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Green Book

The Negro Motorist Green Book was an annual guidebook published from 1936 to 1966 by Victor Hugo Green, a postal carrier based in Harlem, New York, to assist African-American motorists in navigating safe accommodations, dining, and services amid widespread racial segregation in the United States.^[1]^[2] Initially focused on the New York metropolitan area, it expanded nationally and internationally by the 1940s, compiling listings of black-friendly businesses submitted by readers and contributors to mitigate dangers like denial of service or violence during the Jim Crow era.^[3] Green's publication, distributed through black newspapers, Esso stations, and word-of-mouth networks, symbolized practical resilience against systemic exclusion, enabling family vacations, business trips, and migrations while fostering a hidden economy of black-owned enterprises.^[4]^[5] Its decline paralleled the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which diminished the need for such guides, though editions ceased only after Green's death in 1960, with posthumous releases until 1966; today, digitized archives preserve its role in documenting overlooked aspects of mid-20th-century American mobility and racial dynamics.^[6]^[7]

The Negro Motorist Green Book

Origins and Publishing History

The Negro Motorist Green Book originated with Victor Hugo Green, an African American postal carrier based in Harlem, New York, who self-published the inaugural edition in 1936 through his company, Victor H. Green & Co.^[8]^[9] Green's initiative addressed the pervasive risks faced by Black motorists under Jim Crow segregation, including denial of service, harassment, and violence at roadside establishments, drawing from his firsthand experiences delivering mail and hearing traveler accounts.^[4]^[10] The first edition was limited in scope, primarily listing safe hotels, restaurants, and service stations in the New York City metropolitan area, compiled via Green's personal network of contacts, including fellow postal workers and community submissions.^[10]^[11] Subsequent annual editions expanded coverage nationwide, incorporating reader contributions and advertisements from Black-owned businesses, with print runs reaching up to 20,000 copies by the 1940s; wartime editions from 1941 to 1945 were titled The Negro Motorist Green Book: Cadet Edition to aid Black servicemen.^[11]^[12] By the 1950s, the guide included international listings for Canada and Mexico, reflecting increased automobile travel among middle-class African Americans, and was distributed through Esso service stations via a partnership that leveraged the company's nondiscriminatory policies.^[9]^[13] Green retired from the post office in 1952 but continued publishing until his death on March 4, 1960, after which his wife, Alma Green, oversaw final editions through 1966, coinciding with the declining need post-Civil Rights Act of 1964.^[11]^[14]

Content and Methodology

The Negro Motorist Green Book primarily consisted of geographically organized directories listing businesses and private residences across the United States that were known to serve African American travelers without discrimination, including hotels, motels, guest houses, restaurants, taverns, service stations, drug stores, barber shops, and beauty parlors.^[7] Early editions focused on urban areas with denser listings, such as New York City and other Northern states, while Southern entries were sparser due to heightened risks of refusal or violence; establishments were typically Black-owned or verified as accommodating through community networks. Later volumes, from the 1940s onward, expanded to include international destinations like Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, Europe, and Africa, along with practical travel advice such as routes to avoid sundown towns and reminders to carry sufficient funds for potential emergencies.^[4] Victor Hugo Green, a Harlem-based postal worker, compiled the guide starting in 1936 by drawing on firsthand reports from fellow mail carriers who observed accommodating businesses along their routes, supplemented by submissions from readers and subscribers who shared their travel experiences via mail.^[15] Green incentivized contributions by offering payments to select informants, including travel agents, and cross-verified entries to ensure reliability, though the process relied heavily on this informal, community-sourced network rather than systematic surveys.^[15] The initial edition covered only the New York metropolitan area, reflecting Green's local knowledge, but annual updates incorporated expanding input to achieve national and eventual international coverage by the mid-20th century.^[16] This methodology emphasized practical utility over exhaustive comprehensiveness, prioritizing verified safe havens amid widespread segregation.

Usage and Empirical Impact

The Negro Motorist Green Book served as a practical directory for African American travelers seeking safe lodging, dining, and fueling options amid widespread segregation and the threat of violence from sundown towns and discriminatory practices. Compiled annually from contributions by postal workers, Esso dealers, and community networks, it listed over 1,400 tourist homes—often operated by Black women entrepreneurs—and other verified establishments, enabling route planning that minimized exposure to hostility. Prominent users included journalists James A. Jackson and Wendell P. Alston of the Associated Negro Press, who covered 20,000 miles yearly using the guide to navigate the Jim Crow South without incident.^[17] Distribution expanded through partnerships with Esso (a brand of Standard Oil), the only major oil company to stock and promote the guide at its stations nationwide starting in the 1940s, reaching Black-owned outlets among its 830 dealers. By the early 1960s, circulation surpassed 2 million copies, reflecting its adoption as a staple in vehicles for family vacations, business trips, and migrations. This accessibility democratized travel information previously reliant on word-of-mouth, allowing middle-class Black motorists to undertake cross-country journeys that would otherwise have been prohibitively risky.^[17]^[18] Empirical assessments, drawing on the guide's listings as a proxy for accessible services, indicate it bolstered Black mobility by fostering networks of supportive businesses in urban hubs and along highways, where denser concentrations correlated with heightened competition and lower discrimination in accommodations. Economic studies analyzing listing density alongside postal worker data and education levels have found that areas with robust Green Book coverage exhibited fewer barriers to public services, attributing this to market incentives for providers serving Black customers amid segregation. Nonetheless, quantitative data on incident avoidance remains anecdotal, as the guide mitigated but did not eradicate perils like arbitrary policing or mob violence, with its utility waning post-Civil Rights Act of 1964.^[19]^[20]^[21]

Criticisms and Limitations

The Negro Motorist Green Book's listings were compiled primarily from field reports by postal carriers, contributions from readers, and Green's personal network, without systematic independent verification, which could result in outdated or inaccurate information given the fluid nature of Jim Crow-era discrimination.^[1] Conditions at listed businesses might change between annual editions or even during travel, as enforcement of racial policies varied unpredictably.^[3] Coverage was incomplete, particularly in rural areas, remote regions, and the Deep South, where safe options were scarce; for instance, the 1960 edition listed only one accommodation in Alaska, often resorting to private homes offering rooms.^[1] Urban centers like New York and Chicago had denser listings, but gaps persisted elsewhere, leaving travelers to rely on local knowledge or risk unlisted areas.^[1] Some entries directed users to substandard facilities, underscoring the limited quality and availability of Black-friendly establishments amid systemic exclusion.^[22] As the guide expanded nationally by the late 1940s, its scope narrowed; later editions, such as 1959, prioritized hotels, motels, and tourist homes, omitting broader services like restaurants or repair shops from earlier versions.^[3] The rise of the interstate highway system after 1956 reduced encounters with discriminatory locales, diminishing the guide's necessity even before its obsolescence following the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which legally dismantled many Jim Crow barriers.^[3] Critics have noted that, while pragmatically adaptive, the Green Book accommodated rather than challenged segregation by funneling travelers into parallel Black spaces, potentially sustaining separate infrastructures without addressing root causes of exclusion—though this approach aligned with the immediate survival needs of users in an unintegrated society.^[22] Empirical evidence of persistent risks, such as unlisted sundown towns enforcing curfews on non-whites after dark, highlights that no guide could fully mitigate the era's hazards.^[3]

Green Book (2018 film)

Historical Basis and Production

The 2018 film Green Book is inspired by the real-life 1962 concert tour undertaken by Donald Shirley, an African-American classical pianist and composer born on January 29, 1927, in Pensacola, Florida, to Jamaican immigrant parents, through several Deep South states amid Jim Crow-era segregation.^[23] ^[24] Shirley, who held doctorates in music, psychology, and liturgical theology and had performed at Carnegie Hall since age 18, sought to expand his audience by scheduling performances in venues across the segregated region, including stops in Georgia such as Macon.^[23] ^[25] To navigate the dangers faced by Black travelers, Shirley relied on The Negro Motorist Green Book, a travel guide listing safe businesses and accommodations for African Americans.^[24] Shirley hired Frank "Tony Lip" Vallelonga, born in 1921 in Sicily and raised in New York's Bronx, as his driver and bodyguard for the two-month tour starting in early 1962.^[23] ^[26] Vallelonga, an Italian-American who worked as a bouncer at the Copacabana nightclub, was out of work due to the venue's temporary closure for renovations and accepted the position after an interview at Shirley's Carnegie Hall residence, where he impressed Shirley with his candid demeanor.^[23] ^[27] The pair departed from New York in Shirley's Cadillac, facing racial hostilities, improvised lodging solutions, and cultural clashes during the journey, which Vallelonga later recounted to family members as fostering mutual respect despite initial differences in background and refinement.^[26] ^[27] The screenplay was developed by Nick Vallelonga, Tony's son, who drew from his father's verbal stories about the tour—shared over family dinners—and a 1962 letter from Shirley to Tony's wife Dolores thanking her for hosting him and praising Tony's reliability.^[28] ^[26] Nick Vallelonga co-wrote the script with Brian Hayes Currie and Peter Farrelly, the latter of whom also directed the film, marking Farrelly's shift from comedy to this biographical drama after acquiring the project through producer connections.^[28] Principal photography began in September 2017, with most filming occurring in and around New Orleans, Louisiana, to represent Southern tour stops, including interiors at Houmas House Plantation for a concert scene and exteriors doubling for multiple states; a single driving sequence was shot elsewhere, and New York exteriors used Carnegie Hall.^[29] ^[30] The production operated on a $23 million budget, emphasizing practical locations and period authenticity through vintage cars and sets evoking 1960s Americana.^[31]

Plot and Key Characters

Green Book (2018) depicts the story of Tony "Lip" Vallelonga, a Bronx-based Italian-American bouncer facing unemployment after the Copacabana nightclub shuts down for winter renovations in 1962, who accepts a job as driver and bodyguard for Dr. Don Shirley, an erudite African-American classical pianist embarking on a concert tour through the Jim Crow-era Deep South.^[32] The tour, spanning from New York to venues in states including Kentucky, Indiana, and Alabama, requires the use of The Negro Motorist Green Book, a travel guide listing establishments safe for black motorists amid widespread segregation and discrimination.^[33] Initial tensions arise from class, cultural, and racial differences—Tony's coarse demeanor and prejudices contrasting Shirley's sophistication and isolation—but shared experiences of hostility, including refusals of service and a violent arrest, foster mutual respect and camaraderie.^[32] The narrative unfolds over two months, highlighting pivotal incidents such as Shirley's performances for white audiences in hostile territories, Tony's protective interventions, and personal revelations, including Shirley's struggles with identity and Tony's family life back home.^[32] By the film's conclusion on Christmas Eve 1962, the men's bond has deepened, with Tony gaining broader perspectives on dignity and prejudice, while Shirley finds rare companionship.^[33] Key characters include Tony Vallelonga (portrayed by Viggo Mortensen), a pragmatic, food-loving enforcer with limited formal education whose quick wit aids survival in perilous situations.^[34] Dr. Don Shirley (Mahershala Ali) is a virtuoso holding multiple doctorates, living in a Carnegie Hall apartment above his trio members, yet alienated from both black communities and white high society due to his refined tastes and interracial isolation.^[34] Supporting roles feature Dolores Vallelonga (Linda Cardellini), Tony's supportive wife who writes letters bridging the tour's distance; Johnny Venere (Sebastian Maniscalco), Tony's opportunistic friend aiding in the hiring; and Shirley's valet Oleg (Dimiter D. Marinov), underscoring the pianist's upper-class entourage.^[35]

Critical and Commercial Reception

The film achieved significant commercial success, earning $321.7 million worldwide against a production budget of $23 million, including $85.1 million domestically and $236.6 million internationally.^[36] This performance marked it as one of the most profitable films of 2018 among those with budgets under $40 million, driven by strong word-of-mouth and an extended theatrical run following its awards season momentum.^[37] Critically, Green Book received mixed reviews, holding a 77% approval rating from 362 critics on Rotten Tomatoes, with a consensus praising the lead performances while noting formulaic elements.^[33] On Metacritic, it scored 69 out of 100 based on 52 reviews, indicating generally favorable but divided sentiment.^[38] Reviewers commended Viggo Mortensen's portrayal of Tony Lip for its authenticity and Mahershala Ali's dignified depiction of Don Shirley, crediting their chemistry for elevating the buddy-road-trip structure and infusing humor with emotional resonance.^[39] The film's lighthearted exploration of cross-cultural friendship amid 1960s racial tensions was highlighted as engaging and uplifting by supporters, contributing to its rare "A+" CinemaScore from audiences.^[38] However, detractors argued the narrative relied on clichés, such as the "white savior" trope, and treated complex racial dynamics superficially, glossing over historical depth for feel-good resolution.^[40] Critics like those from The Guardian deemed certain scenes tone-deaf, suggesting the film's optimistic lens risked sanitizing prejudice.^[40] Audience scores diverged notably higher at 91% on Rotten Tomatoes, reflecting broader appeal beyond professional reviewers.^[33] Despite the tempered critical response—the lowest Rotten Tomatoes score for a Best Picture winner since Crash in 2006—the film secured major accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Supporting Actor for Ali, and Best Original Screenplay, alongside the Producers Guild's top honor and the Toronto International Film Festival's People's Choice Award.^[33]^[41]

Controversies and Accuracy Debates

The family of Dr. Donald Shirley, the pianist portrayed in the film, publicly condemned Green Book as a "symphony of lies" and "100% wrong," asserting that it misrepresented Shirley's personal life, family relationships, and professional experiences without their input or consultation during production.^[42]^[43] Shirley's brother, Edwin Shirley III, and other relatives claimed the film falsely depicted Shirley as estranged from his family, when in reality he maintained close ties, including regular visits and calls; they also disputed the portrayal of Shirley as isolated from Black culture, emphasizing his pride in his Jamaican heritage and multilingual education.^[44]^[45] These objections highlighted the absence of collaboration with Shirley's living relatives, contrasting with the filmmakers' reliance on interviews with Tony Vallelonga and audio tapes purportedly from Shirley himself.^[46] Specific factual disputes centered on the tour dynamics and aftermath: while the film shows Shirley traveling solely with driver Tony "Lip" Vallelonga, historical accounts indicate Shirley typically toured with two valets or musical companions for support, not a single Bronx enforcer; moreover, no contemporaneous evidence confirms the depicted arrest for a poolside fight or the depth of post-tour friendship, with letters from Vallelonga to Shirley post-dating the events but lacking reciprocal proof of lifelong bond.^[47]^[23] Filmmakers, including writer Nick Vallelonga (Tony's son), countered that the narrative drew from his father's oral histories and Shirley's own recordings, insisting "everything in the film is true" except minor creative liberties for pacing, and that Shirley had explicitly discouraged contact with his family due to their strained relations—claims the family rejected as unsubstantiated.^[48]^[46] Actor Viggo Mortensen, who played Vallelonga, described the family's backlash as "unjustified," arguing the film honored Shirley's documented challenges as a Black classical musician in the Jim Crow South.^[49] Broader accuracy debates questioned the film's simplification of 1962-era racism, with critics labeling it a "white savior" narrative that attributes prejudice primarily to individual ignorance overcome by personal rapport, rather than entrenched systemic barriers; for instance, the movie's emphasis on Vallelonga's cultural education of Shirley inverted historical power dynamics, potentially understating Shirley's agency as a refined, Yale- and Russian Conservatory-trained artist who navigated elite white spaces independently.^[50]^[47] Director Peter Farrelly defended the approach by citing consultations with Shirley's contemporaries and the real tour's reliance on The Negro Motorist Green Book for safe travel, affirming core events like venue refusals and improvised performances amid segregation, though he acknowledged dramatic compression for narrative effect.^[23] These contentions persisted post-release, amplified during the 2019 Oscars where Green Book won Best Picture, prompting accusations from progressive media outlets of rewarding feel-good revisionism over unflinching historical scrutiny.^[50]^[51]

Other Literature

Fiction Works

The Green Book (1981) is a science fiction novel for young readers by British author Jill Paton Walsh, centered on a family's exodus from a polluted, overpopulated Earth to colonize an alien planet called Shine. The narrative unfolds through diary entries in a green notebook kept by the protagonist, a girl named Pattie, who records the group's struggles with unfamiliar flora resembling edible grass that harbors unexpected risks, alongside interpersonal tensions and survival imperatives. Illustrated by Lloyd Bloom with pencil drawings, the 74-page work was first published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux and later reissued in 1988 under the alternate title Shine.^[52]^[53] In Arthur Machen's horror short story "The White People," first published in 1904 in Horlick's Magazine and collected in The House of Souls (1906), the "Green Book" refers to a clandestine manuscript penned by an unnamed adolescent girl. This document details her encounters with supernatural "white people"—ethereal entities tied to pagan folklore—and her initiation into secretive rituals amid the Welsh landscape, blending innocence with eldritch dread and occult revelation. The story's structure frames the Green Book as a discovered text that unveils hidden causal links between rural mysticism and profound, often perilous, human experiences.^[54] Will Scheffer's The Green Book (2011) is a one-act dramatic work premiered off-Broadway in the Through Line Theatre's Summer Shorts festival at 59E59 Theaters, depicting a Queens family's unraveling amid personal betrayals and emotional strife. Directed by Scheffer, known for television work on Big Love, the play features actors including Christian Campbell and Rebecca Schull, emphasizing domestic tensions without direct ties to travel guides or supernatural motifs.^[55]^[56]

Non-Fiction Works

The Negro Motorist Green Book, compiled by postal worker Victor Hugo Green, was an annual non-fiction travel guide published from 1936 to 1966, listing hotels, restaurants, gas stations, and other services deemed safe for African American motorists amid widespread racial segregation and discrimination.^[57]^[58] Initial editions, starting with the 1936 volume focused on the New York metropolitan area, expanded nationally by 1937 to cover the United States and parts of Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with listings crowdsourced from Black postal workers, business owners, and travelers.^[8] By the 1940s, wartime editions like the 1941–1946 consolidated versions omitted yearly updates due to paper shortages but resumed annual publication post-World War II, peaking at over 200 pages in some issues with advertisements funding distribution.^[59] The guide ceased regular publication after the 1964 Civil Rights Act reduced its necessity, though a final 1966–1967 edition appeared.^[60] Facsimile reprints of specific editions, such as the 1938, 1940, and 1947 volumes, have been produced since the 2010s to preserve historical content, often including original advertisements and maps; for instance, a 2019 reprint of the 1938 edition reproduces the full guide's structure, while a Smithsonian compendium aggregates scans from 1938, 1947, 1954, and 1962 for comparative study.^[61]^[62]^[63] These reproductions highlight the guide's evolution, from early regional focus to comprehensive national coverage, and serve educational purposes without altering primary listings.^[57] Modern non-fiction works inspired by Green's guide include The Green Book of South Carolina (2022), compiled by the WeGOJA Foundation, which maps Black-owned, tourist-friendly businesses in the state as a contemporary analog emphasizing economic empowerment.^[64] Similarly, The Post-Racial Negro Green Book by Jan Miles reimagines the format for current Black travelers, listing verified safe and welcoming establishments nationwide based on user submissions and verification.^[65] Biographical non-fiction titles, such as Opening the Road: Victor Hugo Green and the Green Book (2022) by Keila Dawson, detail Green's life and the guide's creation through archival research, aimed at young readers to illustrate mid-20th-century travel barriers.^[10] Another, Going Places: Victor Hugo Green and His Glorious Book, a picture book by Peter Mercer and Eric Velasquez, recounts the guide's origins and impact using primary sources like Green's correspondence.^[66] These works prioritize factual reconstruction over narrative embellishment, drawing from digitized originals in collections like the New York Public Library.^[8]

Other Uses

Governmental and Technical Guides

The Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government, commonly known as the GAO Green Book, provides the U.S. Government Accountability Office's framework for designing, implementing, and operating internal control systems in federal agencies to achieve objectives in operations, reporting, and compliance.^[67] First issued in 1983 and revised in September 2014 to align with the COSO internal control model, the Green Book emphasizes five components—control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring—and 17 principles.^[68] A 2025 revision updated terminology and examples to reflect evolving practices, such as cybersecurity risks and remote work, while maintaining core standards applicable to all federal entities.^[69] It serves as a mandatory reference for federal financial managers under the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act and influences state and local governments adopting similar controls.^[70] In the United Kingdom, The Green Book: Appraisal and Evaluation in Central Government (2022 edition) offers HM Treasury guidance for civil servants appraising policies, programs, and projects, promoting evidence-based decision-making through cost-benefit analysis, discounting future cash flows at a 3.5% rate, and addressing uncertainties via sensitivity testing.^[71] Updated from prior versions to incorporate behavioral insights and environmental valuation, it mandates the Social Time Preference Rate for discounting and recommends the Three-Case Model for business, strategic, and commercial assessments.^[71] The document prioritizes value for money, requiring ex-ante and ex-post evaluations to refine future initiatives, and has been applied to major infrastructure projects since its origins in 1950s Treasury circulars.^[71] The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Green Book: Guide to Federal Government ACH Payments (last updated February 2023) outlines rules and best practices for financial institutions processing Automated Clearing House (ACH) transactions with federal entities, including credit transfers for benefits and debit entries for collections like taxes.^[72] It details Nacha Operating Rules adaptations for government items, such as the Official Check service for high-value payments and entry codes like PPD for payroll, emphasizing same-day processing capabilities introduced in 2016.^[73] The guide addresses exceptions, returns, and compliance with federal laws like the Debt Collection Improvement Act, serving over 10,000 financial institutions to ensure efficient handling of trillions in annual ACH volume.^[74] In technical domains, the Greenbook: Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction (2023 edition), published by the Greenbook Committee of the Southern California Chapter of the American Public Works Association, establishes uniform standards for materials, methods, and testing in municipal infrastructure projects across 18 western states.^[75] Covering asphalt, concrete, and utilities, it includes over 500 pages of specifications, with mandatory compliance clauses for bidding and errata updates via annual supplements.^[75] The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials' A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (7th edition, 2018), known as the AASHTO Green Book, sets criteria for roadway alignment, cross-sections, and intersections based on design speeds from 10 to 70 mph, incorporating vehicle dynamics data from the 15-passenger bus as the control vehicle.^[76] It advises minimum lane widths of 10-12 feet for arterials and sight distances calculated via stopping and passing formulas, influencing federal-aid projects under 23 U.S.C. §109.^[76]

Historical Manuscripts

The Llibre Verd (Green Book) of Barcelona is a 14th-century illuminated manuscript that compiles the municipal privileges, customs, statutes, and historical records of the city of Barcelona, serving as a foundational legal and administrative document for its governance during the medieval period.^[77] Originating from compilations dating to the 13th and early 14th centuries, surviving copies were illuminated around 1380 by the artist Arnau Penna, featuring detailed miniatures depicting feudal oaths of allegiance to the king, battles between knights, and assemblies such as King James II presiding over the Courts of Barcelona.^[78] ^[79] These illustrations, rendered in vibrant colors and gold leaf, underscore the manuscript's role in affirming the city's autonomy and feudal rights under the Crown of Aragon.^[80] Preserved in the Municipal Archives of Barcelona, the Llibre Verd exists in multiple volumes, with Volume I focusing on early privileges granted by monarchs like James I, who is shown chairing the Cortes (parliamentary assemblies).^[81] The text integrates Catalan legal traditions with royal charters, providing evidence of Barcelona's evolving self-governance amid tensions between municipal councils and royal authority in the late Middle Ages.^[82] Its historical value lies in documenting specific feudal obligations, trade regulations, and jurisdictional claims, which were invoked in later disputes; for instance, it records oaths binding citizens to the king while preserving consular privileges.^[83] Another notable historical manuscript known as the Green Book is the Manuscript d'Alger (c. 1772), also called the Green Book of the Élus Coëns, which details the esoteric rituals, theurgic practices, and highest degrees of the Élus Coëns, a short-lived 18th-century Christian Masonic order founded by Martinez de Pasqually in 1754.^[84] This French-language document, preserved in Masonic archives and later translated into English, outlines initiatory ceremonies involving invocations, talismans, and mystical operations aimed at reconciling divine emanations with human spiritual ascent, drawing on Kabbalistic and Christian theosophy.^[85] Named for its green binding or cover, it represents the largest surviving primary source for the order's internal workings, which emphasized operative magic over speculative Freemasonry and influenced later groups like the Martinists.^[86] The manuscript's authenticity is supported by cross-references in Pasqually's writings and contemporary testimonies, though its rituals were kept secret and transmitted orally among initiates until posthumous compilations.^[87]

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Green Book (2018) - Full cast & crew - IMDb
Cast ; Viggo Mortensen · Tony Lip ; Mahershala Ali · Dr. Donald Shirley ; Linda Cardellini · Dolores ; Sebastian Maniscalco 2017. Sebastian Maniscalco · Johnny Venere.
[36]
Green Book (2018) - Box Office Mojo
Budget$23,000,000. Earliest Release DateNovember 16, 2018 (Domestic). MPAAPG ... Gross. France, Jan 23, 2019, $1,719,325, $15,118,700. Germany, Jan 31, 2019 ...
[37]
2018 Most Profitable Small-Budget Movies - Deadline
Apr 8, 2019 · Here are the five box office overachievers (movies with production budgets under $40 million) of 2018 ... film, Green Book continues to ...
[38]
Green Book Reviews - Metacritic
Green Book ; User Score Generally Favorable Based on 715 User Ratings ; My Score. Drag or tap to give a rating Saved ; Release Date Nov 16, 2018 ; Duration 2 h 10 m.Based on 52 Critic ReviewsGreen Book details
[39]
Green Book movie review & film summary (2018) - Roger Ebert
Rating 3/4 · Review by Christy LemireNov 16, 2018 · It's glossy and zippy, gliding along the surface of deeply emotional, complex issues while dipping down into them just enough to give us a taste ...
[40]
Green Book review – racially tone-deaf - The Guardian
Feb 3, 2019 · Green Book's approach to race is at best naive and at worst jaw-droppingly ill-judged. There are jarring, tone-deaf scenes.
[41]
Green Book (2018) - Awards - IMDb
Green Book won Best Picture, Best Supporting Actor, and Best Original Screenplay at the 2019 Oscars, and Best Supporting Actor at the 2019 BAFTA Awards.
[42]
'Green Book' Character's Family Condemns Film for 'Hurtful' Lies
Dec 17, 2018 · Family members of pianist Dr. Donald W. Shirley, who is played in the film by Mahershala Ali, have criticized the film for what they say are narrative ...
[43]
Dr. Don Shirley's Family Says 'Green Book' Is A "Symphony Of Lies ...
Dec 17, 2018 · Dr. Don Shirley's Family Says 'Green Book' Is A “Symphony Of Lies” & “100% Wrong”.
[44]
Dr. Donald Shirley's Brother Calls 'Green Book' Portrayal 'A ...
Dec 6, 2020 · Shirley's family, Ali apologized for his part in the film. “I got a call from Mahershala Ali, a very, very respectful phone call, from him ...
[45]
Family of Black Man, Don Shirley, Portrayed in “The Green Book ...
Nov 29, 2018 · The family members of Don Shirley, the Jamaican-American pianist depicted in the movie The Green Book, has issued a strong condemnation of the film.<|separator|>
[46]
https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/02/oscars-2019-green-book-nick-vallelonga-don-shirley-family
[47]
Fact-check: How true is Green Book? - PolitiFact
Feb 7, 2019 · Fact-check: How true is Green Book? · In the movie: Don Shirley and Tony become close friends. · In reality: Lasting friendship is hard to prove.
[48]
Don Shirley's Family Questions Green Book's Accuracy
Feb 22, 2019 · In contrast, Nick Vallelonga, Tony Vallelonga's son, said "Everything in the film is true," in an interview with NBC. "The only creative license ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[49]
'Green Book' Actor Says Backlash From Shirley Family Is 'Unjustified'
Dec 6, 2020 · Viggo Mortensen is pushing back against criticism from Dr. Don Shirley's family over his film, Green Book, in which he co-stars with Mahershala Ali.
[50]
What to Know About the Controversy Behind Green Book | TIME
Feb 13, 2019 · While Green Book is a serious Oscar contender, its road has been riddled with controversies over its authenticity and racial politics.
[51]
https://www.longreads.com/2018/12/12/the-truth-about-green-book/
[52]
The Green Book: 9780312641221: Walsh, Jill Paton, Bloom, Lloyd
Jill Paton Walsh's classic science fiction novel The Green Book is now available from Square Fish with a brand–new cover!
[53]
The Green Book, aka Shine, by Jill Paton Walsh - Charlotte's Library
Jul 31, 2008 · The Green Book, later reissued as Shine, by Jill Paton Walsh, illustrated with pencil drawings by Lloyd Bloom (1981/1988, 74 pp, 8 year olds and up).
[54]
The White People - Project Gutenberg Australia
The White People. by. Arthur Machen. PROLOGUE THE GREEN BOOK EPILOGUE. PROLOGUE. 'Sorcery and sanctity,' said Ambrose, 'these are the only realities. Each is an ...
[55]
A 'Big Love' Creator Takes on a Different Family - The New York Times
Aug 12, 2011 · Titled “The Green Book,” Mr. Scheffer's play, which opened Thursday, deals with a Queens family. We chatted Friday about the play, families and ...
[56]
Theatre in Review: Summer Shorts 5, Series B (59E59)
Aug 19, 2011 · In the second edition of this year's Summer Shorts, a collection of one-acts, it comes during Will Scheffer's The Green Book. Rebecca Shull ...
[57]
https://www.smithsonianstore.com/negro-motorist-green-book-compendium-11198/
[58]
The Green Book in Virginia – DHR
Victor Hugo Green, a letter carrier from New York, published the Green Book from 1936 to 1967. The book was a guide to hotels, restaurants, guest houses, ...<|separator|>
[59]
The Green Book - About Comics
Currently available are facsimile editions of: The Negro Motorist Green-Book, 1940: an example from early in the guide's history, this volume shows what pre- ...
[60]
A Green Book for our times - Travel Weekly
Feb 23, 2024 · Victor Hugo Green's "The Negro Motorist Green Book" was published from 1936 to 1966, during the era of Jim Crow laws, to help Black ...Missing: statistics | Show results with:statistics<|separator|>
[61]
The Negro Motorist Green-Book: 1938 Facsimile Edition
2019 Reprint of 1938 Edition. First Volume of this scarce Automobile Guide from African Americans. The Negro Motorist Green Book was an annual guidebook for ...
[62]
https://store.wnpa.org/products/the-negro-motorist-green-book-1940-facsimile-edition-034615
[63]
The Negro Motorist Green Book: 1947 - NYPL Digital Collections
The Negro Motorist Green Book: 1947: A Classified Motorist's & Tourist's Guide Covering the United StatesMissing: editions | Show results with:editions
[64]
The Green Book of South Carolina | Nonfiction
$$16.95Jul 5, 2022 · The Green Book of South Carolina, compiled by the WeGOJA Foundation, is a first-of-its-kind travel guide to the most tourist-friendly ...
[65]
A New Green Book? : r/BlackReaders - Reddit
Feb 5, 2025 · - 1. The Post-Racial Negro Green Book by Jan Miles – A modern reimagining of the original Green Book, this guide lists Black-friendly businesses ...
[66]
Going Places: Victor Hugo Green and His Glorious Book
A nonfiction picture book about the Green Book, a travel guide written and published by a Black postal worker from Harlem who wanted African Americans to stay ...
[67]
The Green Book | U.S. GAO - Government Accountability Office
Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government, known as the "Green Book," sets the standards for an effective internal control system for federal ...
[68]
[PDF] Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
An entity uses the Green Book to design, implement, and operate internal controls to achieve its objectives related to operations, reporting, and compliance.
[69]
U.S. GAO - An Introduction to Internal Control: The 2025 Green Book
May 15, 2025 · In May 2025, GAO published its latest revision to the Green Book – Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government.Missing: guide | Show results with:guide
[70]
The GAO Green Book: Understanding Government Internal Control ...
Jun 13, 2025 · The GAO Green Book, formally titled Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government, is a cornerstone of accountability in public ...
[71]
The Green Book (2022) - GOV.UK
The Green Book is guidance issued by HM Treasury on how to appraise policies, programmes and projects. It also provides guidance on the design and use of ...Introduction · Introduction to Appraisal and... · A1. Non-market Valuation and...
[72]
Bureau of the Fiscal Service - Green Book
Feb 1, 2023 · Welcome to the Green Book, a comprehensive guide for financial institutions that receive ACH payments from and send payments (i.e. collections) ...
[73]
[PDF] A Guide to Federal Government ACH Payments
This section of the Green Book is a helpful tool for financial institutions who are trying to understand the differences between the Nacha Operating Rules and ...
[74]
Green Book | TFX - Treasury Financial Experience
Feb 1, 2023 · The Green Book is a comprehensive guide for financial institutions that receive ACH payments from and send payments (ie collections) to the federal government.
[75]
Greenbook Committee of Public Works Standards, Inc. – Greenbook ...
50 Years of Setting Standards in Public Works Construction. The trusted guide in public works construction. Learn More
[76]
A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, 6th Edition
A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, 6th Edition, 2011, commonly referred to as the “Green Book,” contains the current design research and
[77]
Llibre verd de Barcelona - Ziereis Facsimiles
Best Price, Pictures and 4K Video: "Llibre verd de Barcelona" ▷Facsimile Editorial Base, 2004 ✓Order now at ➨facsimiles.com!
[78]
Llibre Verd (Green Book). Book of Privileges of the City of Barcelona ...
Download stock image by Llibre Verd . Book of Privileges of the City of Barcelona. Miniature. Copy iluminated by Arnau Penna in 1380. Oath of allegiance to ...
[79]
14th Century Illuminated Print of Llibre Verd Oath - Media Storehouse
30-day returnsStep back in time to 14th-century Barcelona and discover the rich history of the Llibre Verd, a beautifully illuminated manuscript that showcases the feudal ...
[80]
Llibre Verd (Green Book). Book of Privileges of the City of Barcelona ...
Llibre Verd (Green Book). Book of Privileges of the City of Barcelona. Copy illuminated by Arnau Penna in 1380. Miniature depicting a battle between two knights ...
[81]
Everett Collection Print: King James I Chairing the Cortes. Art Prints ...
Everett Collection Print: King James I Chairing the Cortes. Llibre Verd, vol.I. Book of Privileges of the city of Barcelona (14th c.).
[82]
Rays of light on illuminated legal manuscripts
Sep 29, 2021 · ... Llibre Verd, a manuscript with statutes of Barcelona, also discussed ... Africa Ancient law Archaeology Archives Art Asia Belgium Bibliography ...
[83]
https://www.prints-online.com/llibre-verd-green-book-book-privileges-city-14328178.html
[84]
The Green Book of the Élus Coën: A Treasury of Coën Texts
Jul 7, 2020 · FM4 1282 is better known as 'Manuscript d'Alger', but also carries the name 'The Green Book of the Elus Coëns'. This title comes from the ...
[85]
Review: The Green Book of the Élus Coëns
Oct 30, 2021 · The Green Book of the Élus Coëns, the translation of eighteenth-century French manuscripts describing the rituals of the Christian masonic-mystical order.
[86]
Book Review – The Green Book of the Élus Coëns
The 'Green Book' or Algiers Manuscript is the largest and most significant single source, but we have also included additional facsimile sections from Ms. T ...
[87]
https://www.macoy.com/Masonic-Bible-Masonic-Books/Lewis-Masonic-Books/The-Green-Book-of-the-Elus-Coens