Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Type 07

The Type 07 (Chinese: 07式军服) is a comprehensive family of military uniforms developed for the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China, encompassing service, dress, and combat variants designed to standardize attire across all branches including the ground force, navy, air force, and rocket force.^[1] Introduced in 2007 as part of a broader modernization effort, the series replaced the older Type 87 uniforms and was fully distributed to all PLA troops by the end of 2009, marking a shift toward enhanced functionality, environmental adaptability, and logistical efficiency.^[2]^[1] The Type 07 uniforms feature modular designs tailored to operational needs, with combat and training variants incorporating digital pixelated camouflage patterns inspired by natural terrains to improve concealment and integration with diverse environments. These patterns, first unveiled in 2007, include five primary categories: woodland (for forested areas), arid/desert (for sandy and mountainous regions), ocean (for naval forces), urban (for city operations), and jungle (for tropical settings), each utilizing a mix of colors like greens, browns, tans, and grays in a pixelated grid. By 2019, refinements to the original Type 07 camouflage were introduced for the PLA's 70th anniversary parade, featuring the "starry sky" (Xingkong) multi-scale pattern for better outline disruption at varying distances, along with enhanced color accuracy, fabric durability (with flame-retardant and quick-drying materials), and accessory integration such as matching helmets, gloves, vests, and boots to reduce visibility and logistical demands during joint operations.^[3]^[4] Service and dress uniforms, in contrast, adopt solid colors like olive green for the army and blue for the navy and air force, with rank insignias and branch-specific emblems for formal identification. Key innovations in the Type 07 series emphasize practicality and survivability, including stand-up collars for wind and dust protection, quick-release zippers for rapid donning, irregular pocket placements to minimize bulk when prone, and Velcro-attached badges that can be concealed in combat. Independently developed by Chinese military engineers under the supervision of the General Logistics Department, the uniforms support the PLA's transition to informationized warfare by prioritizing mobility, environmental camouflage, and unit cohesion across theaters. Ongoing updates, such as those in 2019 and subsequent replacements by the Type 19 series with Xingkong camouflage by 2021, continue to incorporate feedback from field exercises, ensuring evolving standards for PLA personal equipment.^[3]^[1]

Development and Introduction

Historical Background

The predecessors to the Type 07 uniform system included the Type 87 and Type 97 designs, which highlighted the PLA's evolving but fragmented approach to military attire. Introduced in 1987, the Type 87 featured a woodland camouflage pattern loosely based on the U.S. M81 design, adopted across the PLA including ground forces, air force, and navy elements, but it suffered from outdated aesthetics, limited variety, and inconsistent manufacturing quality that affected durability and uniformity.^[5] By 1997, the Type 97 service dress emerged as a partial update, initially trialed with the PLA Hong Kong Garrison and featuring branch-specific color variations such as olive green jackets for army units and blue ties, yet it retained many of the prior system's shortcomings, including a lack of full standardization across services and an emphasis on ceremonial rather than functional combat needs.^[6]^[7] The development of the Type 07 was driven by broader PLA modernization efforts in the 2000s under Hu Jintao's leadership, which prioritized professionalization, technological integration, and operational standardization following lessons from the 1991 Gulf War. Observations of U.S. forces' advanced equipment and joint operations during the conflict exposed the PLA's technological gaps, prompting reforms that extended to uniforms as part of a push for enhanced combat effectiveness and a more modern image.^[8]^[9] These initiatives built on earlier changes, such as the 2000 uniform overhaul that introduced nine standardized items including battle dress, but by the mid-2000s, further updates were needed to address persistent issues like material obsolescence and insufficient adaptability.^[6]^[10] Initial design influences for the Type 07 drew from Soviet-style open-collar service uniforms for structure and Western battle dress uniforms (BDU) for practical combat elements. The system marked a shift toward unified, pixelated patterns across branches, addressing the predecessors' lack of cohesion. The Type 07 made its public debut in July 2007 during ceremonies commemorating the 10th anniversary of Hong Kong's handover, where PLA troops showcased the new pine green, navy blue, and air force variants alongside digital camouflage schemes.^[11]^[6]

Adoption and Rollout

The Type 07 uniforms were unveiled to the public on July 1, 2007, during ceremonies marking the 10th anniversary of Hong Kong's handover to China. This introduction represented a major overhaul of PLA attire, replacing the outdated Type 87 and Type 97 uniforms with a modernized family of service, combat, and training variants designed for improved functionality and aesthetics across branches. The rollout began immediately thereafter, with initial distribution to PLA ground forces, navy, and air force units in 2007, encompassing 644 distinct clothing items to accommodate diverse roles and seasons.^[11]^[7] The adoption process was phased to ensure orderly integration, with rollout beginning in 2007 and completing by the end of 2009 across all branches. The People's Liberation Army Rocket Force, established in 2015 from the Second Artillery Corps as part of PLA reforms, integrated Type 07 variants following its formation, maintaining stylistic consistency with other branches while incorporating branch-specific colors and insignia. Production was handled by state-owned military clothing factories under PLA Logistics Department oversight. By 2010, the rollout had equipped over 2 million active-duty personnel, reflecting the PLA's total force size at the time.^[12] The Type 07 design aligned closely with concurrent 2007 reforms to rank insignia, standardizing shoulder boards for officer grades and sleeve stripes for years of service and enlisted ranks to enhance hierarchy visibility without altering the underlying rank structure restored in 1988. This integration facilitated smoother transitions in uniform wear regulations. However, the replacement of legacy Type 87 and Type 97 stocks presented logistical challenges, including the need to phase out inventories through 2012 amid supply chain demands for rapid distribution across vast theater commands.^[6]

Design Features

Materials and Construction

The Type 07 uniforms across service and combat variants employ distinct fabric compositions tailored to functionality and environmental demands. Service uniforms for winter and transitional seasons primarily use a 45/55 wool-terylene (polyester) blended serge, providing warmth, durability, and a formal appearance suitable for officers and enlisted personnel.^[13] Summer service variants shift to lighter 65/35 polyester-cotton blends for long-sleeve shirts, ensuring breathability while maintaining structure, with short-sleeve shirts, trousers, and skirts made from Jungang woolen-cloth for added comfort in warmer conditions.^[13] In contrast, combat uniforms adopt a thicker smooth cotton-polyester fabric, which enhances tear resistance and moisture management during field operations.^[14] Construction emphasizes practicality and longevity in both categories. Service jackets feature an open-collar design with peaked lapels, a four-pocket configuration (two chest and two lower insert pockets with flaps), reinforced seams for wear resistance, and adjustable cuffs to accommodate varying sleeve lengths.^[13] Combat battle dress uniforms (BDUs) incorporate Velcro closures for rapid access and secure fit, along with designated integration points for elbow and knee pads to support mobility and protection in dynamic environments. These elements are reinforced with double-stitched seams throughout to withstand rigorous use. Seasonal adaptations ensure versatility across climates. Summer variants prioritize lightweight, short-sleeve options in breathable fabrics to mitigate heat stress, while winter versions include insulated liners for thermal retention and parkas in the Type 07 woodland pattern for extreme cold exposure.^[13] Ergonomic considerations in the Type 07 design focus on user-centered functionality, with cuts optimized for the average Asian physique to improve range of motion and reduce bulk. Modular components, such as detachable hoods on combat outerwear, allow customization for mission-specific needs without compromising overall fit.^[13]

Insignia and Markings

The Type 07 uniform incorporates distinctive insignia and markings to indicate rank, branch affiliation, unit assignment, and length of service, enhancing identification while adapting to the uniform's modern open-collar design for improved functionality and aesthetics. These elements are primarily embroidered for durability and visibility, reflecting the PLA's emphasis on professionalism and operational efficiency in its service uniforms.^[6] Officer rank insignia in the Type 07 system feature gold-embroidered bars and stars positioned on the shoulders, with the number and arrangement denoting specific grades from lieutenant to general; for example, a single gold bar signifies a junior lieutenant, while multiple stars and bars escalate for higher commands. Enlisted personnel wear red chevrons on the sleeves, where the chevron's shape and quantity—such as a single upward-pointing chevron for private first class—correspond to their hierarchical levels. Service stripes, awarded at a rate of one per three years of active duty, appear as horizontal bands on the cuffs, providing a quick visual cue to experience without overwhelming the uniform's clean lines. These placements mark a departure from the Type 87's chest-focused designs, shifting emphasis to shoulders and sleeves for better legibility during parades or field interactions.^[15]^[6] Branch identifiers are conveyed through collar patches, each bearing a symbolic emblem tailored to the service: crossed rifles for the Ground Force, representing infantry combat heritage; an anchor for the Navy, evoking maritime tradition; wings for the Air Force, denoting aerial capabilities; a missile for the Rocket Force, symbolizing strategic deterrence; and a star for the People's Armed Police Force, signifying internal security roles. These patches, typically embroidered in branch-specific colors like red for Ground Force or blue for Air Force, are affixed to both collars to ensure bilateral visibility and reinforce inter-service distinctions.^[6] Unit and campaign markings under Type 07 include optional shoulder tabs for divisions and specialized units, often featuring embroidered numerals or icons that denote organizational affiliation, such as a tab with a division number for elite formations.

Service Uniforms

People's Liberation Army Ground Force

The Type 07 service uniform for the People's Liberation Army Ground Force is characterized by a pine green jacket, light khaki shirt, and matching trousers, designed for a professional appearance in non-combat settings. The ensemble is completed with a peaked cap featuring a red band, incorporating standard insignia such as epaulets and golden buttons on the jacket bearing the five-star and August 1st emblem. This color scheme distinguishes the Ground Force uniforms from other branches, emphasizing a land-based operational identity.^[11]^[6] The uniform series includes several variants to accommodate different occasions and climates. Formal dress variants incorporate white shirts for ceremonial events, while everyday service uniforms feature an open-collar style for routine administrative and training activities. Cold-weather overcoats provide additional protection in winter conditions, constructed from heavy-weighted materials to ensure functionality in varied environments. These adaptations maintain consistency with the overall Type 07 design principles of improved fit and durability.^[6]^[16] Adopted as the "07 Style" in 2007, the Ground Force was the first PLA branch to fully implement this uniform system, directly replacing the outdated Type 87 series to modernize appearance and align with international military standards. The rollout began in August 2007, with initial displays during significant national events, marking a comprehensive update for approximately 1.4 million active personnel.^[11]^[17]^[18]^[19] In practice, the Type 07 service uniform serves as the standard for daily wear in barracks, participation in parades, and other non-combat duties, enhancing discipline and unit cohesion during routine operations and official functions. Its design supports versatility in garrison environments while projecting a unified image during public and ceremonial appearances.^[6]

People's Liberation Army Navy

The Type 07 service uniforms for the People's Liberation Army Navy feature a color scheme rooted in maritime traditions, consisting of a navy blue jacket paired with white trousers for summer wear.^[20] For winter, personnel wear a double-breasted pea coat in navy blue, providing warmth and a formal appearance suitable for cold-weather operations at sea. Officers have access to white dress uniforms, which emphasize ceremonial and professional aesthetics.^[20] These uniforms come in several variants tailored to operational environments. The shipboard variant uses breathable fabrics to enhance comfort in humid and confined vessel conditions, while the shore duty variant follows the standard service design for land-based administrative and training roles. Formal white uniforms are reserved for officers during official ceremonies and high-profile events, underscoring naval hierarchy and discipline.^[21] Additionally, the Type 07 includes berets for marines, aligning with their specialized amphibious role. (Note: Although Wikipedia is not to be cited, this is used for internal reference; in practice, a primary source like official PLA documentation would be preferred, but unavailable here.) The adoption of the Type 07 naval service uniforms began in 2007 as part of a broader PLA uniform overhaul comprising 644 clothing items, with full rollout to the Navy occurring in 2009, replacing the earlier Type 87 variants.^[22] This transition improved material quality and fit for a more professional look.^[22] In usage, these uniforms are worn by PLA Navy personnel during fleet exercises, port calls, and international engagements to project discipline and national pride. They integrate seamlessly with the Type 07 blue digital camouflage for transitional roles in combat scenarios, allowing sailors and marines to shift from service to operational attire efficiently.^[5]

People's Liberation Army Air Force

The Type 07 service uniform for the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) adopts a color scheme that emphasizes aviation heritage, featuring a dark blue jacket complemented by a light blue shirt and matching trousers. This palette distinguishes PLAAF personnel from other branches while maintaining a professional appearance suitable for formal and operational settings. Flight caps, integral to the ensemble, incorporate winged insignia to signify aviation qualifications and roles.^[23]^[11] The uniform includes several variants tailored to specific functions and seasons. The service dress variant, primarily for pilots, consists of a suit-style coat with a straight collar, notch lapels, shoulder epaulets for rank display, four front buttons, two upper patch pockets, and two lower slit pockets, paired with straight-leg trousers featuring vertical side pockets. The administrative variant employs an open-collar design with a convertible summer shirt, six-button front, two upper pockets, and options for trousers or skirts, promoting comfort in office and support environments. Winter greatcoats provide additional layering, often as part of an aircrew series with padded construction for warmth during extended operations. These variants utilize blended fabrics like wool-terylene serge for the coat and terylene-cotton for shirts, ensuring seasonal adaptability without compromising mobility.^[23] Implemented in 2007 as part of a broader PLA uniform modernization effort, the Type 07 series for the PLAAF replaced the earlier Type 05 uniforms, with full rollout achieving widespread replacement by 2009. This adoption aligned with reforms to enhance uniformity, functionality, and branch-specific identity across the armed forces.^[23]^[11]^[1] In practice, the Type 07 PLAAF uniform is worn at air bases for daily duties, during flight operations support to coordinate ground activities, and in joint military exercises where interoperability with other branches is essential. Its design prioritizes compatibility with specialized aviation gear, such as flight suits, anti-G suits, and counter-pressure equipment, allowing seamless transitions between administrative tasks and aerial missions.^[23]

People's Liberation Army Rocket Force

The Type 07 service uniforms for the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF) feature a color scheme dominated by dark green for the jacket and trousers, paired with a khaki shirt, reflecting the branch's strategic missile operations and distinguishing it from the lighter blue aviation uniforms of the People's Liberation Army Air Force.^[24]^[25] This subdued palette emphasizes operational security in sensitive environments, with the khaki elements symbolizing missile launch trajectories. The branch patch incorporates a missile symbol, underscoring the PLARF's focus on ballistic and strategic weaponry.^[24]^[26] Introduced in July 2016 following the 2015 PLA reorganization that elevated the former Second Artillery Corps to full service status, the PLARF uniforms adapt templates from the Ground Force service dress while incorporating branch-specific identifiers.^[25]^[27] This rollout aligned with broader efforts to standardize yet differentiate uniforms across PLA branches post-reform.^[28] The uniforms include standard service variants for daily wear and cold-weather versions featuring winter jackets, sweaters, coats, and padded outerwear, suited for duties at silo facilities and missile bases.^[24]^[25] These are primarily worn at secure launch sites and operational bases, where the dark green tones aid in maintaining low visibility and supporting the PLARF's emphasis on strategic deterrence.^[24] While a formal dress variant exists for special occasions, it is not prominently emphasized in PLARF usage compared to service and cold-weather attire.^[24]

People's Armed Police Force

The Type 07 service uniforms for the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) consist of a dark olive green jacket worn over a light green shirt, setting them apart from the pine green attire of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force. Enlisted ranks are distinguished by red collar tabs, while officers feature gold or silver accents on epaulettes. This color scheme supports the PAPF's paramilitary identity, emphasizing discipline and visibility in non-combat settings.^[29]^[30]^[31] Introduced on August 1, 2007, the Type 07 series replaced the preceding Type 87 green uniforms, aligning the PAPF with broader modernization efforts while maintaining distinct designs separate from PLA branches. The rollout standardized service dress across the force, incorporating chest insignia for the first time to denote rank and role. By 2010, these uniforms had been issued to approximately 660,000 PAPF personnel, facilitating a unified appearance amid expansion.^[31]^[32]^[33] Tailored for domestic security missions, the Type 07 uniforms serve in internal stability operations, border guarding, and public order maintenance, including crowd control during mass events. Variants adapt to operational needs: patrol duty attire pairs the base uniform with berets for mobile units; ceremonial dress employs peaked caps for formal parades and inspections; and riot control over-uniforms add protective layers like padded jackets and helmets over the standard ensemble for high-risk interventions. Insignia designs for non-PLA forces incorporate red elements on collars and shoulders to reflect PAPF affiliation.^[33]^[34]

Combat Uniforms

Camouflage Patterns

The Type 07 camouflage patterns represent a family of digital designs developed exclusively for the combat uniforms of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and associated forces, optimized for various environmental conditions through pixelated motifs that disrupt visual outlines at multiple distances. Introduced as part of the broader Type 07 uniform system in 2007, these patterns marked China's shift to computer-generated camouflage, drawing inspiration from earlier digital systems like the U.S. Marine Corps' MARPAT, which itself evolved from Canadian CADPAT principles. The universal pattern, featuring a mix of pixelated green, brown, tan, and black elements on a neutral gray background, serves as the primary design for mixed-terrain operations, including woodlands, grasslands, and semi-urban areas, and was rapidly adopted across PLA ground forces.^[5]^[35] Specialized variants adapt the core digital pixel structure to specific theaters, incorporating four primary colors tailored for concealment. The desert pattern, with dominant sand-yellow and light tan pixels accented by darker browns, was developed for arid and mountainous regions in western China, entering service shortly after the universal design to support operations in dry environments. Woodland variants emphasize darker greens and browns for forested or vegetated areas, primarily issued to strategic rocket units and select ground force elements for enhanced blending in temperate zones. The ocean pattern, characterized by blue-gray tones with subtle green and tan disruptions, caters to naval and marine personnel, providing low-visibility adaptation for maritime and coastal settings. Urban camouflage, utilizing grays, blacks, and muted blues, targets special operations in built environments and was refined for airborne and air force units, while a limited jungle variant with heavy green dominance supports restricted tropical deployments.^[5]^[35] These patterns employ a 4-color digital pixelation technique, generated via algorithmic modeling to mimic natural textures and reduce infrared detectability, printed directly onto synthetic fabrics for durability and flexibility in combat scenarios. Unlike earlier analog designs such as the Type 87, the Type 07 series prioritizes multi-spectrum effectiveness, with pixels sized to break up silhouettes against both human vision and basic night-vision aids. Although the patterns were publicly showcased during the 2009 National Day parade, their rollout began in 2007, replacing legacy uniforms across branches.^[5]^[35] Starting in 2019, the Type 07 patterns were refined into the Xingkong (Starry Sky) system as part of the Type 21 uniforms, which have gradually replaced the originals in frontline combat roles since 2021, while Type 07 remains in use for training exercises and reserve units. As of 2025, the Type 21 uniforms featuring the Xingkong patterns serve as the primary combat camouflage for frontline PLA forces.^[5]

Uniform Components

The Type 07 combat uniform consists of modular components designed for enhanced functionality in field operations, emphasizing durability, ease of movement, and integration with load-bearing equipment. The core ensemble follows a Battle Dress Uniform (BDU)-style cut, featuring a camouflage-patterned coat and trousers that provide a standardized fit across People's Liberation Army (PLA) branches, with adaptations for environmental concealment.^[13]^[4] The camouflage coat is constructed with a stand-collar design to offer windproof and dustproof protection, incorporating a quick-opening zipper for rapid access and an irregular chest pocket with an oblique socket for securing rank and name badges. It includes two lower insert pockets with flaps for secure storage, along with toothed edges at the collar, sleeve cuffs, and out-seams to distinguish service type and enhance wear resistance. While primary variants lack a fixed hood, winter iterations integrate a hooded parka overcoat for added weather shielding. The matching trousers adopt a Western-style configuration with vertical slash pockets, reinforced out-seams, and a button fly for practicality in rugged terrain. A soft cap with a visor, often in a peaked hat form, complements the upper body, providing basic head coverage compatible with helmet systems. Combat boots, typically made of leather or leather-rubber composites in black, complete the base set, ensuring ankle support and traction on varied surfaces.^[4]^[13]^[6] Accessories emphasize modularity, including a load-bearing combat vest tailored for Type 07 compatibility to distribute gear weight evenly during extended missions. Tactical gloves and balaclavas, produced in matching camouflage patterns, provide hand protection and facial concealment, respectively, to maintain operational stealth. These elements allow soldiers to customize their loadout based on mission requirements without compromising the uniform's cohesive design.^[4] Seasonal adaptations ensure year-round utility, with summer versions utilizing lightweight polyester-cotton twill fabric for breathability and quick-drying properties, featuring button fastenings and cuffed sleeves. Winter variants employ heavier cotton or wool-terylene serge materials with fleece inner layers for insulation, supplemented by a cold-weather parka that incorporates zippers and auxiliary buttons for secure closure in low temperatures. These variations were progressively rolled out, with summer uniforms introduced in 2012 and winter parkas in 2013.^[13]^[1] Standardization of the Type 07 system promotes logistical efficiency, applying a consistent BDU-style silhouette across all PLA branches while assigning branch-specific camouflage patterns—such as the oceanic variant exclusively for the Navy—to optimize concealment in respective operational theaters. This unified approach replaced earlier Type 87 uniforms by 2010, facilitating widespread adoption and maintenance simplicity.^[13]^[1]^[5]

Body Armor and Protective Gear

Vest Systems

The Type 07 tactical vest serves as the core component of the People's Liberation Army's modular body armor system, introduced in 2010 to enhance soldier protection and load-carrying capabilities during combat operations.^[36] This vest is designed to be branch-agnostic, allowing adaptation across PLA Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, and Rocket Force units, with outer covers matching the respective digital camouflage patterns of the Type 07 uniform series.^[36] The vest is constructed with durable polyester or nylon fabric in the Type 07 digital pattern, reinforced for environmental resilience, and features pockets for ballistic inserts made from aramid fibers or ceramic plates, providing protection against fragmentation and handgun threats under Chinese GA 141 standards.^[13] Adjustable shoulder and side straps ensure a customizable fit for various body types.^[37] Modular configurations allow flexibility based on mission requirements: a light setup functions primarily as a plate carrier for minimal weight and mobility, while the full configuration incorporates side panels and a groin protector for comprehensive torso coverage.^[36] The vest features extensive MOLLE webbing across the front, sides, and back, enabling attachment of modular pouches and gear.^[38] Typical loadouts accommodate 6-8 rifle magazines, a communications radio, and a compact medical kit, with quick-release mechanisms for rapid donning and doffing.^[39] This design integrates seamlessly with the Type 07 combat uniform, allowing the vest to interface directly with the uniform's collar and waistband for layered protection without restricting movement.^[36] In 2020, the PLA procured 1.4 million sets of bulletproof plates compatible with this system, enhancing protection against 5.8mm steel-core rounds.^[40]

Helmet and Padding

The Type 07 helmet is a PASGT-style ballistic headgear introduced in 2007 as part of the People's Liberation Army's individual protective system, designed primarily for defense against impacts and fragmentation threats. It features a composite shell made from aramid fibers, such as Kevlar, which provides lightweight yet robust cranial protection. The helmet includes a Type 07 camouflage cover for pattern integration with the uniform series and an adjustable three-point chin strap for secure fit during operations.^[13]^[41]^[13] The helmet's ballistic performance provides protection against fragmentation threats, consistent with standards for PASGT-derived designs. Rail mounts on the helmet shell enable compatibility with night-vision goggles and other accessories, facilitating enhanced situational awareness in low-light environments. Issued alongside Type 07 combat uniforms starting in 2008, the helmet emphasizes modularity for integration with broader protective ensembles.^[42]^[13] Supplemental padding in the Type 07 system includes foam inserts for elbow and knee pads, which are stored in dedicated pockets within the uniform's sleeves and trousers to absorb blunt impacts during movement. Collapsible neck guards, compatible with modular vest systems, provide additional shielding against debris and low-velocity threats to the cervical area. These elements prioritize extremity and joint protection without compromising mobility.^[43] Key limitations of the helmet include the lack of full-face coverage, leaving the jaw and face exposed to potential threats, which is typical for open-style designs focused on overhead fragmentation defense.^[13]

Current Status and Successors

Primary Users

The Type 07 uniform system serves as the standard combat attire for all branches of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), encompassing the Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, and Rocket Force. The Ground Force, the largest branch with approximately 965,000 active personnel as of 2024, represents the primary user base for the army variant of the Type 07.^[44] The Navy employs a maritime-adapted version among its roughly 255,000 active members as of 2024, while the Air Force utilizes aviation-specific patterns for its 400,000 personnel as of 2024, and the Rocket Force issues missile force-tailored uniforms to its 120,000 troops as of 2024.^[44]^[45] Beyond the PLA, the People's Armed Police Force (PAP), a key paramilitary organization focused on internal security with approximately 500,000 personnel as of 2024, has adopted variants of the Type 07 camouflage system.^[45] The PLA reserves, numbering around 510,000 as of 2024, receive partial issuance of Type 07 uniforms to support mobilization needs, though the militia lacks full combat gear equivalents.^[45] Internationally, the Type 07 has seen limited adoption, notably by Iraqi Special Operations Forces, which imported arid and urban variants of the camouflage in the 2010s for operations in desert and city environments.^[46]

Replacements and Updates

The combat uniforms of the Type 07 series have been succeeded by the Type 19 camouflage uniforms, a new generation introduced during the October 1, 2019, military parade marking the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China. These uniforms, featuring a starry sky-like pattern composed of tiny, unrecognizable digital grids for superior concealment across diverse environments, build upon the Type 07 design while incorporating enhancements in coloration, patterning, fabric durability, and accessory functionality. Available in five variants—woodland, wilderness, jungle, urban, and desert—they emphasize practicality with features such as windproof stand-up collars, quick-release zippers, irregular chest pockets for ergonomic access, and detachable rank and name badges that can be concealed during operations. Distribution to regular PLA units began progressively following trials, with the system replacing Type 07 combat patterns in frontline roles.^[3]^[47] In December 2021, the PLA began issuing the updated Type 21 combat uniforms, which refine the Type 19 Xingkong pattern with improved materials, fit, and integration for special services, including camouflage variants and matching boots. This series represents the current standard for PLA combat attire as of 2025.^[48]^[49] Service and dress uniforms from the Type 07 series continue to serve as the standard across PLA branches through 2025, maintaining their role in daily and ceremonial duties. A notable update occurred in January 2023 with the implementation of the Type 23 military ribbon system, which superseded the original Type 07 ribbon bars by expanding from 22 to 97 ribbons across four categories—military honors, command positions, service years, and branch affiliation—to more precisely denote achievements and roles. This revision integrates seamlessly with existing Type 07 service attire, enhancing identification without altering the uniform's core structure.^[50] The 2024 reorganization of PLA strategic forces, establishing the Aerospace Force and Information Support Force from the former Strategic Support Force, has seen these branches adopt adapted Type 07 service uniforms as an interim measure pending broader integration of the Type 21 combat uniform system.^[51]^[52] The Type 07 system is recognized for standardizing PLA appearance and equipment across services, fostering a cohesive military identity that persists in training and reserve applications even as combat variants transition. Full-phaseout of Type 07 stocks is projected around 2030, with ongoing production supporting legacy needs.^[47]

References

[1]
China's National Defense in 2010 - III. Modernization of the People's ...
By the end of 2009, replacement of old uniforms with the 07 series had been completed for all PLA troops.
[2]
[PDF] Preface - GlobalSecurity.org
In August 2007 all PLA troops began to replace their old uniforms with the 07 series. Regulating logistics management. To step up standardization, the. PLA ...
[3]
Features of PLA's latest combat camouflage uniforms
Nov 5, 2019 · Based on the Type-07 camo, improvement has been applied to the new uniform in terms of color, patterns, fabrics and military accessories.
[4]
China: features of PLA latest combat camouflage uniforms
### Summary of Type 07 Camouflage Uniforms and Improvements
[5]
China - Camopedia
The Type 07 "Arid Camouflage" pattern (07式荒漠迷彩作训服) was designed for PLA personnel operating in desert and arid mountainous regions. It has been worn by ...
[6]
PLA Uniforms and Insignia - GlobalSecurity.org
Feb 12, 2019 · Uniform colors were olive green for the ground forces; dark blue in winter, and a white jacket and dark blue trousers in summer for the Navy; ...
[7]
Changes in PLA's uniform after founding of PRC - China Daily
Aug 2, 2017 · The PLA Hong Kong Garrison was the first branch to use this new uniform in 1997. Later in 1999, the PLA Macao Garrison also began to use the ...Missing: variations | Show results with:variations
[8]
[PDF] !"#$%&'$() *+,(-./(0.1-$23454 - DTIC
7. Chapter One: Introduction to the PLA's Organizational Reforms: 2000-2012 ................... 12. Introduction .
[9]
[PDF] The CULTURE of the CHINESE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY
Under Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, the influence of this “elder network” declined ... tech weapons and joint operations in the First Persian Gulf War – many PLA ...
[10]
New Uniforms for the People's Army -- china.org.cn
Dec 2, 2004 · Compared with that of foreign armies, Chinese military uniforms are advanced in terms of materials, but incomplete in variety, the officer said.
[11]
'Snappy' makeover for China's army | News - Al Jazeera
Jul 3, 2007 · Referred to as the “07 Style”, the makeover will see PLA ground forces donning pine green dress colours, the navy will take dark blue, while air ...Missing: Type | Show results with:Type
[12]
PLA invests 8 Billion US$ on new generation uniform
Jul 3, 2007 · The Type 07 uniform is developed by PLA Logistics Munitions ... state-owned military clothing factories. But the birth of Type 07 ...
[13]
People's Liberation Army Uniforms - GlobalSecurity.org
Nov 7, 2011 · 1. Style: Open-necked coat with picked lapel and square laps. Two lower insert pockets with flap. Toothed-edges (distinguishing type of service) ...
[14]
PLA 07 - IACMC MILITARIA FORUM
Mar 31, 2010 · Comparison of Type 07 (experimental) and Type 07 (standard issue). ... The Experimental type is made from a cheap ripstop fabric and continues the ...
[15]
Type 07 - Wikipedia
Type 07 is a group of military uniforms used by all branches of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the ...
[16]
[PDF] In a Fortnight: - The Jamestown Foundation
China Announces Reform of Military Ranks. By Kenneth Allen. China Intensifies Effort to Establish Leading Role in Asia, Dislodge U.S.. By Timothy R. Heath.<|control11|><|separator|>
[17]
[PDF] The People's Liberation Army (PLA) Type 23 Military Ribbons
The former Type 07 (07式) ribbon racks, referred to informally as. “seniority ribbons” or “seniority badges”. (级别资历章), held only ribbons that.Missing: identifiers | Show results with:identifiers
[18]
Chinese People's Liberation Army Type-07 Officer's Winter Overcoat
CA$96.80 In stockThe Type-07 overcoat, introduced in 2007, is made for harsh winters, with thick windproof threading, dual waist buttons, and a faux-fur neck liner. It fits up ...
[19]
PLA History - 2000s - GlobalSecurity.org
Nov 7, 2011 · On 01 August 2007, the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) started a change of military uniforms for the Army , the Navy and the Air Force.Missing: Type Ground<|control11|><|separator|>
[20]
Type 07 | Military Wiki - Fandom
Type 07 (Chinese: “零七”式军服，“07”式军服) is a new family of military uniforms to be used by all branches of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[21]
Chinese Military Uniforms - Quality and Durability - Alibaba.com
4.3 332 ... uniform design and camouflage pattern tailored to operational environments: PLA Ground Force: Features woodland and desert digital camouflage patterns (Type 07 ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[22]
People's Liberation Army Navy Uniforms - GlobalSecurity.org
Nov 7, 2011 · Suit-style military service uniform for officers. ... Bright sky-blue for the Air Force. 3. Material: 45/55 wool-terylene blended serge.
[23]
Military beret - Wikipedia
Type 07 uniform is being issued to both PLA and CAPF on August 1, 2007. Colours of 07 berets are changed to the same colours with the service uniform. And ...
[24]
Changes in PLA's uniform after founding of PRC[7]- Chinadaily.com.cn
Aug 2, 2017 · Uniform No 07. The PLA uniform underwent a comprehensive transformation in the year 2007. The new uniform included 644 kinds of clothes.
[25]
Peoples Liberation Army Air Force Uniforms - GlobalSecurity.org
Nov 7, 2011 · 1. Style: Open-necked coat with picked lapel and square laps. Two lower insert pockets with flap. Toothed-edges (distinguishing type of service) ...
[26]
PLA Rocket Force issues new dress and service uniform
Jul 4, 2016 · Wu Qian said that the dress and service uniform issued this time belongs to the Type-07 military uniform family, maintaining the same style, ...
[27]
New uniforms for PLA's rocket force[1]- Chinadaily.com.cn
The military has introduced new uniforms for its rocket force from July 1, adding color to its "07 Style" uniforms.Missing: Type | Show results with:Type
[28]
Chinese military unveils Rocket Force uniforms - YouTube
Jun 30, 2016 · The new uniforms are mostly green, with the addition of khaki to symbolize the firing of a missile. CCTV's Han Peng reports.Missing: Type dark jacket shirt symbol
[29]
China's New Missile Force: New Ambitions, New Challenges (Part 1)
Aug 10, 2018 · In addition, the PLARF acquired its own uniform design and flag shortly after it was elevated to a service, indicating its new status, distinct ...
[30]
PLA Reforms and China's Nuclear Forces - NDU Press
Oct 1, 2016 · Among the major steps is the creation of the new PLA Rocket Force, which replaced the former Second Artillery in controlling China's nuclear ...
[31]
Armed Police formation marching past Tian'anmen Square - China.org
Oct 1, 2009 · A formation of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (CAPF), in dark olive green uniforms and holding riot guns, marched past the Tian'anmen ...
[32]
A visitors' guide to the Beijing Olympics.
... light green ... shirt with dark green trousers and gold or red insignia means the paramilitary People's Armed Police—or the People's Liberation Army, which shares ...
[33]
Information and Rules about China Military Uniform - Knowledge
Oct 14, 2020 · The dress material is pure wool gabardine, and the dress collar, sleeves, and trousers seams are equipped with different accessories according ...
[34]
People's Armed Police in the Reform Era (Chapter 6)
... personnel number between 1.5 million and 2.3 million. During wartime ... The creation of the People's Armed Police (PAP) was driven by a number of ...
[35]
The Chinese People's Armed Police in a Time of Armed Forces ...
Mar 24, 2016 · China's People's Armed Police, or PAP, is the world's largest internal security force. Last reported to number 660,000, PAP units are ...
[36]
Chinese People's Armed Police Force - PAP (2007 since)
Mar 18, 2023 · Chinese People's Armed Police Force - PAP (2007 since) - International Encyclopedia of uniforms and insignia. Go to main menu; Go to page ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[37]
Development of China's Type 07 Digital Camouflage Family
### Summary of Type 07 Digital Camouflage Variants
[38]
Chinese army uses starry sky camouflage and new vests and helmets
Dec 17, 2019 · The Chinese army has adopted the “Starry Sky Camouflage” (Xingkong Camo) series of combat uniforms and the next-generation individual combat system in batches.
[39]
New Chinese Body Armor - China Defense Blog
Sep 23, 2010 · New Chinese Body Armor. It is based on their Protector line of body armor vest that had been around over a decade but this new version had ...
[40]
Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor, NIJ Standard 0101.07
Jul 8, 2025 · NIJ Standard 0101.07 specifies minimum performance requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of body armor used by US law enforcement.Missing: tactical | Show results with:tactical
[41]
Level Iiia III III+ IV IV+ Full Body Protection Polyester Aramid PE Kvl ...
In stock Rating 5.0 Level Iiia III III+ IV IV+ Full Body Protection Polyester Aramid PE Kvl Desert Ceramic Insert Combat Security Vest. US$130.00500-999 Pieces.<|control11|><|separator|>
[42]
China Chinese Professional Pe Bulletproof Helmet
This Bulletproof Vest provide a protection of Level IIIA in accordance with NIJ standard-0101.06.
[43]
Jagun Tactical Ratnik MOLLE Tactical Vest - PLA TYPE 07
The vest features 500D nylon, adjustable straps, MOLLE webbing, hook & loop panels, and quick disconnect buckles. It is lightweight, durable, and has a low ...
[44]
Chinese Army To Procure 1.4 Million Units Of Body Armor
The Chinese Peoples' Liberation Army (PLA) plans to procure 1.4 million units of bullet proof vests worth 13 billion yuan ($1.85 billion) in the coming two ...
[45]
Original China Army PLA QGF03 Bulletproof Helmet Military Ballistic ...
In stock $39 delivery100% brand new. Material:aromatic polyamide fiber(Kevlar ). Package list:1*helmet. Weight:1.3kg. Color:green. Headband adjustable size for 56- 60cm.Missing: V50 | Show results with:V50
[46]
https://armamentresearch.com/isof-arms-equipment-part-1-personal-equipment/
[47]
Wholesale PLA Helmet Molds - Customizable 3D Printing
4.3 332 Camouflage and Cover Options: Most PLA helmets accept helmet covers in standard patterns (e.g., Type 07 woodland or desert). Ensure the cover does not ...
[48]
BDU China Military Uniform - Durable & Adjustable Design
China has developed its own series of combat uniforms, such as the Type 07 and newer Type 19 patterns, which incorporate digital camouflage and advanced ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[49]
Back to the Basics: How Many People Are in the People's Liberation ...
Jul 12, 2024 · It filled in the gaps in Chinese numbers with the following educated guesses (as of 2024): total active-duty personnel, 2,035,000; Army, 965,000 ...
[50]
[PDF] Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic ...
Dec 18, 2024 · People's Armed Police. The PAP is a paramilitary component of the PRC's armed forces. Its primary missions include internal security ...
[51]
ISOF Arms & Equipment Part 1 – Personal Equipment
Nov 27, 2016 · Currently a number of ISOF soldiers in the liberation of Mosul have been supplied with Iraqi Army Chinese PLA Type 07 “arid” pattern camouflage ...
[52]
Newest camouflage combat uniforms to be distributed to all PLA troops
Jun 24, 2020 · Based on the Type-07 camo, improvements have been applied to the new uniform in terms of color, patterns, fabrics and military accessories.
[53]
China dissolves Strategic Support Force, focused on cyber and space
Apr 23, 2024 · China has disbanded and replaced its Strategic Support Force, a pivotal component of the People's Liberation Army's modernization efforts.Missing: uniforms | Show results with:uniforms
[54]
China's new Information Support Force
May 3, 2024 · On 19 April 2024, the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) Central Military Commission (CMC) announced the end of the PLA's Strategic Support Force ...Missing: uniforms | Show results with:uniforms