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Ford Ranger

The Ford Ranger is a lineup of pickup trucks manufactured by , with the nameplate applied to compact and mid-size models tailored for different global markets since 1983. In , it originated as a compact pickup designed to replace the imported , offering versatile utility for work and recreation, while internationally, it has primarily been a mid-size emphasizing rugged capability and advanced technology. The has evolved through multiple generations, adapting to shifting consumer demands, fuel efficiency standards, and off-road performance needs across regions. The North American Ford Ranger debuted for the 1983 , marking Ford's first domestically produced compact pickup, with initial production starting in early 1982. It featured four-cylinder engines (2.0L and 2.3L) standard, a 2.8L V6 option from 1983, and innovative twin front for improved ride quality. The first generation (1983–1988) was followed by updated designs in the second (1989–1992) and third (1993–1997) generations, which refined styling, safety features, and engine efficiency. The fourth generation (1998–2011) introduced coil-spring rear on some models and greater customization options, but production ended in 2011 amid a declining compact segment and Ford's focus on larger F-Series models. The Ranger was reintroduced to the U.S. market for 2019, repositioned as a mid-size built on an upgraded version of the global T6 . In international markets, the Ford Ranger traces its roots to the late as a mid-size pickup developed primarily for , , and other regions outside , distinct from the compact U.S. version. The current global lineage began with the T6 platform in 2011, engineered by for enhanced durability and versatility, with production centered in and since 2022 for the latest generation. This model offers diesel and engines, including 2.0L single- and bi-turbo variants and a 3.0L V6 , supporting capacities up to 3,500 (7,716 ) and ground clearance of 230 mm for off-road use. Advanced features like SYNC 4 with 10.1- or 12-inch touchscreens, 360-degree cameras, and FordPass connectivity emphasize connectivity and safety. The contemporary North American , entering its since relaunch, is available in , XLT, Lariat, and trims for the 2025 model year, all with selectable 4x4 and a maximum capacity of 7,500 lbs and of 1,788 lbs. Standard power comes from a 2.3L EcoBoost inline-four , while the off-road-oriented trim employs a 3.0L EcoBoost V6 producing 405 horsepower and 430 lb-ft of torque, paired with long-travel suspension, Fox Live Valve shocks, and 33-inch all-terrain tires for Baja-inspired performance. With a volume of 43.5 cubic feet and minimum ground clearance of 9.3 inches, it balances daily drivability with adventure-ready prowess.

Origin of the Name

Etymology

The term "Ranger" derives from the late 14th-century word, originating from the rengier meaning "to arrange in a row" or "to ," and ultimately referring to a , keeper, or patroller of a forest, park, or area. This linguistic root evokes themes of ruggedness, adventure, and vigilant outdoor stewardship, qualities that align well with the versatile utility of pickup trucks designed for demanding terrains and practical tasks. Ford's initial prominent association with the "Ranger" nameplate occurred in 1958 with the , a that served as the entry-level trim for the short-lived division. As the base model, it positioned the vehicle as an accessible and dependable option within the lineup, drawing on the name's inherent connotations of reliability in patrolling and managing expansive areas. The name's selection also carries a symbolic link to American frontier heritage, where "rangers" historically denoted irregular forces tasked with scouting, protecting, and navigating untamed frontiers, such as the formed in 1836 to patrol the borderlands. This imagery resonated with Ford's branding of trucks as robust, multi-purpose vehicles suited for both laborious work and exploratory leisure, reinforcing the Ranger's identity as a capable companion in rugged environments.

Historical Usage

The earliest documented application of the "" nameplate by occurred in 1950, when offered 4x4 conversions on Ford F-1 panel delivery trucks, reconfiguring them into "" carryall vehicles with added windows and seating for off-road and utility use; only about 57 such units were produced between 1948 and 1952, emphasizing rugged terrain capability for commercial and recreational purposes. In the late 1950s, repurposed the name for the division's entry-level sedan and wagon models from to 1960, positioning the as an affordable family vehicle with basic V8 powertrains and minimal luxury features amid the broader failure of the brand, which sold fewer than 64,000 Rangers before discontinuation. The trim highlighted economical transport for suburban buyers, drawing on the name's connotations of reliability and range, though it could not overcome the Edsel's design and marketing challenges. By 1965, Ford reintroduced "Ranger" as a premium trim package on its F-Series light-duty trucks, continuing through 1981; this option included enhanced interiors with optional bucket seats, extensive chrome accents, woodgrain trim, and availability to appeal to buyers seeking upscale work or leisure variants without full heavy-duty specifications. The Ranger trim elevated the F-100 and F-150 models, often bundled with features like and transmissions, solidifying its association with refined utility. During the development of Project Yuma from 1980 to 1982—a initiative to create Ford's first domestic compact pickup—the "Ranger" name was selected for the to capitalize on its established from F-Series trims, evoking a sense of versatile, capable utility in a smaller package responsive to rising fuel costs and import competition. This choice marked the transition of the toward dedicated compact truck identity, building on its historical ties to Ford's rugged vehicle lineage.

North American Models

Compact Pickup (1983–2012)

The Ford Ranger compact pickup was introduced in January 1983 as the 1983 model year vehicle, replacing the imported with a domestically engineered design aimed at improving in response to the oil crises. Developed under Ford's Project , the Ranger addressed shifting consumer preferences toward smaller, more economical trucks amid economic and shortages. Production occurred primarily at the in (until 1999), the Edison Assembly Plant in (until 2004), and the in (from 1982 to 2011), resulting in nearly 7 million units built across the model's run. The Ranger spanned three generations during its North American production. The first generation (1983–1992) featured a boxy, utilitarian design with angular lines suited to the era's compact truck aesthetics, introducing the optional 2.8-liter Cologne V6 engine for enhanced performance over base four-cylinders. The second generation (1993–1997) adopted smoother, curved styling with improved aerodynamics and a more rounded front fascia, adding the 4.0-liter Cologne V6 as a higher-output option for better towing and acceleration. The third generation (1998–2012) incorporated further aerodynamic refinements, including updated grille and headlamp designs in 2001, with the 4.0-liter V6 becoming standard in many trims by the late 2000s; it concluded with the 2011–2012 Sport Trac, a four-door SUV variant blending pickup utility with enclosed cargo space. Engine options emphasized reliability and versatility, starting with the 2.0-liter and 2.3-liter inline-four engines producing 85 to 143 horsepower across variants and years, suitable for daily commuting and light duties. V6 power came from the 2.8-liter and later 3.0-liter engines at 140 horsepower, while the 4.0-liter V6 ranged from 160 to 207 horsepower, offering superior torque for heavier loads. A rare 2.3-liter turbocharged diesel inline-four ( 4D55), rated at 84 horsepower, was available from 1985 to 1987 for fuel economy-focused buyers. Body configurations included a regular cab with a 6-foot bed for basic work needs and the SuperCab extended cab for added passenger space, available in (2WD) or (4WD) setups. Maximum reached up to 1,600 pounds with optional packages, while extended to 6,000 pounds when properly equipped, making it practical for small contractors and recreational users. Special editions enhanced appeal, such as the 1986 Rally Sport (STX trim) with sporty styling and V6 power, and the 2001 FX4 off-road package featuring skid plates, all-terrain tires, and Bilstein shocks for rugged terrain. As the best-selling compact truck in , the Ranger achieved annual sales exceeding 300,000 units in the mid-1980s and early 1990s, peaking at over 348,000 in 1999 and leading the segment for 18 consecutive years until 2005. Its discontinuation was announced in late 2010 for the 2012 , with ceasing on December 16, 2011, at the plant to allow to focus resources on the dominant full-size F-Series lineup amid declining compact truck demand.

Mid-Size Pickup (2019–present)

The Ford Ranger was reintroduced to the North American market as a mid-size , marking the first new model since the compact version ended production in 2012 after a seven-year absence. It was unveiled at the 2018 in on January 13, 2018. Sales began in the fall of 2018 as a 2019 model year vehicle, produced exclusively at the Michigan Assembly Plant in , with specific tuning to comply with U.S. emissions regulations and federal crash safety standards. The North American Ranger shares its foundational T6 platform with international variants but features adaptations for local preferences, such as larger bed dimensions and enhanced towing capabilities suited to American trucking needs. Powertrain options emphasize efficiency and performance, with the standard 2.3-liter EcoBoost inline-four delivering 270 horsepower and 310 pound-feet of , paired exclusively with a 10-speed . From the model year, an optional 2.7-liter EcoBoost V6 became available on higher trims like the , producing 315 horsepower and 400 pound-feet of , while the off-road-oriented trim uses a tuned 3.0-liter EcoBoost V6 rated at 405 horsepower and 430 pound-feet. Trim levels cater to diverse buyers: the base includes cloth seats and an 8-inch SYNC system; the XLT adds alloy wheels and upgraded connectivity; the offers leather upholstery and a 12-inch ; and the stands out with Fox Live Valve shocks, 33-inch all-terrain tires, and 10.7 inches of ground clearance for superior off-road prowess. Maximum towing capacity reaches 7,500 pounds with the proper equipment, while tops out at 1,788 pounds, establishing strong utility in the mid-size segment. A mid-cycle refresh for the introduced bolder, boxier exterior styling with a larger grille and more aggressive lines, alongside an updated interior featuring a 12.4-inch digital instrument cluster and enhanced connectivity. New towing aids, such as Pro Trailer Hitch Assist, improved maneuverability for trailers. For , updates include a new Black Appearance Package with dark accents on wheels and trim, refined trailering technologies like integrated brake controllers, minor adjustments for better usability, new exterior colors such as Desert Sand and Marsh Gray (with Cactus Gray and Hot Pepper Red Metallic Tinted Clearcoat discontinued), and; In , U.S. sales totaled 46,205 units, reflecting growing demand in the mid-size segment. Safety is a core focus, with the Ford Co-Pilot360 suite standard across trims, incorporating , automatic emergency braking with pedestrian detection, and lane-keeping assist. The Ranger has received good overall ratings from the (IIHS) in crash tests for models from 2019 through 2023, though it has not achieved Top Safety Pick status due to headlight performance and results in updated side-impact evaluations.

South American Models

Compact Models (1995–2011)

The Ford Ranger compact models were introduced to South American markets in 1995, initially through imports to and local assembly from completely knocked-down (CKD) kits in , with full production commencing in 1996 at Ford's General plant near . This adaptation of the North American third-generation compact platform, aligned from 1998 onward, emphasized diesel powertrains suited to commercial applications and crew cab configurations tailored for family and fleet use in the region. Engine options included petrol variants such as the 2.3-liter inline-four and 3.0-liter V6, but the lineup prioritized , starting with the 2.8-liter Power Stroke inline-four producing approximately 130 horsepower for efficient work duties, later supplemented by a 3.0-liter Power Stroke producing 163 horsepower for enhanced performance.) Transmissions were predominantly five-speed manuals, with limited automatic options available. Vehicle configurations offered single, double, and crew cabs in two-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive setups, featuring shorter beds optimized for urban navigation; these models balanced utility with maneuverability. Production expanded regionally, with assembly at Venezuela's plant from 1983 to 2012 and at Brazil's facility starting in 2001, enabling annual output exceeding 50,000 units by the mid-2000s across . These compact Rangers gained traction as an affordable, durable workhorse. Production of the compact models concluded in 2011, with remaining inventory sold through 2012 to facilitate the transition to newer platforms.

Mid-Size Models (2012–present)

The mid-size Ford Ranger was introduced in in 2012 at the International Motor Show, marking a shift from the previous compact models to a larger, globally engineered based on the T6 platform for enhanced highway performance, payload capacity, and export potential to markets like . This generation emphasized durability and versatility for regional demands, including rugged terrains and agricultural use, while replacing the smaller predecessor to align with evolving consumer preferences for more capable pickups. Production of the mid-size Ranger is centered at Ford's Pacheco Assembly Plant in General Pacheco, Argentina, which began assembling the model in 2012 and has since become the primary hub for South American output. The facility's capacity has been expanded through investments exceeding $700 million, enabling an increase to approximately 70,000 units annually by 2025 to meet rising demand in and . After the compact model's end, all regional production shifted to Pacheco. Powertrain options for the South American Ranger initially featured Duratorq engines, including a 2.2-liter four-cylinder producing 160 horsepower and a 3.2-liter five-cylinder delivering 200 horsepower, paired with a six-speed manual or . From 2018, updates introduced a more efficient 2.0-liter bi-turbo with 210 horsepower, alongside a standard 10-speed for improved fuel economy and performance. In 2023, a 3.0-liter V6 option became available, offering enhanced for heavy-duty tasks while maintaining compliance with regional emissions standards. Trim levels cater to diverse needs, with work-oriented and variants focusing on basic utility and fleet applications, mid-level XLT adding comfort features like alloy wheels, and premium Limited and models providing luxury interiors, advanced , and off-road enhancements such as shocks, 18-inch wheels, and terrain management systems. Double-cab configurations dominate the lineup, supporting a maximum capacity of 3,500 kg to suit commercial and recreational uses. The model received a styling refresh in 2015 with updated front and interior materials, followed by 2019 powertrain refinements for better refinement and efficiency. A major 2022 facelift introduced the next-generation design with matrix LED headlights, enhanced connectivity, and improved safety features like . In 2025, Pacheco marked the Ranger's 30th anniversary in with production boosts and special editions celebrating its legacy. Looking ahead, plans to produce a (PHEV) variant at starting in 2027, supported by an additional $170 million investment, with an expected electric-only range of approximately 45 km to address urban emissions regulations. The holds a strong market position in South America's mid-size pickup segment, driven by its reliability and local production advantages.

International Models

Mazda-Based Models (1998–2011)

The Mazda-based Ford Ranger was developed in collaboration with as part of a to create a versatile pickup for international markets outside the , sharing its platform and many components with the Mazda B-Series , which was marketed as the in select Asian regions. Announced in late 1997 and premiered at the International Motor Show in March 1998, the Ranger launched initially as a double-cab model in that fall, targeting the growing demand for affordable, rugged vehicles in and emerging export markets. This partnership leveraged 's expertise in compact trucks while incorporating Ford's engineering for broader global adaptability, resulting in a model that emphasized durability and cost-efficiency over luxury. Production commenced in July 1998 at the AutoAlliance Thailand facility in , a between (45%), (45%), and Thai partners (10%), with an initial annual capacity of 135,000 units and over 70% local content to support exports to and . Production shifted to South Africa's Silverton Assembly Plant starting in 2000, marking Ford's re-entry into that market and enabling exports to over 100 countries. By the end of its run in 2011, the model had achieved substantial global output, with the Thai alone contributing significantly to volumes exceeding one million units across all facilities during this period. The Ranger's leaf-spring rear provided robust handling for off-road and load-bearing duties, paired with a ladder-frame derived from the B-Series for enhanced torsional rigidity. Engine options reflected regional preferences, with petrol variants including a 2.6-liter inline-four producing horsepower, and from 2005 a 4.0-liter V6 delivering 207 horsepower for markets like and parts of , while diesels dominated in and developing regions with 2.5-liter turbocharged units offering 80-141 horsepower and, from 2006, a 3.0-liter with 154 horsepower for better and .) Transmission choices included a standard five-speed manual or optional four- or five-speed automatic, supporting both rear-wheel (4x2) and selectable four-wheel (4x4) drive systems. Configurations spanned single, extended, and double cabs with bed lengths of 2.3 meters or 2.8 meters, accommodating payloads from 800 to 1,000 kilograms and towing capacities up to 2,500 kilograms, making it suitable for commercial and recreational use. Market-specific adaptations highlighted the model's versatility: in , emphasis was placed on 4x4 variants for off-road capability in rugged terrains; models prioritized the 2.5-liter to meet stricter emissions standards; and Asian markets favored basic trims for affordability in urban and rural . From 2005, the special Wildtrak luxury package was introduced as a double-cab variant, featuring two-tone leather seats, , , airbags, a unique metallic red paint option, aluminum sports bars, and an integrated radio, aimed at adventure enthusiasts in the UK and with a starting price of £19,100 OTR. A mid-cycle refresh in 2003 introduced a revised grille and minor styling tweaks for a more modern appearance, while the 2006 facelift brought a bolder front end, improved interior refinement, and Euro IV-compliant common-rail engines for better emissions and performance in markets. Production ended in 2011 to make way for the all-new T6 , by which time the had become Australia's top-selling mid-size , underscoring its enduring popularity in the region.

T6 Platform Models (2011–present)

The T6 platform for the was developed as part of Ford's strategy to create a mid-size global , with engineering led by starting in the mid-2000s and involving collaboration from Ford's teams, including input from operations. The project, codenamed T6, aimed to deliver a versatile vehicle for diverse markets, emphasizing durability, off-road capability, and export potential. It was unveiled at the 2011 in , marking a shift from regionally specific designs to a unified global architecture. Production of the T6 Ranger began in 2011 at Ford's AutoAlliance facility in , which serves as the primary hub with an annual capacity exceeding 150,000 units, enabling exports to over 100 countries. Additional occurs at the Silverton Assembly in , , which has produced more than one million units since 2011 and is preparing for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) assembly starting in 2025. A brief assembly operation was established in Umm al-Quwain, UAE, to support distribution, though it was short-lived compared to the main sites. These facilities underscore the model's role in Ford's international , with handling the bulk of and global exports. At launch, the T6 Ranger offered a 3.2-liter inline-five diesel engine producing 147 kW (197 hp) and 470 Nm of torque, alongside a 2.2-liter inline-four diesel with 120 kW (161 hp) and 385 Nm, and a 2.3-liter EcoBoost petrol option in select markets for broader appeal. Engine options evolved with the introduction of a 2.0-liter bi-turbo diesel in 2018, delivering 157 kW (211 hp) and 500 Nm for improved efficiency and performance. By 2023, a 3.0-liter V6 turbo-diesel joined the lineup, providing 184 kW (247 hp) and 600 Nm, enhancing towing capacity up to 3,500 kg. As announced in November 2025, starting in 2026 the 2.0-liter bi-turbo diesel will be phased out globally in favor of a revised single-turbo 2.0-liter diesel and the expanded availability of the 2.3-liter EcoBoost petrol engine in select markets to meet evolving emissions standards and consumer preferences. Key structural features include a fully boxed ladder frame for rigidity, independent double-wishbone front suspension, and coil-spring rear suspension for superior ride quality over leaf-spring rivals. From 2018, a 10-speed automatic transmission became standard across variants, paired with selectable drive modes. Trim levels range from base XL and XLS models focused on work utility, to mid-tier XLT with added comfort, premium Wildtrak offering a panoramic sunroof and 360-degree camera, and the high-performance Raptor variant equipped with a 3.0-liter twin-turbo V6 EcoBoost petrol engine producing 292 kW (392 hp) and Baja off-road mode for extreme terrain. Significant updates have kept the T6 platform competitive, including a 2015 mid-cycle refresh that enhanced rugged styling and off-road credentials with revised bumpers and lighting. The 2019 facelift overhauled the interior with a larger system and improved materials, while the 2022 redesign on the updated T6.2 platform introduced a 12.4-inch , digital instrument cluster, and the Pro Power onboard generator for powering tools up to 2.0 kW. Globally, the T6 Ranger has become the best-selling mid-size pickup, with over 380,900 units sold in 2024 alone, driven by its versatility and strong performance in markets like where it holds about 40% of the ute segment share. A PHEV variant, with customer deliveries starting in spring 2025 in , offers an electric-only range of over 45 km (WLTP) while retaining full towing and payload capabilities, supporting Ford's electrification goals.

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