Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Constance

Constance is a feminine given name of Latin origin, derived from the Late Latin Constantia, signifying "steadfastness," "constancy," or "fidelity."^[1]^[2] The name gained prominence in medieval Europe through its association with early Christian virtues of perseverance, entering English-speaking regions via Norman French influences after the 11th century.^[3]^[4] Historically borne by figures such as Constance, Queen of Sicily (1154–1198), who secured the Norman dynasty's continuity amid papal conflicts, it reflects attributes of resilience valued in pre-modern societies.^[5] In contemporary usage, Constance ranks modestly in popularity, often evoking traditional strength rather than fleeting trends, with variants like Connie in informal contexts.^[6]^[7]

Places

Konstanz

Konstanz is a city in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany, positioned on the Rhine River's exit from Lake Constance and directly bordering Switzerland to the south.^[8] The city serves as a key transport and commercial center in the region, with industries including mechanical engineering, textiles, and tourism supporting its economy.^[9] Established as the Roman fort of Constantia in the late 4th century AD during the reign of Emperor Constantine, Konstanz functioned as a strategic military outpost on the lake's southern shore amid barbarian incursions.^[10] Captured by the Alemanni tribe in the 3rd century but re-Romanized, it transitioned into a Christian center by the 6th century, when a bishopric was founded around 585 AD under Bishop Pelagius, granting ecclesiastical authority that endured for over 1,200 years until secularization in 1821 amid Napoleonic reforms.^[11] ^[9] From November 1414 to April 1418, Konstanz hosted the Council of Constance, the 16th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, convened by Emperor Sigismund to resolve the Western Schism involving multiple papal claimants; it deposed two popes, elected Martin V, condemned Jan Hus to death, and asserted conciliar supremacy over papal authority in the decree Haec sancta.^[11] This assembly, attended by up to 30,000 clergy, nobles, and envoys, marked one of medieval Europe's largest international gatherings and elevated the city's profile as a diplomatic venue. The event's legacy persists in landmarks like the Konstanz Minster, originally a Romanesque basilica expanded during the Gothic period. The University of Konstanz, founded on June 21, 1966, as part of West Germany's post-war higher education expansion, now enrolls over 10,000 students and specializes in interdisciplinary research, contributing to the city's modern academic and innovative character.^[12] As of 2023, Konstanz's population stands at approximately 85,000 residents, reflecting steady growth driven by its proximity to economic hubs in Switzerland and appeal as a lakeside residential area.^[13] The preserved medieval Altstadt, featuring half-timbered houses, cobblestone streets, and the 11th-century Imperia statue symbolizing the council's themes of fidelity and infidelity, draws visitors while underscoring the city's historical continuity amid its role as a border trade node.^[9]

Lake Constance

Lake Constance, known as Bodensee in German, is a major freshwater lake in Central Europe with a surface area of approximately 536 km², making it the third-largest by area in the region after Lake Geneva and Lake Maggiore.^[14] The lake lies at an elevation of about 395 meters above sea level and straddles the borders of Germany (primarily Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria), Switzerland, and Austria, with shorelines totaling around 270 km.^[15] Notably, no precise national boundaries are demarcated across the water surface itself; the lake operates as a condominium under joint sovereignty of the three states, allowing free navigation and use without territorial disputes over the open waters, a status rooted in historical treaties and practical cooperation.^[16] Its maximum depth reaches 252 meters in the eastern Obersee section, with an average depth of about 90 meters.^[17] ^[15] The lake is hydrologically divided into three main parts: the larger Upper Lake (Obersee), which constitutes the bulk of the area; the smaller Lower Lake (Untersee) in the west; and the narrow Seerhein strait connecting them, through which the Rhine River flows.^[18] ^[19] Primarily fed by the Rhine, which enters from the Alpine Rhine in the southeast and exits as the High Rhine in the northwest near Konstanz, the lake receives additional inflows from tributaries like the Bregenzer Ach and Argen, contributing to a volume of roughly 48.5 km³.^[19] Water levels fluctuate seasonally, influenced by Alpine snowmelt and precipitation, with retention times averaging 2.5 to 4 years. Ecologically, Lake Constance serves as a biodiversity hotspot, particularly for waterbirds, with over 300 species recorded in surrounding wetlands and the Rhine Delta, including migratory populations of tufted ducks, pochards, and great crested grebes.^[20] The lake supports around 30 fish species, historically dominated by whitefish (Coregonus* spp.) and perch (Perca fluviatilis), sustaining commercial fisheries that have faced pressures from invasive species like three-spined stickleback, which now comprise up to 80% of biomass in parts of the Upper Lake.^[21] ^[22] Water management is governed by international frameworks, including the 1966 Agreement Regulating Water Withdrawal and the International Commission for the Protection of Lake Constance (IGKB), formed in 1972 to address pollution, eutrophication, and cross-border coordination, leading to significant improvements in water quality since the mid-20th century.^[23]

Other locations

Constance Bay is a suburban community in the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, situated on the north shore of the Ottawa River in the West Carleton-March ward.^[24] It features sandy beaches and seasonal cottages alongside year-round residences, with approximately 2,263 residents recorded in 2016.^[24] The area includes protected natural features like the Constance Bay Sand Hills, a provincially significant dune forest.^[25] Constance Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree community in Cochrane District, northeastern Ontario, Canada, centered on the reserve of Constance Lake 92.^[26] The band has about 1,605 registered members, with roughly 820 living on-reserve, and occupies territory in the Kenogami River watershed where multiple rivers converge.^[26] It maintains traditional lands while engaging in resource activities like mining.^[26] Constance is an unincorporated community in Boone County, Kentucky, United States, along the Ohio River and Kentucky Route 8, approximately 5 miles east of Burlington.^[27] Established by German settlers, it is historically tied to the Anderson Ferry, operational since 1817 for cross-river transport to Ohio.^[28] Other minor U.S. locales include the now-abandoned site of Constance village in Anoka County, Minnesota, once a small settlement now within modern urban areas. Similarly, Constance in Cedar County, Nebraska, remains a quiet unincorporated rural spot.^[29] These differ markedly from the prominent European Lake Constance and city of Konstanz in scale and historical prominence.

People

Etymology and usage of the given name

The given name Constance derives from the Late Latin Constantia, the feminine form of Constantius, signifying "steadfastness," "constancy," or "fidelity."^[2]^[1] This virtue name emerged in the Roman Empire, embodying qualities of perseverance and loyalty, and entered medieval European usage through Old French Constance, often associated with Christian ideals of moral firmness.^[30] The Normans introduced it to England following the Conquest of 1066, exemplified by its use for a daughter of William the Conqueror, though it remained relatively uncommon until the late Middle Ages.^[1] Primarily a feminine given name in English-speaking regions, Constance gained traction in the 19th century and peaked in popularity during the early-to-mid 20th century. In the United States, it first appeared in Social Security Administration records in 1880 and reached its highest ranking of #163 in 1950, reflecting broader trends in virtue and classic names before a steady decline post-1940s amid shifting preferences toward shorter or more modern monikers.^[31] By the late 20th century, its usage had fallen sharply, numbering in the low hundreds annually by the 2000s, though it persists as an uncommon choice evoking traditional elegance.^[32] Common diminutives include Connie, a shortened form popularized independently in the 20th century, alongside less frequent variants like Conni or Conny.^[33] International equivalents encompass Constanze in German, Costanza in Italian, and Konstanze in some Germanic contexts, but in English usage, it is rarely employed as a masculine name or surname, with the latter deriving more often from Norman place names or unrelated adoptions.^[34]^[4]

Historical figures

Constance of Sicily (1154–1198) was the posthumous daughter of Roger II, the first king of Sicily, born after his death and thus raised amid uncertainties over the Norman dynasty's succession.^[35] She married Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, in 1186, forging a crucial alliance that transferred Sicilian claims to the Hohenstaufen line through their son, Frederick II, born in 1194.^[35] Following the overthrow of the usurper Tancred in 1194, Constance was crowned queen consort and effectively ruled Sicily until her death, navigating papal conflicts and securing the kingdom's continuity despite her advanced age at coronation (40 years old) and lack of earlier heirs.^[36] Her burial in Palermo Cathedral underscored her role in preserving multicultural Norman-Sicilian governance against rival claimants.^[37] Constance of Castile (1354–1394), eldest daughter of Peter I of Castile, emerged as a claimant to the Castilian throne after her father's assassination in 1369 by half-brother Henry II, sparking legitimacy disputes rooted in Peter's contested rule. Her 1371 marriage to John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, positioned her as a dynastic tool for England's intervention in the Hundred Years' War, with Gaunt styling himself King of Castile and leading expeditions in 1386–1387 to press claims, though unsuccessfully against Trastámara consolidation. The union produced a daughter, Philippa, who married Portugal's John I, linking Plantagenet and Aviz lines and influencing Iberian alliances into the 15th century; Constance died in London, her pretensions yielding indirect legacies through descendants rather than direct rule. Constance of York (c. 1374–1416), daughter of Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, embodied Lancastrian-Yorkist tensions as a noblewoman entangled in royal rebellions. Married first to Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester (executed 1400 for conspiracy against Henry IV), she later wed William de Clifford, leveraging her Plantagenet ties for influence amid Wars of the Roses precursors. Her involvement in the Epiphany Rising of 1400, supporting Yorkist restoration, highlighted gendered political agency, though she avoided execution and managed estates post-widowhood.^[38] Constance Mary Wilde (1858–1898), née Lloyd, an Irish intellectual and advocate for women's rights, married Oscar Wilde in 1884, bearing two sons before his 1895 conviction for gross indecency prompted separation. She initiated legal proceedings for judicial separation in 1895, securing custody of the children and changing their surname to Holland to shield them from scandal, while managing family finances amid financial ruin from Oscar's trials and imprisonment.^[39] Dying from surgical complications in Genoa on 7 April 1898, her actions preserved familial stability, reflecting Victorian-era constraints on divorced women without full divorce attainment.^[40]

Modern individuals

Constance Wu (born March 22, 1982) is an American actress who gained prominence for her portrayal of Jessica Huang, a Taiwanese-American matriarch, in the ABC sitcom Fresh Off the Boat from 2015 to 2020.^[41] She received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a Comedy or Musical for her lead role as Rachel Chu in the 2018 romantic comedy Crazy Rich Asians, which grossed over $239 million worldwide.^[42] Constance Zimmer (born October 11, 1970) is an American actress known for her recurring role as Dana Gordon, a network executive, in the HBO series Entourage from 2005 to 2011, and as Claire Simms in the ABC legal drama Boston Legal during the 2006–2007 season.^[43] She later starred as Quinn King, the ruthless producer of a reality dating show, in the Lifetime series Unreal from 2015 to 2018.^[44] Andrew Constance (born October 31, 1973) is an Australian politician affiliated with the Liberal Party who represented the electorate of Bega in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 2003 to 2023.^[45] He held multiple cabinet positions under Liberal-National governments, including Minister for Transport and Roads from April 2019 to March 2023, overseeing infrastructure projects such as the Sydney Metro expansions.^[45] In September 2025, he was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Shoalhaven City Council, with an annual salary approaching $400,000.^[46] Angela Constance (born July 15, 1970) is a Scottish politician and Scottish National Party member who has served as Member of the Scottish Parliament for Almond Valley since 2014, following her initial election to the Parliament in 2007 via the SNP list.^[48] She was appointed Cabinet Secretary for Justice and Home Affairs in March 2023, managing portfolios including criminal justice reform and police oversight, after prior roles such as Cabinet Secretary for Communities, Social Security and Equalities from 2016 to 2018.^[48]^[49] Constance Markievicz (1868–1927), originally Constance Gore-Booth, was an Irish nationalist and socialist who commanded a unit of the Irish Citizen Army during the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin, where she participated in combat at St Stephen's Green and was subsequently court-martialed and sentenced to death—a sentence commuted due to her gender.^[50] In the 1918 general election, she became the first woman elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom, representing Dublin St Patrick's as a Sinn Féin abstentionist MP who refused to take her seat in London.^[51] She later served as Minister for Labour in the First Dáil (1919–1922) and co-founded Fianna Fáil in 1926 before her death from tuberculosis.^[52]

Fictional characters

In literature

In D. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover, published in 1928, the protagonist is Lady Constance Chatterley (née Reid), an educated woman married to the paralyzed industrialist Sir Clifford Chatterley, with whom she shares an emotionally distant relationship before forming a physical and emotional bond with the estate's gamekeeper, Oliver Mellors.^[53] ^[54] In Shirley Jackson's We Have Always Lived in the Castle (1962), Constance Blackwood is the older sister of Mary Katherine "Merricat" Blackwood; acquitted of poisoning much of her family with arsenic-laced sugar in 1949, she manages the household alongside her uncle Julian in their isolated estate, avoiding the hostile local community.^[55] Lawrence Durrell's Constance, or Solitary Practices (1982), the third installment of the Avignon Quintet, features Constance as a key character in the wartime Provence setting, serving as the beloved of the writer-narrator Blanford and entangled in the quintet's web of identities and relationships.^[56] In Ray Bradbury's Let's All Kill Constance (2002), Constance Rattigan is an aging former Hollywood actress who, fearing pursuit by death itself, enlists the aid of an unnamed science fiction writer in Venice, California, after receiving ominous books listing deceased stars, leading to a nocturnal quest through abandoned theaters.^[57] Trenton Lee Stewart's children's novel The Mysterious Benedict Society (2007) introduces Constance Contraire as the youngest and most obstinate recruit to Mr. Benedict's secret team of gifted orphans, who contribute her precocious intellect and contrarian nature to thwarting a global mind-control scheme.^[58]

In film, television, and games

In the 2006 animated film Monster House, Constance Nebbercracker serves as the central antagonist, depicted as the restless spirit of a carnival performer who possesses her home after being accidentally buried alive in its foundation during a 1966 Halloween construction dispute with local children. Voiced by Kathleen Turner, her rage animates the house to devour trespassers, driven by unresolved trauma from exploitation and betrayal by her husband, Horace.^[59] In the television series American Horror Story: Murder House (2011), Constance Langdon, portrayed by Jessica Lange, is the enigmatic and sociopathic neighbor to the central family, harboring deformed children from past murders and manipulating events to protect her legacy within a haunted mansion. Her arc culminates in self-inflicted poisoning amid escalating supernatural horrors, with Lange's performance earning an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries. Constance Welch appears as a vengeful ghost in the Supernatural episode "Roadkill" (season 2, 2006), where she haunts a highway, luring drivers to drown as reenactments of her 1992 murder by her unfaithful husband, whom she electrocutes in retaliation before being struck by a truck. Played by Sarah Shahi, the character embodies classic urban legend motifs of spousal betrayal and posthumous pursuit.^[60] In the video game The Last of Us Part II (2020), Elder Constance is a high-ranking Seraphite leader referenced in collectible documents and environmental storytelling, advocating strict adherence to the cult's prophet-worshipping doctrines amid conflicts with external factions in a post-apocalyptic Seattle. Her role underscores the Seraphites' internal hierarchies and ideological fervor.^[61] Constance Arkham features in the lore of the Batman: Arkham video game series, particularly in Batman: Arkham Asylum (2009) and its sequels, as the wife of asylum founder Amadeus Arkham, murdered by a patient in 1921, which catalyzes his descent into madness and the institution's dark legacy. Her tragedy, drawn from Grant Morrison's graphic novel origins, informs the series' exploration of psychological horror and institutional failure.^[62]

Arts and entertainment

Literature

Constance, or Solitary Practices is a novel by British author Lawrence Durrell, first published in 1982 by Faber and Faber as the third installment in his five-volume Avignon Quintet, following Monsieur (1974) and Livia (1978), with subsequent volumes Sebastian (1983) and Quinx (1985).^[63] The work was shortlisted for the Booker Prize in the year of its release.^[63] Constance is a 2013 psychological novel by Anglo-American author Patrick McGrath, published by Bloomsbury Publishing, which examines themes of marriage, trauma, and family dynamics through the perspective of its titular character. The narrative draws on Gothic elements and is set against the backdrop of mid-20th-century England and upstate New York. Constance is a collection of poems by American poet Jane Kenyon, published posthumously in 1993 by Graywolf Press, compiling works that reflect on personal experience, nature, and introspection, including pieces written during her tenure as New Hampshire's poet laureate from 1990 until her death in 1995.^[64] The volume represents a portion of Kenyon's output alongside her earlier collections such as From Room to Room (1978) and The Boat of Quiet Hours (1986).^[64]

Other media

Constance is a New Orleans-based independent publisher and arts journal founded in 2005 by graphic designer Erik Kiesewetter, specializing in printed matter such as annual issues that blend literature, design, and visual arts collaborations with writers, artists, and cultural institutions.^[65] Its second issue, titled Delicate Burdens, was released in 2008 and featured numbered limited editions emphasizing experimental aesthetics.^[66] In music, Constance serves as the title of a 2000 full-length album by the Canadian post-rock and shoegaze band Southpacific, following their 1998 EP 33 and comprising tracks like "Blue Lotus" and "Parallel Lines" noted for ambient and alternative rock influences.^[67] The track "Constance" by metal band Spiritbox, released as a single on December 4, 2020, and included on their 2021 debut album Eternal Blue, was inspired by a tribute to the grandmother of the music video's director, Dylan Hryciuk, incorporating themes of loss and haunting visuals.^[68]

Historical and institutional uses

Council of Constance

The Council of Constance was an ecumenical council of the Catholic Church convened from November 5, 1414, to April 22, 1418, in the city of Konstanz, then part of the Holy Roman Empire.^[69]^[11] It was initially summoned by Antipope John XXIII, with the support of Sigismund, King of the Romans (later Holy Roman Emperor), to resolve the Western Schism—a period of division since 1378 featuring multiple papal claimants—and to address broader church reforms and heresies.^[69] The assembly included cardinals, bishops, abbots, theologians, canon lawyers, and secular princes, organized into four "nations" (Italian, German, French, English) for voting, with estimates of attendance reaching several hundred prelates at peak sessions, alongside thousands of attendants.^[11] The council's primary achievement was ending the Western Schism by neutralizing rival claimants: John XXIII was deposed on May 29, 1415, for moral failings and schism; Gregory XII resigned on July 4, 1415; and Benedict XIII was declared deposed in 1417, though he persisted in Avignon until 1423.^[69] On November 11, 1417, after deliberations among the nations, the council elected Oddone Colonna as Pope Martin V in a conclave, restoring a single, undisputed papacy recognized across Western Christendom.^[69]^[70] This resolution hinged on pragmatic diplomacy rather than doctrinal innovation, as the council prioritized unity over exhaustive reform, leaving many proposed changes—such as clerical abuses and simony—unimplemented despite sessions dedicated to them.^[11] In parallel, the council confronted reformist challenges from Bohemia, condemning the teachings of Jan Hus, a priest and precursor to Protestant ideas, who advocated communion in both kinds, opposition to indulgences, and criticism of clerical corruption.^[11] Hus appeared before the council under safe-conduct from Sigismund but was tried for heresy, excommunicated, and burned at the stake on July 6, 1415, an event that intensified Bohemian resistance and sparked the Hussite Wars. The council's forty-five general sessions produced decrees reinforcing orthodoxy, including Frequens (1417), mandating regular councils, but its most controversial output was Haec sancta (April 6, 1415), asserting the council's superiority over the pope in matters of faith, schism, and reform—a position later repudiated by subsequent popes and councils like Florence (1439) and Vatican I (1870) as incompatible with papal primacy, reflecting the temporary exigency of schism rather than enduring doctrine.^[69]^[11] This conciliarist theory influenced later debates but was ultimately sidelined in favor of hierarchical restoration under Martin V.^[11]

Other events and organizations

The Constance Free Church in Andover, Minnesota, originated in 1880 with a Sunday school founded by Mrs. Hegland in the local community of Constance, and was formally incorporated in 1893 as the Free Church of God, later renamed Constance Community Church.^[71] Affiliated with the Evangelical Free Church of America, it constructed its initial building for $175 and underwent relocations and expansions, including a new facility in 1995 and an education wing in 1999, reflecting steady growth under long-serving pastors such as Rev. Magnus S. Book (1912–1927) and Rev. Randy Discher (1986–present).^[71] In historical political contexts, the Lake Constance Association emerged as a regional alliance during the German Peasants' War of 1524–1525, coordinating defenses alongside entities like the Swabian League amid rising unrest.^[72] This body drew its name from the lake and adjacent territories, including the city historically known as Constance in English. Religious commemorations include the 1878 yellow fever epidemic in Memphis, Tennessee, where Sister Constance, superior of the Anglican Community of St. Mary, perished on September 9 alongside five companions, an event later honored by the Episcopal Church as the martyrdom of Constance and her companions for their service to the afflicted.^[73]

References

[1]
Meaning, origin and history of the name Constance
Medieval form of Constantia. The Normans introduced this name to England (it was the name of a daughter of William the Conqueror).Constantia · Related Names · Popularity in the United States · England and Wales
[2]
Constance - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating from Old French and Latin, "constaunce" means steadfastness and firmness of character; an obsolete form of constancy used since the 14th ...<|separator|>
[3]
Constance : Meaning and Origin of First Name - Ancestry
The name Constance derives from the English language, and its roots can be traced back to the Latin word constantia, meaning steadfastness or constancy.
[4]
Constance Family History - FamilySearch
Constance Name Meaning French and English (of Norman origin): from the medieval French female personal name Constance, Latin Constantia, ...
[5]
Constance | Queen of Sicily, Hohenstaufen Dynasty - Britannica
Constance was queen of Sicily (1194-98) and Holy Roman empress-consort (1191-97). She married Henry VI, claimed the throne, and secured her son's crown.
[6]
Constance - Baby Name Meaning, Origin, and Popularity for a Girl
Constance is a girl's name of Latin origin meaning "steadfastness". Constance is the 1000 ranked female name by popularity.
[7]
Constance - Baby Name Meaning, Origin and Popularity
Constance is a girl name that means "steadfastness." Though French in origin, Constance is rooted in the Latin constantem, meaning "resolute" or "faithful."
[8]
Konstanz | Germany, Map, History, & Facts - Britannica
Konstanz, city, Baden-Württemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany. It is situated where the Rhine River flows out of Lake Constance (Bodensee), ...
[9]
Konstanz | Infoplease
Konstanz was founded as a Roman fort in the 4th cent. a.d. and became an episcopal see at the end of the 6th cent. The bishops became powerful and held ...
[10]
Konstanz, BW, D - Ancient Roman Civilization on Waymarking.com
Jun 14, 2022 · The late Roman fort of Constance was conveniently located on the southern shore of Lake Constance (Lacus Constantinus), in the area where ...
[11]
Council of Constance - Catholic Encyclopedia - New Advent
He convoked it from Lodi, 9 December, 1413, for 1 November, 1414, at Constance, a free city of the empire, on Lake Constance. It was solemnly opened 5 November ...
[12]
History of the university - Universität Konstanz
On 21 June 1966, the foundation stone for the University of Konstanz was laid on the Gießberg and the first lecture was held in the Inselhotel Konstanz.Missing: bishopric | Show results with:bishopric
[13]
Demographics - Konstanz - Data Commons
Cities in Konstanz: Population (2024) ; 1. Constance, 85.8K ; 2. Singen, 49.5K ; 3. Radolfzell am Bodensee, 32.6K ; 4. Stockach, 17.4K ; 5. Engen, 11.4K ...Missing: history | Show results with:history
[14]
Where is the Only Area in Europe Where no Borders Exist?
Jul 3, 2021 · Lake Constance has a surface area of 536 square kilometers (207 square miles). A long lake, Lake Constance measures 63 km (39 mi) in length ...
[15]
Lake Constance (Bodensee) - 539 km2 - Facts, Map, Activities
Lake Constance has a total surface area of 571 km2 and is located 395 meters above sea level. The lake is located at the Northern foot of the Alps.
[16]
This Lake Belongs to No Country - Popular Mechanics
Jan 3, 2017 · Lake Constance, the third largest lake in Europe, is situated on the border of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. It lies on the Rhine river ...
[17]
Earth from Space - Image Information - NASA
Lake Constance is 42 miles (68 Km) long and covers an area of 208 square miles (539 square Km). The lake's maximum depth is 827 feet (252 meters). The borders ...Missing: surface | Show results with:surface
[18]
Lake Constance - World Atlas
Aug 17, 2021 · This vast lake is further divided into two parts: the Upper Lake Constance and the Lower Lake Constance. Covering an area of about 473 sq. km ...Missing: divisions | Show results with:divisions
[19]
Alpine Rhine / Lake Constance - IKSR.org
From Lake Obersee, the four kilometres long Seerhein leads into Lake Untersee lying 30 cm below. The beginning of the Seerhein at the old bridge over the Rhine ...Missing: divisions | Show results with:divisions
[20]
Sanddelta and Rhine River Mouth - Western Side - Birdingplaces
One of the most important birding areas of the Rhine Delta at Lake Constance. Almost 350 bird species have been observed.Missing: biodiversity | Show results with:biodiversity
[21]
Lake Constance Fish Dishes | Switzerland Tourism
Lake Constance is home to around 30 species of fish, such as pike, whitefish, pike-perch and perch fillets; found on many a menu in local restaurants.
[22]
Lake Constance ecosystem threats and resource use investigated
Lake Constance is an important drinking-water reservoir and ecosystem that ... Three-spined sticklebacks now represent 80 % of the fish stock in Upper Lake ...
[23]
Agreement Regulating the Withdrawal of the Water From Lake ...
(3) The measures to be taken in order to keep the waters of Lake Constance clean shall be governed by the Agreement of 27 October 1960 concerning the protection ...Missing: 1970s | Show results with:1970s
[24]
Constance Bay, Ottawa, Ontario, CA - MapQuest
Constance Bay, ON Map. Constance Bay, a small Canadian city nestled in Ontario, boasts a modest population of 2,263 residents as of 2016.
[25]
Constance Bay Beach. North West of Ottawa. - Facebook
Sep 11, 2025 · The Constance Bay Sand Hills ANSI (Area of Natural and Scientific Interest), are a unique, sandy, provincially significant dune forest complex ...Rediscovering Constance Bay on Ottawa River - FacebookThe Constance Bay beach in Ottawa is so beautiful. - FacebookMore results from www.facebook.com
[26]
Constance Lake First Nation: Home
Constance Lake First Nation settles in the centre of the Kenogami Watershed. Most infamous Mamawamatawa (where four rivers meet four major rivers meet)Our Territory · Our People · Mining · Covid-19
[27]
Constance, Kentucky
Constance was a Boone county community about eight miles northeast of Burlington on the Ohio River. It was settled by people with a German background.
[28]
Constance: A Boone County Tradition - NKY Magazine
Dec 11, 2021 · Constance is best known for its signature business, the Anderson Ferry. George Anderson began offering ferry services between the area and Ohio in 1817.
[29]
Constance, Minnesota - Wikipedia
Constance was an unincorporated community in Anoka County, Minnesota, United States. The site of Constance village, now abandoned, is within the present ...
[30]
Constance, Nebraska Facts for Kids - Kiddle encyclopedia
Jun 8, 2025 · Constance is a small, quiet place located in Cedar County, Nebraska, in the United States. It is known as an unincorporated community.
[31]
Constance Name Meaning, History, And 5 Variations - MomJunction
Aug 5, 2025 · This name derives from the medieval female given name Constance in both English and French. Another spelling of this name is Latin Constantia, ...Origin, Meaning, And History... · Constance Name's Presence...
[32]
Constance - Baby Name, Origin, Meaning, And Popularity
The name Constance derives from the Latin word "constans," which means "constant" or "steadfast." This term evolved into the Late Latin form "Constans," which ...<|separator|>
[33]
Popularity for the name Constance - Behind the Name
Popularity statistics for the given name Constance in the United States ... Behind the Name - the etymology and history of first names. Search. Names.
[34]
Constance Baby Name Meaning, Origin, Popularity Insights | Momcozy
The name Constance derives from the Latin word 'constantia,' meaning steadfastness, firmness, or perseverance.
[35]
Names Related to the name Constance - Behind the Name
Related Names ... Equivalents ... English ... Constance ... French ... Constance ... German ... Constanze, Konstanze ... Italian ... Costanza ... Late Roman ... Constantia ... Polish.
[36]
[PDF] Beauty, Real or Apparent: Christian Kings, Muslim Artisans, and the ...
Aug 15, 2023 · ... Sicily through his marriage to. Constance I, one of Roger II's daughters and often referred to as the Queen of Sicily. (1154-1198). Tancred, a ...
[37]
Women in Italy, 500-1500," Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, ed ...
Constance (1154-1198), the mother of the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II, called “the wonder of the world” (stupor mundi), was sole heiress to the kingdom ...
[38]
[PDF] Isabelle Dolezalek Arabic Script on Christian Kings - Loc
1.2.3 Constance of Sicily and Constance of Aragon. The body of Constance of Sicily (1154–1198), Frederick II's mother and Roger II's daughter, was found with ...
[39]
Constance of York, the Rebel Countess - History… the interesting bits!
Nov 7, 2015 · Constance of York was born around 1374, possibly at Conisbrough Castle in Yorkshire (although that is far from certain).
[40]
https://virginiahistory.org/research/research-resources/guides-researchers/growing-strength-and-pride
[41]
Growing Strength and Pride | Virginia Museum of History & Culture
Oscar Wilde” which is notable, as after Oscar's trial, conviction, and imprisonment for “gross indecency,” in 1895, Constance changed her and their two sons' ...Missing: reliable sources
[42]
Constance Wu - Biography - IMDb
Constance grew up in Richmond performing in the local community theater scene. At 16, she moved to New York City to study at the famed Lee Strasberg Theatre ...
[43]
Constance Wu - Golden Globes
Constance Wu (born March 22, 1982 in Richmond, Virginia, her parents are from Taiwan) starred with Henry Golding in Crazy Rich Asians (2018)
[44]
Constance Zimmer - IMDb
As well as a series lead on the show "Condor" and has had major recurring roles on "Good Trouble," "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D," "A Million Little Things," "Grey's ...Biography · Other works · 7 of 190 · Filmography by status
[45]
Constance Zimmer | Television Academy
She starred in Lifetime's hit drama series UnReal, all seasons are now on Hulu. On the show, she played "Quinn King" the executive producer of a fictional ...<|separator|>
[46]
The Hon. Andrew James CONSTANCE - NSW Parliament
Position, Start, End, Period, Notes. Member, Standing Orders and Procedure Committee, 09 May 2019, 04 Jun 2020, 1 year 27 days. Leader of the House ...Missing: Australian career
[47]
Council announces new CEO
Sep 30, 2025 · Mayor Patricia White has today announced Andrew Constance as Chief Executive Officer of Council. Mr Constance brings more than 18 years of ...Missing: career | Show results with:career
[48]
Ex-NSW minister Andrew Constance lands $400k Shoalhaven ...
Oct 1, 2025 · Former transport minister-turned-regional council manager Andrew Constance is likely to walk away with an annual pay packet just shy of the ...
[49]
Angela Constance MSP - gov.scot - The Scottish Government
She was reappointed as the Minister for Drugs Policy in May 2021. Angela Constance was appointed as Cabinet Secretary for Justice and Home Affairs in March 2023 ...Missing: politician | Show results with:politician
[50]
Angela Constance - Scottish National Party
Angela has previously held the Scottish Government posts of Cabinet Secretary for Communities, Social Security and Equalities (2016-18), Cabinet Secretary for ...
[51]
Countess Constance Markievicz: Irish revolutionary - Irish Central
Jul 15, 2025 · Countess Constance Markievicz was a co-commander in the 1916 Easter RIsing and the first Irish woman elected to parliament.Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[52]
The Eligibility of Constance Markievicz - The History of Parliament
Dec 14, 2015 · Constance Gore-Booth had married Polish Count Casimir Dunin-Markievicz in 1900, at which point she lost her British nationality. She could ...Missing: figures pre-
[53]
9 facts about Constance Markievicz: Incredible Irishwoman who ...
Feb 5, 2018 · Constance Markievicz was a staunch Irish Republican who fought in the Easter Rising before going on to escape a death sentence, win elections and play an ...Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[54]
Lady Constance Chatterley Character Analysis - LitCharts
Born Constance Reid, Connie Chatterley is Sir Malcolm Reid's daughter, Hilda's younger sister, and Clifford Chatterley's wife. Throughout the novel, Connie ...
[55]
Lady Chatterley's Lover: Character List - SparkNotes
Before her marriage, she is simply Constance Reid, an intellectual and social progressive, the daughter of Sir Malcolm and the sister of Hilda. When she marries ...
[56]
Constance Blackwood Character Analysis in We Have Always Lived ...
Constance is Merricat's sister, who is older by ten years. She more or less runs the household, as she does all of the cooking and takes care of Uncle ...
[57]
Lawrence Durrell's Lush Metafiction: The Avignon Quintet
Jun 16, 2018 · (There is a high level of mental illness in The Avignon Quintet.) Blanford falls in love with beautiful Constance, but then her seductive sister ...
[58]
Let's All Kill Constance - Ray Bradbury - Google Books
Constance Rattigan, an aging, once-glamorous Hollywood star, stands soaked and shivering in his foyer, clutching two anonymously delivered books that have sent ...
[59]
Constance Contraire Character Analysis in The Mysterious Benedict ...
Constance is the youngest member of the Society—and the most disagreeable. She earned her place on the team not by passing Mr. Benedict's tests, ...
[60]
Monster House (2006) - Plot - IMDb
Three teens discover that their neighbor's house is really a living, breathing, scary monster. 13-year-old DJ is observing his neighbor Nebbercracker on the ...<|separator|>
[61]
Constance Welch | TV Database Wiki | Fandom
Constance Welch is a fictional character and a ghost featured in the CW Network television series Supernatural. Played by actress Sarah Shahi, she was the ...
[62]
Constance | The Last of Us Wiki - Fandom
Elder Constance is a character mentioned in The Last of Us Part II. They are an Elder among the Seraphites and supported the Prophet.
[63]
Constance Arkham (Arkhamverse) | DC Database - Fandom
The original character was created by Grant Morrison and Dave McKean and first appeared in Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth. Trivia. Constance's ...
[64]
Constance or Solitary Practices | The Booker Prizes
Jan 1, 1982 · Constance or Solitary Practices. Written by Lawrence Durrell.
[65]
Constance | Graywolf Press
Jul 1, 1993 · Book Title. Constance. Subtitle. Poems. Author 1. Jane Kenyon. Cover Image ... Poems of Anna Akhmatova (Eighties Press/Ally Press, 1985). She ...
[66]
About – Constance — Erik Kiesewetter. New Orleans.
Founded by Erik Kiesewetter in 2005, constance is a New Orleans-based creative practice, focusing primarily on collaborations with artists, writers, publishers ...
[67]
Constance DELICATE BURDENS Issue 2 NEW ORLEANS 2008 ...
Constance DELICATE BURDENS Issue 2 NEW ORLEANS 2008 Numbered Art Magazine ; Item number. 257102485724 ; Publication Year. 2008 ; Language. English ; Accurate ...
[68]
Constance - southpacific - Bandcamp
Free deliveryConstance by southpacific, released 01 June 2000 1. Blue Lotus 2. Parallel Lines 3. E10 @182 4. Alamo 5. Analogue 9 6. Round (Forget what you feel) 7.
[69]
Constance Available Now – Spiritbox Music, LLC
Dec 4, 2020 · Dylan wrote his video concept to honour his grandmother, Constance to whom the video is in tribute. Our music videos usually have a horror ...
[70]
Council of Constance 1414-18 - Papal Encyclicals
This council was summoned by John XXIII, the Pisan pope with the support of Emperor Sigismund. It began on 5 November 1414 in the cathedral of Constance.Missing: Western | Show results with:Western
[71]
CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Martin V - New Advent
At the Council of Constance he was, after a conclave of three days, unanimously elected pope on on 11 November, 1417 by the representatives of the five nations ...Missing: deposition | Show results with:deposition
[72]
Who We Are - Constance Free Church
Constance Free Church aims to help people connect with Jesus, is part of EFCA, and has roots dating back to 1880, with the church formed in 1893.
[73]
Luther and Political Millenarianism: The Case of the Peasants' War
Lake Constance Association, and the Swabian League. The increas- ing political violence and the failure of his preaching during his travels left Luther very ...
[74]
Martyrs of Memphis - Social Welfare History Project
Apr 21, 2020 · One of the first to die (on 9 September 1878) was Constance, head of the (Anglican) Community of St Mary. The Martyrs of Memphis. 1873 – 1878.<|separator|>