Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Guard mounting

Guard mounting is a formal military ceremony in which a new contingent of soldiers or sentries relieves the previous guard, marking the official handover of security duties at important sites such as palaces, tombs, or installations.^[1]^[2] Also known as the changing of the guard, it ensures continuous vigilance while demonstrating discipline and precision through synchronized movements, inspections, and often musical accompaniment.^[3] The tradition originated in 17th-century European militaries as a practical measure for rotating sentries, evolving into a symbolic ritual that reinforces unit cohesion and readiness.^[3] In the United Kingdom, it dates to 1660, when the Household Division began guarding the Sovereign and royal residences, with the ceremony formalizing at Buckingham Palace after Queen Victoria's residence there in 1837.^[4]^[5] Early forms trace back further to Henry VIII's establishment of permanent royal guards in the 16th century, emphasizing daily inspections to confirm soldiers' fitness for duty.^[5] Variations occur worldwide, adapted to national customs and contexts; for example, the British version at Buckingham Palace involves Foot Guards regiments marching from Wellington Barracks, lasting about 45 minutes and featuring a regimental band.^[5] In the United States Army, guard mounting follows doctrinal procedures outlined in Training Circular 3-22.6, including formations, inspections by the commander of the guard, and posting of reliefs to interior or exterior posts, with records maintained in a journal for accountability.^[6] A prominent American instance is the sentinel change at Arlington National Cemetery's Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, performed continuously since 1948 by the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment.^[7] The ceremony holds enduring significance as a symbol of unbroken service, national heritage, and military professionalism, often drawing public audiences to witness the guards' elaborate uniforms—such as the British bearskins—and precise drill.^[4] It underscores the guard's role in both ceremonial pomp and actual security, with reliefs typically serving 24-hour shifts divided into postings.^[3]^[6]

Introduction

Definition and Etymology

Guard mounting is a formal military ceremony in which sentries or guards providing guard duties at significant locations, such as palaces, tombs, or barracks, are relieved by a new contingent of personnel.^[2]^[8] This process symbolizes the seamless transfer of responsibility for security and honor, ensuring continuous vigilance without interruption. The ceremony typically involves the old guard handing over to the new guard in a structured, disciplined manner, often accompanied by music, inspections, and precise movements to maintain military tradition and unit cohesion.^[4] The term "guard mounting" derives from 17th-century English military terminology, specifically the phrase "mounting guard," which meant assuming one's post for watch and protection. The word "guard" itself traces back to Old French "garde," denoting watchfulness or protection, evolving in military contexts to describe both the personnel and the act of stationing them.^[9] The practice of mounting guards gained prominence with the establishment of the British Household Troops in 1660 under King Charles II, formalizing palace guard duties and associated rituals at sites like Whitehall Palace.^[10]^[11] Unlike broader military spectacles such as parades or reviews, which emphasize display, marching formations, or command inspections for morale and public presentation, guard mounting centers exclusively on the operational handover of sentry duties.^[12] This distinction underscores its practical role in maintaining security continuity, rather than serving primarily as a ceremonial showcase or evaluative assembly.^[13]

Purpose and Significance

Guard mounting serves a critical practical function in military operations by ensuring the seamless continuity of security duties. The ceremony facilitates a structured handover between outgoing and incoming guards, allowing for the verification of personnel fitness, equipment readiness, and adherence to protocols before assuming posts. This process includes inspections of uniforms, arms, and overall preparedness, enabling the replacement of any unfit individuals to maintain operational effectiveness.^[14] By standardizing the relief of sentries, it upholds discipline and prevents lapses in vigilance at protected sites, such as installations or dignitaries.^[14]^[15] Beyond its operational role, guard mounting holds profound symbolic significance as a representation of enduring military tradition, national pride, and institutional stability. The formal exchange of responsibilities symbolizes the unbroken chain of duty and the reliability of armed forces in safeguarding key assets, often evoking a sense of historical continuity and honor.^[4]^[16] In many nations, it stands as a public spectacle that honors military heritage, reinforcing collective identity and the values of loyalty and precision.^[4] This ritualized display underscores the commitment to ceremonial excellence, linking present-day service members to centuries-old practices.^[3] The cultural impact of guard mounting extends to broader societal benefits, including substantial boosts to tourism and the fostering of unit cohesion. Major ceremonies, such as those at Buckingham Palace, attract millions of visitors annually, generating economic value through heightened interest in historical sites and contributing to national branding.^[4] Within military units, the ritualized drills promote discipline and teamwork, enhancing interpersonal bonds and operational synergy among participants.^[14]

History

Origins and Early Development

The practice of guard mounting has its roots in ancient military traditions, particularly the Roman vigiliae, or watchmen, who performed essential sentry duties in military camps to prevent surprise attacks and maintain security. These vigiliae operated in shifts throughout the night, ensuring continuous vigilance around fortifications and key installations, a system that emphasized discipline and handover procedures to sustain operational readiness.^[17]^[18] During the medieval period, guard duties evolved into formalized sentries at European castles and fortresses, primarily for the protection of monarchs and noble leaders amid frequent threats of siege or intrigue. By the late 1400s, under King Henry VII of England, an official guard change ritual emerged at the Tower of London, establishing a permanent royal bodyguard institution that included structured handovers to ensure unbroken protection of the sovereign. This development reflected broader European fortress practices, where sentries in structures like Windsor Castle or French châteaus conducted shift changes to safeguard against nocturnal assaults, laying the groundwork for ceremonial elements in guard transitions.^[11] The 17th century marked the formalization of guard mounting as a structured peacetime drill, particularly in England, when the first dedicated guards regiments were raised in 1656 during Charles II's exile and formalized following the Restoration in 1660 to protect the monarch and royal residences, enhancing unit cohesion and battlefield preparedness through regular assemblies and inspections.^[11] By the early 18th century, guard mounting spread to colonial armies, with the first documented instances in the American Revolutionary War during the 1770s, where Continental Army units under George Washington conducted formal guard assemblies for camp security and prisoner oversight, adapting British traditions to frontier conditions. These procedures, detailed in Washington's general orders, involved inspections and handovers to deter espionage and ensure perimeter defense amid ongoing conflicts.^[19]^[20]

Modern Ceremonial Tradition

During the 19th century, guard mounting evolved from a primarily functional military drill into an elaborate ceremonial display, reflecting the expansion of the British Empire and the Victorian emphasis on imperial pomp and pageantry. When Queen Victoria relocated to Buckingham Palace in 1837, a dedicated detachment of the Queen's Guard was established there alongside the main guard at St James's Palace, formalizing the ceremony at the new royal residence and enhancing its public visibility.^[4] This period saw the integration of musical elements, with full military bands accompanying the proceedings to play traditional marches and other selections, adding to the spectacle's grandeur.^[21] In the 20th century, following the World Wars, the tradition adapted to underscore themes of remembrance and national symbolism rather than active defense. Ceremonies became poignant tributes to fallen soldiers, as exemplified by the dedication of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery on November 11, 1921, where an unknown World War I service member was interred to honor all unidentified war dead; dedicated military guards were first posted there in March 1926 to protect the site.^[22] The practice spread internationally through British colonial legacies, particularly within Commonwealth nations, where similar rituals were adopted and performed by local forces, as seen in the participation of regiments from Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and others during Queen Elizabeth II's 1953 coronation ceremonies.^[4] Today, guard mounting persists as a symbolic tradition in numerous countries worldwide, often amplified by media coverage and tourism to preserve cultural heritage while adapting to contemporary contexts. These events maintain core elements like synchronized marches and inspections but incorporate modern audiences through live broadcasts and public accessibility, ensuring their role in fostering national pride and international diplomacy.^[23]

General Procedure

The general procedure for guard mounting varies by country, military branch, and whether it is a routine duty rotation or a formal ceremonial event. The following outlines common elements, drawing on established military doctrines with examples for illustration.

Preparation and Assembly

The preparation and assembly phase involves coordinating the outgoing (old) guard and incoming (new) guard to ensure readiness for the handover. The old guard, completing their shift, assembles in a line or rank formation at a designated area such as a parade ground or guardhouse, supervised by their commander positioned in front of and centered on the formation—for example, six steps in U.S. Army procedure.^[24] This assembly typically occurs 30 to 60 minutes before the ceremony to allow alignment and initial checks.^[16] The new guard, from a relief unit, marches from barracks to the site, potentially accompanied by a military band for ceremonial occasions. In formal U.S. Army mountings, the band may position to the right flank and the new guard marches in front of the old guard, with saluting commands issued during the approach.^[14] Preliminary inspections for uniforms, arms, and fitness occur beforehand, with unfit personnel replaced.^[24]^[16] The commander of the guard verifies orders with relief leaders, assigns posts, and records details for accountability. This phase, often lasting 15 to 20 minutes, establishes discipline for the handover.^[24]

Inspection and Handover

The inspection reviews both guards for standards of appearance, equipment, and fitness, using commands to prepare personnel—such as "Inspection, Arms" in U.S. and Canadian procedures.^[14]^[15] Unsatisfactory members may be replaced. The old guard commander briefs the new on incidents or post status.^[14] The handover transfers responsibilities through salutes, such as "Present Arms," often with musical signals like a salute call. Symbolic exchanges may include countersigns, warrants, or items like keys—for instance, the Palace key in British ceremonies.^[15]^[14]^[16] The old guard stands at ease as the new reliefs proceed to posts, ensuring security continuity. This phase typically lasts 10 to 15 minutes.^[16]^[15]

Conclusion of the Ceremony

After handover, the old guard salutes, then marches off, often in slow time for ceremonial effect before quickening pace.^[16] Country-specific commands may apply, such as "OLD GUARD, CLOSE ORDER – MARCH" in Canadian procedures or "DISMISS THE GUARD" in U.S. protocol.^[15]^[24] The senior officer declares the relief complete, possibly with brief remarks on duties. The new guard assumes posts, with reliefs rotating—typically 2 hours on post every 4 hours for sentries in some operations, or 6 to 8 hours for relief groups in others, up to 24 hours total.^[15]^[24] The ceremony generally totals 30 to 45 minutes, after which public areas clear if applicable.^[16]

Attire and Equipment

Uniforms

In guard mounting ceremonies, participants don full dress uniforms that emphasize tradition, precision, and visual uniformity to uphold military discipline and ceremonial grandeur. These typically feature tailored tunics or coats, distinctive headgear, and complementary accessories such as white gloves for handling items and polished leather boots for a sharp silhouette. For instance, in the British Army's Household Division, Foot Guards wear scarlet tunics paired with tall bearskin caps adorned with regimental plumes, such as red for the Coldstream Guards, during summer parades, complemented by white trousers and black boots.^[25] Similarly, the U.S. Army's 3rd Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) employs the Ceremonial Blue Uniform, consisting of a dark blue single-breasted coat with gold buttons and white trousers for formal events.^[26] Sashes or waist belts in regimental colors often secure the ensemble, while gloves and boots ensure a pristine, reflective finish. Uniform variations by rank distinguish leadership roles and add hierarchical formality. Officers commonly wear peaked caps with gold-embroidered peaks and aiguillettes—decorative shoulder cords signifying command—alongside tailored tunics featuring higher collars or additional braiding. Enlisted personnel, by contrast, typically equip stable belts around the waist or cross-belts over the chest to provide structural support and visual rigidity during prolonged standing or marching. In the British tradition, officers don double-breasted greatcoats in winter, while other ranks receive single-breasted versions, maintaining both distinction and practicality.^[25] Strict maintenance standards ensure uniforms symbolize unwavering discipline, with inspections verifying cleanliness, proper fit without wrinkles or tightness, and serviceability before ceremonies. These practices align with the preparation phase, where any discrepancies in appearance are corrected. Evolving from heavy 18th-century wool uniforms intended for battlefield visibility and cohesion, contemporary versions blend historical designs with synthetic fabrics like polyester-wool mixes for enhanced durability and wearer comfort in varying climates.

Ceremonial Arms and Accessories

In guard mounting ceremonies, the primary ceremonial arms are rifles fitted with fixed bayonets, carried at the slope arms position to denote vigilance during the procession and handover. These rifles, such as the SA80 used by the British Household Division and the M14 employed by the U.S. Army's 3rd Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard), are typically unloaded to prioritize safety in public settings. Officers may also present arms or swords as part of the salute to the senior captain or dignitaries during the inspection phase.^[16]^[27] Supplementary accessories enhance the ceremonial precision and regimental identity. Drum-major maces, wielded by band leaders, serve as batons to signal commands and maintain rhythm during marches, a practice rooted in military band traditions. Bugles sound specific calls, such as assembly or guard mounting signals, to coordinate troop movements and mark ceremonial transitions. Color poles bearing guidons or regimental colors are carried by ensigns, symbolizing the unit's heritage and placed in the guard room post-ceremony; for instance, the Household Division's regimental color is marched with the new guard to St. James's Palace.^[28]^[29]^[16] For mounted elements, sidearms like sabers are standard, as seen in the Household Cavalry's 1892 pattern Life Guards' sword—a heavy, single-edged, straight-bladed weapon with a nickel-plated steel bowl guard and brass regimental badge, primarily used for state occasions and salutes. The fixed bayonet on rifles evokes historical readiness for close defense, a custom upheld in parades by units like The Old Guard. All items are meticulously polished to reflect ceremonial standards, with handling techniques derived from 18th-century drill manuals that emphasize precise bayonet fixing and rifle manipulation.^[30]^[31]

Guard Mounting by Country

United Kingdom

The guard mounting ceremony in the United Kingdom, known as Changing the Guard or Guard Mounting, is a longstanding military tradition primarily conducted at royal residences such as Buckingham Palace in London and Windsor Castle. Performed by regiments of the Household Division, including the Grenadier Guards, Coldstream Guards, Scots Guards, Irish Guards, and Welsh Guards, the ceremony dates back to the formation of the first guard units in 1656 to protect King Charles II in exile, with formal duties established upon his restoration in 1660.^[4]^[11]^[32] At Buckingham Palace, the ceremony typically occurs on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays at 11:00 a.m., lasting approximately 45 minutes and involving around 40 to 50 soldiers from the Foot Guards, divided into officers and other ranks. The Old Guard, responsible for the previous duty, assembles at St. James's Palace and marches to Buckingham Palace forecourt, where it is joined by the detachment guarding the palace itself. Meanwhile, the New Guard forms up at Wellington Barracks before proceeding to the palace accompanied by a regimental band or corps of drums, which provides musical accompaniment throughout the event.^[5]^[16]^[33] The core of the ceremony involves a formal inspection, the handover of responsibilities—including the symbolic transfer of the palace keys—and a salute, after which the Old Guard departs while the New Guard takes position. At Windsor Castle, a similar but scaled procedure takes place on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays at 11:00 a.m. within the castle grounds, also featuring Household Division regiments and musical support. A cavalry variant, the Changing of the King's Life Guard, occurs daily at 11:00 a.m. (10:00 a.m. on Sundays) on Horse Guards Parade in Whitehall, involving mounted sentries from the Household Cavalry.^[16]^[34]^[35]

United States

In the United States, guard mounting is most prominently associated with the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery, established in 1921 to honor unidentified service members from World War I and subsequent conflicts.^[36] The ceremony, performed continuously since 1948 by soldiers from the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment ("The Old Guard"), maintains a 24-hour vigil, 365 days a year, regardless of weather conditions, symbolizing unwavering national commitment to the fallen.^[22]^[37] The tradition evolved from World War I memorials, inspired by similar honors in France and Britain, with the Tomb's interment ceremony on November 11, 1921, featuring wreath-laying by dignitaries using white roses to select the unknown soldier.^[36] Initial guarding began in 1925 with civilians and transitioned to military personnel from Fort Myer in 1926 to prevent vandalism, becoming a round-the-clock duty on July 1, 1937.^[22] Wreath-laying remains a key element of official commemorations at the Tomb, integrating with the site's broader memorial landscape, including nearby eternal flames like that at President John F. Kennedy's grave, to evoke perpetual remembrance.^[38] Distinctive for its austere reverence, the U.S. ceremony emphasizes silent precision without music or fanfare, contrasting with more elaborate international variants.^[39] Sentinels execute a meticulous drill, marching 21 steps across a black mat at 90 steps per minute, pausing for 21 seconds while facing east and then north—numbers symbolizing the 21-gun salute, the highest military honor—before performing a shoulder-arms movement with their rifle oriented away from the Tomb.^[22]^[39] Guards, selected through rigorous training and required to memorize cemetery history, wear standard Army dress blues during the ritual, underscoring the focus on solemn duty over spectacle.^[37]

Canada

The guard mounting ceremony in Canada, known as the Changing of the Guard, is primarily conducted on Parliament Hill in Ottawa by the Ceremonial Guard, an ad hoc unit drawn from the Canadian Army's Regular and Reserve forces, including members of the Canadian Grenadier Guards and the Governor General's Foot Guards.^[40] This tradition traces its roots to the mid-19th century militia drills, with precursor units like the Canadian Grenadier Guards formed in 1859 as volunteer rifle battalions to support colonial defense efforts.^[41] The modern ceremony was formalized in 1959 to welcome Queen Elizabeth II, adapting British Commonwealth practices to a federal parliamentary context with reduced emphasis on royal pageantry and greater integration of national symbols.^[40] In 2025, the procedure followed a structured sequence similar to its British origins but tailored for Canadian settings, occurring daily from June 27 to August 24 at 10:00 a.m. (weather permitting), with full parades including the march from Cartier Square Drill Hall along Laurier, Elgin, and Wellington streets until August 7 (Wednesdays through Sundays, with band performances on Mondays and Tuesdays). After August 7, the on-site inspection, handover of duties, and trooping of the colours continued daily, accompanied by the Ceremonial Guard Band's music during a concert from 10:00 to 10:30 a.m. On Canada Day, the event is confined to the Parliament Hill precinct due to road closures, emphasizing public accessibility.^[40]^[42] Distinctive Canadian elements include bilingual commands delivered in both English and French, reflecting the nation's official languages policy for parades above unit level, which enhances inclusivity during the ceremonial drill.^[43] To honor veterans, Canadian Armed Forces members, including those in the Ceremonial Guard, incorporate poppy emblems on their uniforms from late October through Remembrance Day on November 11, symbolizing remembrance of sacrifices in conflicts like the World Wars.^[44] While the core ceremony lacks a standard mounted component from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, occasional joint honors with RCMP elements occur at related sites like the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier to underscore national unity.^[45]

India

The guard mounting ceremony in India, known as the Change of Guard, is a ceremonial handover of duties at Rashtrapati Bhavan, the official residence of the President of India in New Delhi. This tradition reflects a post-colonial adaptation of British military practices, maintained since India's independence in 1947 to symbolize vigilance and continuity in safeguarding the nation's leadership. The ceremony blends disciplined drill formations inherited from colonial times with elements of Indian military heritage, such as the involvement of historic regiments.^[46] Performed every Saturday at 8:00 AM in the forecourt of Rashtrapati Bhavan, the event draws from ancient military customs of rotating sentries to ensure alertness, a practice revamped post-independence for greater public accessibility and appeal. The President's Bodyguard (PBG), the senior-most regiment of the Indian Army raised in 1773, provides the mounted equestrian contingent on caparisoned horses, while an infantry unit—such as the First Battalion of the Fifth Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force), established in 1858—handles foot drill duties. These units rotate periodically. The PBG's role underscores the ceremony's equestrian focus, featuring synchronized horse maneuvers that highlight the regiment's expertise in both ceremonial and operational cavalry traditions.^[47]^[46]^[48] The approximately 50-minute ceremony commences with the Ceremonial Band positioning itself, followed by the Parade Commander leading the procession to martial tunes. The outgoing guard, comprising both mounted and infantry elements, marches in for inspection, after which the incoming guard salutes and assumes positions, symbolizing the seamless transfer of guardianship. Key highlights include a formal exchange of the national salute, the playing of the National Anthem, and a concluding equestrian display by the PBG, which showcases precision riding and ceremonial regalia. Over 100 personnel typically participate, including troopers, bandsmen, and support staff, emphasizing the event's scale as a display of military discipline and national pride. This format, updated in February 2025 to include enhanced visual and musical elements against the backdrop of Rashtrapati Bhavan, is open to the public for a nominal fee, fostering civic engagement with India's republican institutions.^[46]^[49]^[49]

China

The guard mounting ceremonies in China are conducted by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Honor Guard Battalion, primarily at Tiananmen Square in Beijing, where they perform the daily raising and lowering of the national flag as a formal handover of ceremonial duties for national symbols. This tradition began in the late 1970s, with the battalion assuming responsibility for flag-raising duties starting in May 1977—a role it maintained until December 1982, before resuming full control on January 1, 2018, to underscore the PLA's central place in safeguarding state emblems.^[50] The ceremonies symbolize unwavering discipline and patriotism, integral to the communist state's ideological framework.^[51] Central to these events is the honor guard's high-step goose step march, a synchronized drill executed with rigid posture and emphatic foot stomps, covering the 138 steps from Tiananmen Gate to the flagpole. Guards, selected from elite PLA recruits for their physical standards and rigorous training, wear Type 07 ceremonial uniforms featuring red-starred peaked caps and olive-green attire, evoking revolutionary heritage.^[52] The flag-raising occurs precisely at sunrise (varying seasonally, such as around 7:00 a.m. in mid-November), while the flag-lowering variant aligns with sunset (approximately 5:00 p.m. in November), both emphasizing unaccompanied precision without musical accompaniment to highlight collective unity and state reverence. Each full sequence, including approach, hoist or lower, and withdrawal, unfolds over about 30 minutes of methodical execution.^[53]^[54] These routines extend to mausoleums, notably the Mao Zedong Memorial Hall within Tiananmen Square, where honor guards maintain vigil over the leader's remains and conduct shift changes in a similarly austere manner, reinforcing political continuity and national memory.^[55] On significant state occasions like National Day (October 1), expanded formations from the battalion participate, integrating the drill into broader parades that amplify themes of ideological loyalty and military prowess.^[56] The absence of hereditary elements distinguishes this modern, state-directed practice, prioritizing egalitarian discipline over traditional pomp.

Russia

In Russia, the guard mounting ceremony is primarily conducted by the Presidential Regiment, a special unit of the Federal Protective Service responsible for securing the Moscow Kremlin and its grounds. The main ceremonial event occurs weekly on Cathedral Square within the Kremlin walls, featuring both foot and mounted guards, and runs from April to October, typically on Saturdays or Sundays at noon. This tradition revives historical practices, with the regiment also maintaining a continuous honor guard at key sites, including the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Alexander Garden adjacent to the Kremlin, designated as Post No. 1. At this eternal flame memorial, guards change hourly in a solemn, silent ritual that emphasizes discipline and vigilance. The original Post No. 1, established in 1924 at Lenin's Mausoleum on Red Square, was discontinued in the early 1990s following political changes under President Boris Yeltsin, shifting focus to sites honoring World War II sacrifices. The Presidential Regiment's role traces its roots to tsarist-era formations, with ceremonial elements drawing from the Preobrazhensky Life-Guards Regiment established by Peter the Great in the early 1700s as part of Russia's imperial military traditions. Formalized further in the 17th century under the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, these practices were adapted during the Soviet period and revived in their current form after the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. The weekly Kremlin ceremony was instituted in 2005 to honor this lineage, blending historical pageantry with modern security duties, while the guard at Post No. 1 was relocated to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in 1997 to commemorate the Great Patriotic War. Ceremonial traditions feature soldiers in historical uniforms inspired by early 20th-century imperial designs, including fur hats such as bearskins for foot guards and the double-headed eagle insignia symbolizing Russia's imperial heritage. The 15- to 20-minute procedure incorporates precise marching drills influenced by Soviet Victory Parade routines, such as synchronized rifle handling and a mounted "horse carousel" formation accompanied by a brass band. It concludes with a rifle salute presenting arms, underscoring military precision, while the regiment routinely participates in wreath-laying at eternal flames like Post No. 1 to pay tribute to fallen soldiers.

Other Countries

In Sweden, the Changing of the Guard ceremony occurs daily during the summer months at the Royal Palace in Stockholm, performed by the Life Guards regiment, which includes mounted units parading from the Cavalry Barracks accompanied by a military band featuring fanfare trumpets.^[57] The guards wear historical uniforms inspired by 18th-century designs, emphasizing the regiment's role in ceremonial duties since its establishment in the 16th century.^[57] In Greece, the Evzones of the [Presidential Guard](/page/Presidential Guard) conduct an hourly changing ceremony at the Parliament building in Athens, guarding the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier while dressed in traditional fustanella skirts that trace back to 19th-century origins.^[58] The ritual features synchronized slow-motion movements, including high kicks executed with precision, a practice formalized in the 1860s as part of the unit's evolution from earlier light infantry traditions.^[59]^[58] Denmark's Royal Life Guards perform a daily changing of the guard at Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen at noon, with sentries wearing distinctive bearskin hats as part of their blue ceremonial uniforms.^[60] The ceremony, which includes a parade from Rosenborg Castle, fosters public interaction as tourists often observe closely, reflecting the unit's 300-year history dating to its founding in 1658.^[60]^[61] In Peru, the changing of the guard at the Government Palace (Casa de Gobierno) in Lima features the Hussars of Junín in elaborate 19th-century-inspired uniforms, conducting a daily midday ceremony that highlights equestrian precision and colonial-era drill traditions.^[62] Similarly, South Korea's Presidential Security Service oversees honor guard ceremonies at the former Blue House (Cheong Wa Dae), incorporating taekwondo-inspired martial elements in demonstrations to blend modern security with national martial arts heritage.^[63] These practices, along with similar ceremonies in over 20 nations such as Australia and Malaysia, often reflect British colonial military influences, adapting 18th- and 19th-century drill formats to local customs and attire.^[23]

References

[1]
Definition of GUARD MOUNT
### Definition of Guard Mount
[2]
GUARD MOUNT | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
a ceremony in which a group of soldiers replaces the soldiers who have finished their time on duty standing outside an important public building: Men are at ...
[3]
What is the Changing of the Guard? - Forces News
Aug 26, 2025 · What is the Changing of the Guard? The ceremony, which is officially known as Guard Mounting, dates back to 1656 and represents a formal ...
[4]
Changing the Guard | The Royal Family
The Changing of the Guard ceremony marks the moment when the soldiers currently on duty, the Old Guard, exchange places with the New Guard. Play: Video. The ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[5]
Changing the Guard - Ceremonial Events - Official site
The ceremony represents a formal handover of responsibilities. The Guard at Buckingham Palace is typically provided by one of the five Foot Guards Regiments of ...Schedule · Calendar · Troop Movements · Origins
[6]
[PDF] GUARD DUTY - Army Writer
Jan 13, 2017 · Guard mounting always is conducted by the CoG or the SoG if the ... Legal and historical information is recorded in the journal.
[7]
Air Force Honor Guard History
The Honor Guard traces its beginning to May 1948 when Headquarters Command USAF was instructed to develop plans for an elite ceremonial unit comparable to those ...
[8]
Guard Mounting - Encyclopedia - The Free Dictionary
Guard mounting involves inspecting the guards for readiness to carry out their duties, transferring them to the appropriate command, and granting them the right ...<|separator|>
[9]
Guard Mounting Definition: The formal routine where security ...
Oct 31, 2025 · ... Etymology: From the military phrase “mounting guard,” meaning to take one's post for watch and protection. Sa mundo ng seguridad, ang guard ...
[10]
Guard - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating from Old French "garde" (guardian, custody) and Old French "garder" (to keep, protect), "guard" means watchfulness, protection, or a soldier on ...
[11]
Ceremonial Events in London | DiscoverBritain.com
May 4, 2024 · Household Troops have guarded the sovereign and royal palaces since 1660 and today's iconic ceremony, also known as Guard Mounting, usually ...Missing: documented manuals
[12]
Origins - Changing the Guard - Ceremonial Events - Official site
The Changing the Guard ceremony originally took place at the Palace of Whitehall which was the Sovereign's official residence in London until 1698.
[13]
[PDF] marine corps drill and ceremonies manual
Sep 24, 2018 · DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A PARADE AND REVIEW. 1. The sequence of events for a parade contains the following elements that a review does not contain.<|control11|><|separator|>
[14]
Military parade - Wikipedia
A military parade is a formation of military personnels whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drilling or marching.Bastille Day · Victory parade · Flypast · Victory Day (Turkey)
[15]
Guard Mount - 3rd US Reenactors
The first detail will be positioned two paces to the left of the regimental band. They will open ranks, fix bayonets and stand at shoulder arms. Any ...
[16]
[PDF] CHAPTER 6 GUARD MOUNTING - GlobalSecurity.org
The officer of the day can authorize the reliefs to be divided into small groups, placing each group under a noncommissioned officer for posting, have guards ...
[17]
Chapter 10 Guards, sentries and escorts - Canada.ca
May 7, 2024 · A guard is a body of troops concerned with the physical security of property or the security and honour of a dignitary.
[18]
The Ceremony in detail - Changing the Guard - Official site
This symbolic gesture represents the transfer of responsibility for the Palace's security. Officers of both the Old Guard and New Guard salute the Senior ...
[19]
Staying vigilant - guard duty in the Roman army - Academia.edu
One of the most common tasks for the Roman soldier was guard duty, not only during daylight hours, but also at night. Officers were entitled to their own ...
[20]
Life of Roman Soldiers - Early European History And Religion
Roman Military Guard Duty ... “The guards for the night are thus disposed. One entire company is always stationed around the consular tent. The tents of the ...
[21]
Gustavus Adolphus: Lion of the North - Warfare History Network
King Gustavus Adolphus, “The Lion of the North,” was a quick learner and master reformer of the military, both on and off the battlefield.Missing: guard mounting
[22]
General Orders, 22 September 1776 - Founders Online
There is a shameful deficiency of Officers at Guard-Mounting and other duty—The Brigade Majors are to put in Arrest, any officer, who being warned, does not ...
[23]
General Orders, 18 June 1780 - Founders Online - National Archives
A Return of the Killed wounded and missing since the 6th Instant to be delivered in tomorrow morning at Guard mounting. ... Revolutionary War Series, vol.
[24]
Bands and Music - Changing the Guard - The Household Division
The State Ceremonial Musicians can be routinely seen performing music for the Changing of the Guard ceremony at all the Royal Palaces and Castles.Missing: Victorian | Show results with:Victorian
[25]
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier - Arlington National Cemetery
On November 11, 1921, the Unknown was placed on a horse-drawn caisson and carried in a procession through Washington, D.C. and across the Potomac River. A state ...Apollo 1 Monument · Civil War Unknowns · Space Shuttle Challenger · USS Maine
[26]
Changing the Guard Ceremonies Worldwide
Changing the Guard Ceremonies Worldwide · Arlington, USA · Ottawa Canada · Prague, Czech · Santaigo, Chile · Copenhagen, Denmark · Athens Greece · New Delhi, India.
[27]
[PDF] GUARD DUTY - Army Writer
Jan 13, 2017 · FORMATION OF THE GUARD. Note. Formation of the guard during formal guard mounting follows the same procedures as inspection only. 5-13. If an ...
[28]
A change of Army Uniforms in London signals changing times for UK
Oct 28, 2022 · The iconic Summer uniforms of the British Army's ceremonial troops will switch back to 'Winter Order' in perfect synchronicity.
[29]
Society of the Honor Guard | Weapons
The Tomb Guard uses rifles (M1903, M1 Garand, M14), bayonets (M1905, M1942, M6), and pistols (1911 .45 ACP, M-9 Beretta, SIG Sauer P320 M17).
[30]
[PDF] TC 1-19.50 The Army Drum Major
Sep 20, 2023Missing: mounting | Show results with:mounting
[31]
[PDF] Bugle Calls the Schedule
10:00. Assembly of Trumpeters; Dress This was the first call for "Guard Mount," or the changing of. Guard Mounting the 24-hour guard detail. Page 2. 10:05.
[32]
Household Cavalry Life Guards' Sword | Military Swords | Pooley Sword
### Summary of Household Cavalry Life Guards' Sword
[33]
The Manual Exercise, as Ordered by His Majesty in 1764
The 1764 drill was the manual of arms used by the Continental Army until 1778 and used by the British Army throughout the conflict.Missing: mounting | Show results with:mounting
[34]
Grenadier Guards - The Guards - The Household Division - Official site
The history of the Grenadier Guards stretches back over 360 years since 1656 when a Royal Regiment of Guards was formed by King Charles II at Bruges in Flanders ...
[35]
Frequently Asked Questions - Changing-Guard.com
The King's Guard at Buckingham Palace consists of 3 officers and 40 men, when the Sovereign is in residence, otherwise it will comprise of 3 officers and 31 men ...
[36]
Guard at Windsor Castle - Ceremonial Events - Official site
The ceremony usually takes place at 11:00am within the Castle grounds. Currently, the Changing the Guard will be on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, weather ...
[37]
King's Life Guard - Ceremonial Events - The Household Division
Horse Guards is named after the troops who have mounted The King's Life Guard here since the Restoration of King Charles II in 1660. Every day, whatever the ...
[38]
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Centennial | The United States Army
The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is Arlington National Cemetery's most iconic memorial. The neoclassical, white marble sarcophagus stands atop a hill overlooking ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[39]
3d U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard)
Soldiers dressed in dark ceremonial uniforms (dark coats with gold buttons, dark wheel hats. Contact TOG. If you have any questions about The Old Guard ...COL Thomas Kilbride · 1/3 Battalion · 4/3 Battalion
[40]
Ceremonies - Arlington National Cemetery
Just before Memorial Day weekend, the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (the "Old Guard") honors America's fallen heroes by placing American flags at gravesites for ...Wreath Layings · Memorial Observances · Request a Ceremony · Flags In
[41]
Arlington National Cemetery > Explore > Changing of the Guard
### Summary of the Changing of the Guard Ceremony at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
[42]
Ceremonial Guard - Canada.ca
From July 1st to August 20th, the Ceremonial Guard will conduct the parade daily at 10:00 AM on Parliament Hill. The full parade will take place on Wednesdays, ...
[43]
The Canadian Grenadier Guards - Canada.ca
The Canadian Grenadier Guards originated in Montreal, Quebec on 17 November 1859, when the 'First Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles of Canada' was authorized ...Lineage · Operational History · Footnotes
[44]
Changing of the Guard | Ottawa Tourism
Starting August 8, the Ceremonial Guard Band will perform a free daily concert from 10:00 to 10:30 a.m. on Parliament Hill. Please note, there will no longer be ...
[45]
Manual of Drill and Ceremonial | Chapter 1 Introduction - Canada.ca
Jul 11, 2025 · Words of command for parades above unit level should be given in bilingual format, for example, foot drill in English and weapons drill in ...
[46]
Dress instructions | Section 7 Accoutrements - Canada.ca
Jul 8, 2025 · The red poppy is an emblem of the RCL and is used to commemorate Canadians who died in battle. CAF members shall wear the poppy on all uniforms ...Missing: bilingual | Show results with:bilingual
[47]
Ceremonial Guard of the Canadian Armed Forces Invite RCMP to ...
“The Ceremonial Guard is proud to share the role of honouring our fallen with the RCMP . Our partnership continues to strengthen as we work side by side both in ...Missing: involvement | Show results with:involvement
[48]
The Change of Guard Ceremony | Welcome to RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN - The Office and Residence of the President of India
### Summary of Change of Guard Ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan
[49]
Change of Guard Visitor Booking - Visit Rashtrapati Bhavan
The Change of Guard Ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan will not be carried out on 01 Nov 2025 and 08 Nov 2025 from 0800 h to 0900 h.Missing: mounting | Show results with:mounting
[50]
Change of Guard at Rashtrapati Bhavan to be more public-friendly
Dec 8, 2012 · While the PBG is permanently stationed at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, the army guard battalion is rotated every three years. The 28th battalion of ...
[51]
Change of guard ceremony now in new format: Rashtrapati Bhavan
Feb 16, 2025 · The new format includes military drills by troops and horses of the President's Bodyguard, along with personnel from the Ceremonial Guard ...<|separator|>
[52]
PLA takes over flag-raising duty at Tian'anmen Square on New ...
Jan 1, 2018 · From the end of 1977, soldiers from the PLA Beijing Garrison started to raise and lower the national flag at the square on a daily basis until ...
[53]
PLA takes over flag-raising duty at Tian'anmen Square on New ...
Jan 1, 2018 · Around 7:31 am, a group of 96 honor guards, headed by a flag holder and two escort guards, marched out from the central gate of the Tian'anmen ...
[54]
PLA takes over flag-raising duty at Tian'anmen Square on New ...
Jan 1, 2018 · The procession was led by three officers clad in the Army, Navy and Air Force uniforms. Each of the three drew a sword upon walking past the ...
[55]
Tiananmen Square Flag Raising: July - December, Beijing
The timetable of National Flag Raising and Lowering Ceremonies, which is the must-see on Tiananmen Square, from July to December 2025 is presented.
[56]
Mao Memorial and Changing of the Guard at Tiananmen Square
Aug 7, 2020 · Mao Memorial and Changing of the Guard at Tiananmen Square | Beijing. 643 ... Amazing China in 1917 in color [AI enhanced and colorized].
[57]
PLA takes over flag-raising duty at Tian'anmen Square on New ...
Jan 1, 2018 · The responsibility for guarding China's national flag and firing salute cannons at the Tian'anmen Square was transferred to the Chinese People's Liberation ...
[58]
Changing of the Guard - Swedish Armed Forces - Försvarsmakten
The Changing of the Guard ceremony – including a military marching band and parade – is held every day from April 23 to August 31.
[59]
Changing of the guard in Athens, Greece - Greeka
The Changing of the Guard in Athens takes place every hour by the military unit whose members stand proudly in perfect stillness in front of the Parliament.
[60]
Athens Changing of the Guard: History, schedule, videos
At the Parliament building, Evzones stand guard in one-hour shifts, three times within every 48-hour period. During each hour, they remain perfectly still.
[61]
Changing of the guard - Kongehuset
At Amalienborg, there is a changing of the guard daily. There are three types of guard: King's Guard, Lieutenant's Guard and Palace Guard.
[62]
Typical Danish: The Royal Guards (Den Kongelige Livgarde)
Jul 30, 2014 · The Royal Guard, or “Den Kongelige Livgarde” in Danish, looks back on a rich history. The guard was founded in 1658 by King Frederik III.
[63]
The Changing of the Guard Lima — How to visit? Schedules
The Changing of the Guard is a military ceremony that dates back to colonial times. During this display, the energetic and perfectly synchronised movements of ...Missing: Casa | Show results with:Casa
[64]
A hands-on job - Korea JoongAng Daily
Jan 5, 2003 · In June 1979, a young soldier demonstrated a new martial art for President Park Chung Hee at the Blue House. After carefully observing the ...Missing: mounting | Show results with:mounting