Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Graham Robb

Graham Robb (born 2 June 1958) is a British scholar, biographer, and historian renowned for his works on and . Born in , , he has authored several acclaimed books that blend meticulous research with narrative flair, including biographies of major 19th-century writers and innovative explorations of landscapes and societies. His writing often draws from extensive personal travels by , informing vivid reconstructions of historical and geographical contexts. Educated at the Royal Grammar School in and later at , where he was a , Robb established his academic foundation in studies before transitioning to full-time authorship. His early career focused on and , earning him recognition as a specialist in Romantic and realist authors. Over the decades, he has received prestigious honors, including the Whitbread Biography Prize for his 1997 work on , the Duff Cooper Prize and Ondaatje Prize for The Discovery of France (2007), and the Grande Médaille de la Ville de for Parisians (2010). Additionally, he was appointed in the Ordre des et des Lettres by the for his contributions to cultural understanding. Robb's oeuvre includes influential biographies such as Balzac (1994), Victor Hugo: A Biography (1997), and Rimbaud (2000), which delve into the lives and works of these literary giants with psychological depth and historical insight. He later expanded into broader historical narratives, with The Discovery of France tracing the country's pre-modern identity through maps, roads, and forgotten communities, and Parisians: An Adventure History of Paris (2010) offering vignettes of the city's inhabitants across centuries. Other notable titles include The Discovery of Middle Earth: Mapping the Lost World of the Celts (2013), which reexamines ancient Celtic geography. In recent years, Robb has turned his gaze to British history, culminating in The Discovery of Britain: An Accidental History (2025), a panoramic account spanning from prehistoric times to the present, inspired by his cycling expeditions across the island. Now residing on the English-Scottish border with his wife, Margaret, he continues to explore themes of place, migration, and cultural evolution in his writing.

Early life and education

Childhood and family

Graham Robb was born on 2 June 1958 in , , to parents of Scottish origin. His mother came from , while his father, born in as the son of an Aberdonian, worked as a probation officer. Although born in Manchester, Robb spent his early childhood in the , particularly , where the family resided. This period was marked by a strong Scottish cultural influence within the household, including family holidays north of the border and exposure to the Doric dialect spoken by his father's relatives. His paternal grandfather, William Gall, served as a sports reporter for The Herald in , fostering an early environment rich in narrative and journalistic traditions. In this setting, Robb's formative interests centered on , as he avidly supported both the Scottish national team and Manchester United—drawn to the latter by figures like manager and player —highlighting the interconnected regional identities of his family's heritage and birthplace.

Academic background

Graham Robb completed his at the Royal in . He then undertook undergraduate studies in Modern Languages at , graduating with first-class honours in and . In 1982, following his bachelor's degree, Robb completed teacher training at Goldsmiths' College, London. Subsequently, he pursued advanced studies in the United States, earning a PhD in from in 1986. Returning to Oxford, Robb held a Junior Research Fellowship in at from 1987 to 1990, supported by the as a postdoctoral .

Professional career

Academic positions

Following his in from , Graham Robb held his primary academic position as a in French at , from 1987 to 1990. This role was supported by a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship, during which he contributed to the college's teaching of through tutorials and supervision of undergraduate work in modern languages. Robb's research during this period focused on 19th-century authors, particularly the intersections of poetry and prose in the works of . A key outcome was his critical study Baudelaire, lecteur de Balzac (: José Corti, 1988), which analyzes Baudelaire's reading and interpretation of Honoré de Balzac's novels, highlighting influences on Baudelaire's aesthetic and thematic development. This work established Robb as an emerging scholar in literary , drawing on archival sources to explore intertextual relationships in and realist traditions. In 1990, upon vacating his fellowship, Robb chose to depart from salaried academic employment to pursue independent scholarship, allowing greater flexibility for extended research and writing projects beyond institutional constraints.

Writing and publishing

After completing his junior research fellowship at , in 1990, Graham Robb transitioned from academia to full-time writing in the early 1990s, focusing initially on literary biographies informed by his expertise in . His first major book contract came in 1994 with the publication of Balzac: A Biography by W.W. Norton in the United States and in the , marking the start of a prolific publishing relationship with these houses that continued through subsequent works. Robb's writing process has been deeply shaped by extensive fieldwork, particularly his decades-long travels across by , which informed the immersive research for books like The Discovery of France (2007), where he covered over 14,000 miles to uncover historical and geographical details. This method of on-the-ground , combining physical journeying with archival study, evolved from his early biographical approach to enable broader thematic shifts toward cultural and historical geographies, allowing him to weave personal discovery into narrative non-fiction. Post-2013, Robb continued this trajectory with publications including The Debatable Land: The Lost World Between and (2018, Picador/W.W. Norton), France: An Adventure History (2022, W.W. Norton/Picador), and The Discovery of (2025, Picador), reflecting a sustained from focused to expansive, adventure-driven historical accounts. Over his career, this arc has positioned Robb as an independent author whose works bridge scholarly rigor with accessible storytelling, published consistently by major imprints like W.W. Norton and .

Literary works

Biographies of French authors

Graham Robb's biographical works on 19th-century French authors represent a cornerstone of his contributions to literary scholarship, focusing on , , and through meticulous and narrative-driven analysis that integrates personal, social, and creative dimensions. These books employ a detective-like approach, piecing together incidents, letters, and unpublished materials to uncover psychological depths and contextual influences, distinguishing Robb's method from more chronological or hagiographic traditions. By emphasizing how each author's life shaped their innovations, Robb's biographies not only revitalized interest in these figures but also solidified his reputation as a leading authority in French literary studies, with each volume earning selection as a Times Editor's Choice for best books of the year. In Balzac: A Biography (1994), Robb chronicles Honoré de Balzac's tumultuous life from his provincial upbringing to his status as a prolific , highlighting the interplay between his financial desperation, extravagant habits, and immersive observation of French society. Drawing on archival sources such as correspondence and contemporary accounts, Robb portrays Balzac's creation of —a vast cycle featuring over 2,000 characters—as a realistic of , , , and , reflecting the author's own debt-fueled existence and relationships, including his long affair with Eveline Hanska. This work's unique psychological insights reveal Balzac's empathy across social strata, achieved through Robb's anecdotal style that mirrors the 's vibrant prose, establishing a model for blending with . Robb's Victor Hugo: A Biography (1997) traces 's evolution from Romantic prodigy to republican icon, utilizing the latest scholarly research and Hugo's extensive personal papers to document his political shifts and literary output over eight decades. The details Hugo's early triumphs, such as (1831), his opposition to Louis-Napoleon's regime leading to 19 years of exile in , and his radicalization culminating in masterpieces like (1862), all framed against the backdrop of 19th-century France's upheavals. Robb's method avoids exhaustive detail in favor of a personal, witty tone developed over four years of study, offering insights into Hugo's self-mythologizing psychology and his role as a cultural force in poetry, drama, and novels. This comprehensive portrayal contributed to the book's Whitbread Award win, underscoring Robb's skill in humanizing epic figures. Rimbaud: A Biography (2000) examines Arthur Rimbaud's brief, defiant existence, integrating archival discoveries with maps, timelines, and original French texts to challenge myths and unify his poetic youth with later wanderings. Robb depicts Rimbaud's rebellious path—from defying his domineering mother and fleeing home repeatedly, to his stormy partnership with , imprisonment, and renunciation of literature at 19—to his global exploits as a trader and gunrunner in , culminating in his death from a tumor at 37. Through psychological analysis of contradictions, such as Rimbaud's visionary works like Une Saison en Enfer (1873) and Illuminations, Robb illustrates their innovations in and as blueprints for his adventurous life, rather than an abrupt end. This innovative structure, supported by new biographical data, positions the book as the definitive English-language study, enhancing Robb's stature in illuminating elusive literary rebels.

Cultural and historical studies of France

Graham Robb's cultural and historical studies of emphasize the nation's regional diversity, urban evolution, and through narrative explorations grounded in personal travel and archival discoveries. His works challenge conventional histories by focusing on overlooked stories, micro-civilizations, and the interplay between and human experience, often eschewing linear timelines in favor of thematic vignettes and adventures. In The Discovery of France: A Historical Geography from the Revolution to the First World War (2007), Robb examines 's transformation from a of isolated regions into a unified , drawing on insights from the through . He portrays the country as "a vast of micro-civilizations," highlighting ancient tribal divisions, local , and the slow of rural pays (traditional territories) that persisted despite centralizing reforms. The book incorporates travelogues, diaries, and eyewitness accounts to illustrate how events like the and the rise of railways affected everyday life in provincial , revealing the enduring fragmentation beneath the national narrative. Robb's methodological approach in this and subsequent works relies on extensive bicycle journeys across France, which he describes as a means to access remote areas and sensory details inaccessible by or . For The Discovery of France, he cycled 14,000 miles over several years, using these routes to trace historical boundaries of the pays and uncover hidden cultural layers, such as forgotten dialects and networks. This micro-historical lens prioritizes individual stories and local anomalies over grand political sweeps, enabling a fresh perspective on France's geographical and . Parisians: An Adventure History of Paris (2010) shifts focus to the French capital, profiling a diverse array of inhabitants—from revolutionaries and criminals to immigrants and suburban youths—who shaped the city's identity from the late to the 21st. Through nonlinear vignettes, Robb explores pivotal events like the , the 19th-century Haussmann renovations, and the 2005 riots in , emphasizing how ordinary Parisians navigated class divides, urban expansion, and social upheavals. The book humanizes the metropolis by delving into personal narratives, such as those of a 19th-century or a modern resident, to illustrate Paris's evolution as a microcosm of tensions. Building on these themes, France: An Adventure History (2022) synthesizes two millennia of , from the of in the to the . Robb weaves overlooked adventures—such as medieval pilgrim routes, balloon voyages, and exploits during —into a that underscores France's resilience and contradictions. Informed by 30,000 miles of and , the narrative highlights how peripheral figures and serendipitous events, rather than elite decrees, forged the nation's character. Critics have praised Robb's innovative structure, which favors episodic, adventure-driven storytelling over traditional chronology, for making complex histories accessible and engaging. Reviews in major outlets lauded The Discovery of France for its elegant blend of scholarship and , while Parisians was noted for its pointillist vividness in capturing urban grit. France: An Adventure History received acclaim for its witty, unsentimental sweep, with commentators appreciating how Robb's bicycle-informed micro-histories reveal the "hidden " often ignored in standard accounts. This approach has been credited with revitalizing French historical narrative by prioritizing lived experiences and geographical .

Other non-fiction

In addition to his biographical and cultural works focused on , Graham Robb has produced a range of exploring , social histories of marginalized , and innovative interpretations of ancient European geography. These books demonstrate an evolution in his scholarship, shifting from close textual analysis of to broader thematic examinations of and , and ultimately to speculative reconstructions of prehistoric based on empirical . This progression reflects Robb's interdisciplinary approach, blending philological precision with historical and geographical . Robb's Unlocking Mallarmé (1996), published by , offers a groundbreaking critical study of the French Symbolist poet , proposing a structural "" to decode his enigmatic verse. Drawing on the observation that Mallarmé frequently employed around 100 unrhymed French words, Robb argues that these function as building blocks for self-referential allegories, where poems narrate their own creation and , addressing themes of absence, multiplicity, and linguistic limits. He applies this method to key works like Un coup de dés jamais n'abolira le hasard, revealing how Mallarmé's symbolism operates as a coordinated system rather than isolated obscurity, thereby redefining approaches to 19th-century poetry. The book earned the Modern Language Association's Prize for a First Book by an in 1996, recognizing its original contribution to Mallarmé studies. In Strangers: Homosexual Love in the Nineteenth Century (2003), Robb extends his analytical rigor to a social history of LGBTQ+ experiences across Europe and North America, challenging prevailing narratives of repression by uncovering evidence of a vibrant, tolerant "gay civilization" predating modern identity politics. Through archival "social archaeology"—including court records, literature, and personal correspondences—he traces how homosexuals navigated societal structures, from coded signals in literature (such as green carnations or fictional detectives like Sherlock Holmes) to ironic alliances with law and medicine that inadvertently fostered community networks. Robb highlights figures like Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, who publicly advocated for gay rights in 1867, and reassesses events like Oscar Wilde's trial as typical rather than anomalous, emphasizing themes of resilience and cultural ingenuity over victimhood. Scholarly reception praised its witty, revisionist perspective, though some noted limitations in addressing unrecorded female experiences and the challenges of a pan-European scope. Robb's The Discovery of Middle Earth: Mapping the Lost World of the (2013), also known as The Ancient Paths in the UK, marks a turn toward speculative , positing that ancient engineered a vast, solar-aligned network of roads, settlements, and sacred sites across , rivaling achievements in sophistication. Based on extensive fieldwork—cycling over 15,000 miles and analyzing geographical —Robb identifies "solstice lines" converging on key locations, such as the Via Heraklea from to the , which he links to Druidic astronomy and federal governance, evidenced by coin distributions and alignments with battle sites described by . He argues this "intellocracy" of trained Druids produced the earliest accurate , influencing modern Europe's cultural foundations before conquests disrupted it by 58 BCE. The work includes 50 illustrations and draws archaeological correlations, like reused roads in infrastructure, but has sparked scholarly debate: while praised for its vivid synthesis and enthusiasm, critics contend it relies on speculative interpretations, with terms like "might" and "probably" underscoring insufficient direct evidence from artifacts, and question the feasibility of such advanced surveying without stronger material corroboration. The Debatable Land: The Lost World Between and (2018) investigates the historical between and , a 50-square-mile area known as the Debatable Land that remained independent until the mid-16th century. Drawing on six years of expeditions, , and local lore, Robb explores its unique legal systems governed by border clans like the Armstrongs and , its role as a marked by reivers and , and its enduring cultural significance as one of Britain's oldest territorial divisions, established around 1092. The narrative connects ancient boundaries along hills and valley to modern political contexts, such as differing votes in the and . In The Discovery of Britain: An Accidental History (2025), Robb presents a panoramic of from 500 million BC to the present, structured as concise, episodic chapters inspired by unplanned discoveries during a 2018 storm-driven ride. Blending personal anecdotes from his childhood and extensive travels with historical analysis, the book challenges linear narratives and jingoistic myths, emphasizing , regional dialects, and serendipitous events—like echoes of naval battles in or queuing culture—that shaped the island's political and cultural evolution over roughly 30 human lifetimes.

Awards and honors

Literary prizes

In 1996, Graham Robb received the Modern Language Association Prize for Independent Scholars for his work Unlocking Mallarmé, which offered a groundbreaking analysis of the French poet Stéphane Mallarmé's cryptic style and linguistic innovations. Robb's 1997 biography Victor Hugo: A Biography earned him the Whitbread Biography Award (now known as the Costa Book Award) and the Heinemann Award, recognizing its comprehensive portrayal of the author's life, political activism, and literary legacy. His 2000 biography Rimbaud was shortlisted for the Samuel Johnson Prize in 2001, highlighting Robb's meticulous reconstruction of the enigmatic poet's turbulent life and travels. In 2007, The Discovery of France: A Historical Geography won the Duff Cooper Prize, praised for its vivid exploration of France's regional diversity and cultural evolution from the pre-revolutionary era onward. The same book secured the Royal Society of Literature's Ondaatje Prize in 2008, an award for works evoking the spirit of a place through skill, further affirming Robb's ability to blend , geography, and . These literary prizes significantly elevated Robb's visibility as a leading independent scholar in French biography and , drawing critical acclaim and widening the audience for his scholarly yet accessible works.

Academic and cultural recognitions

In 1999, Graham Robb was elected a of Literature (FRSL), recognizing his contributions to as an author and critic specializing in studies. This lifetime honor acknowledges his scholarly work on French literary figures and , positioning him among distinguished writers and scholars. Robb received the in the Ordre des et des Lettres from the in 2009, an bestowed for significant achievements in artistic or literary fields that enrich . Following the 2010 publication of Parisians, he was awarded the Grande Médaille de la Ville de , honoring his insightful exploration of the city's cultural and social fabric. His biographies of (1994), (1997), and (2000) were each selected as New York Times Editors' Choice for Best Books of the Year, highlighting his impact on French literary scholarship through accessible yet rigorous historical narratives. These selections underscore Robb's broader recognition as an independent scholar who has advanced understanding of and its cultural contexts, influencing both academic and public appreciation of the subject.

References

  1. [1]
    Graham Robb - RCW Literary Agency
    Graham Robb was born in Manchester in 1958 and is a former fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. He has published widely on French literature and history.
  2. [2]
    Graham Robb - Pan Macmillan
    Graham Robb was born in Manchester in 1958 and is a former fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. He has published widely on French literature and history.
  3. [3]
    Graham Robb | Penguin Random House
    Graham Robb is the author of several award-winning books on literature and history. His book The Discovery of France won both the Duff Cooper and Royal...
  4. [4]
    Graham Robb chats about his new and accidental history of Britain
    Aug 22, 2025 · The award-winning non-fiction writer's latest book, The Discovery of Britain, originated during a storm-driven bike ride.Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
  5. [5]
    Historian Graham Robb on the border and the historical myths we ...
    Feb 9, 2018 · As a child Graham Robb lived in the Midlands but grew up in a Scotland of the mind. His mum was from Glasgow, his father, a probation officer, ...Missing: interview Manchester
  6. [6]
    Graham Robb | The Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction
    Graham Robb was born in Manchester and educated at the Royal Grammar School Worcester and Exeter College, Oxford, where he studied Modern Languages.
  7. [7]
    Ambassadors, author featured at David M. Kennedy Center lectures ...
    Robb graduated from Oxford University with first-class honors in French and German. He received a doctoral degree from Vanderbilt University, after which he ...Missing: honours | Show results with:honours
  8. [8]
    Graham Robb (born June 2, 1958): elisa_rolle - LiveJournal
    Jun 2, 2014 · Robb was born in Manchester and educated at the Royal Grammar School Worcester and Exeter College, Oxford, where he studied Modern Languages. ...Missing: background | Show results with:background
  9. [9]
    [PDF] The Rectors and Fellows of Exeter College, Oxford 1901-2005
    The aim of this biographical list has been to name the rectors and fellows who were in post in 1901 or later (but excluding honorary, emeritus and visiting ...
  10. [10]
    Baudelaire, lecteur de Balzac - Graham Robb - Google Books
    Baudelaire, lecteur de Balzac Rien de commun. Author, Graham Robb. Publisher, J. Corti, 1988. Original from, the University of Michigan. Digitized, Mar 24, 2008.
  11. [11]
    Graham Robb - Wikipedia
    Graham Macdonald Robb FRSL (born 2 June 1958) is a British author and critic specialising in French literature. Historical biography has been his main form ...Biography · The Discovery of Middle Earth... · Bibliography · Books
  12. [12]
    Interview: Graham Robb, Cyclist and Author - Freewheeling France
    Mar 3, 2011 · Graham Robb is the author of The Discovery of France, a book he researched by cycling 14,000 miles around France. He chats to us about cycling ...
  13. [13]
  14. [14]
    France | Graham Robb | W. W. Norton & Company
    A wholly original history of France, filled with a lifetime's knowledge and passion—by the author of the New York Times bestseller Parisians., France, ...Missing: publishers Picador
  15. [15]
  16. [16]
    EDITORS' CHOICE - The New York Times
    Dec 3, 2000 · Graham Robb, whose biographies of Balzac in 1994 and Victor Hugo in 1997 are triumphs of scholarship, now produces the best biography of Rimbaud ...
  17. [17]
    BALZAC - Kirkus Reviews
    Aug 1, 1994 · Illuminating Balzac more successfully through examining his work than his era, Robb attempts to unravel the novelist's prolific, debt-driven ...Missing: research methods
  18. [18]
    His Own Biggest Hero - The New York Times
    Feb 15, 1998 · In the preface to his ''Victor Hugo'' Robb refers with discreet anonymity to a previous life of Hugo that falls lamentably into this category.Missing: 1997 | Show results with:1997
  19. [19]
    Victor Hugo: A Biography: 9780393318999: Robb, Graham: Books
    Victor Hugo was the most important writer of the nineteenth century in France: leader of the Romantic movement; revolutionary playwright; poet; epic novelist.Missing: 1997 research methods
  20. [20]
    There Was Only One Rimbaud - The New York Times
    Nov 19, 2000 · By Graham Robb. Illustrated. 552 pp. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. $35. Still another biography of the poet who stopped writing before he ...<|separator|>
  21. [21]
    The Discovery of France - Graham Robb - Books - Review
    Nov 4, 2007 · Written as a “social and geographical history” in which “'France' and 'the French' would mean something more than Paris and a few powerful ...Missing: positions | Show results with:positions
  22. [22]
    Liberty, equality ... and grim reality | History books - The Guardian
    Sep 9, 2007 · Robb is known as an academic expert on French literature - mainly of the 19th century - but his instincts are those of a novelist. It is ...Missing: author positions
  23. [23]
    A joyful tour of French history, from main avenues to back roads
    Jul 29, 2022 · Graham Robb brings 2000 years of history to life, weaving in rich details and forgotten characters.Missing: process | Show results with:process
  24. [24]
    Terra Incognita | The Nation
    Nov 21, 2007 · ... Graham Robb in his most ambitious book to date, The Discovery of France. ... France shows us the nation's great writers traveling literally ...Missing: process | Show results with:process
  25. [25]
    [PDF] H-France Review
    Graham Robb, The Discovery of France: A Historical Geography from the Revolution to the First World War. New York and London: W. W. Norton, 2007. vii + 455 ...Missing: positions | Show results with:positions
  26. [26]
    Parisians by Graham Robb | Books | The Guardian
    Apr 10, 2010 · Robb himself does a fair amount of time-travelling in this book. In a brilliant chapter set in the Parisian suburb of Clichy-sous-Bois in 2005, ...
  27. [27]
    'Parisians: An Adventure History of Paris,' by Graham Robb
    Apr 27, 2010 · A pointillist and defiantly nonlinear history of Paris from the dawn of the French Revolution through the 2005 riots in Clichy-sous-Bois.
  28. [28]
    Gillian Tindall - An Adventure History of Paris - Literary Review
    Three years ago, in a prize-winning book with the deceptively anodyne title The Discovery of France, Graham Robb took on the whole of France and effectively ...<|separator|>
  29. [29]
    FRANCE - Kirkus Reviews
    British biographer and cultural historian Robb offers a sweeping, spirited, and refreshingly unsentimental portrait of France, from the Bronze Age to the ...
  30. [30]
    France: An Adventure History: Robb, Graham - Books - Amazon.com
    This extraordinary narrative is the fruit of decades of research and thirty thousand miles on a self-propelled, two-wheeled time machine (a bicycle). Even ...
  31. [31]
    France: An Adventure History - Book Review
    Dec 20, 2022 · In this “slow history,” Robb delves into the past and present of France from the seat of his bicycle.Missing: process | Show results with:process<|separator|>
  32. [32]
    Unlocking Mallarmé - Yale University Press
    $$65.00 Free 20-day returnsOct 1, 2008 · In this highly original book, Graham Robb reveals conclusive answers to the mysteries of Mallarmé. Robb's discovery of a key to Mallarmé's poetry is an ...Missing: publications | Show results with:publications
  33. [33]
    Out from the cold | Books | The Guardian
    Nov 21, 2003 · Strangers by Graham Robb is a sparkling survey of homosexuality in the 19th century, says Alan Hollinghurst.
  34. [34]
    MLA Prize for Contingent Faculty and Independent Scholars Winners
    ... Graham Robb, Oxford, England, for Unlocking Mallarmé (Yale Univ. Press. 1996); Finalist: Carolyn Burke, Santa Cruz, California, for Becoming Modern: The Life ...
  35. [35]
    Amazon.com: Strangers: Homosexual Love in the Nineteenth Century
    Graham Robb, brilliant biographer of Balzac, Hugo, and Rimbaud, examines how homosexuals were treated by society and finds a tale of surprising tolerance.Missing: scholarly | Show results with:scholarly<|separator|>
  36. [36]
    The Age of Uranians - The New York Times
    Mar 7, 2004 · Adam Goodheart reviews book Strangers: Homosexual Love in the Nineteenth Century by Graham Robb; drawings (M)
  37. [37]
    The Discovery of Middle Earth: Mapping the Lost World of the Celts
    A treasure hunt that uncovers the secrets of one of the world's great civilizations, revealing dramatic proof of the extreme sophistication of the Celts.
  38. [38]
    Graham Robb's 'Discovery of Middle Earth' - The New York Times
    Nov 22, 2013 · Graham Robb contends that the druids' engineering feats rivaled those of the Romans.
  39. [39]
    The Ancient Paths: Discovering the Lost Map of Celtic Europe by ...
    Oct 27, 2013 · I just finished the North American edition - The Discovery of Middle Earth. Fascinating, but I'd like to see corroboration from Iron Age ...
  40. [40]
    Rimbaud by Graham Robb | Baillie Gifford Prize
    He earned a PhD in French literature at Vanderbilt University. He won the 1997 Whitbread Book Award for best biography (Victor Hugo) and in 2007, he won the ...
  41. [41]
    Victor Hugo: A Biography: 9780393045789: Robb, Graham: Books
    Unintimidated by the epic sweep of Victor Hugo's life (1802-85), British scholar Graham Robb analyzes it with intelligence, wit, and enormous verve. The author ...Missing: methods | Show results with:methods
  42. [42]
    ARTS | Johnson shortlist unveiled - BBC News
    Biographies of poet Rimbaud and economist John Maynard Keynes are on the "unashamedly heavyweight" shortlist for the £30,000 Samuel Johnson Prize.
  43. [43]
    Samuel Johnson prize 2001 | News | guardian.co.uk Books
    Robb's biography captures the chaotic madness of Rimbaud's life - the studied debauchery and casual violence which contrasts vividly with his masterly poetry.
  44. [44]
    Awards: Ondaatje Prize - Shelf Awareness
    The Discovery of France by Graham Robb won the £10,000 (US$19,838) Ondaatje Prize, which honors books that "evoke the spirit of a place.
  45. [45]
    £10,000 reward for The Discovery of France | Books - The Guardian
    Apr 29, 2008 · Graham Robb's cultural history of France has won the 2008 Ondaatje prize.
  46. [46]
    Graham Robb - Royal Society of Literature
    Fellows are nominated by peers and elected by our Council of writers – our governing Board. Being elected a Fellow of the RSL is a lifetime honour. This ...
  47. [47]
    Graham Robb's Paris Adventures | On Point with Meghna Chakrabarti
    May 7, 2010 · This article is more than 15 years old. Historian-adventurer Graham Robb takes us to the back stories, back streets, and the people of Paris.
  48. [48]