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Angora

Angora most commonly denotes a luxurious, fine fiber harvested from the undercoat of the Angora rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), prized for its exceptional softness, warmth, and fluffiness in producing high-end yarns, knitted garments, and woven fabrics such as sweaters and shawls.^[1] The fiber, typically yielding 12–16 ounces annually per rabbit through gentle hand-harvesting or shearing, consists of a dense, silky coat up to 8–10 inches long, making it ideal for specialty textile applications but requiring careful processing to avoid matting.^[1] Distinct from this, the term also applies to mohair, the long, lustrous guard hair of the Angora goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), which differs in its smoother scales, greater elasticity, and use in durable upholstery, suits, and apparel due to its strength and dye affinity.^[2] The Angora goat, a small ruminant breed weighing 70–225 pounds depending on sex, originated in the Ankara (ancient Angora) region of Asia Minor, Turkey, with historical records dating back to around the 15th century B.C., and has been selectively bred worldwide for mohair production since exports began in the 16th century to Europe, South Africa, and the United States.^[2] These goats yield about 5.3 pounds of mohair per shearing, performed twice yearly, and are noted for their adaptability to arid, marginal lands while providing secondary products like meat (chevon).^[2] Similarly, the Angora rabbit breed, one of the oldest domesticated varieties, traces its roots to the same Turkish locale and was developed in France and England during the 18th century for efficient wool output on minimal feed, though exact early history remains partially undocumented.^[3]^[4] Beyond fibers and animals, "Angora" designates the Turkish Angora cat, a graceful, longhaired breed native to central Anatolia, Turkey, recognized for its elegant, silky coat, agile build, and playful temperament, with origins linked to natural mutations in local felines dating back centuries.^[5] Historically, the name derives from Angora, the former European designation for Ankara until its renaming in 1930, a central Anatolian city serving as Turkey's capital since 1923 and a hub of ancient Phrygian, Roman, and Ottoman significance with a population of about 5.8 million as of 2025.^[2]^[6] These interconnected references highlight Angora's enduring association with the Turkish region's natural and cultural heritage in agriculture, textiles, and nomenclature.

Etymology and History

Origin of the Name

The term "Angora" derives from the ancient Greek name for the city now known as Ankara, rendered as Ἄγκυρα (Ánkyra), whose meaning remains uncertain but is often linked to the Greek word for "anchor" (ἄγκυρα) through folk etymology, possibly alluding to a mythological anchor discovered by King Midas.^[7] The Romans adopted and Latinized this as Ancyra upon incorporating the region into their empire in 25 BCE, retaining the form in administrative and historical records.^[7] During the Ottoman Empire from the 14th to 19th centuries, the local Turkish pronunciation shifted to forms like Engürü, but European languages, influenced by medieval Latin and French transcriptions, standardized "Angora" as the common Western name for the city, reflecting its role as a provincial center.^[8]^[9] In 1930, as part of the Turkish Republic's language reforms under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, which aimed to purify and modernize Turkish nomenclature by replacing Ottoman and foreign-influenced terms, the official name was changed to Ankara to align with contemporary Turkish phonetics and orthography; nevertheless, "Angora" persisted in English usage for associated animal breeds and textile fibers into the mid-20th century.^[9]^[10] This central Anatolian location served as the geographic origin for the goats, rabbits, and cats later named after it.^[9]

Historical Significance

The region encompassing modern Ankara traces its historical roots to the Hittite civilization around 2000 BCE, establishing an early foundation for its role as a central Anatolian trade nexus.^[11] During the Ottoman Empire from the 16th to 19th centuries, Angora— the Western name for Ankara at the time—served as a vital trade hub, specializing in the export of premium wool and mohair from Angora goats, which fueled a state-controlled industry employing nearly 10,000 people across over 1,500 handlooms in the 17th and 18th centuries.^[12] This mohair trade, often termed the "diamond fiber," was monopolized by Ottoman authorities, who developed it into a royal enterprise starting in the 15th and 16th centuries, dominating global commerce and embedding the "Angora" name in international textile nomenclature.^[13]^[14] In the 19th century, surging European demand for Angora goods, particularly from Britain and France, outpaced Ottoman supplies, creating shortages and heightening the allure of these luxurious fibers in Western markets.^[15] To safeguard their economic dominance, sultans enforced export bans on live Angora animals until the mid-1800s, though smuggling persisted; for example, a pair of goats was imported to Europe by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V around 1554, marking one of the earliest breaches.^[2]^[16] The 1838 Anglo-Turkish trade agreement eased restrictions on fiber exports, but prohibitions on animals continued into the late 19th century, including a 1881 ban aimed at preserving the Turkish monopoly.^[12]^[17] With the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 and the official redesignation of the city from Angora to Ankara in 1930, the "Angora" label for the locale faded from common Western usage by the late 1930s. Nonetheless, the term endured internationally for the associated goat, rabbit, and cat breeds, as well as mohair and wool fabrics, preserving its legacy in global trade and nomenclature.^[18]

Places

Ankara, Turkey

Ankara is situated in the central region of Anatolia, Turkey, at an elevation of approximately 850 meters above sea level, nestled between the branches of the Kızılırmak and Sakarya rivers.^[19] As the country's second-largest city, it has a population of about 5.7 million residents as of 2025, making it a major urban center with significant administrative and economic influence.^[6] Designated as the capital of Turkey in 1923 following the establishment of the Republic, Ankara replaced Istanbul to symbolize a shift toward modernity and central governance, hosting key institutions such as the Grand National Assembly and various government ministries.^[9] The city's historical roots trace back to the Hittite era around 2000 BCE, when it emerged as an ancient settlement known as Akuwash, serving as a vital crossroads for trade routes in Anatolia. Over centuries, it evolved into a fortified Roman and Byzantine city, renowned for its strategic defenses and role in regional conflicts, before becoming an Ottoman provincial center after its conquest in 1354 by Sultan Orhan.^[9] During the Ottoman period, Ankara maintained importance as a commercial hub until the early 20th century, when its selection as the republican capital spurred rapid urbanization and infrastructure development.^[9] In contemporary times, Ankara functions as Turkey's primary political hub, featuring prominent landmarks that underscore its national identity, including Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk completed in 1953, which draws millions of visitors annually as a symbol of the republic's founding principles.^[20] The legacy of its former name, Angora, persists in the region's renowned exports, particularly mohair from local Angora goats, which has been a key economic driver since ancient times and continues to support the textile industry.^[21] This historical association also extends briefly to the naming of indigenous breeds like the Angora rabbit and Turkish Angora cat, originating from the Ankara area.^[22]

Other Locations

Beyond the prominent city of Ankara in Turkey, several lesser-known locations worldwide have adopted the name Angora, often drawing indirect inspiration from the region's historical association with fine textiles and trade. The Angora neighborhood in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, emerged in the mid-19th century as a company town centered around textile production. Irish immigrants George Callaghan Sr. and his family arrived in Philadelphia in 1827, with sons George Jr. and Robert establishing the Angora Mills in 1856 on land purchased from the heirs of David Snyder; the complex expanded significantly in 1863–1864, 1866, and 1884 to meet demand for cashmere fabrics made from angora goat wool.^[23] The development included 55 workers' houses, a Baptist church, a company store, a barn, stable, reservoir, pump house, coal yard, and railroad siding, all situated near 58th Street and the Baltimore Turnpike, extending to Cobbs Creek.^[23] The mills operated until 1898, after which the central structures were demolished for the John P. Turner Middle School, but some mill houses remain; today, Angora is integrated into the Kingsessing area of Southwest Philadelphia, recognized for its historic residential architecture.^[24] In Papua New Guinea, Angora is a small rural locality in Southern Highlands Province at an elevation of approximately 1,315 meters.^[25] Limited historical documentation exists, with the site primarily noted in geographic surveys as a populated place without detailed records of its founding or naming origins. Angora also appears as a minor settlement in the Central African Republic, located in Ouaka Prefecture at coordinates approximately 6°13' N, 20°45' E.^[26] As with other peripheral sites, available information is sparse, confined mostly to mapping references, and provides no extensive details on its development or etymology.

Fauna

Angora Goat

The Angora goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), a breed native to the Ankara region in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), has origins dating back to 1571–1451 BCE, as documented in ancient records from the area.^[2] Selectively bred by the Turks for its distinctive fiber since ancient times, the breed developed in the rugged Anatolian plateau, where it was valued for its adaptability and utility in pastoral economies.^[2] This long history of domestication and breeding has made the Angora goat a cornerstone of fiber production in its homeland, with early export restrictions imposed by Ottoman authorities to protect the breed's economic importance.^[27] Physically, the Angora goat is a medium-sized ruminant, with mature bucks weighing 81–102 kg and does 32–50 kg, featuring a slender, elegant frame suited to foraging in challenging terrains.^[2] Its most notable trait is the long, curly mohair coat, which can reach a staple length of 12–15 cm and covers the entire body, providing insulation in varied climates.^[2] Bucks typically exhibit pronounced spiral horns up to 60 cm or more in length, while does have shorter, less curved horns; both sexes display a small head, semi-lopped ears, and a light build that enhances mobility in arid, semi-arid environments.^[2] The breed's resilience to dry conditions and ability to thrive on browse and sparse vegetation stem from its evolutionary adaptation to the cool, arid Anatolian landscape.^[28] From its origins in Turkey, the Angora goat spread globally starting in the 19th century, with initial exports to South Africa in 1838 establishing a major breeding population there.^[2] In 1849, nine goats were imported to the United States, and the breed soon spread to Texas, where it flourished and grew to millions by the early 20th century, driven by ranchers like those in the Edwards Plateau.^[27] Further dissemination occurred in the 1990s, when purebred stock from Turkey was released from quarantine in Australia in 1992 and New Zealand in 1993, revitalizing local industries.^[29] Today, significant populations persist in Turkey, the USA (particularly Texas), and Lesotho, where the breed supports highland pastoral systems.^[30]

Angora Rabbit

The Angora rabbit is one of the oldest known domestic rabbit breeds, believed to have originated in the Ankara region of Turkey, where it was selectively bred for its distinctive long, soft coat.^[31]^[32] Historical records indicate that the breed was introduced to Europe in the early 18th century, with the first documented arrival in France occurring in 1723 via British sailors who transported specimens from England or directly from Turkey.^[33]^[34] By the 1770s, the breed had spread further within Europe, including to Germany through imports of British "silk rabbits," and it reached the United States in the early 20th century, where it gained popularity for both exhibition and fiber production in historical trade.^[35]^[36] Physically, Angora rabbits are small to medium in size, typically weighing between 2 and 5 kilograms, though some varieties like the Giant Angora can exceed this range.^[37]^[32] They feature a compact body with a broad, flat head, short upright ears, and a dense coat composed of a protective layer of guard hairs overlying a soft underwool that gives them their signature fluffy appearance.^[38]^[39] With proper care, including regular grooming to prevent matting and a balanced diet, these rabbits have an average lifespan of 7 to 12 years.^[40]^[41] The American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA) first recognized the Angora as a distinct breed in 1939, initially encompassing all long-haired varieties before officially separating them into English Angora and French Angora in 1944; additional varieties, including Giant Angora (1988) and Satin Angora (2005), were later accepted.^[42]^[33] These varieties differ in body type, coat density, and wool characteristics, with the English Angora prized for its facial furnishings and woolly texture, the French for its commercial wool yield, the Giant for its larger size, and the Satin for its lustrous, shiny coat.^[42]^[32] ARBA-sanctioned shows evaluate Angora rabbits primarily on coat quality, density, and uniformity, with recognized colors ranging from white and black to agouti, broken patterns, shaded, and self colors.^[42]^[38] Breeding emphasizes health, temperament, and adherence to breed standards to maintain the desirable traits that have sustained the Angora's appeal for over two centuries.^[33]

Turkish Angora Cat

The Turkish Angora is an ancient natural breed originating from the Ankara region in central Turkey, where it developed in the mountainous areas of western and central Anatolia.^[43] The breed's written history dates back to the 17th century, with records of longhaired cats from this area appearing in European accounts after being brought from the Middle East during the Ottoman era.^[43] Named after the historic Angora (now Ankara) province, it shares regional origins with other local animal breeds like the Angora goat and rabbit.^[44] By the mid-20th century, the purebred Turkish Angora had nearly vanished due to crossbreeding and lack of preservation efforts, prompting the Turkish government to establish a dedicated breeding colony at Ankara Zoo in 1917, with significant exports and revival efforts occurring in the 1960s.^[45]^[46] Physically, the Turkish Angora features a slender, graceful build with a fine-boned frame, typically weighing 3 to 5 kg for adults, and stands about 9 to 14 inches tall at the shoulder.^[47] Its most distinctive trait is the silky, semi-long coat that lies flat and fine, requiring minimal grooming due to its lack of undercoat, though the breed is best known for the white variety with odd-colored eyes—one blue and one amber or green—which results from the white spotting gene and is prized in Turkish culture.^[43] The cat's almond-shaped eyes, large ears set high on a wedge-shaped head, long neck, and bushy tail contribute to its agile, elegant appearance, enabling impressive leaps and acrobatic play.^[48] The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) began registering the breed in 1968, granting provisional status in 1970 and full championship recognition for white Turkish Angoras in 1972, with other colors accepted by 1978.^[22] In temperament, Turkish Angoras are playful, affectionate, and highly intelligent, often forming strong bonds with their owners while displaying dog-like curiosity and loyalty, such as following family members room to room.^[49] They thrive in active households, enjoying interactive toys and climbing, but can be independent and may vocalize to communicate needs.^[48] Generally hardy with a lifespan of 12 to 18 years, the breed is prone to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic heart condition causing thickening of the heart muscle that can lead to failure if undetected, though regular veterinary screening helps manage it.^[50] Unlike the stockier Persian longhairs, which have a denser coat and more sedentary nature, Turkish Angoras maintain a lithe, energetic profile distinct from early 20th-century crosses that influenced Persian development.^[48]^[51]

Textiles

Mohair

Mohair is a luxurious textile fiber harvested from the Angora goat, a breed originating in the Ankara region of Turkey.^[52] It is prized for its unique qualities that distinguish it from other animal fibers, making it a staple in high-end textiles. The fiber is renowned for its lustrous sheen and high durability, attributed to its composition primarily of the protein keratin.^[53] Mohair's diameter typically ranges from 25 to 40 microns, contributing to its smooth texture and strength, which allows it to withstand significant wear without pilling or fading.^[53] These properties enable mohair to take dyes exceptionally well, resulting in vibrant colors, while its natural resilience provides excellent insulation and moisture-wicking capabilities.^[54] Production begins with shearing the Angora goats twice annually, usually in spring and fall, to harvest the fleece without harming the animal.^[55] An adult goat typically yields 4 to 6 kg of mohair per year, depending on factors like age, nutrition, and genetics.^[56] Following shearing, the raw fleece undergoes scouring to remove impurities such as dirt and lanolin, after which it is carded to align the fibers into slivers and then spun into yarn for weaving or knitting.^[57] South Africa dominates global mohair production, accounting for approximately 60% of the world's output as of 2024, followed by Lesotho and Turkey as key producers.^[58] Ethical concerns have emerged in mohair production, particularly regarding rough shearing practices that cause pain and injury to goats. A 2018 PETA investigation documented abuses on farms in South Africa, prompting over 300 brands, including H&M, Gap, and Adidas, to ban mohair. In response, initiatives like the Responsible Mohair Standard, developed by Mohair South Africa and Textile Exchange as of 2025, aim to improve animal welfare and traceability.^[59]^[60] Historically, the Ottoman Empire held a near-monopoly on mohair production and trade through the 18th century, exporting the fiber primarily as yarn from Ankara to European markets.^[61] This control began to wane in the 19th century as Angora goats were exported to regions like South Africa and the United States, broadening global supply and trade.^[16] Today, mohair is widely used in apparel such as suits, sweaters, and scarves for its softness and sheen, as well as in upholstery fabrics for its durability and resistance to abrasion.^[62] To enhance strength and affordability, it is frequently blended with synthetic fibers like acrylic or nylon in modern textiles.^[63]

Angora Wool

Angora wool is a premium natural fiber derived from the soft undercoat of Angora rabbits, renowned for its unparalleled lightness and thermal efficiency. The fiber's underwool, which comprises approximately 80-90% of the coat, features a hollow structure that traps air, providing insulation up to seven times greater than sheep wool while remaining lightweight. With an average diameter of 12-16 microns, it is finer than cashmere or merino wool, offering a halo-like fluffiness ideal for luxury textiles. However, this fineness also renders it susceptible to felting, necessitating specialized spinning and weaving techniques to maintain integrity.^[64]^[65]^[66] Harvesting occurs every 90 days to align with the rabbit's natural molting cycle, using either gentle hand-plucking of loose fibers or careful shearing with electric clippers to avoid skin irritation. The Angora rabbit breed plays a key role in fiber quality, as selective breeding enhances the density and fineness of this underwool. Annual yields typically range from 250-400 grams per rabbit, sufficient for a single sweater but varying by breed, nutrition, and management. Major producers include China, which supplies around 90% of the global output, along with France, Chile, and Argentina, where smaller-scale farms emphasize ethical standards.^[67]^[68]^[66] Ethical concerns have intensified since the 2010s, particularly around live-plucking, a method that involves tearing fur from conscious rabbits, causing pain and stress; PETA's 2013 undercover exposé in China documented widespread abuse, prompting over 200 brands to ban angora. In response, humane alternatives like shearing have gained traction in Europe and the Americas, though enforcement remains inconsistent in high-volume regions. Despite these issues, the fiber's allure persists in commercial applications. Introduced to Europe in the 18th century by French traders, angora wool rapidly gained favor for its opulent texture in knitwear and headwear, adorning nobility's wardrobes. It is frequently blended with sheep wool in a 60/40 ratio—angora to wool—to mitigate shedding and boost resilience, commonly appearing in sweaters, scarves, and coats. Market demand surged in the 1920s, peaking amid Hollywood's flapper era, where fluffy angora ensembles symbolized glamour and warmth.^[18]^[69]^[70]^[71]

Cultural Significance

Fashion and Trade History

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Ottoman Empire maintained a near-monopoly on Angora goat breeding and mohair production, with exports of the luxurious fiber to Europe driving the development of high-end textile markets in Britain and France. The 1838 Anglo-Turkish Commercial Convention facilitated increased trade by reducing tariffs, allowing mohair to become a prized commodity for woven fabrics and upholstery, symbolizing wealth and prestige among European elites. By the late 19th century, despite Ottoman bans on live goat exports to preserve the monopoly, raw mohair shipments spurred innovations in luxury goods, contributing to the empire's economy through specialized weaving centers in Ankara.^[12]^[17]^[15] Following World War II, mohair experienced a significant production surge in the United States and Europe, fueled by demand for warm, lightweight sweaters and knitwear in the post-war fashion boom, with U.S. output peaking at over 31 million pounds by 1965. This era saw mohair blends integrated into everyday luxury apparel, supported by government incentives and expanded ranching in Texas, which became a key exporter to European markets. Globally, the mohair trade has grown to an estimated value exceeding $600 million annually as of 2025, reflecting sustained interest in its durable, lustrous qualities for seasonal clothing. As of 2023, certified mohair under standards like the Responsible Mohair Standard held a 4.8% share of the global market, indicating continued emphasis on ethical practices.^[72]^[73]^[74]^[75] Angora textiles gained prominence in fashion milestones across the 20th century, beginning with the 1920s flapper era, where angora rabbit wool trims adorned evening dresses and accessories for their soft, fluffy appeal among Hollywood starlets and avant-garde designers. In the 1940s, Nazi Germany initiated a clandestine breeding program using forced labor in concentration camps to produce angora rabbit wool for insulating SS officer uniforms and Luftwaffe pilot jackets, highlighting the fiber's warmth despite the program's ethical horrors. The 1980s revived interest through designer blends, with creators like Kaffe Fassett and Ellen Tracy incorporating mohair-angora mixes into oversized, colorful knits that defined the decade's bold aesthetic.^[70]^[76]^[77]^[78] In recent decades, animal welfare concerns have prompted a shift toward sustainable alternatives, such as plant-based fibers like Tencel or recycled synthetics mimicking angora's texture, leading major brands to phase out conventional sourcing amid PETA-led campaigns. Economically, Turkey remains a vital producer of mohair, with Ankara province hosting specialized Angora goat farms, bolstering local employment and exports. This transition is exemplified by the Responsible Mohair Standard, developed in 2018 and launched in 2020, which certifies ethical farming practices to address welfare issues and ensure traceability across the supply chain.^[79]^[80]^[81]^[82]

Media and Popular Culture

In 19th-century literature, Angora shawls symbolized exotic luxury and social status among the middle and upper classes. Elizabeth Gaskell's novel Cranford (1851–1853), serialized in Charles Dickens' Household Words, portrays imported shawls as desirable fashion items in the provincial town of Cranford, reflecting the era's fascination with textiles from the Ottoman Empire. This portrayal underscores how Angora fabrics evoked distant opulence in Victorian narratives. In modern fiction, particularly cozy mystery genres, Turkish Angora cats frequently appear as endearing or intuitive pets that aid in plot resolution. For instance, in Marian Babson's Only the Cat Knows (2007), the protagonist's Angora cat Gloriana detects a disguise through her sharp instincts, adding a layer of whimsy and suspicion to the thriller. Similarly, S.D. Huston-Brown's The Nine Lives of Bianca Moon (2023) features a ghostly Angora cat unraveling a courtroom mystery, highlighting the breed's graceful and enigmatic presence in contemporary storytelling.^[83] Angora's visual allure has influenced film and television, often representing glamour and softness. In 1930s Hollywood, angora elements became associated with starlet wardrobes, enhancing the cinematic ideal of luxurious femininity. Documentaries have further explored Angora's cultural footprint, with the New York Times Magazine's 2015 feature "The Cuddly, Fluffy, Surreal World of Angora Show Bunnies" capturing the grooming rituals and competitions at the National Angora Show in Palmyra, New York, portraying the rabbits as pampered icons of breed perfection.^[84] In the 2010s, PETA's campaigns amplified ethical debates through media, including a 2013 undercover video revealing painful fur-plucking practices, which aired widely and prompted brands like Calvin Klein to abandon Angora wool.^[85] In popular culture, Angora animals serve as endearing mascots, blending cuteness with niche appeal. Angora rabbits star in pet exhibitions like the annual American Rabbit Breeders Association events, where their voluminous coats—sometimes exceeding 10 inches—are meticulously styled for judging, evoking a sense of whimsical spectacle.^[86] Turkish Angora cats, known for their silky coats and playful demeanor, have been spotlighted in breed media, including Cat Fancy magazine covers such as the July 2001 issue featuring the elegant Van-patterned variety.^[87] The breed's prominence in cat fancier circles, as recognized by the Cat Fanciers' Association since 1973, reinforces its status as a symbol of refined companionship.^[43] Historically, Angora's trade routes inspired media depictions of exoticism, but today it endures as a "soft luxury" trope in fashion narratives, evoking tactile indulgence in high-end designs.^[70]

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History - Caregora
The origin of the Angora rabbit lies somehow in dark of the past, there is evidence it originates from Turkey, more precisely from the area of Ankara.
[36]
Angora History
They first appeared in the United States in the early 1900's. Up until the mid 1900's, all Angoras were known as 1 breed, simply called "Angora Rabbits." In ...Missing: USA | Show results with:USA
[37]
Angora Rabbit | Breed info, diet, purchase, housing - Zooplus
Jul 10, 2024 · Angora rabbits are medium-sized longhair rabbits. An adult rabbit weighs between 3 and 5 kilograms. The special thing about this rabbit breed is its long, soft ...Missing: size lifespan
[38]
English Angora Rabbit Breed Information and Pictures - PetGuide.com
May 20, 2016 · The Angora rabbit is one of the oldest domestic breed of rabbits, originating from Ankara, Turkey (historically known as Angora). They ...
[39]
Angora Rabbit - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
The guard hair ranges from between about 20 and 100 μm, while the mean fibre diameter of the fine down ranges from about 9 to 14 μm, typically 12–14 μm, with ...
[40]
The Complete Guide to Angora Rabbits - Everbreed
Mar 7, 2024 · With proper care, nutrition and housing, the average lifespan of an Angora rabbit is 7-12 years. Paying close attention to your rabbit's health ...
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https://alpacameadows.com/what-ive-learned-about-angora-rabbits/
[42]
English Angora – ARBA - American Rabbit Breeders Association
Aug 6, 2023 · One of four breeds of Angora recognized by the ARBA. The English is the only breed of Angora that is classified as a compact breed.
[43]
Turkish Angora - The Cat Fanciers' Association
The breed's written history goes back to the 1600s, when they were brought to Europe from the Middle East. Popular in France, they are believed to have been ...
[44]
Turkish Angora Article 1994 - The Cat Fanciers' Association
The Turkish Angora is thought by many people to be the original longhaired cat. Ankara, formerly Angora, is known as the home of several types of animals.Missing: origins | Show results with:origins
[45]
TURKISH ANGORA CATS - Bastra Turkish Angoras
A breeding colony was established in the Ankara Zoo in 1917 to preserve and protect this special breed. "Mrs. Peter Brown and Her Prized Cat", From the book ...Missing: program | Show results with:program
[46]
https://www.prettylitter.com/blog/turkish-angora-cat-basics
[47]
Turkish Angora Cat Insurance | Cat Breed Guide - Sainsbury's Bank
Turkish Angora cat facts ; Weight, 3-5 kg – 5 kg ; Colours, White, black, blue, silver, red, calico, tortoiseshell, silver ; Grooming, Weekly brush required.Missing: range | Show results with:range
[48]
Turkish Angora Cat Breed Health and Care | PetMD
Oct 26, 2023 · Turkish Angoras are elegant, intelligent, and loyal cats, often white with blue eyes, but come in various colors, with a playful, affectionate ...
[49]
What To Know About a Turkish Angora Cat - WebMD
Sep 3, 2024 · The Turkish Angora personality is very outgoing and affectionate. They tend to be very interested in their owners' lives and will follow you ...
[50]
The Turkish Angora - Pet Health Network
Some Angoras could develop a heart condition called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the most common form of heart disease in cats. Takeaway Points: Turkish ...
[51]
Longhair Cats - THE MESSYBEAST
The most obvious differences between the Turkish Angora, British Angora and Persian are the coat, head shape and general conformation. The British Angora is an ...
[52]
https://www.anatolys.com/blogs/from-the-journal/mohair-a-fabric-of-choice-for-those-who-know
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Mohair Fiber: Properties, Processing and Uses - Textile Engineering
Feb 23, 2023 · The fiber diameter of mohair ranges from 25 to 40 microns. The length of its fiber is 9–12 inches. It is a 'keratin' (protein) fiber. Mohair has ...
[54]
Characteristics of Mohair - Ronan Country Fibers
LUSTER: The luster of mohair is one of the most important characteristics. · NON-FLAMMABILITY: Mohair is almost non-flammable. · DURABILITY: Mohair can be twisted ...
[55]
Mohair - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Mohair became a valuable product in commerce early in the nineteenth century. To increase the supply of mohair available for export to the European ...
[56]
A Complete Guide to Harvesting Angora Goat Fibre - Vet Verified
Sep 17, 2025 · Each adult Angora goat yields 2–5 kg of mohair per year, depending on age, diet, and genetics. · The first clip (kid mohair) is especially fine ...Understanding Angora Goat... · What Is Mohair? · The Shearing Process
[57]
The ABC of mohair processing - AgriOrbit
Dec 19, 2018 · Carding: The clean mohair fibres are transformed from staple, a continuous fibre of a certain length, to sliver, a bundle of fibre drawn into ...
[58]
[PDF] ANGORA GOATS AND MOHAIR PRODUCTION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Nov 30, 2024 · Additionally, Turkey, Iran, China, the United States, and Australia are home to large populations of Angora goats.
[59]
Economics: World Markets: The Ottoman Empire
Another luxury fabric that the Ottomans exported, and for which they possessed virtually a world monopoly in the sixteenth century, was mohair. Produced ...
[60]
What is Mohair? (Knitwear Yarn & Fabric Guide) - Little Good Knits
Jul 17, 2023 · Mohair upholstery fabric is a high-end fabric manufactured from Angora goat hair. It has a high shine and gloss and may be dyed in a variety of ...
[61]
What Is Mohair? Benefits, Uses & Why It's So Special - Loom and Fiber
Apr 7, 2025 · Mohair Blends Mohair is compatible with wool, silk, and even Herculon, a synthetic fiber. Such blends increase the monetary value of the fabric ...
[62]
What is Angora Wool Fabric: Properties, How its Made and Where
This type of wool is impressively fluffy, and since the cores of Angora rabbit hairs are hollow, Angora wool has better heat retention qualities than most ...
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https://loomandfiber.com/blog/what-is-mohair-benefits-uses-why-its-so-special/
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Angora Rabbit Hair Fibres: Production, Properties ... - Fibre2Fashion
Today, China is theleading producer in the international Angora fibre market. Germany, France,Chile, Argentina and New Zealand are the other countries involved ...
[65]
What is Angora Wool? A Complete Guide to the Luxury Fiber
Oct 6, 2025 · The naming of the fiber after the Turkish origin is Angora. Angora rabbits are reported to have started in and around Ankara (previously called ...
[66]
Angora - #WearItKind – a FOUR PAWS campaign to end cruelty in ...
Dec 17, 2024 · The average wool yield for an Angora rabbit is about 200 grams per year.¹ This is just enough wool to make a child-size jumper.² Around 90% of ...
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https://loomandfiber.com/blog/what-is-angora-wool/
[68]
The Ugly History of Beautiful Things: Angora - Longreads
Dec 5, 2018 · But “wool” is a bit of an umbrella term. Sometimes it ... But sales of angora wool have decreased since PETA released its disturbing video.<|control11|><|separator|>
[69]
Can angora production ever be ethical? - The Guardian
Dec 16, 2013 · A shocking Peta video of a Chinese angora farm shows live rabbits having their fur ripped off. Is it possible to farm these rabbits ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[70]
Wool and Mohair Industry - Texas State Historical Association
After World War II for wool and after the mid-1960s for mohair, the market fluctuated downward, and producers found it necessary to compete more with foreign ...Missing: post | Show results with:post
[71]
TEXAS RANCHERS 'SHEAR' GOLD FROM ANGORA GOAT
Nov 16, 1985 · United States mohair production peaked at 32 million pounds in 1965. ... The mohair boom has prompted A&M to begin scientific ''performance ...Missing: II | Show results with:II
[72]
Mohair Market Research Report 2033 - Dataintelo
As per our latest research, the global mohair market size stood at USD 620 million in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% expected ...
[73]
Nazis Secretly Bred Angora Rabbits at Concentration Camps
Dec 2, 2015 · An obscure program begun by Himmler for the purpose of producing enough angora wool to make warm clothes for several branches of the German military.Missing: 1940s | Show results with:1940s
[74]
Luxurious Fibre - The Economic Value of Angora Wool Rabbits ...
Jan 13, 2024 · Depending on the breed, an Angora rabbit produces between 350 and 1,000 g wool per year. With a lifespan of three years and an average price of ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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https://textileexchange.org/app/uploads/2024/09/Materials-Market-Report-2024.pdf
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Material Guide: Is Angora Ethical and Sustainable? - Good On You
Jul 23, 2024 · Is angora sustainable or ethical? Emma Håkansson investigates the cruelty behind the rabbit fibre, and what the alternatives are.
[77]
(PDF) Economic Evaluation of Mohair Production in Ankara Province
Jan 7, 2023 · Until 2015, Mohair and Wool Agricultural Sales ; Cooperatives Union (MWASCU) was the only ; organization in our country for purchasing mohair.
[78]
[PDF] THE JOURNAL FOR THE MOHAIR INDUSTRY VOLUME 61 2020
The substantial journey of developing an internationally recognised mohair standard, the Responsible Mohair. Standard (RMS), started in 2018. Mohair South ...
[79]
Responsible Mohair Standard (RMS) - Textile Exchange
The Responsible Mohair Standard aims to improve the welfare of goats and the land they graze on · Setting criteria for progressive practices that are better for ...Missing: 2010s | Show results with:2010s
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The Nine Lives of Bianca Moon - Book Review - Readers' Favorite
Rating 5.0 · Review by Asher SyedJul 15, 2023 · ... Angora cat. As a ghost, he joins an ensemble of spectral beings at an abandoned courthouse, attempting to unravel the mystery of his demise ...
[81]
The Cuddly, Fluffy, Surreal World of Angora Show Bunnies
English, French, satin and giant — and are further classed by color, age ...
[82]
How PETA Won the Angora Debate and What It Means for Fashion
Aug 8, 2016 · Though some argue angora rabbit fur can be shorn for wool without harming animals, PETA's 2013 campaign compelled hundreds of major brands ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[83]
'Westminster for Angoras': What's it like at national rabbit show in ...
Apr 2, 2015 · At the National Angora Show in Palmyra, breeders fluff and primp their rabbits ahead of a complex judging process.
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https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/05/magazine/the-cuddly-fluffy-surreal-world-of-angora-show-bunnies.html