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FCB

FCB is an or that may refer to:
  • '''Football clubs''' ** [[FC Barcelona]] ** [[FC Basel]] ** [[FC Bayern Munich]]
  • '''Banks''' ** [[Fairfield County Bank]] ** [[Farm Credit Bank]]
  • '''Other uses''' ** [[FCB (advertising agency)]] ** [[File Control Block]] ** [[FCB superphylum]] ** [[Fecal Coliform Bacteria]]

Football clubs

FC Barcelona

FC Barcelona is a professional club founded on 29 November 1899 by Swiss businessman , who placed an advertisement in a local sports magazine to gather players and establish the team. Based in , , the club has since become a cornerstone of the region's sporting and cultural landscape. Commonly known as Barça—a diminutive of —or Blaugrana, referring to its iconic blue-and-garnet striped , the club operates under a unique membership-based structure called socios. These members, who pay annual fees and elect the club's president, own and govern the institution democratically, distinguishing it from many shareholder-owned clubs worldwide. Its motto, "Més que un club" (More than a club), encapsulates this identity, symbolizing the club's role beyond sport as a representation of values and resilience. FC Barcelona competes in La Liga, Spain's premier professional football league, where it has maintained a presence since the competition's inception in 1929. The club shares a storied rivalry with Real Madrid, embodied in matches known as El Clásico, which highlight deep cultural and regional tensions between Catalonia and the rest of Spain.

FC Basel

FC Basel 1893 is a Swiss professional football club founded on 15 November 1893 in Basel, the largest city in the Canton of Basel-Stadt. As one of the oldest football clubs in Switzerland, it has maintained a prominent position in the country's domestic scene for over a century, fostering a strong local identity tied to the region's cultural heritage. The club, commonly abbreviated as FCB or simply referred to as , adopted red and blue as its official colors upon founding, directly inspired by the flag of the City of to symbolize regional pride and unity. These colors, known as "Rotblau" in , appear prominently in the team's kits and emblem, reinforcing its deep-rooted connection to the Basel community. competes in the , Switzerland's premier professional football division, where it has achieved consistent success and established itself as a mainstay at the top level. With a history of longevity and local prominence, FC Basel has occasionally participated in European competitions, including the , showcasing Swiss on the continental stage.

FC Bayern Munich

is a German professional multisport club founded on 27 February 1900 in , , with its department serving as the . The club encompasses various sports including basketball, handball, chess, gymnastics, bowling, table tennis, and senior , though its professional team remains the most prominent globally. Commonly known as Die Bayern or FCB, the club is renowned for its distinctive red kits, which evolved from an initial combination of white shirts and red shorts adopted in following a merger with Munich Sport Club, becoming a symbol of Bavarian in . Its motto, "Mia san mia" – a Bavarian phrase translating to "" – encapsulates a of self-assured excellence and unyielding ambition, originating from club and popularized in the . FC Bayern Munich competes in the Bundesliga, Germany's premier professional football league established in 1963, where it has maintained a dominant presence as the record-holding champion with 34 titles as of 2025. The club's structure ensures fan involvement, with the nonprofit FC Bayern München e.V. holding a 75% stake in the professional operations through its membership of over 400,000 supporters.

Banks

Fairfield County Bank

Fairfield County Bank is an founded in 1871 and headquartered in . It operates as a mutual , structured to prioritize interests over profits. The bank primarily serves customers in , providing full-service banking options such as deposit accounts, commercial and personal loans, and services. With assets exceeding $1.9 billion as of recent reports, it maintains a strong regional presence focused on supporting local residents, businesses, and municipalities. operates 17 branches across , all concentrated within Fairfield County to facilitate accessible community-oriented banking. As a key player in the Northeast U.S. economy, the bank contributes to local development through its emphasis on personalized financial solutions tailored to the area's diverse needs.

Farm Credit Bank

The Farm Credit Banks (FCBs) serve as the wholesale funding institutions within the Farm Credit System, a nationwide network of borrower-owned cooperatives designed to provide credit to , rural communities, and related sectors in the United States. Established under the Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916, which created the initial framework for federal land banks to address farmers' credit needs, the FCBs raise funds through debt securities issued via the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation and lend primarily to affiliated associations that deliver retail loans to end-users such as farmers, ranchers, agribusinesses, and rural infrastructure providers. The system currently comprises four regional wholesale banks: AgriBank, FCB; CoBank, ACB; AgFirst Farm Credit Bank; and , with three organized as farm credit banks and one as an agricultural credit bank. These institutions collectively support over 55 associations by providing long-term loans, discount funding, and liquidity, enabling the system to hold total loans outstanding exceeding $437 billion as of September 30, 2025, directed toward agricultural production, , and cooperatives. Regulated by the Farm Credit Administration (FCA), an independent federal agency, the FCBs operate under a structure where borrowers become shareholder-owners upon obtaining financing, ensuring alignment between lending practices and the needs of rural . This borrower-owned model, rooted in the system's statutory mandate, promotes and access to capital that bolsters the U.S. food .

Other uses

FCB (advertising agency)

FCB (Foote, Cone & Belding) is a global full-service advertising and marketing communications agency with roots tracing back to 1873, when Daniel M. Lord founded the Lord & Thomas agency in Chicago to sell advertising space. In 1942, the agency was restructured and renamed Foote, Cone & Belding after its sale to executives Emerson Foote, Fairfax Cone, and Don Belding, marking the formal establishment of FCB as a creative powerhouse focused on innovative advertising strategies. Over the decades, FCB expanded internationally, pioneering techniques in television advertising and brand development. In 2001, FCB's parent company Communications was acquired by the Interpublic Group (IPG), and in 2006, FCB merged with Worldwide to form DraftFCB, emphasizing integrated solutions. The reverted to its original FCB in , streamlining its identity under IPG ownership to highlight its creative heritage. Today, FCB operates as a key IPG subsidiary, delivering services in creative campaign development, media planning, and brand strategy across diverse sectors. Headquartered globally in with a flagship office in —its historic base—FCB maintains over 120 offices in more than 80 countries, serving multinational clients. Notable partnerships include , for which FCB has crafted award-winning campaigns like "Spreadbeats" that blend data-driven insights with cultural storytelling, and various healthcare brands such as Dramamine and Goody's, focusing on consumer engagement through targeted messaging. FCB has garnered recognition for its innovative approaches to , earning a spot on Fast Company's 2025 list of Most Innovative Companies in and , as one of only 15 firms celebrated for transforming ads into cultural moments. This accolade underscores FCB's commitment to bold, impactful creativity that resonates globally.

File Control Block

A (FCB) is a employed by operating systems to maintain the state of an open file, enabling efficient management of file operations. It serves as a kernel-level that tracks necessary for accessing and manipulating files on disk. In operating systems such as and , the FCB stores critical details about an open , including its name, on the medium, in bytes, and access permissions like read-only status. For instance, the structure typically allocates fields for an 8-character , a 3-character extension, , and attribute bytes that control visibility and modification rights. The FCB plays a vital role in preserving state during operations, such as reading or writing , by incorporating pointers to file allocation tables for locating blocks and to buffers for temporary handling. This ensures seamless continuity in access without reloading repeatedly. In modern multitasking operating systems, similar data structures (e.g., file descriptors) serve to track multiple open s across processes, preventing duplication of file information and supporting concurrent , while FCB remains relevant for . The concept traces its roots to early designs, evolving from structures like UNIX inodes that similarly encapsulate .

FCB superphylum

The FCB superphylum is a proposed bacterial grouping named after its core phyla, Fibrobacterota, Chlorobiota, and , encompassing a diverse array of primarily that specialize in metabolic processes and contribute significantly to environmental nutrient cycling. These organisms are united by shared phylogenetic markers, revealing deep evolutionary relationships within the bacterial domain, and play pivotal roles in habitats ranging from anoxic sediments to host-associated microbiomes. The superphylum's recognition has advanced understandings of microbial diversification, particularly in how ancient lineages adapted to oxygen-limited environments. Recent studies (as of 2022) have proposed additional phyla within the FCB superphylum, including Blakebacterota, Orphanbacterota, Arandabacterota, and Joyebacterota, further highlighting its global distribution in uncultured microbial lineages. Key members of the FCB superphylum include the , which dominate the of humans and other animals, facilitating the breakdown of complex into that support host nutrition and immune function. The Chlorobiota, comprising green sulfur bacteria, are renowned for their , using bacteriochlorophylls to harvest light energy in sulfidic aquatic environments while oxidizing . Meanwhile, the Fibrobacterota feature cellulose-degrading specialists, such as those in the genus Fibrobacter, which inhabit the of herbivores and enable efficient plant cell wall , underpinning global carbon flow in grazing ecosystems. The FCB superphylum was first delineated through comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of microbial —previously uncultured lineages—in the early , using multi-gene markers to resolve phylum-level relationships and highlight its distinct evolutionary branch. This framework has proven instrumental in microbial ecology, illuminating how FCB members drive degradation and biogeochemical transformations, and in , by tracing the origins of specialized metabolisms across diverse ecosystems. Studies of the have further underscored its relevance, with comprising up to 50% of gut bacterial communities in healthy individuals.

Fecal Coliform Bacteria

Fecal , often abbreviated as FCB, represent a subgroup of primarily originating from the intestinal tracts of animals, including humans and livestock, and are commonly exemplified by strains of . These microorganisms serve as key indicators of fecal contamination in water bodies, signaling potential pollution from , agricultural runoff, or animal waste, which is critical for assessing in programs. Distinguished from total coliforms by their thermotolerance, fecal coliforms are capable of growth at elevated temperatures around 44.5°C, a characteristic that allows for selective identification in laboratory settings through incubation methods. This thermotolerance underscores their fecal origin, as opposed to environmental coliforms that may not survive such conditions, and their detection often implies the possible presence of enteric pathogens such as species, which share similar survival pathways in contaminated waters. Historically, fecal coliform bacteria were a standard metric in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for water quality monitoring, particularly for surface waters used for recreation, drinking, or shellfish harvesting, where exceedance thresholds trigger public advisories or remediation efforts. Since 2012, the EPA recommends E. coli or enterococci as primary indicators; some states and programs may still use fecal coliform criteria, such as the former limit of 200 colonies per 100 mL in marine recreational waters. Quantification typically employs methods like membrane filtration, which captures bacteria on a filter for direct colony counting after incubation, or multiple-tube fermentation, involving serial dilutions in broth to estimate most probable numbers (MPN) of viable organisms. These approaches ensure reliable detection at low concentrations, supporting compliance where applicable. Their role as indicators extends to evaluating risks in recreational waters, where elevated levels correlate with increased incidence of gastrointestinal illnesses from exposure.

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