approximately $7 million, and was completed in 1825, dramatically reducing transportation costs for goods between the Atlantic seaboard and the Midwest by connecting the Hudson River to Lake Erie.^[38] The canal's success, which Clinton celebrated by leading a flotilla from Buffalo to New York City on October 26, 1825, boosted New York's economy, population, and dominance in national trade, though opponents initially derided it as "Clinton's Folly." Reelected governor in 1824 and 1826, he died in office on February 11, 1828, in Albany from a heart condition exacerbated by overwork.^[32] His legacy endures in the transformative infrastructure that facilitated America's westward expansion and economic integration.^[39]

Modern American Political Figures

Bill Clinton (born 1946)

William Jefferson Blythe III, known as Bill Clinton, was born on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas, three months after his biological father, William Jefferson Blythe Jr., died in a car accident.^[40] Raised initially by his mother, Virginia Dell Cassidy, and grandparents in Hope, he later moved to Hot Springs, Arkansas, where his mother remarried Roger Clinton, an abusive alcoholic; young William adopted the Clinton surname at age 15 despite the family dysfunction.^[40] Displaying early political interest, he met President John F. Kennedy as a high school student in 1963, an encounter that reinforced his ambitions.^[41] Clinton attended Georgetown University, graduating in 1968 with a degree in international affairs, followed by a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University, though he left without a degree amid Vietnam War draft deferment uncertainties.^[41] He earned a law degree from Yale University in 1973, where he met Hillary Rodham, whom he married in 1975.^[41] Returning to Arkansas, he taught law at the University of Arkansas from 1974 to 1976, ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1974, and served as state attorney general from 1977 to 1979.^[42] Elected governor of Arkansas in 1978 at age 32—the youngest U.S. governor in over four decades—he lost reelection in 1980 amid criticism over auto license fees and education reforms but reclaimed the office in 1982, serving until 1992 with a focus on education improvements and economic development.^[42] During this period, he implemented welfare-to-work initiatives and infrastructure projects, though his administration faced allegations of favoritism in state contracts.^[43] Clinton won the 1992 presidential election against incumbent George H.W. Bush and independent Ross Perot, securing 43% of the popular vote, and was reelected in 1996 with 49%. His administration oversaw the longest peacetime economic expansion in U.S. history, with over 22 million jobs created, unemployment falling to 4% by 2000, and federal budget surpluses from 1998 to 2001 due to deficit-reduction measures and capital gains tax revenues from the tech boom.^[44] Key legislation included the 1993 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which eliminated most trade barriers with Canada and Mexico; the 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, funding 100,000 new police officers and expanding prisons; and the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, reforming welfare by imposing time limits and work requirements.^[45] Efforts for universal health care failed in 1994, contributing to Democratic losses in midterm elections.^[46] Clinton's presidency was marred by multiple scandals, including investigations into the Whitewater real estate deal from the 1970s and 1980s, which involved alleged improper loans and conflicts of interest during his governorship.^[46] The most prominent was the 1998 revelation of an extramarital affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky, beginning in November 1995, which Clinton initially denied under oath in a January 1998 deposition related to a sexual harassment lawsuit by Paula Jones.^[47] Independent counsel Kenneth Starr's probe expanded to include perjury and obstruction of justice charges, leading the House to impeach Clinton on December 19, 1998, on those two articles; the Senate acquitted him in February 1999, with no articles gaining the required two-thirds majority.^[48] These events, while not derailing his economic legacy, eroded public trust, as polls showed approval ratings dipping below 50% amid the revelations before recovering.^[47] After leaving office in January 2001, Clinton founded the William J. Clinton Foundation, which focused on global health initiatives like HIV/AIDS treatment in Africa, economic development, and disaster relief, raising over $2 billion by 2020 for programs in more than 80 countries.^[49] He authored memoirs including My Life (2004) and Citizen: My Life After the White House (2024), detailing post-presidential diplomacy, such as negotiating with North Korea in 2009 and campaigning for his wife's presidential bids.^[49] Clinton underwent quadruple bypass heart surgery in 2004 and later adopted a vegan diet following health scares, remaining active in Democratic politics and public speaking into his late 70s.^[49]

Hillary Clinton (born 1947)

Hillary Diane Rodham was born on October 26, 1947, in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in the suburb of Park Ridge by her father, Hugh Rodham, a textile businessman of English and Welsh descent, and her mother, Dorothy Howell Rodham, a homemaker.^[50] Her upbringing emphasized discipline and achievement, with Rodham excelling academically and athletically at Maine South High School, where she was named Illinois's "Woman of the Year" in 1961 for community service.^[51] She initially supported Republican causes, volunteering for Barry Goldwater's 1964 presidential campaign and serving as president of the Young Republicans at Wellesley College, where she enrolled in 1965 as a political science major.^[52] By her senior year, influenced by civil rights activism and opposition to the Vietnam War, she shifted toward liberalism, delivering a commencement speech criticizing societal polarization that drew national media attention.^[53] Rodham graduated from Wellesley College in 1969 with a bachelor of arts degree and then attended Yale Law School, earning her juris doctor in 1973 while serving on the editorial board of the Yale Review of Law and Social Action.^[54] At Yale, she met fellow student Bill Clinton; the two married on October 11, 1975, in Fayetteville, Arkansas, after her brief stint in Washington, D.C., working on the Nixon impeachment inquiry staff for the House Judiciary Committee.^[55] Following Bill Clinton's unsuccessful 1974 congressional bid, the couple moved to Arkansas, where Hillary joined the Rose Law Firm in Little Rock, becoming one of the firm's first female associates and later its first female partner in 1979.^[56] She taught at the University of Arkansas School of Law from 1974 to 1976 and balanced her legal practice—representing clients including Walmart—with advocacy for children's rights.^[52] As First Lady of Arkansas during Bill Clinton's governorship (1979–1981 and 1983–1992), Hillary chaired the Arkansas Educational Standards Committee, which implemented teacher testing and literacy programs, and founded the Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families to address poverty and education gaps.^[54] Her role was unusually prominent for a first lady, focusing on policy reforms amid scrutiny over her commodity trading profits in the 1970s cattle futures market, which yielded nearly $100,000 on a $1,000 investment and prompted questions about preferential treatment, though no illegality was proven.^[52] After Bill's 1992 presidential victory, she served as First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, leading the Task Force on National Health Care Reform, whose 1993 proposal for universal coverage failed in Congress amid opposition from insurers and ideological divides, resulting in no legislation.^[51] She supported the 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, which expanded federal policing but later drew criticism for contributing to mass incarceration trends.^[57] In 2000, Hillary Clinton was elected U.S. Senator from New York, defeating Republican Rick Lazio with 55% of the vote in a campaign launched shortly after leaving the White House; she became the first First Lady to hold elected office and the first woman to represent New York in the Senate, serving from January 3, 2001, to January 21, 2009.^[58] Her Senate tenure emphasized post-9/11 recovery, securing $21.4 billion in federal aid for New York, and bipartisan efforts like the 2001 USA PATRIOT Act reauthorization, though she voted against the original 2001 version and later opposed aspects of the Iraq War authorization she had supported in 2002.^[57] Reelected in 2006 with 67% of the vote, she focused on military families and economic issues but faced intraparty challenges during her 2008 Democratic presidential primary run against Barack Obama, ending her campaign on June 7, 2008, after winning 18 states but losing the delegate count.^[55] Appointed the 67th U.S. Secretary of State by President Obama on January 21, 2009, Clinton served until February 1, 2013, logging nearly one million miles in travel to 112 countries and prioritizing "smart power" diplomacy, including the 2010 New START treaty with Russia reducing nuclear arsenals and efforts to reset U.S.-Russia relations.^[59] Her tenure included the 2011 intervention in Libya, where NATO airstrikes aided rebels in overthrowing Muammar Gaddafi, but contributed to subsequent instability.^[51] The September 11, 2012, attack on the U.S. diplomatic compound in Benghazi, Libya, killed Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens and three other Americans; eight congressional investigations, including a 2016 House Select Committee report, found systemic State Department failures in security and intelligence but no evidence of direct misconduct by Clinton, though initial administration attributions to a spontaneous protest over an anti-Islam video—later corrected to premeditated terrorism—eroded public trust amid partisan debates.^[60] Separately, an FBI investigation into her use of a private email server for official communications from 2009 to 2013 concluded on July 5, 2016, that while over 110 emails contained classified information and her practices were "extremely careless" with potential national security risks, there was no intent to violate laws, recommending no charges despite political pressure from both parties.^[61] Critics, including intelligence officials, highlighted vulnerabilities to hacking, with Russian actors probing the server, though no breach was confirmed.^[62] Clinton launched her second presidential bid on April 12, 2015, securing the Democratic nomination on July 26, 2016, as the first woman nominated by a major party, but lost the general election to Donald Trump on November 8, 2016, winning the national popular vote by 2.1 percentage points (65.8 million to 62.9 million votes) yet securing 232 Electoral College votes to Trump's 304 due to losses in key Rust Belt states like Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Factors included FBI Director James Comey's October 28, 2016, letter reopening the email probe—later closed without charges—alienating voters amid perceptions of elite insulation, as well as Trump's mobilization of non-college-educated white voters in rural areas who shifted toward Republicans by margins exceeding prior elections.^[63] Post-campaign, she attributed the outcome partly to Russian interference, confirmed by U.S. intelligence assessments of election meddling favoring Trump, though a 2017–2019 Senate Intelligence Committee report detailed contacts between Trump associates and Russian operatives without establishing collusion.^[64] Clinton has since focused on philanthropy through the Clinton Foundation, which raised over $2 billion for global health and development but faced scrutiny for donor access to State Department officials during her tenure, with no proven quid pro quo in official reviews.^[50]

Other Notable Individuals

George Clinton (musician, born 1941)

George Clinton, born July 22, 1941, in Kannapolis, North Carolina, is an American singer, songwriter, bandleader, and record producer recognized as the central figure in the Parliament-Funkadelic (P-Funk) collective, which fused funk, psychedelic rock, and soul into a genre-defining sound characterized by expansive ensembles, elaborate stage shows, and mythological narratives involving characters like Dr. Funkenstein.^[65] As a teenager in Plainfield, New Jersey, where his family relocated, Clinton formed the doo-wop group The Parliaments in 1955 while working in a barbershop, drawing inspiration from acts like Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers; the group achieved breakthrough success with the 1967 single "I Wanna Testify," which peaked at number three on the R&B chart and number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[65] By the late 1960s, amid financial disputes with their label Revilot, Clinton reoriented the Parliaments toward smoother R&B as Parliament while launching the harder-edged, guitar-driven Funkadelic, eventually merging the projects into a fluid collective of over 40 musicians that emphasized polyrhythmic grooves, synthesizers, and satirical social commentary.^[65] During the 1970s, Parliament-Funkadelic dominated the R&B landscape, producing over 40 hit singles—including three number-one R&B tracks such as "Flash Light" (1978) and "One Nation Under a Groove" (1978)—and three platinum albums like Mothership Connection (1975), which sold over one million copies and introduced interstellar funk themes blending Afrofuturism with Jimi Hendrix-inspired psychedelia.^[65] The collective's innovative approach, incorporating jazz fusion elements, horn sections, and talk-box effects, expanded funk beyond James Brown's rhythmic foundations into a cosmic, community-driven aesthetic that prioritized improvisation and collective authorship over rigid song structures.^[66] Clinton's leadership fostered a rotating roster of talent, including guitarist Eddie Hazel and bassist Bootsy Collins, yielding landmark releases that influenced subsequent genres through heavy sampling in hip-hop, as seen with the enduring use of Clinton's 1982 solo hit "Atomic Dog," which topped the R&B chart.^[65] In the 1980s and beyond, Clinton faced label disputes following PolyGram's acquisition of Parliament's distributor Casablanca Records, compounded by personal struggles with cocaine addiction that disrupted band cohesion and led to legal battles over royalties and copyrights; he recovered through sobriety in the 1990s, resuming solo work and productions for artists like Primal Scream and the Red Hot Chili Peppers.^[67] Parliament-Funkadelic was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1997 by Prince, recognizing their 16 members' contributions to over a dozen top-ten R&B hits between 1967 and 1983.^[68] Clinton received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2019, a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2024, and induction into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2025, affirming P-Funk's foundational role in modern music despite the genre's underrepresentation in mainstream narratives dominated by rock-centric histories.^[69]^[70]

Roger Clinton (born 1956)

Roger Clinton Jr. was born on July 25, 1956, in Hot Springs, Arkansas, to Virginia Dell Cassidy, a nurse, and Roger Clinton Sr., a car salesman.^[71]^[72] He is the younger half-brother of former U.S. President Bill Clinton, sharing the same mother but having a different father.^[72] His father died in 1967 when Roger Jr. was 11 years old.^[73] Clinton pursued a career in entertainment, initially as a musician in rock bands such as Dealer's Choice and later Politics, performing novelty and comedy-style songs in the 1990s.^[74] He transitioned to acting, securing minor roles in films including Spy Hard (1996), Bio-Dome (1996), Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings (1993), and Fred Claus (2007), as well as guest appearances on television shows.^[75] His entertainment pursuits gained attention during his half-brother's presidency, though engagements remained limited.^[76] Clinton faced significant legal challenges related to substance abuse. In 1985, he was convicted in the Western District of Arkansas on federal charges of conspiracy to distribute cocaine under 21 U.S.C. § 846, stemming from a 1984 arrest for cocaine possession and subsequent involvement in drug distribution activities.^[73]^[77] He served approximately one year in prison after pleading guilty.^[78] On December 22, 2000—just before leaving office—President Bill Clinton granted him a full pardon, one of 140 issued in his final hours, restoring his civil rights.^[73]^[78] Additional arrests involved driving under the influence. In June 2001, Clinton was arrested for suspected DUI in Hermosa Beach, California, but pleaded guilty to misdemeanor reckless driving.^[79] On June 5, 2016, at age 59, he was arrested again in Redondo Beach, California, for misdemeanor DUI after failing field sobriety tests; bail was set at $15,000.^[80] Prosecutors later filed charges.^[81] Clinton married Molly Martin on March 26, 1994; they have a son, Tyler Cassidy Clinton, born May 12, 1994.^[75] He has occasionally engaged in political activities, such as performing at Democratic events, but has largely maintained a low profile outside his brother's orbit.^[74]

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Bill Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas, three months after his father died in an automobile accident.
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Bill Clinton served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 until 2001. Among its many achievements across two terms, President Clinton's ...Clinton Biographies · Museum · Temporary Exhibits · Contact Us
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Bill Clinton served as the Governor of Arkansas from 1979-1981, and again from 1983-1992. He served two terms as President of the United States from 1993-2001.
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From an English surname that was originally derived from towns named Glinton, of uncertain meaning, or Glympton, meaning "settlement on the River Glyme".
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Irish (Louth, Westmeath) and Scottish: shortened form of McClinton . ... The surname was taken to Ireland in or before the 16th century. History: ...
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DeWitt Clinton - Heritage History
He was born March 2, 1769. He graduated from Columbia College in 1786 and was appointed private secretary by his uncle, George Clinton, then Governor of New ...
[34]
De Witt Clinton - Bioguide Search
CLINTON, De Witt, (Half brother of James Graham Clinton, nephew of George Clinton[1739-1812] and brother of George Clinton [1771-1809]), a Senator from New ...
[35]
De Witt Clinton - Historical Society of the New York Courts
De Witt Clinton was born on March 2, 1769, in Napanock, Ulster County, NY. He was educated at the Kingston Academy and King's College (now Columbia University).
[36]
The Election of 1812 | American Battlefield Trust
Oct 4, 2024 · The struggling Federalist Party nominated Rufus King for president while De Witt Clinton ran with the support of anti-war Democratic-Republicans ...
[37]
Presidential Election of 1812 - 270toWin.com
It featured an intriguing competition between incumbent Democratic-Republican President James Madison and a dissident Democratic-Republican, DeWitt Clinton.
[38]
History and Culture - Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor
DeWitt Clinton was the Erie Canal's most persistent and effective promoter. A former NYS legislator, U.S. Senator, Mayor of New York City, and a member of the ...
[39]
One of Early America's Engineering Marvels - NYAS
Mar 26, 2025 · Perhaps the most impactful part of Clinton's legacy was the role he played in the development of the Erie Canal. When construction on the ...
[40]
Bill Clinton: Life in Brief - Miller Center
Born in 1946, he attended public schools in Hot Springs, Arkansas, after moving there from Hope. As a boy he was obsessed with politics, winning student ...
[41]
Bill Clinton: Life Before the Presidency | Miller Center
Just prior to his graduation from Georgetown, he won a prized Rhodes scholarship to study at Oxford University in England for two years. However, he faced being ...
[42]
Gov. William Jefferson Clinton - National Governors Association
He was elected Attorney General of Arkansas in 1976 and in 1978 won his first bid for governor, becoming the nation's youngest governor. In 1981, after losing ...
[43]
Bill Clinton (1946–) - Encyclopedia of Arkansas
Sep 20, 2025 · Clinton's tenure as governor of Arkansas, eleven years and eleven months total, was the second longest in the state's history. Only Orval E.
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The Clinton Presidency: Key Accomplishments - The White House
Longest economic expansion in American history · More than 22 million new jobs · Highest homeownership in American history · Lowest unemployment in 30 yearsMissing: 1993-2001 | Show results with:1993-2001
[45]
Bill Clinton - Key Events | Miller Center
On December 8, 1993, President Bill Clinton signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which eliminated nearly every trade barrier between the ...
[46]
Bill Clinton: Domestic Affairs | Miller Center
This economic policy lowered the deficit from $290 billion in 1992 to $203 billion by 1994. By 1999, surging tax revenues from a booming economy had generated a ...Missing: 1993-2001 | Show results with:1993-2001
[47]
President Clinton impeached | December 19, 1998 - History.com
Clinton, the second president in American history to be impeached, vowed to finish his term. In November 1995, Clinton began an affair with Monica Lewinsky, a ...
[48]
The Clinton impeachment and its fallout - Miller Center
In January 1998, news broke that President Clinton had engaged in an affair with a White House intern, Monica Lewinsky.Missing: primary | Show results with:primary
[49]
Bill Clinton: Life After the Presidency - Miller Center
He devoted his energies to two common post-presidential chores: writing a memoir and overseeing the creation of his presidential library in Little Rock, ...
[50]
About - The Office of Hillary Rodham Clinton
Hillary Rodham was born in Chicago, Illinois on October 26, 1947. After graduating from Wellesley College and Yale Law School, she began her life-long work ...
[51]
Hillary Clinton - White House Historical Association
Hillary's parents expected her to study hard, and she was a student leader in high school. After a youth minister took her to hear Martin Luther King Jr. speak ...
[52]
Hillary Rodham Clinton Biography | American Experience - PBS
In 1965, she enrolled as a political science major at Wellesley College, where she became the president of the Young Republicans Club her freshman year. But the ...
[53]
Biography of Hillary Clinton - George W. Bush White House Archives
As an undergraduate at Wellesley College, Hillary mixed academic excellence with school government. Speaking at graduation, she said, "The challenge now is to ...Missing: early | Show results with:early
[54]
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Biography - The White House
After graduating from Wellesley College in 1969, Hillary enrolled in Yale Law School, where she developed her strong concern for protecting the interests of ...
[55]
Hillary Clinton - National Women's History Museum
In 1969, Clinton attended Yale Law School, where she served on the Board of Editors for the Yale Review of Law and Social Action. It was there that Clinton met ...
[56]
Hillary Clinton (1947–) - Encyclopedia of Arkansas
While serving as Arkansas's first lady for twelve years, she worked as an attorney for Arkansas corporations such as Walmart Inc.
[57]
CLINTON, Hillary Rodham | US House of Representatives
In 1978 her husband Bill won election as governor of Arkansas, and she took on responsibilities as the state's first lady during their combined 10 years in the ...
[58]
Hillary Clinton is elected to the U.S. Senate | November 7, 2000
Jul 24, 2019 · On November 7, 2000, Hillary Rodham Clinton is elected to represent New York in the U.S. Senate, becoming the first F...
[59]
Former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton: 2009 to 2013
Hillary Rodham Clinton served as the 67th Secretary of State of the United States from January 21, 2009 to February 1, 2013.
[60]
Fact checking Clinton and critics on Benghazi, emails | PBS News
Oct 22, 2015 · A look at some of the claims in a House hearing where lawmakers quizzed former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on the deadly 2012 attack ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[61]
Statement by FBI Director James B. Comey on the Investigation of ...
Jul 5, 2016 · Director Comey's statement to the press on the FBI's investigation of Secretary Clinton's use of a personal e-mail system during her time as ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[62]
Clinton aides' email on Benghazi sparked intel concerns | CNN Politics
Aug 20, 2015 · An April 2011 email from an aide to then-Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, publicly released three months ago helped spark intelligence community concerns.
[63]
Why Hillary Clinton lost Pennsylvania: The real story | Brookings
Hillary Clinton lost Pennsylvania because Donald Trump brought a flood of rural and small-town working class voters into the electorate.<|separator|>
[64]
Hillary Clinton and the US election: What went wrong for her? - BBC
Nov 9, 2016 · During this campaign, for millions of angry voters, she became the face of America's broken politics. Donald Trump managed to persuade enough ...
[65]
Biography – Official Website of George Clinton Parliament Funkadelic
Born in Kannapolis, NC, on July 22, 1941, Clinton became interested in Doo-wop while living in New Jersey during the early '50s. .
[66]
Funkmaster George Clinton shares his musical inspirations - NPR
Aug 8, 2025 · If funk began with James Brown, it was George Clinton who was responsible for many of the innovations in the funk music of the 1970s and '80s.
[67]
10 Things We Learned From George Clinton's Astounding ...
Dec 5, 2014 · Thankfully, before Clinton gets lost in a swamp of lawsuits and cocaine, he's got some great stories about leading Parliament–Funkadelic and ...Missing: issues | Show results with:issues
[68]
Parliament-Funkadelic - Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
Parliament-Funkadelic, inducted in 1997, is described as vivid, surreal, psychedelic, and unpredictable, and a soul-expanding musical equivalent of an acid ...
[69]
Black Sabbath, George Clinton to Get Lifetime Achievement Grammys
Dec 19, 2018 · Black Sabbath, George Clinton, Dionne Warwick and others will be recognized with special Lifetime Achievement Grammys this spring.
[70]
2025 Songwriters Hall of Fame Inductees: Full List - Billboard
Jan 22, 2025 · Here are the 2025 inductees into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, including George Clinton, Mike Love and three members of The Doobie Brothers.
[71]
Roger Clinton - Biography - IMDb
Roger Clinton was born on July 25, 1956 in Hot Springs, Arkansas, USA. He is an actor, known for Fred Claus (2007), Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings (1993) and Spy ...
[72]
Biography of the President - Clinton White House
When Bill Clinton finished college in 1968, he won a Rhodes Scholarship, which allows select students to study at Oxford University in England. While at Oxford, ...
[73]
Pardons Granted by President William J. Clinton (1993-2001)
1999, False statement (misdemeanor), 18 U.S.C. § 1018. Roger Clinton, 1. W. D. Ark. 1. 1985, 1. Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846. 2. W.D. Ark.<|separator|>
[74]
Roger Clinton Is Wary, Chatty and Still Occasionally Attracting ...
At the height of Roger Clinton's fame, the struggling rock singer stood accused of taking cash and a gold Rolex to lobby for pardons as his ...
[75]
Roger Clinton - IMDb
Roger Clinton was born on 25 July 1956 in Hot Springs, Arkansas, USA. He is an actor, known for Fred Claus (2007), Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings (1993) and Spy ...Missing: facts | Show results with:facts
[76]
What Difference a Year Makes for Roger Clinton : Entertainment ...
Dec 27, 1993 · And he recently parted ways with his Hollywood concert agent after obtaining only a handful of paid music engagements this year. “(The career) ...
[77]
Meet Roger Clinton, Bill Clinton's controversial half-brother
Jan 20, 2025 · Bill pardoned his half-brother Roger in 2001, also just before he left office. Roger had been convicted of cocaine possession and drug trafficking in 1985.
[78]
Roger Clinton was another presidential family member to be pardoned
Dec 4, 2024 · Hunter Biden joins Roger Clinton, half brother of former president Bill Clinton, as troubled family members who have been pardoned.
[79]
Roger Clinton arrested on suspicion of DUI - POLITICO
Jun 6, 2016 · Clinton was arrested in 2001 on suspicion of drunken driving in Hermosa Beach but pleaded guilty to reckless driving, a misdemeanor charge.
[80]
Roger Clinton, Bill Clinton's brother, arrested for DUI - ABC13 Houston
Jun 6, 2016 · Roger Clinton was arrested around 8 p.m. Sunday and booked for misdemeanor DUI, authorities said. The 59-year-old's bail was set at $15,000.
[81]
Roger Clinton, former president's half-brother, to be charged with ...
Sep 6, 2017 · Roger Clinton was evaluated for driving under the influence of alcohol, which included field sobriety tests, and was arrested. His passengers ...Missing: issues | Show results with:issues