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MediaOne

MediaOne Group, Inc. was a multinational broadband communications company that provided cable television, high-speed internet, and telephony services to millions of residential and business customers across the United States, Europe, and Asia. Formed in 1998 as a spin-off from the cable and media operations of U.S. West, Inc., it emerged as one of the world's largest cable operators with systems passing approximately 8.5 million homes domestically and generating $7.1 billion in proportionate revenue in its first full year.^[1] Headquartered in Englewood, Colorado, MediaOne also held interests in international wireless communications ventures, positioning it as a key player in the converging telecommunications and media industries during the late 1990s. The company's rapid growth included aggressive acquisitions of cable systems totaling $13 billion in the years leading up to the spin-off, which bolstered its portfolio of broadband infrastructure and content distribution capabilities. In early 1999, MediaOne became the subject of a high-profile bidding war when Comcast Corporation announced a $60 billion merger agreement, aiming to create the world's leading broadband provider by combining the third- and fourth-largest U.S. cable operators. However, AT&T Corporation intervened with a superior $62.5 billion offer, ultimately acquiring MediaOne in June 2000 for about $44 billion in cash and stock after regulatory adjustments and shareholder approvals, thereby establishing AT&T Broadband as the dominant U.S. cable entity serving over 40% of pay-TV households. This acquisition marked the end of MediaOne as an independent entity, with its assets integrated into AT&T's operations before being transferred to Comcast following AT&T's sale of its cable division in 2002.

History

Founding of Continental Cablevision

Continental Cablevision was founded on May 29, 1963, by Amos B. Hostetter Jr. and H.I. "Irv" Grousbeck, two Harvard Business School graduates and college friends, in the small northwestern Ohio towns of Tiffin and Fostoria.^[2]^[3] The company began operations with a single modest cable system, serving approximately 1,200 subscribers by extending television signals from distant cities such as Columbus, Cleveland, Detroit, Toledo, and even Windsor, Canada, via coaxial cables and community antennas.^[4]^[2] This initial venture was capitalized with $650,000 raised from investors, marking the start of what would become a major player in the cable industry.^[3] The initial business model centered on community antenna television (CATV), designed to enhance television reception in rural and suburban areas where over-the-air broadcast signals were weak or unavailable due to geographic barriers like hills or distance from transmission towers.^[5]^[3] By installing antennas on high points and distributing signals through wired networks to homes, Continental provided clearer pictures and access to more channels, addressing a key need in underserved markets.^[4] This approach not only improved viewing quality but also introduced programming variety to communities limited to just one or two local stations.^[6] In its early years, Continental faced significant challenges, including limited technology that relied on basic coaxial cables and amplifiers prone to signal degradation over distance, requiring substantial upfront investment in infrastructure.^[4] Regulatory hurdles emerged as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) began imposing restrictions on cable operators in 1965, initially targeting microwave signal importation and later expanding to limit distant signal carriage to protect local broadcasters from competition.^[7]^[8] Additionally, the company encountered competition from established broadcast television and even lost initial franchise bids in Ohio to a rival, prompting Hostetter and Grousbeck to buy out the competitor for $80,000 to secure their foothold.^[3] A key early milestone came in the late 1960s when Continental acquired additional small cable systems across the Midwest, including an expansion into Quincy, Illinois, in 1965, which helped refine its decentralized management strategy and laid the groundwork for broader regional growth.^[3] By 1969, these acquisitions had increased the subscriber base to around 65,000, solidifying the company's foundation despite the era's constraints.^[3]^[2]

Growth and Expansion (1963–1996)

Following its founding in 1963, Continental Cablevision pursued a deliberate growth strategy centered on acquiring and developing clustered cable systems in select regional markets, enabling efficient operations and economies of scale. Starting with a single system in rural Ohio, the company expanded modestly in the Midwest during the late 1960s, adding a franchise in Quincy, Illinois, by 1965. By the early 1970s, it served approximately 65,000 subscribers across a handful of small systems, focusing on underserved rural and small-town areas to build a stable base under the leadership of founders Amos Hostetter and Irving Grousbeck.^[3] The 1970s and 1980s marked accelerated expansion through targeted acquisitions, transforming Continental into one of the nation's leading cable operators. By 1978, subscriber numbers reached 200,000, supported by the purchase of smaller systems in the Midwest and emerging presence in the South. Key deals in the mid-1980s included the 1984 acquisition of an 82,000-subscriber system in Jacksonville, Florida, for around $49 million, and the 1987 acquisition of American Cablesystems, which added approximately 525,000 customers primarily in California and other states.^[3]^[9] That same year, Continental reached 1 million subscribers with the integration of a 1,000-mile system in St. Paul, Minnesota. Further growth came in 1986 via a swap of its cellular operations for cable systems in eastern Massachusetts, strengthening its New England footprint. By the late 1980s, the company operated over 100 systems across multiple states, emphasizing decentralized management to tailor services locally.^[3]^[10] Strategic investments in the early 1990s positioned Continental for long-term competitiveness amid technological shifts. The company committed to fiber-optic network upgrades starting in the late 1980s, with significant deployments by 1990, such as a $2.5 million project in Broward County, Florida, completed by 1994 to enhance channel capacity and reliability. Diversification into programming included equity stakes in networks like Turner Broadcasting System, E! Entertainment Television, and New England Cable News, launched in 1992 as a regional 24-hour service. In 1994, Continental acquired the Providence Journal Company's cable systems for $1.4 billion, expanding in the Northeast and South. These moves supported clustering in high-density markets like New England, California, Florida, and the Midwest.^[11]^[5]^[12] Financially, Continental's privately held structure under Hostetter's stewardship fueled steady revenue growth, from modest early figures to $1.4 billion in 1995, reflecting subscriber expansion to 4.2 million across 600 communities in 16 states by 1996. This period also involved navigating key regulatory changes: the 1984 Cable Communications Policy Act deregulated rates, spurring investment and acquisitions, while the 1992 Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act reimposed rate controls, prompting Continental to accelerate upgrades and explore international opportunities like a joint venture in Argentina. By 1996, these efforts had established it as the third-largest U.S. cable provider.^[13]^[14]

Acquisition by US West

In February 1996, US West announced its acquisition of Continental Cablevision, the third-largest cable operator in the United States with approximately 4.2 million subscribers and $1.4 billion in annual revenue.^[13] The deal, valued at $10.8 billion overall—including $5.3 billion in stock and cash for equity plus the assumption of $5.5 billion in debt—represented the largest cable television transaction in history at the time and marked a significant shift for Continental from private ownership to integration within a major telecommunications conglomerate.^[10]^[15] The acquisition aligned with US West's broader strategy to converge telephone and video services, enabled by the Telecommunications Act of 1996, which lifted restrictions on regional Bell operating companies entering the cable market.^[10] By acquiring Continental's extensive cable infrastructure across 16 states—including key markets like New England, Florida, California, Chicago, and Virginia—US West aimed to bundle local phone, cable television, and data services, leveraging the existing networks to compete more effectively against rivals without the high costs of new construction.^[10] This move complemented US West's regional phone operations in 14 western states, positioning the combined entity to offer integrated multimedia services in overlapping and adjacent territories.^[13] To facilitate the deal, US West spun off its media assets into a new subsidiary, US West Media Group, which served as the acquiring entity and became the dedicated cable division post-merger.^[15] The transaction faced rigorous regulatory scrutiny from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) over concerns of market concentration in cable and telecommunications. The FCC approved the merger in October 1996, conditioning it on US West divesting overlapping cable systems within 10 months to mitigate antitrust risks.^[16] Similarly, the DOJ cleared the acquisition in November 1996, requiring the divestiture of Continental's interest in Teleport Communications Group by December 1998 to preserve competition in dedicated telephone services in markets such as Denver, Phoenix, Seattle, and Omaha.^[13] The merger closed on November 15, 1996.^[17] Integration proved challenging, highlighted by the relocation of Continental's headquarters from Boston, Massachusetts—its base for over 30 years—to US West's base in Englewood, Colorado, announced in early 1997.^[18] This move affected around 160 headquarters employees and exacerbated cultural tensions between Continental's entrepreneurial, cable-focused culture and US West's more bureaucratic, telephone-oriented structure.^[18] Consequently, approximately 100 senior executives departed, including Continental founder and CEO Amos B. Hostetter Jr., who resigned in August 1997 citing irreconcilable differences with US West leadership, and his deputy William T. Schleyer, who declined to relocate.^[18] These early disruptions underscored the difficulties of merging divergent corporate identities in the rapidly evolving telecom landscape.^[18]

Rebranding and Spin-off

In 1997, following the acquisition by US West, the company initiated a rebranding effort to unify its operations under the name MediaOne, starting with its Atlanta-based systems where the name had already gained recognition for innovative broadband services.^[19] By May 1997, the broader rollout was announced, replacing the Continental Cablevision name across former markets with the new branding and slogan "This is broadband. This is the way," emphasizing a shift toward integrated video, voice, and data services.^[20] The rebranding extended fully to all systems by 1998, creating a modern, cohesive identity for the cable operations amid the growing demand for high-speed internet access.^[21] The spin-off from US West occurred on June 12, 1998, when the parent company separated its assets into two independent entities: MediaOne Group, Inc., which retained the cable, multimedia, and broadband businesses, and New US West, Inc., focused on traditional telecommunications and directory services like US West Dex.^[22] Shareholders received a non-pro-rata distribution of New US West shares, while MediaOne Group stock continued trading under the ticker UMG on the NYSE, allowing US West to refocus exclusively on its core telecom operations.^[23] This restructuring involved assuming $4.9 billion in refinanced debt for MediaOne and transferring $3.9 billion in debt related to directory assets to New US West, generating a $24.5 billion pre-tax gain on the separation for the overall transaction.^[22] Operationally, Amos B. Hostetter Jr., who had served as CEO since the 1996 acquisition, stepped down in August 1997 due to disagreements over headquarters relocation from Boston to Denver, with Charles M. "Chuck" Lillis assuming the role of CEO for the MediaOne Group ahead of the spin-off.^[24] Under Lillis, the company prioritized broadband infrastructure upgrades, committing to over $2 billion in network investments during 1997 and 1998 alone to support high-speed data services.^[25] The spin-off enabled MediaOne to operate autonomously, raising capital for these expansions through debt refinancing and other means. The market responded positively to MediaOne's independence, with the company's second-quarter 1998 operating cash flow rising 24% to $500 million and revenues increasing 16% to $1.8 billion, reflecting investor confidence in cable's role in the burgeoning internet era.^[26] In August 1998, MediaOne announced a $1.2 billion stock buyback program for up to 4.1% of its shares, signaling strong financial health and optimism about future growth in broadband delivery.

Acquisition by AT&T and Comcast Merger

In late 1998 and early 1999, MediaOne Group became the subject of intense acquisition interest amid the cable industry consolidation. On March 22, 1999, Comcast Corporation announced a $60 billion merger agreement (including assumed debt) to acquire MediaOne, aiming to create a major broadband player.^[27] However, AT&T Corporation entered the fray on April 22, 1999, with a superior offer valued at approximately $62 billion (including debt), consisting of $30.85 in cash and 0.95 shares of AT&T stock per MediaOne share, topping Comcast's proposal by about 17%.^[28] The bidding war escalated briefly, but on May 4, 1999, Comcast withdrew after securing concessions, including a $1.5 billion breakup fee from MediaOne and a 10-year licensing deal for AT&T's content in Comcast systems, allowing AT&T to proceed.^[29] Regulatory hurdles followed, with the U.S. Department of Justice approving the merger on May 26, 2000, subject to conditions like MediaOne divesting its wireless assets to address antitrust concerns.^[30] The Federal Communications Commission granted final approval shortly thereafter, clearing the path for completion. The acquisition closed on June 15, 2000, in a transaction ultimately valued at around $44 billion after adjustments, marking one of the largest media deals at the time.^[31] MediaOne shareholders received the agreed cash and AT&T shares, integrating the company into AT&T's operations and ending its independence as a standalone entity.^[32] Post-closure, MediaOne's assets were merged into AT&T Broadband, AT&T's cable division that already encompassed the earlier Tele-Communications Inc. (TCI) holdings acquired in 1999, expanding AT&T's subscriber base to over 13 million cable customers nationwide.^[33] Integration efforts included rebranding MediaOne's services under the AT&T umbrella, with cable and phone offerings transitioning to AT&T Broadband by August 2000 in key markets.^[34] For internet services, MediaOne's Road Runner high-speed access was gradually converted to AT&T @Home, aligning with AT&T's broader broadband strategy despite ongoing challenges in network upgrades and service unification.^[35] AT&T's control of MediaOne proved short-lived amid financial pressures and strategic shifts. On December 19, 2001, Comcast announced its $72 billion all-stock acquisition of AT&T Broadband, including the MediaOne systems, in a deal that positioned Comcast as the dominant U.S. cable provider.^[36] The transaction, approved by regulators after reviews by the FCC and Justice Department, closed on November 18, 2002, with AT&T Broadband shareholders receiving Comcast Class A special stock.^[37] MediaOne's operations were absorbed into Comcast's portfolio, with the legacy entity reorganized as Comcast MO Group, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary holding the former MediaOne infrastructure and licenses.^[38] By 2003, full integration was complete, with systems unified under Comcast branding, enhanced network capabilities, and expanded high-speed internet and digital cable offerings, significantly bolstering Comcast's national footprint to over 21 million subscribers. This sequence of mergers solidified the consolidation of the cable sector, transitioning MediaOne's assets from regional player to core components of a major telecommunications giant.

Business Operations

Services Offered

MediaOne provided cable television services through both analog and digital tiers, serving approximately 5 million subscribers across its networks during its operational peak from 1998 to 2002.^[22] These offerings included basic cable packages with local channels and expanded tiers featuring premium networks such as HBO and Showtime, alongside public access programming and pay-per-view events for movies, sports, and specials.^[22] Digital services, enabled by ongoing hybrid fiber-coax upgrades, allowed for enhanced channel capacity and features like interactive guides.^[22] In 1998, MediaOne launched its broadband internet service, branded as MediaOne Express in partnership with the Road Runner joint venture, delivering high-speed access via cable modems at initial download speeds of up to 1 Mbps—about 50 times faster than standard dial-up modems.^[22]^[39] By 1999, the service had grown to 220,000 subscribers, with availability in over 5.3 million market-ready homes, positioning it as a key component of MediaOne's broadband portfolio.^[22] Voice services were offered on a limited basis through cable-based telephony trials in select metropolitan areas, serving as early precursors to bundled "triple play" packages that combined video, internet, and phone.^[22] By late 1999, MediaOne had approximately 66,000 residential voice subscribers across 88,000 lines in seven markets, leveraging its broadband infrastructure for these offerings.^[22] Additional services included video-on-demand capabilities introduced around 2000, allowing subscribers to access movies and content interactively via digital set-top boxes equipped with enhanced features like electronic program guides and remote controls.^[40] MediaOne deployed millions of these devices to support digital enhancements, with typical pricing for basic cable and internet bundles ranging from $30 to $50 per month as of 1999-2000, reflecting per-subscriber video revenues of about $43 monthly.^[22]

Technology and Infrastructure

MediaOne's technological foundation relied heavily on hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) networks, which combined optical fiber backbones with coaxial cable distribution to enable broadband services. During the late 1990s, the company undertook significant upgrades to its infrastructure to support two-way digital communication, including capital expenditures totaling approximately $3.7 billion from 1998 to 1999 on plant enhancements, with upgrades continuing into 2000 following the AT&T acquisition. These upgrades focused on expanding bandwidth capacity and transitioning from one-way analog systems to bidirectional HFC architectures, allowing for interactive services like high-speed internet and telephony. Key technological advancements included the adoption of DOCSIS standards for cable modem internet access, with deployments beginning in the late 1990s to standardize high-speed data transmission over HFC networks. By 2000, MediaOne had integrated digital compression techniques, which increased overall channel capacity, enabling digital tiers with up to 150 additional channels through efficient encoding of video signals and reduced bandwidth usage per channel. The infrastructure encompassed headends in major urban markets such as Atlanta, Chicago, and Denver for centralized signal processing and distribution, supported by thousands of miles of fiber optic cabling to connect nodes and improve signal quality.^[41]^[42] MediaOne pioneered early deployments of video-on-demand (VOD) and high-speed data services, trialing news-on-demand features as early as 1997 using streaming technologies from partners like VDONet. For internet services, the company partnered with Excite@Home to deliver broadband access, leveraging the HFC network to provide speeds up to several megabits per second in supported markets. These innovations were enabled through collaborations, such as a $425 million investment in 1998 with Microsoft and Compaq to scale high-speed data subscribers.^[43]^[44]^[41] Prior to widespread DOCSIS implementation, MediaOne faced bandwidth constraints in its legacy systems, relying on proprietary cable modem protocols that limited upstream speeds and scalability for data services. Post-upgrade maintenance costs rose due to the complexity of HFC networks, including ongoing fiber maintenance and node segmentation to manage signal degradation over coaxial drops. These challenges were common in the industry but underscored the need for continuous investment in infrastructure reliability.^[41]^[45]

Markets and Coverage

United States Operations

MediaOne's United States operations were centered on a clustered footprint in key domestic regions, enabling efficient management and service delivery. The company's core markets included the Northeast, with a major presence in Massachusetts around Boston serving approximately 1 million subscribers; the Midwest, encompassing Detroit and Minneapolis/St. Paul; the South, featuring Atlanta and Florida; and California.^[46]^[47] These clusters allowed MediaOne to concentrate resources, reducing operational costs through streamlined marketing, maintenance, and infrastructure upgrades across contiguous areas.^[48] At its peak, MediaOne served about 5 million cable television subscribers nationwide, with systems passing over 8.6 million homes as of late 1999.^[22]^[33] The company also expanded broadband internet access via its Road Runner service, reaching around 345,000 high-speed subscribers in its systems by late 2000, with growth continuing into 2001 amid rising demand for faster connectivity.^[49] Regional strategies emphasized local partnerships to enhance customer retention, such as collaborations for regional sports programming, including carriage of New England Sports Network (NESN) content for Boston Red Sox games in the Northeast market.^[50] In the competitive landscape, MediaOne vied with major rivals like Time Warner Cable and Cox Communications for market share in urban and suburban areas.^[51] To counter emerging DSL services from telephone companies, MediaOne prioritized cable modem deployments offering download speeds up to 1 Mbps—significantly faster than dial-up and competitive with early DSL—while leveraging its upgraded hybrid fiber-coaxial networks for bundled video and data services.^[52] Following AT&T's 2000 acquisition of MediaOne, its U.S. systems were integrated into AT&T Broadband, and after the 2002 merger with Comcast, these assets were fully absorbed into Comcast's operations by 2003, particularly bolstering the Northeast division with legacy MediaOne clusters.^[36] This integration preserved regional efficiencies while expanding Comcast's national scale to over 22 million subscribers.^[53]

International Operations

MediaOne's international operations were relatively modest compared to its domestic cable business, consisting primarily of minority or joint venture stakes in telecommunications and cable systems abroad, rather than wholly owned entities. These investments, inherited from its predecessor US West, served as diversification experiments into global markets during the late 1990s, generating ancillary revenue through partnerships in wireless and broadband services. By 1999, the international unit supported approximately 8.9 million subscribers across cable, telephone, internet access, and wireless services worldwide.^[54] Key holdings included a 50% stake in One-2-One, a UK-based mobile phone operator with around 2 million subscribers, co-owned with Cable & Wireless.^[55] In Japan, MediaOne held a 60% interest in Titus Communications, the country's second-largest cable television provider, which served about 1 million subscribers and offered cable TV, internet, and telephony services.^[56] Additionally, the company maintained a 50% stake in A2000, a Dutch cable operator serving roughly 535,000 subscribers in the Amsterdam area.^[57] These ventures focused on joint operations to mitigate risks in unfamiliar markets, with MediaOne emphasizing broadband convergence over expansive ownership.^[58] The strategic role of these international activities was to test multimedia service models outside the US, providing revenue streams from emerging markets while aligning with MediaOne's core competency in cable infrastructure. However, they represented a peripheral focus, contributing modestly to overall profitability amid domestic growth priorities. In 1999, international operations reported sales of about $50 million from entities like Titus, underscoring their ancillary status.^[56] Following the 2000 acquisition by AT&T, nearly all international assets were divested to address regulatory concerns over market concentration. The One-2-One stake was sold to Deutsche Telekom in August 1999 for a total deal value of £8.4 billion, yielding MediaOne $5.6 billion in cash proceeds.^[59]^[22] The Titus Communications interest was transferred to Microsoft in April 2000 for nearly $1 billion.^[58]^[60] The A2000 holding was acquired by United Pan-Europe Communications (UPC) in June 1999 for $229 million.^[61] Other assets, including wireless interests in Poland and Central Europe, were also liquidated, with sales like the stake in Polkomtel (PTC) adding to the proceeds.^[62] These divestitures generated substantial one-time gains—over $10 billion in total—but had minimal long-term impact on AT&T's strategy, as the assets were integrated into buyers' portfolios without significant influence from MediaOne's original model. The transactions facilitated regulatory approval for the merger while refocusing the combined entity on US operations.^[63]

Leadership and Criticisms

Key Executives

Amos B. Hostetter Jr. co-founded Continental Cablevision in 1963 alongside H. Irving Grousbeck, starting with modest investments to build one of the earliest cable television operators in the United States.^[64]^[65] As chairman and CEO from 1980 to 1996, Hostetter led the company's expansion into the third-largest cable provider, emphasizing clustering strategies and franchising to achieve operational scale.^[66] Under his leadership, Continental was sold to US West in 1996 for $11 billion in cash and stock, marking a pivotal valuation milestone and renaming the entity MediaOne shortly thereafter.^[67]^[68] Hostetter briefly continued as CEO of MediaOne's domestic cable operations but resigned in August 1997, citing irreconcilable differences over US West's decision to relocate headquarters from Boston to Denver, which disrupted the company's independent culture.^[24]^[18] H. Irving "Irv" Grousbeck, Hostetter's college roommate and business partner, served as president of Continental Cablevision from its inception through 1980 and as chairman until 1985, with a primary focus on financial strategy and fundraising to support early growth.^[65] Grousbeck's contributions included securing initial capital and navigating the financial complexities of cable franchising during the industry's formative years.^[69] Following the US West acquisition in 1996, Grousbeck retired from active involvement, though he retained a significant shareholder stake and standstill agreement that influenced post-spin-off dynamics in 1998.^[70] His departure aligned with a shift toward professional management at MediaOne, allowing him to pursue academic and investment roles elsewhere.^[65] Charles M. Lillis emerged as a key leader during MediaOne's transition, serving as president from 1995 and becoming CEO and chairman after the 1998 spin-off from US West, where he guided the company through independent operations and merger negotiations.^[71] Lillis's tenure emphasized broadband infrastructure investments and strategic partnerships, positioning MediaOne for its approximately $44 billion acquisition by AT&T in 2000.^[22] John C. Malone exerted indirect influence on MediaOne through Liberty Media's programming supply agreements and equity ties to cable partnerships, though he held no formal executive position.^[72] Post-merger, MediaOne's leadership integrated into AT&T Broadband, with Hostetter appointed as vice chairman to oversee cable strategy, while Lillis and other executives transitioned into advisory or operational roles within the combined entity; subsequent absorption by Comcast in 2002 further dispersed the team into the larger Comcast structure.^[73]^[74]

Controversies and Customer Issues

During the AT&T acquisition of MediaOne in 2000, the U.S. Department of Justice raised significant antitrust concerns over reduced competition in broadband Internet services, as the merger would combine AT&T's stake in Excite@Home with MediaOne's Road Runner, controlling approximately 75% of cable modem subscribers. To address these issues, AT&T agreed to divest its interest in Road Runner by December 31, 2001, while retaining service for MediaOne customers, and faced restrictions on certain broadband agreements with Time Warner or AOL for two years post-divestiture. The Federal Communications Commission also approved the merger with conditions, including asset sales to comply with horizontal ownership limits, amid broader criticisms of market concentration that violated Department of Justice merger guidelines by increasing the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index by over 1,000 points in cable distribution and programming markets. Consumer advocates highlighted risks of higher prices and reduced choices due to AT&T's control over approximately 42% of U.S. cable homes passed. Post-merger integration led to widespread customer service complaints and operational disruptions, particularly in billing and support. In Florida, where AT&T acquired MediaOne's Jacksonville franchise for about $1 billion in June 2000, customer complaints surged to 1,200 in June 2001 from a prior average of 50 per month, driven by delays in call center responses and service outages; by August 2002, complaints had fallen to 150 per month but prompted a class-action lawsuit and efforts to revoke the franchise. Billing errors were rampant, with 4,000 Jacksonville subscribers overcharged and an estimated 20,000 statewide (2% of the base) affected, including overcharges of $3.13 monthly for converter boxes in Broward County instead of $1.85, alongside underbilling losses of $1.1 million from uncharged digital upgrades. These issues contributed to high churn rates, resulting in a statewide net loss of 32,700 cable customers through May 2002. Labor tensions arose following US West's 1996 acquisition of cable assets that formed the basis of MediaOne and its 1998 spin-off. In August 1998, shortly after the spin-off, approximately 34,000 Communications Workers of America members struck US West for two weeks over job security, subcontracting limits, and wage improvements, leading to a tentative settlement that required ratification. Executive departures accelerated amid the restructuring, with key leaders like US West CEO Sol Trujillo announcing in early 2000 that he would not join the post-merger entity with Qwest, signaling broader instability in leadership transitions. These events contributed to the cable industry's tarnished reputation for unreliable service in the early 2000s, as integration challenges like those in the AT&T-MediaOne deal exemplified broader sector-wide problems with customer support and billing accuracy.

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AT&T, MediaOne merger a done deal - CNET
Jun 15, 2000 · AT&T said today it has completed its $44 billion merger with cable operator MediaOne Group, creating the country's largest cable operator.Missing: rebranded | Show results with:rebranded
[31]
Business News - AT&T, MediaOne Complete Merger
MediaOne will become part of AT&T Broadband, headquartered in the Denver area. During the coming months, MediaOne's services will be renamed under the AT&T ...
[32]
Short Take: AT&T renames MediaOne markets - CNET
Aug 23, 2000 · AT&T, which completed its acquisition of cable operator MediaOne Group in June, has officially changed the name of its services to AT&T ...Missing: rebranded | Show results with:rebranded
[33]
THIS WAS MEDIAONE | Next TV
Aug 27, 2000 · MediaOne Group Inc. disappeared as a brand Aug. 23, converting all of its logos and communications to that of its new parent, AT & T Broadband.Missing: 1997-1998 | Show results with:1997-1998
[34]
AT&T Broadband to Merge with Comcast Corporation in $72 Billion ...
Dec 19, 2001 · A definitive agreement to combine AT&T Broadband with Comcast in a transaction that values AT&T Broadband at an aggregate value of $72 billion.
[35]
AT&T Corp. And Comcast Corporation
The FCC is reviewing applications for the transfer of licenses from AT&T and Comcast to AT&T Comcast, resulting from a merger after AT&T Broadband spin-off.
[36]
[PDF] Comcast Corporation - CMCSA
Comcast MO Group is a Delaware corporation (formerly known as MediaOne Group, Inc.) incorporated in 1999. Comcast MO Group is a wholly owned subsidiary of ...
[37]
MEDIAONE OFFERING SPEEDY NET ACCESS | Crain's Cleveland ...
Oct 12, 1998 · The company said the service offers Internet access that is 50 times faster than that of a standard 28k modem.Missing: broadband | Show results with:broadband
[38]
MediaOne fires volley in TV set-top fight - CNET
This software interprets data that is passed from a server to the TV set-top's operating system, meaning that the same EPG and video-on-demand programs can be ...
[39]
Universal Electronics Extends MediaOne Pact - Los Angeles Times
Apr 13, 1999 · Universal said MediaOne expects to buy a minimum of 1.5 million remote controls annually. The contract, the terms of which were not disclosed, ...Missing: bundles | Show results with:bundles<|control11|><|separator|>
[40]
[PDF] The Cable History Timeline | Syndeo Institute
Cablevision launches HD-heavy “VOOM” DBS service. 2004. In November, the FCC issues a ruling that cable VoIP was not subject to traditional state regulation.
[41]
Excite@Home | Encyclopedia.com
As part of AT&T's acquisition of MediaOne, AT&T phased out MediaOne's high-speed Internet access service, Road Runner, and replaced it with Excite@Home.
[42]
MediaOne Has More than Net Access on Its Mind | WIRED
Aug 21, 1997 · In fact, he said MediaOne is "trialing, quietly" news-on-demand features using the audio/video streaming products of VDONet and Progressive ...
[43]
Excite@Home, partners continue talks - CNET
Dec 3, 2001 · Excite@Home partners with numerous cable companies--including Cox, Comcast, Charter and MediaOne--to provide high-speed Internet access.
[44]
The Cable Modem Traffic Jam - IEEE Spectrum
Jun 1, 2001 · The cable modem traffic jam is all too real in many cable systems. In severe cases, even the always-on capability is lost. Still, it is not a permanent ...Missing: pre- maintenance
[45]
[PDF] 1 A list of the communities is attached as Exhibit A. The ... - Mass.gov
AT&T will have two sources of capital if the MediaOne merger is consummated: (a) cash generated by its operations (“Operating Cash Flow”); and (b) debt.
[46]
2 Huge Cable TV Companies To Unite in $53 Billion Deal
Mar 23, 1999 · Mediaone has about five million customers, most of them in the Boston area, though it also has cable systems in Connecticut.
[47]
AT&T wins the bidding war for MediaOne - CNET
May 5, 1999 · Comcast had agreed to purchase MediaOne for $48 billion in stock on March 22, but last month AT&T made a surprise $54 billion offer of cash and ...Missing: 2000 | Show results with:2000
[48]
Shoes Drop In AOL-Time Warner Merger Ballet - Forbes
Dec 21, 2000 · The Road Runner restructuring gives AT&T ownership of the 345,000 Road Runner subscribers on its MediaOne systems and closes a potential AOL ...
[49]
FOX Sports Net New England To Launch Interactive Programming ...
Feb 15, 2000 · MediaOne, the largest cable operator in New England has been in the forefront deploying broadband technology in the region. FOX Sports Net, ...
[50]
media one's interest in road runner broadband internet access service
May 25, 2000 · AT&T will be permitted to retain Road Runner assets used exclusively to provide cable modem service and broadband service to Media One customers ...
[51]
Cable industry slices into broadband market - January 31, 2001 - CNN
Jan 31, 2001 · As of late 2000, cable boasted about 6.2 million subscribers worldwide versus DSL's 4.6 million, according to Scottsdale, Ariz.-based market ...
[52]
Comcast wins AT&T broadband - MarketWatch
Dec 19, 2001 · The AT&T cable unit and Comcast will be merged together and spun to form a new company called AT&T Comcast. It will serve 22 million subscribers ...Missing: peak | Show results with:peak
[53]
MediaOne reports qtr. losses reduced - Variety
Apr 29, 1999 · A 44% increase in the number of subscriptions has the international unit serving 8.9 million cable, telephone, Internet access and wireless ...
[54]
https://variety.com/1999/biz/news/mediaone-reports-qtr-losses-reduced-1117499421/
[55]
Microsoft will upload Japanese cabler Titus - Variety
Nov 28, 1999 · Microsoft is in talks with U.S. cable TV operator MediaOne, which has a 60% stake in Titus, sources said. The move would mark another ...
[56]
https://variety.com/1999/biz/news/microsoft-will-upload-japanese-cabler-titus-1117758381/
[57]
Microsoft Acquires MediaOne International's Stake In TITUS ...
I'm delighted we have sold our stake in TITUS to Microsoft, “said Gary Ames, president and CEO of MediaOne International.” The sale is in line with our strategy ...
[58]
The Company File | One 2 One sale agreed - BBC News
Aug 6, 1999 · Cable & Wireless and the US group, MediaOne, have agreed to sell the mobile phone operator, One 2 One, to Deutsche Telekom in a deal worth ...
[59]
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/413371.stm
[60]
https://www.theguardian.com/business/1999/nov/26/efinance.internet2
[61]
AT&T's ACQUISITION OF MEDIAONE WINS APPROVAL BY F.C.C.
Jun 6, 2000 · ''This merger will mean a real choice and lower prices in local phone service, faster Internet access and better cable TV,'' Mr. Armstrong said.Missing: bundles | Show results with:bundles
[62]
Amos Hostetter, Jr. - Forbes
Amos Hostetter Jr. made a fortune in the 1990s as cable TV pioneer and now is most active in philanthropy. He set out with an MBA and $1,500 in the 1960s to ...
[63]
H. Irving Grousbeck | Stanford Graduate School of Business
With a partner, Grousbeck founded Continental Cablevision (later Media One) in 1964. He was President of that company through 1980, and Chairman through 1985.
[64]
Amos B. Hostetter | American Academy of Arts and Sciences
He served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman at Continental Cablevision Inc. That company grew to become the third largest company in the cable television ...
[65]
Amos Hostetter Jr - Biography, Net Worth & Profile | RedCarpetLife
Co-founded Continental Cablevision in 1963 and built it into the nation's third-largest cable operator. Sold Continental to US West for $11 billion in 1996.Missing: CEO | Show results with:CEO<|separator|>
[66]
Amos B. Hostetter, Jr. - Barr Foundation
In 1963, Amos co-founded Continental Cablevision and served as its chairman and CEO from 1980 to 1996. During this period Continental grew to become the ...Missing: HI Grousbeck
[67]
Irving Grousbeck & family: Net Worth & Biography - Goodreturns
Grousbeck's illustrious career includes founding Continental Cablevision in 1964, and playing a crucial part in its evolution into Media One, alongside ...
[68]
The Man Behind At&T's Coup - Bloomberg
May 16, 1999 · "He is Mr. Cable." Hostetter's cable roots date back to 1963, when he and H. Irving Grousbeck, a fellow Amherst and Harvard B-school grad, each ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[69]
US West - NNDB
EXECUTIVES ; Robert E. Knowling, Jr. Business. c. 1954, CEO of Covad, 1998-2000 ; Charles M. Lillis. Business. c. 1945, President of MediaOne, 1995-2000.
[70]
Business News: The Denver Post
Based on Monday's closing prices, the AT&T-MediaOne merger is valued at about $46 billion. AT&T shares closed at $36.75, up $1.663. MediaOne shares rose $1.69 ...
[71]
The man behind the MediaOne merger - CNET
US West spun off its cable group as MediaOne in 1998, eventually leading to Comcast's attempt to merge with the newly independent operation in March. A ...
[72]
Execs scramble in MediaOne wake - ZDNET
Apr 22, 1999 · With the gargantuan AT&T offer to oust Comcast and take over MediaOne, several top media executives find their positions in the business world ...