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William Collier Jr.

William Collier Jr. (February 12, 1902 – February 5, 1987) was an American stage and film actor and producer known for his work in over 80 silent and early sound era motion pictures.^[1] Born Charles F. Gall Jr. in New York City to vaudeville performer Paula Marr and businessman Charles F. Gall Sr., he entered show business at age seven on stage after his mother's remarriage to actor William Collier Sr., who adopted him and inspired his professional name.^[2] Collier debuted in films at 14 with The Bugle Call (1916) and became a leading man in the 1920s, transitioning successfully to talkies with roles such as Tony Passa in the gangster classic Little Caesar (1931), The Kid in the epic Cimarron (1931), and Sam Kaplan in Street Scene (1931).^[22] Collier's career spanned more than two decades as an actor, with his final film role in The People's Enemy (1935), after which he shifted focus to producing, including work on shorts like The Sunday Round-Up (1937).^[22] He also produced television series during the 1950s and earned a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6340 Hollywood Boulevard on February 8, 1960.^[1]^[4] In his personal life, Collier married actress Marie Stevens in 1934; they had a daughter, Constance, before Stevens's death in 1981, and he passed away in San Francisco from arteriosclerosis at age 84.^[2]

Early Life

Birth and Family Background

William Collier Jr. was born Charles F. Gall Jr. on February 12, 1902, in New York City.^[5] His biological parents were Paula Marr, a stage actress, and Charles F. Gall, a theater manager whose work involved managing productions and venues in the burgeoning entertainment scene.^[5] The family's early life was steeped in the performing arts, reflecting the era's vibrant New York theater culture. Following the divorce of his biological parents, Paula Marr remarried prominent stage actor William Collier Sr. in 1910.^[5] Collier Sr., known for his extensive career in vaudeville and legitimate theater—including starring roles in productions like On the Quiet (1901–1902) and Caught in the Rain (1906–1907)—adopted his stepson and bestowed upon him the stage name William Collier Jr.^[6]^[5] This adoption not only formalized the family unit but also integrated the young Charles into the professional world of entertainment, with his stepfather providing direct guidance in acting techniques.^[1] Collier Jr. became known by the nickname "Buster," which emerged from his initial forays into performance under the stage name Buster Marr beginning in 1909.^[5] The household environment, dominated by his mother's acting pursuits and stepfather's vaudeville and theatrical endeavors, fostered an immersive exposure to the stage from infancy, shaping his foundational understanding of the industry.^[5]^[6]

Childhood Illness and Initial Exposure to Theater

At the age of seven, William Collier Jr., originally named Charles F. Gall Jr., received his initial exposure to theater through his family's involvement in the industry; his mother, Paula Marr, was an actress, and his biological father, Charles F. Gall Sr., managed theaters, which facilitated informal performances in family-related productions before any formal stage entry.^[7] These early experiences, beginning as early as 1909 under the stage name Buster Marr, allowed him to participate in non-professional roles that honed his budding interest in acting amid a household steeped in show business.^[7] In 1910, while his family was in Denver, Collier, then eight years old, faced a severe health crisis, hospitalized first with scarlet fever and subsequently complicated by typhoid fever.^[8] He eventually recovered from these illnesses, demonstrating remarkable resilience that marked a turning point in his young life.^[8] Following his recovery, Collier made a significant milestone appearance at the Elitch Theatre in Denver, joining his parents—stepfather William Collier Sr. and mother Paula Marr—in a production of The Patriot, where he portrayed the role of Kid Sugar during the week of August 14.^[9] This performance not only signified his return to performing but also underscored the supportive family environment that nurtured his early theatrical inclinations, building his confidence ahead of future professional endeavors.^[8]

Stage Career

Early Stage Debuts and Broadway Roles

William Collier Jr. made his professional stage debut at the age of seven in the Broadway farce The Patriot, co-written by and starring his stepfather, William Collier Sr..^[10] The production opened on November 23, 1908, at the Garrick Theatre and ran for 160 performances until April 1909, set in a gold mine in Bull Frog, Nevada. Collier Jr. portrayed a minor role billed as "Buster" Collier Jr., marking his entry into the professional theater world under the influence of his family's acting background.^[10] Following this debut, Collier Jr. spent several years performing on the vaudeville circuits alongside his stepfather, traveling extensively and adapting to the demands of short, varied acts that emphasized timing, improvisation, and audience engagement.^[11] This vaudeville experience, as documented in historical accounts of the era, provided a foundational training ground for his skills, exposing him to diverse comedic and dramatic styles that would inform his later work. The fast-paced nature of vaudeville circuits helped shape his versatility as a performer during his formative years. Collier Jr. continued his stage work primarily through vaudeville until transitioning to films in 1916. His stage performing career as an actor extended from 1908 to around 1916, primarily through vaudeville following his early Broadway debut.^[11]

Production Ventures in Theater

At the age of 20, William Collier Jr. ventured into theater production with his first credited effort on Broadway, co-producing the comedy-drama Extra alongside Jack Alicoate.^[12] The play, written by Alicoate and staged by Walter Wilson, opened at the Longacre Theatre on January 23, 1923, and ran for a limited engagement through February 1923.^[12]^[13] This production marked Collier's initial step behind the scenes, drawing on his established acting background from childhood roles and his family's deep ties to the theater world—his mother, Paula Marr, was an actress, his biological father, Charles F. Gall, managed theaters, and his stepfather, William Collier Sr., was a prominent stage star.^[14]^[7] Collier's involvement in Extra showcased his early acumen for production, though the run's brevity—spanning just over a month—reflected the challenges of mounting shows in the competitive Broadway landscape of the early 1920s.^[12] Leveraging his prior on-stage experience, which had familiarized him with rehearsal dynamics and audience expectations, he contributed to a work that blended comedic elements with dramatic tension, though specific directorial or creative roles beyond producing are not detailed in records.^[14] This endeavor highlighted his transition from performer to producer, utilizing familial networks to secure backing and talent for the mounting. Despite this promising start, Collier's theater producing remained confined to this single Broadway credit, as he soon pivoted toward opportunities in the burgeoning film industry by the mid-1920s.^[14] The limited scope of his stage production work underscored a brief exploratory phase, bridging his acting roots with later behind-the-scenes pursuits in cinema.^[14]

Film Career

Silent Era Breakthroughs

William Collier Jr. made his film debut at age 14 in the 1916 silent drama The Bugle Call, directed by Reginald Barker for Triangle Film Corporation, where he portrayed the juvenile lead Billy Andrews in a story of frontier life and military camaraderie.^[15]^[16] His established stage experience from childhood performances in his father's productions enabled this early entry into cinema, allowing him to transition seamlessly from theater to the screen as a versatile young actor.^[1] Throughout the 1920s, Collier rose to prominence as a leading man in silent films, appearing in approximately 40 to 50 productions that showcased his charm and dramatic range, solidifying his reputation as a matinee idol.^[4]^[18] These roles often cast him in romantic and adventurous narratives, where he excelled as the youthful hero navigating love, conflict, and redemption, appealing to audiences during the era's booming film industry. Among his notable silent films was The Heart of Maryland (1921), a Vitagraph production adapted from David Belasco's play, in which Collier played Lloyd Calvert, a Union officer torn between loyalty and romance amid the Civil War.^[19] He further demonstrated his leading-man prowess in The Wanderer (1925), directed by Raoul Walsh for Paramount Pictures, portraying Jether, a shepherd who squanders his inheritance in Babylon before returning home in a tale inspired by the Biblical parable of the prodigal son.^[20]^[21] Collier's frequent pairings with prominent female leads in such romantic dramas enhanced his popularity, contributing to his status as one of the decade's most sought-after young actors.^[4]

Sound Films and Career Transition

Collier successfully transitioned to sound films in the late 1920s, leveraging his established stage and silent screen presence to secure roles in early talkies. Over his career, he appeared in a total of 89 films, with many of his sound-era performances showcasing his versatility in supporting and character parts during the pre-Code Hollywood period.^[1] In the early 1930s, Collier achieved some of his most notable sound roles, including the anxious gangster Tony Passa in Mervyn LeRoy's Little Caesar (1931), a seminal crime drama that highlighted his ability to portray tense, streetwise figures. He also took on supporting roles such as The Kid in the epic Western Cimarron (1931), directed by Wesley Ruggles; Sam Kaplan, the earnest neighbor in King Vidor's adaptation of Elmer Rice's play Street Scene (1931); Bud Conway in Frank Capra's circus comedy Rain or Shine (1930); and a staging credit on John Ford's prison comedy Up the River (1930), where he contributed to the film's dynamic ensemble scenes featuring Spencer Tracy and Humphrey Bogart in their debuts. These performances demonstrated Collier's adaptability to the demands of synchronized dialogue and sound design, building on his silent-era popularity without major disruption.^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25] As the decade progressed, Collier continued with a mix of lead and supporting roles in B-pictures and dramas, including Bruce Harrington in the railroad thriller The Phantom Express (1932), directed by Emory Johnson; Toddy Gowan in the controversial pre-Code adaptation The Story of Temple Drake (1933); James 'Jimmy' Martin Jr. in the romantic drama Public Stenographer (1933); Johnnie Beasley in the comedy Reducing (1931); Floyd Stevens in the musical Dancers in the Dark (1932); and Jimmie Dolan in the family-oriented The County Fair (1932). These films often placed him in narratives exploring social issues, romance, and light adventure, though his opportunities as a leading man diminished as the industry favored fresher faces.^[22]^[26] Collier retired from acting following his final role as Tony Falcone in the crime film The People's Enemy (1935), directed by Crane Wilbur, marking the end of his on-screen career after nearly two decades. His departure coincided with a waning of his leading-man status, prompting a shift toward production work.^[22]

Producing Career

International Film Production

Following his retirement from acting in 1935, William Collier Jr. relocated to England in 1937 to pursue opportunities in film production. He joined Warner Bros.' British subsidiary at Teddington Studios, where he contributed to the output of films tailored for the domestic market.^[7] At Teddington, Collier focused on producing low-budget features during the pre-World War II era, aligning with the studio's role in fulfilling the British Cinematograph Films Act's quota requirements for locally made content. These productions, often completed quickly to meet regulatory demands, helped bolster the British film industry's capacity amid competition from Hollywood imports. Warner Bros. had established Teddington in 1931 specifically for such economical ventures, emphasizing efficient storytelling over high production values, and Collier's involvement supported this model by overseeing aspects of development and execution.^[27]^[28] Collier's work extended into associations with other British entities, such as the Rank Organisation, for which he served as associate producer on London Town (1946) and executive producer on Paper Orchid (1949).^[29]^[30] Though wartime conditions increasingly hampered operations, the outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to significant disruptions, including studio requisitioning and resource shortages, which affected Teddington's activities despite efforts to prioritize film production for morale and propaganda. By the early 1950s, following his final British projects, Collier returned to the United States, concluding his international production phase.^[31]^[7]

Television Series Production

Upon returning to the United States from England in the early 1950s, William Collier Jr. entered the burgeoning field of television production, focusing on adventure and drama series during the 1950s.^[32] In 1950, Collier formed Collier-McGraw Enterprises in partnership with actor Charles McGraw, aiming to develop content for the expanding American television market.^[33] This venture marked his dedicated shift toward producing episodic series, leveraging his prior experience in film production. A key achievement of the partnership was the production of 39 episodes of the syndicated adventure series The Adventures of Falcon in 1954, which featured detective stories adapted from the popular radio and film character, starring Charles McGraw in the lead role.^[33] The series aired widely in syndication, contributing to the early growth of action-oriented TV programming. Collier also served as executive producer on the short-lived adventure drama White Hunter, which ran for 39 episodes from 1957 to 1959 and depicted big-game hunting tales in Africa, starring Rhodes Reason.^[7] Filmed partly in London and incorporating African stock footage, the series reflected Collier's international production influences but was produced for the U.S. audience. Additionally, he was executive producer on Mr. & Mrs. North (1953) and Crossroads (1955).^[34]^[35] Throughout the early to mid-1950s, Collier contributed to several other drama series, helping to shape the format of syndicated television content before retiring from active production work in the late 1950s.^[7] His efforts during this period supported the transition of adventure genres from radio and film to the small screen, emphasizing fast-paced narratives suited to weekly broadcasts.

Personal Life and Legacy

Marriage, Family, and Later Years

William Collier Jr. married actress Marie Stevens, a performer in the Ziegfeld Follies, on December 31, 1934, in Greenwich, Connecticut.^[36]^[7] The couple remained together until Stevens's death in 1981, sharing a marriage that spanned nearly 47 years.^[37] The marriage produced one child, a daughter named Constance, born in 1938.^[38] Collier and Stevens maintained strong ties to the entertainment industry, with Stevens continuing occasional performances early in their union, and the family settling in California upon their return to the United States in the late 1940s.^[38] Their shared professional backgrounds fostered a household immersed in show business connections, though details of daily family life remain private in available records. In his later years, following his production work in the 1950s, Collier entered semi-retirement, focusing more on personal pursuits while making occasional appearances in industry events.^[32] This shift allowed greater emphasis on family time after decades in film and theater. By the 1960s, he had relocated to San Francisco, where he spent his remaining years in relative seclusion.^[39]

Death and Honors

William Collier Jr. died on February 5, 1987, in San Francisco, California, at the age of 84, from arteriosclerosis.^[32] He had resided in the city during his later years. In recognition of his contributions to the motion picture industry, Collier was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on February 8, 1960, located at 6340 Hollywood Boulevard.^[1] Collier's legacy endures through his extensive body of work, encompassing 89 films that spanned the silent era and the transition to sound.^[1] His performances in landmark films such as Little Caesar (1931) are notable in early sound cinema.

References

[1]
William Collier - Hollywood Walk of Fame
William Collier, Jr. was an American film and stage actor who appeared in 89 films. Collier was born as Charles F. Gal, Jr. in New York City.
[2]
William “Buster” Collier Jr. (1902-1987) - Find a Grave Memorial
He was a movie star, stage actor, and film producer. Beginning at the age of 7 on stage and in movies at age 14. His career was enhanced following tours he made ...
[3]
https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/37060%7C155358/William-Collier-Jr
[4]
William "Buster" Collier Jr. papers - Online Archive of California
William "Buster" Collier Jr. (1902-1987) was born in New York City, the son of Paula Marr, an actress, and Charles F. Gall, a theater manager.Missing: origin parents divorce Sr. vaudeville
[5]
Collier, William - 1864 | Smithtown Library
### Summary of William Collier Sr.'s Career in Vaudeville and Theater
[6]
William "Buster" Collier Jr. papers, 1909-1992, bulk 1916-1934 - OAC
He began acting early in life, appearing on stage under the name Buster Marr as early as 1909. In 1910 Paula Marr married the renowned stage actor William ...Missing: exposure age 7
[7]
William Collier (1910) - Denver - Historic Elitch Theatre
In 1910 he appeared at the Elitch Theatre in Denver, Colorado, while his adopted son, William Collier Jr., was recovering from scarlet fever and then typhoid.Missing: illness | Show results with:illness
[8]
1910 – Historic Elitch Theatre
14: The Patriot, by William Collier and J. Hartley Manners, featuring William Collier, Jr., appeared as Kid Sugar. Week of Aug. 21: The Man from Mexico, by ...
[9]
The Patriot – Broadway Play – Original | IBDB
- **Title**: The Patriot
[10]
Buster Collier (William Collier, Jr.) - Travalanche - WordPress.com
Feb 12, 2019 · William Collier, Jr. aka Buster Collier (1902-1878) was a major star of the silent and Pre-Code eras. The most interesting fact about him ...Missing: obituary | Show results with:obituary<|control11|><|separator|>
[11]
Extra – Broadway Play – Original | IBDB
Produced by Jack Alicoate and William Collier, Jr. Written by Jack Alicoate. Staged by Walter Wilson · Frederick Beane. Mr. Jones. Howard Benton. Henderson.
[12]
Extra (Broadway, Longacre Theatre, 1923) - Playbill
... Walter Wilson. Director. William Collier, Jr. Producer. Previous Next. View All Production Team. Pro Info. Closing Date. Feb 1 1923.
[13]
William "Buster" Collier, Jr. – Broadway Cast & Staff - IBDB
William "Buster" Collier, Jr. is credited as Producer and Performer ... IBDB (Internet Broadway Database) archive is the official database for Broadway theatre ...Missing: roles | Show results with:roles
[14]
The Bugle Call (1916) - IMDb
The Bugle Call: Directed by Reginald Barker. With William Collier Jr ... Film debut of William Collier Jr. Details. Edit · Release date · April 30, 1916 ...
[15]
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0006475/
[16]
https://www.virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=NEL19160622.1.11
[17]
William Collier Jr.(1902-1987) - IMDb
William Collier Jr.. Actor: Little Caesar. Buster Collier was born Charles F. Gall Jr. in New York and got his show-business start at the age of seven, ...
[18]
William Collier Jr. – People – Albuquerque Museum - Collections
American silent era stage performer, producer, and a film actor William “Buster” Collier was born in New York City as Charles F. Gall Jr. His mother and ...Missing: parents | Show results with:parents<|control11|><|separator|>
[19]
The Heart of Maryland (1921) - Turner Classic Movies - TCM
William Collier Jr. Lloyd Calvert. Film Details. Release Date. May 1921 ... Based on the novel The Heart of Maryland & Other Plays by David Belasco (Glenn Hughes ...
[20]
The world's most comprehensive Film database - AFI Catalog
The May 1925 AmCin reported that cinematographer Victor Milner was nearing the end of director Raoul Walsh's The Prodigal Son, probably so titled because of the ...
[21]
The Wanderer - Silent Era : Progressive Silent Film List
The Wanderer (1925) United States of America B&W : Nine reels / 8173 feet. Directed by Raoul Walsh. Cast: Greta Nissen [Tisha], William Collier Jr. [Jether] ...
[22]
https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/37060%7C155358/William-Collier-Jr
[23]
Cimarron (1931) - AFI|Catalog
William Collier Jr. The kid · Roscoe Ates. Rosco Ates. Jesse Rickey · George Stone. George E. Stone. Sol Levy · Stanley Fields · Lon Yountis · Robert McWade.
[24]
Street Scene (1931) - Turner Classic Movies - TCM
Cast & Crew ; King Vidor. Director ; Sylvia Sidney. Rose Maurrant ; William Collier Jr. Sam Kaplan ; Estelle Taylor. Anna Maurrant ; Beulah Bondi. Emma Jones ...
[25]
Rain or Shine (1930) - Turner Classic Movies - TCM
Cast & Crew ; Frank Capra. Director ; Joe Cook. "Smiley" Johnson ; Louise Fazenda. Frankie ; Joan Peers. Mary Rainey ; William Collier Jr. Bud Conway ...
[26]
https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/11532
[27]
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01439685.2019.1615292
[28]
The studio as star: Teddington
Sep 14, 2022 · Warner Brothers-First National, an American production and distribution company, took over the site in 1932 so that it might produce low-budget ...Missing: WWII | Show results with:WWII
[29]
[PDF] Requisitioning film studios in wartime Britain
Jul 6, 2022 · Besides Denham the Warner Bros. studio at Teddington was prioritised for protection because it was considered important not to discourage ...
[30]
William Collier Jr. - Biography - IMDb
William Collier Jr.. Actor: Little Caesar. Buster Collier was born Charles F. Gall Jr. in New York and got his show-business start at the age of seven, ...
[31]
William Collier Jr. - Other works - IMDb
William Collier Jr.. Actor: Little Caesar. Buster Collier was born Charles F. Gall Jr. in New York and got his show-business start at the age of seven, ...
[32]
BUSTER COLLIER MARRIES.; Film Actor Weds Marie Stevens in ...
— William (Buster) Collier Jr., motion- picture actor, and Miss Marie Stevens, formerly of the Ziegfeld "Follies," both of New York City, were married here ...
[33]
Marie Stevens Collier (1909-1981) - Find a Grave Memorial
Daughter of: Fred E Stevens, Jr (1887-1979) and Marie E Irwin (1881-1969) (m. 1908) Wife of: Charles Funkenstein Gall, Jr. AKA William "Buster" Collier, Jr
[34]
Marie Stevens | Actress - IMDb
Marie and her husband William lived in London, England for several years. Their daughter, Constance, was born in 1938. The couple were happily married and she ...
[35]
William Collier Jr. - European Film Star Postcards
Nov 23, 2023 · He died of arteriosclerosis in San Francisco in 1987, a week before his 85th birthday. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his film ...