Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

NLD

Nonverbal learning disorder (NLD or NVLD) is a proposed neurodevelopmental condition characterized by pronounced strengths in verbal abilities, such as advanced vocabulary, rote memorization, and verbal fluency, juxtaposed against significant impairments in nonverbal processing, including visual-spatial perception, motor coordination, novel concept formation, and social cue interpretation.^[1]^[2] Individuals affected often excel in reading comprehension and linguistic tasks from an early age but face challenges with mathematics, handwriting, executive functioning, and adapting to unfamiliar environments or nonverbal social signals like facial expressions and body language.^[3]^[4] The condition's etiology remains unclear, with hypotheses pointing to neurological factors such as white matter abnormalities in the right cerebral hemisphere or disruptions in interhemispheric connectivity, though empirical evidence for specific causes is limited and not conclusively established.^[5] Estimated prevalence varies, with some studies suggesting it affects 3-4% of children in North America, but diagnostic criteria lack standardization, leading to frequent overlaps and misdiagnoses with disorders like ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, or anxiety.^[6]^[7] NLD has sparked controversy in clinical and research communities, as it is absent from major diagnostic manuals like the DSM-5 due to insufficient empirical validation of its distinct profile; critics argue it represents a descriptive pattern rather than a discrete disorder, with heterogeneous symptoms that may reflect broader neurodevelopmental variances rather than a unified causal entity.^[8]^[9]^[10] Despite this, proponents advocate for targeted interventions focusing on social skills training, compensatory strategies for spatial tasks, and accommodations in educational settings to mitigate long-term impacts on adaptive functioning and mental health.^[11]^[12]

Codes and standards

Country and language codes

NLD is the ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code designating the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with the corresponding alpha-2 code NL and numeric code 528.^[13] This standard, maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), facilitates uniform identification of countries and territories in international contexts such as trade, data exchange, and telecommunications.^[13] The code applies to the Netherlands proper, excluding special territories like Aruba or Curaçao, which have distinct designations under ISO 3166-2:NL for subdivisions.^[14] In language coding systems, NLD serves as the ISO 639-2/T (terminology) code and ISO 639-3 code for Dutch, a West Germanic language primarily spoken in the Netherlands and Belgium.^[15] The ISO 639-2/B (bibliographic) equivalent is DUT, while the simpler ISO 639-1 code is NL; these standards from ISO and the Library of Congress enable consistent representation of languages in bibliographic, terminological, and digital applications.^[15] Dutch, under NLD, encompasses standard varieties used in the Netherlands (Nederlands) and Flemish dialects in Belgium, though it excludes closely related but distinct forms like West Flemish.^[16] These codes support localization in software, metadata tagging, and linguistic research, with NLD emphasizing the language's core nomenclature over regional variants.^[15]

Regional abbreviations

NLD is the ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code designating the Kingdom of the Netherlands in international standards for country identification.^[13] This three-letter abbreviation, paired with the alpha-2 code NL and numeric code 528, facilitates consistent referencing in global databases, trade documentation, and statistical reporting.^[17]^[18] The code originates from the Dutch name Nederland and is officially assigned by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ensuring interoperability across systems like the United Nations' M49 standard and regional economic frameworks.^[13] In practice, NLD appears in contexts such as customs declarations, where it identifies the Netherlands for import/export tracking, and in financial systems for country-specific transactions.^[19] For instance, the World Bank's World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) employs NLD to categorize Netherlands-related data in its country code listings.^[17] Beyond the Netherlands, NLD has limited regional use as a postal abbreviation for Nagaland, a state in northeastern India, though this is not standardized internationally and primarily appears in domestic or niche listings. Such applications are secondary to the dominant ISO usage for the Netherlands, with no equivalent alpha-3 prevalence in other regional schemas.

Politics and organizations

National League for Democracy (Myanmar)

The National League for Democracy (NLD) is a pro-democracy political party in Myanmar, founded on September 27, 1988, in the wake of the 8888 Uprising against military rule.^[20]^[21] Established by figures including U Aung Shwe, U Tin Oo, and Aung San Suu Kyi—who became its de facto leader despite formal roles held by others—the party emerged as a coalition of dissidents seeking multiparty democracy and civilian governance following decades of authoritarian control.^[20] Its formation capitalized on widespread protests that had toppled the one-party socialist regime but led to renewed military suppression under the State Law and Order Restoration Council.^[22] In Myanmar's 1990 general election—the first multiparty vote in 30 years—the NLD secured approximately 80% of parliamentary seats contested, reflecting broad public support for democratic transition.^[23] However, the military junta refused to convene the elected assembly, initiating a prolonged crackdown that included house arrest for Aung San Suu Kyi from 1989 to 1995, 2000 to 2002, and 2003 to 2010.^[24] This period solidified the NLD's image as a symbol of resistance, though internal divisions and boycotts of flawed elections, such as in 2010, limited its institutional growth.^[25] The NLD achieved electoral dominance in subsequent free votes: winning over 77% of contested seats in the November 2015 general election and more than 82% of votes in the November 2020 election, enabling control of both houses of parliament and most state assemblies.^[26]^[27] Under the 2008 constitution reserving 25% of seats for the military and key ministries for active-duty officers, the NLD governed from 2016 to 2021, with Suu Kyi wielding influence as State Counsellor—a role bypassing constitutional restrictions on her presidency due to her foreign-born children.^[24] Policies emphasized economic liberalization, poverty reduction, and partial reconciliation with ethnic armed groups, but progress stalled amid constitutional barriers and military obstruction.^[28] On February 1, 2021, the military, led by Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, staged a coup d'état, detaining Suu Kyi, President Win Myint, and hundreds of NLD lawmakers on allegations of electoral fraud in the 2020 vote—claims disputed by international monitors who found no evidence of irregularities sufficient to alter outcomes.^[28]^[29] The junta dissolved the NLD in March 2023 for failing to re-register under new laws, rendering it illegal domestically.^[30] As of October 2025, Suu Kyi remains imprisoned on charges including corruption and election-related offenses, while NLD remnants operate underground or in exile, rejecting the junta's planned December 2025 elections as illegitimate and pledging to thwart them.^[31]^[32] Ideologically, the NLD advocates liberal democracy, human rights, and non-violence, drawing from Suu Kyi's writings and the party's charter emphasizing rule of law and federalism.^[20] Yet, it has faced criticism for centralizing power around Suu Kyi, sidelining ethnic minority demands for autonomy, and inadequate reforms on federal structure—issues rooted in its Bamar-majority base and reluctance to challenge military dominance fully.^[21]^[33] A major controversy arose from the NLD's response to the 2016-2017 military clearance operations in Rakhine State against Rohingya militants of the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), which involved insurgent attacks on police posts killing at least 12 officers.^[34] The operations displaced over 700,000 Rohingya to Bangladesh amid reports of violence, prompting Western accusations of genocide; Suu Kyi defended the military at the International Court of Justice in 2019, rejecting genocidal intent and framing the Rohingya as partly illegal Bengali migrants under Myanmar's 1982 citizenship law excluding those without pre-1823 documentation.^[35]^[28] This stance, aligning with prevailing Burmese views of Rohingya as non-indigenous, preserved domestic support but eroded the NLD's global reputation, highlighting tensions between majority ethnic interests and minority protections in a multi-ethnic federation.^[33]^[36]

Other political entities

The National League for Democracy (NLD) is a registered political party in Tanzania, operating as part of the country's multiparty system established following constitutional amendments in 1992.^[37] The party's constitution emphasizes restoring public self-confidence eroded under colonial rule and one-party governance, advocating for democratic principles and self-reliance.^[37] In national elections, the NLD has maintained a marginal presence, contesting parliamentary and presidential races without securing significant seats or influence. For instance, during the 2005 general elections held on 14 December, the party participated but garnered limited support amid dominance by the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM).^[38] More recently, in April 2025, the NLD announced a new leadership team, signaling ongoing organizational efforts despite its minor status.^[39] The party fielded a candidate in the October 2025 presidential election as part of the broader general elections, aligning with its commitment to multiparty competition, though outcomes reflected continued challenges in voter mobilization.^[40] No other major political entities globally abbreviate as NLD with comparable prominence outside Myanmar and Tanzania contexts.

Health and neurodevelopment

Nonverbal learning disorder

Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD), also termed developmental visuospatial disorder, is a proposed neurodevelopmental condition marked by pronounced deficits in visual-spatial processing, motor coordination, and social perception, contrasted with relative strengths in verbal abilities and rote memorization.^[7]^[41] Individuals typically exhibit a significant discrepancy where verbal IQ exceeds performance IQ by at least 15-20 points on standardized tests, alongside impairments in interpreting nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and spatial relationships.^[42] This profile leads to challenges in mathematics, executive functioning, and adapting to novel situations, despite intact or superior phonological processing and vocabulary.^[43] Core symptoms include difficulties with visuospatial tasks, such as drawing geometric shapes accurately or navigating physical spaces, often resulting in clumsy motor skills and poor handwriting.^[2] Socially, affected individuals may struggle to infer others' intentions from nonverbal signals, leading to misinterpretations in peer interactions, though they often rely heavily on verbal explanations to compensate.^[3] Additional features encompass anxiety, executive dysfunction like planning deficits, and tactile hypersensitivity, with academic underperformance particularly in nonverbal domains such as geometry over reading comprehension.^[44] Unlike autism spectrum disorders, NVLD preserves strong verbal fluency and lacks repetitive behaviors or sensory aversions as primary traits, though overlaps in social awkwardness exist; peer-reviewed analyses highlight NVLD's emphasis on right-hemisphere visuospatial weaknesses rather than broader communication impairments seen in Asperger's syndrome.^[45]^[46] Prevalence estimates from large-scale analyses of clinical and normative data suggest NVLD affects 3-4% of children and adolescents, though underdiagnosis is common due to the absence of formal diagnostic criteria in manuals like the DSM-5.^[7]^[47] Recent studies applying stricter visuospatial deficit thresholds report ranges of 1-8%, underscoring variability tied to definitional inconsistencies across research.^[48] Etiological factors remain incompletely elucidated but point to neurobiological origins, including potential white matter anomalies in the right cerebral hemisphere and corpus callosum dysconnectivity, as evidenced by neuroimaging in affected cohorts; genetic links are hypothesized but lack robust confirmation.^[49]^[50] Diagnosis relies on comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, emphasizing observed discrepancies in IQ subtests, adaptive functioning assessments, and exclusion of sensory or intellectual impairments; however, the lack of consensus criteria— with visuospatial deficits as the most validated marker—hampers reliability, prompting calls for standardized inclusion in future classifications like developmental visuospatial disorder.^[42]^[51] Management focuses on targeted interventions such as occupational therapy for motor skills, explicit social skills training to decode nonverbal cues, and academic accommodations like verbal-based math instruction, though evidence for efficacy is preliminary and draws from small-scale studies rather than randomized trials.^[52] Comorbid conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders, frequently co-occur, necessitating multidisciplinary approaches to address cascading effects on daily functioning.^[53] Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD) frequently co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with research indicating that ADHD is the most common comorbid diagnosis among children meeting NVLD criteria, affecting visual-spatial processing alongside executive function deficits.^[54] Anxiety disorders represent the second most prevalent comorbidity, often exacerbating social and adaptive challenges due to NVLD's impact on nonverbal cue interpretation.^[54] ^[55] Symptom overlap exists with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly in pragmatic language difficulties and social skills impairments, though NVLD typically features intact verbal abilities and lacks ASD's repetitive behaviors or symbolic play deficits.^[56] ^[57] Depression is associated, stemming from chronic academic and interpersonal failures that erode self-esteem, with rates elevated in NVLD populations compared to typical neurodevelopmental profiles.^[58] ^[59] Other linked conditions include specific learning disorders in mathematics or executive functioning, though NVLD's core visuospatial deficits distinguish it from verbal-based disabilities like dyslexia.^[55] Comorbidities with these neurodevelopmental disorders underscore NVLD's heterogeneous presentation, often necessitating multidisciplinary assessment to differentiate primary from secondary symptoms.^[44]

Other uses

Telecommunications and business

National Long Distance (NLD) services encompass the provision of switched bearer telecommunication traffic over extended distances within a single country, typically regulated to ensure national connectivity beyond local access networks. In regulatory contexts such as India's Department of Telecommunications (DoT), NLD operators are licensed to interconnect licensed service areas (LSAs), facilitating voice, data, and other services across regions without geographic restrictions within the nation.^[60]^[61] The NLD licensing framework, administered by bodies like India's DoT, permits authorized entities to establish, maintain, and operate long-distance networks, including infrastructure for high-capacity fiber optics and next-generation networks (NGN). For instance, as of 2025, NLD licensees can carry traffic between LSAs, supporting both domestic voice carriage and broadband backhaul.^[62]^[63] RailTel Corporation of India, a state-owned provider, operates as a neutral NLD player with a nationwide NGN rollout, emphasizing reliable voice and data transmission for enterprise and government applications.^[63] In the business sector, NLD services enable enterprises to achieve seamless, low-latency connectivity across multiple locations, critical for operations involving distributed data centers, supply chain management, and real-time collaboration. Providers like Bharti Airtel deliver NLD solutions with dedicated IP transit, supporting high-volume data flows over robust fiber infrastructure spanning thousands of kilometers.^[64]^[65] Such services have expanded national networks, as seen in projects covering 65,000 km of fiber, enhancing reliability for business-critical communications.^[65] The global NLD and International Long Distance (ILD) telecom market, valued at approximately USD 20 billion for NLD in 2024, is forecasted to reach USD 34 billion by 2035, driven by demand for scalable bandwidth amid digital transformation.^[66] In India, where NLD dominates domestic long-haul traffic, the segment benefits from regulatory liberalization since the early 2000s, allowing non-exclusive licenses with entry fees around INR 100 million and performance bank guarantees.^[67]^[68] Businesses leverage NLD for cost-effective alternatives to local loops, often integrating with access providers via point-of-interconnect agreements to minimize transit costs.^[69]

Miscellaneous applications

In sports, NLD refers to the North London Derby, the Premier League association football rivalry between Arsenal F.C. and Tottenham Hotspur F.C., both based in North London, England.^[70] The fixture has produced 182 competitive matches as of January 2025, with Arsenal holding a historical edge of 74 wins to Tottenham's 56.^[71] It is noted for high-stakes encounters, including 24 penalties awarded in Premier League history alone, more than any other fixture.^[72] In U.S. national security, NLD designates the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness Program, enacted via the Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act of 1996 (part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997).^[73] This initiative, named after Senators Sam Nunn, Richard Lugar, and Pete Domenici, allocated over $1 billion from 1997 to 2001 for training, equipment, and exercises to bolster state and local responses to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents, prioritizing 120 high-threat urban areas.^[74]^[75] Evaluations by the Government Accountability Office highlighted needs for improved threat-risk assessments to allocate resources effectively.^[76] In artificial intelligence and computational linguistics, NLD stands for Natural Language Dialogue, encompassing systems and research aimed at enabling human-like conversational interactions via computational models.^[77] The University of Southern California's Institute for Creative Technologies maintains a Natural Language Dialogue group, established around 2002, which develops algorithms for discourse understanding, generation, and multi-agent communication in virtual environments and robotics.^[78] Early work includes corpus-based approaches to general-purpose dialogue, as explored in AAAI proceedings from 2003.^[79]

References

[1]
What Is Nonverbal Learning Disability (NVLD)? - Cleveland Clinic
Dec 4, 2024 · Nonverbal learning disability (NVLD or NLD) is a condition ... The term nonverbal learning disorder (rather than “disability”) also ...
[2]
What Is Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NVLD)? - Child Mind Institute
NVLD affects other, “nonverbal” kinds of learning like the ability to notice patterns and learn concepts. These include visual patterns, social patterns, and ...What You'll Learn · Nonverbal Learning Disorder... · The Five Areas Of Nvld
[3]
Nonverbal Learning Disorder | Psychology Today
Feb 17, 2022 · In general, NVLD involves problems managing visual-spatial information, such as difficulty drawing, writing, or telling time using analog clocks ...
[4]
Nonverbal Learning Disability (NVLD) - Verywell Mind
Nov 26, 2022 · Nonverbal learning disability is a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by difficulties with visual-spatial processing, executive functioning, ...Areas Of Difficulty... · Symptoms Of Nvld · Recognizing Nvld As An...
[5]
Nonverbal learning disability - ScienceDirect.com
The NLD profile of neuropsychological assets and deficits is strikingly similar to the symptoms ... nonverbal learning disorder model. Arch Clin ...
[6]
Quick Facts On Nonverbal Learning Disorder - Child Mind Institute
Nov 8, 2024 · Nonverbal Learning Disorder (sometimes referred to as NLD or NVLD) is a learning disability that affects a child's ability to recognize and interpret patterns.
[7]
Estimated Prevalence of Nonverbal Learning Disability Among ... - NIH
Apr 10, 2020 · A critical review of the literature on NLD as a developmental disorder. ... Comparison among children with children with autism spectrum disorder, ...
[8]
non-verbal learning disabilities: myth or reality? - ResearchGate
Sep 17, 2018 · The evidence suggests a strong controversy among researchers about many aspects of the disorder, which leads to the need to define a commonly ...
[9]
Nonverbal learning disabilities: A critical review
It is argued that NLD presents a broad hypothesis, but that there is little evidence to support its use in clinical practice. Keywords: Nonverbal · Learning ...
[10]
NVLD: What is it and Why is it Not in the DSM?, by Benjamin Meyer ...
There exists some controversy regarding a diagnosis called NVLD (Nonverbal Learning Disorder). It is defined as a set of strengths in verbal memory and ...Missing: empirical | Show results with:empirical
[11]
Nonverbal Learning Disability: What the SLP Needs to Know
Although we do not yet have conclusive empirical evidence to substantiate clinical accounts of language and communication problems, it appears that these ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[12]
Nonverbal Learning Disabilities: A Clinical Perspective
Apr 1, 2007 · Nonverbal learning disorder (NLD) is a neurobehavioral disorder defined by impairment in the processing of nonlinguistic visual-perceptual information.
[13]
NL - Netherlands (Kingdom of the) - ISO
Full name. the Kingdom of the Netherlands ; Alpha-3 code. NLD ; Numeric code. 528 ; Independent. Yes ; Status. Officially assigned.
[14]
Netherlands Country Code 31 - Worldometer
E.164 (Country Calling) CODE: 31. ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 CODE: NLD. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 CODE: NL. ISO 3166-1 numeric CODE: 528. Country code top-level domain (ccTLD) ...
[15]
ISO 639-2 Language Code List - The Library of Congress
Dec 21, 2017 · Note: ISO 639-2 is the alpha-3 code in Codes for the representation of names of languages-- Part 2. ... nld (T), nl, Dutch; Flemish, néerlandais; ...
[16]
Dutch Language (NLD) - Ethnologue
Dutch is the official national language of Netherlands. It belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is used as a language of instruction in education.<|control11|><|separator|>
[17]
Country Codes - World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS)
The country code table includes the WITS System country names for ... NLD. 528. Netherlands Antilles. ANT. 530. Neutral Zone. NZE. 536. New Caledonia. NCL.
[18]
List of country codes by alpha-2, alpha-3 code (ISO 3166) - IBAN
NLD, 528. New Caledonia, NC, NCL, 540. New Zealand, NZ, NZL, 554. Nicaragua, NI, NIC, 558. Niger (the), NE, NER, 562. Nigeria, NG, NGA, 566. Niue, NU, NIU, 570.
[19]
CountryCode.org: Netherlands Country Code 31 Country Code NL
Netherlands Country Code +31. +31. Country Calling Code. NL. 2 Digit ISO. NLD. 3 Digit ISO. How To Call Netherlands. Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American ...
[20]
NLD - Wikipedia
Dutch language (ISO 639-3 language code nld ) · Nagaland, a state in northeastern India (postal code NLD ) · The Netherlands (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code NLD ) ...Missing: regional | Show results with:regional
[21]
National League for Democracy : CALD
The NLD was formed in the aftermath of the 8888 Uprising, a series of protests in favour of democracy which took place in August 8, 1998, and was ended when the ...
[22]
The National League for Democracy - Transnational Institute
Oct 2, 2020 · The National League for Democracy (NLD) was founded on 27 September 1988 under the leadership of U Aung Shwe, U Tin Oo, U Kyi Maung, Daw Aung ...
[23]
TIMELINE: 29 Years of the National League for Democracy
Sep 28, 2017 · As the National League for Democracy party turns 29 on Wednesday, The Irrawaddy looks back at Myanmar's most prominent political party's history
[24]
National League for Democracy | political party, Myanmar - Britannica
The National League for Democracy (NLD), which Suu Kyi had cofounded in 1988, won more than 80 percent of the parliamentary seats that were contested in 1990.
[25]
Timeline: Events in troubled Myanmar since Suu Kyi's NLD ... - Reuters
Feb 1, 2021 · November 2015: The National League for Democracy (NLD) wins a general election by a landslide and Suu Kyi assumes power in a specially created ...
[26]
Myanmar's National League for Democracy at a Crossroads
Democratic Legitimacy at Risk Under the leadership of Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, the National League for Democracy (NLD) assumed power in Myanmar on 30 ...<|separator|>
[27]
Final Myanmar results show Aung San Suu Kyi's party won 77% of ...
Nov 23, 2015 · Official results announced after ballots from isolated mountain townships arrived in the capital for counting more than a week after ...
[28]
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/myanmar-history-coup-military-rule-ethnic-conflict-rohingya
[29]
Myanmar's Troubled History: Coups, Military Rule, and Ethnic Conflict
Throughout its decades of independence, Myanmar has struggled with military rule, civil war, poor governance, and widespread poverty.
[30]
Understanding the Military Coup in Myanmar, Two Years Later
Mar 15, 2023 · NLD and Western miscalculations Aung San Suu Kyi's administration, which probably underestimated the real prospect of a coup, has faced ...
[31]
Myanmar military dissolves Aung San Suu Kyi's NLD party - Al Jazeera
Mar 28, 2023 · NLD led by Suu Kyi among 40 parties dissolved after failing to meet registration deadline, according to state TV.
[32]
https://www.facebook.com/theirrawaddy/posts/nld-vows-to-stop-juntas-planned-electionseptember-27-2025the-national-league-for/1239260091562479/
[33]
NLD vows to stop junta's planned election September 27, 2025 The ...
Sep 27, 2025 · NLD vows to stop junta's planned election September 27, 2025 The National League for Democracy (NLD) has reaffirmed that it will “not accept ...<|separator|>
[34]
Can Myanmar's National League for Democracy Play A Unifying ...
Dec 4, 2023 · The National League for Democracy must confront both its internal and external challenges to help Myanmar's democratic movement overcome the junta.
[35]
Civil War in Myanmar | Global Conflict Tracker
Oct 1, 2025 · The Rohingya have long faced persecution from the ethnic Bamar majority, who often call them “Bengali” to discredit their right to live in ...Missing: controversy | Show results with:controversy
[36]
Myanmar Rohingya: What you need to know about the crisis - BBC
Jan 23, 2020 · A report published by UN investigators in August 2018 accused Myanmar's military of carrying out mass killings and rapes with "genocidal intent" ...
[37]
Burma: Suu Kyi's Missteps | Journal of Democracy
Her mocking Facebook dismissal of a Rohingya woman's charges of sexual assault by soldiers as a “fake rape” story sparked outrage across the globe but likely ...Missing: controversy | Show results with:controversy
[38]
[PDF] KATIBA NLD.pdf
The National League for Democracy is, of course, not a branch of any other political party. But this is not to say that, the Party intends to be a loner ...
[39]
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA (Bunge ), Full text
Affiliation date(s), 1984 -. LEADERSHIP. President, Job Ndugai (M). Notes, Elected on 17 ... James Mbatia) and the National League for Democracy (NLD) led by Mr.
[40]
Tanzania's NLD unveils new team of leaders - Daily News
Apr 11, 2025 · This message was delivered by the Representative of Makini Political Party, Ameir. ... Tanzania's NLD unveils new team of leaders. Nancy ...
[41]
Tanzanian Presidency 2025 General - IFES Election Guide
Candidate filing deadline: 27 August 2025. Voter registration deadline: 4 July 2025 ... National League for Democracy (NLD). Majalio Paul KYARA. Party: Sauti ya ...
[42]
Nonverbal learning disability (developmental visuospatial disorder)
Nonverbal learning disability is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a core deficit in visuospatial processing with possibly associated problems in attention ...
[43]
Systematic Review: Nonverbal Learning Disability - ScienceDirect.com
Deficits in visuospatial ability/intelligence was the most common criterion used, followed by discrepancy between verbal and nonverbal intelligence (VIQ>PIQ ...Missing: causes | Show results with:causes
[44]
Systematic Review: Nonverbal Learning Disability - PubMed
Apr 20, 2021 · Deficits in visuospatial ability/intelligence was the most common criterion used, followed by discrepancy between verbal and nonverbal ...
[45]
Report of a Work Group on Nonverbal Learning Disability
In an earlier systematic review of the empirical literature on NVLD, it was concluded that despite the variation in how NVLD is defined, there is strong ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[46]
[PDF] NLD and Asperger's Disorder | Yellowbrick
A close comparison of the features of NLD and Asperger's Disorder along three different perspectives demonstrates that they are different disorders with ...
[47]
Asperger syndrome and nonverbal learning difficulties in adult males
Nov 16, 2014 · A specific overlap between Asperger syndrome (AS) and nonverbal learning difficulties (NLD) has been proposed.
[48]
Estimated Prevalence of Nonverbal Learning Disability Among ...
Apr 1, 2020 · The findings suggest that the prevalence of NVLD in children and adolescents may be 3% to 4%. Given that few youths are diagnosed with NVLD ...
[49]
Estimating the prevalence of Non-Verbal Learning Disability (NVLD ...
Apr 8, 2024 · Based on the criteria used, the estimated prevalence of NVLD varied from 1 to 8%. Furthermore, children with NVLD showed a dissociation between ...
[50]
Nonverbal learning disability - PubMed
The child with NLD presents with problems in visual, spatial, and tactile perception but with strengths in rote verbal skills. Traditionally, these children ...
[51]
Nonverbal learning disabilities: a critical review - PubMed
This article presents a critical review of the term and concept of nonverbal learning disability (NLD). After a brief historical introduction, ...
[52]
Report of a Work Group on Nonverbal Learning Disability ... - PubMed
A standard definition for NVLD, reconceptualized as DVSD and included in DSM, will lead to improved identification of youth with clinically significant visual- ...
[53]
Helping Children With Nonverbal Learning Disability - PubMed
Helping Children With Nonverbal Learning Disability: What I Have Learned From Living With Nonverbal Learning Disability.
[54]
Auditory processing disorder in children diagnosed with nonverbal ...
The results indicate that children with NVLD are at risk for APD and that there are several indicators on neuropsychological assessment suggestive of APD.<|separator|>
[55]
Estimated Prevalence of Nonverbal Learning Disability Among ...
Apr 10, 2020 · The first and second most common diagnoses received by those identified as meeting criteria for NVLD were ADHD and anxiety disorder, ...
[56]
What is a Nonverbal Learning Disability? - NESCA
There is a high rate of comorbid, or co-occurring, diagnoses in individuals with NLD, including things such as ADHD, anxiety disorders, specific learning ...
[57]
Do comorbid symptoms discriminate between autism spectrum ...
May 5, 2022 · Our findings confirmed that symptoms of anxiety and depression, and problems with pragmatic language are associated with different neurodevelopmental disorders.
[58]
Do comorbid symptoms discriminate between autism spectrum ...
Our findings confirmed that symptoms of anxiety and depression, and problems with pragmatic language are associated with different neurodevelopmental disorders.
[59]
Comorbidities Between Specific Learning Disorders and ... - Frontiers
Apr 27, 2020 · In children with a SLD we found high rates of anxiety disorder (21%), depression (28%), ADHD (28%), and conduct disorder (22%). Children with ...
[60]
Does your patient have a psychiatric illness or nonverbal learning ...
May 1, 2011 · Persons with NLD are at increased risk for depression because of failures in coping, loss of self-esteem, internalized psychopathology, and ...<|separator|>
[61]
UL-National Long Distance (NLD) Service - Telecom eServices Portal
Jun 17, 2025 · National Long Distance (ILD) services licensee can carry telecommunication traffic from one Licensed Service area (LSA) to another LSA.
[62]
Satellite - Telecom Network - NLD Service
Aug 14, 2025 · National Long Distance (NLD) Service refers to the carriage of switched bearer telecommunication service over long distance within India.
[63]
NLD License from DoT India
The NLD License, issued by the DoT India, stands for National Long Distance License. It grants authorized entities the privilege to establish and operate long- ...
[64]
National Long Distance (NLD) Service Providers in India | RailTel
RailTel is a National Long Distance (NLD) Service provider. RailTel is the only neutral player in the country to roll out the “State of the Art” NGN.Missing: telecommunications | Show results with:telecommunications
[65]
NLD (National Long Distance) services with dedicated IP by Airtel
Unhindered communication across long distances. Airtel NLD lets you seamlessly transmit data across multiple locations, across the country.Missing: telecommunications | Show results with:telecommunications
[66]
Expanding India's NLD Network with High-Capacity Fibre ... - Invenia
Telcos National Long Distance (NLD) Network Rollout is a massive infrastructure project aimed at providing high-quality, high-speed, and reliable data and ...<|separator|>
[67]
NLD and ILD Telecom Service Market Size And Drivers 2035
The NLD service is forecasted to hold a significant market share with a valuation of 20.0 USD Billion in 2024, expanding to 34.0 USD Billion by 2035, thereby ...
[68]
NLD vs ILD License: Key Differences & Similarities - Registrationwala
Sep 27, 2022 · An NLD (National Long Distance) License allows telecom companies to provide long-distance voice and data services within India, connecting calls ...
[69]
NLD And ILD Telecom Services Market Size & Share Analysis
May 5, 2025 · The NLD and ILD Telecom Services market is expected to register a CAGR of 5.22% during the forecast period.
[70]
[PDF] NLD Brochure_A5 - Airtel
Airtel National Long Distance (NLD) service offers seamless data and voice transmission across India with the help of a robust network – touching even the ...
[71]
Arsenal and Tottenham Hotspur to play first north London derby ...
Mar 31, 2025 · Tottenham Hotspur and Arsenal will face off in Hong Kong in July for what will be the first north London derby to take place outside of the UK.
[72]
North London Derby History Tottenham Hotspur vs. Arsenal ...
North London Derby History Tottenham Hotspur vs. Arsenal Historical Head-to-Head. Tottenham Hotspur Club Crest. Tottenham Hotspur. 56 wins. 48 draws. 74 losses.
[73]
5 obscure stats about north London derby history - Arsenal.com
Jan 14, 2025 · No fixture in Premier League history has seen more penalties awarded than in the north London derby, with 24 of the 26 spot-kicks being awarded ...
[74]
Combating Terrorism: Threat and Risk Assessments Can Help ...
... Nunn-Lugar-Domenici (NLD) domestic preparedness program, focusing on: (1) threat and risk assessment approaches used by several public and private sector ...
[75]
Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness Program
This article provides the purpose and components of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness Program (NLD-DPP). Abstract. This program provides training ...
[76]
#412: 08-17-01 JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AWARDS OHIO $1.8 ...
Aug 17, 2001 · The Dayton exercise is part of the Office of Justice Programs' Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness program (NLD-DPP). The goal of the NLD ...
[77]
Combating Terrorism: Threat and Risk Assessments Can Help ...
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the implementation of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici (NLD) domestic preparedness program, focusing on: (1)...
[78]
Natural Language Dialogue group
The primary goal of the ICT Natural Language Dialogue Group is to create computational models of purposeful communication between individuals.
[79]
Natural Language Understanding
Institute for Creative Technologies Natural Language Dialogue group · Primary links · Natural Language Understanding · NLD Group Leaders · People · Alumni · Projects.
[80]
[PDF] Fully Corpus-Based Natural Language Dialogue System
To explore the general-purpose natural language dialogue. (NLD), our method is to use linguistic corpora. The corpora are sets of sentences. As the counter ...

NLD