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RPG Group

The RPG Group is an multinational conglomerate headquartered in , founded in 1979 by industrialist Rama Prasad Goenka, with a diversified portfolio across infrastructure, mobility (including tyres), , pharmaceuticals, energy solutions, plantations, and emerging sectors such as carbon credits and AI-powered services, generating a turnover exceeding US$5.2 billion and operating in over 135 countries across . The group's origins trace back to the early 19th century, when Ramdutt Goenka began trading with the British East India Company in Kolkata, later expanding into banking, textiles, jute, and tea plantations before Dr. Goenka formalized the modern RPG structure in 1979, transforming it into one of India's fastest-growing business entities focused on high-growth economic sectors. Under the leadership of Chairman Harsh Goenka and Vice Chairman Anant Goenka, the RPG Group emphasizes values of trust, technology, governance, and a people-first culture, with key subsidiaries including KEC International for power transmission infrastructure, CEAT for tyres (which achieved a 25-fold market capitalization increase and the Deming Grand Prize in 2023), Zensar Technologies for IT services, RPG Life Sciences for pharmaceuticals, Raychem RPG for energy products, and Harrisons Malayalam for plantations, alongside innovative ventures like Asvata for carbon offsetting.

History

Founding and early development

The roots of the RPG Group trace back to 1820, when Ramdutt Goenka migrated from Dundlod in to (then Calcutta) and established a trading , initially serving as a banker and agent for houses, including the . This venture laid the foundation for the family's commercial activities in the bustling port city, focusing on commodities and partnerships that capitalized on colonial trade networks. By the mid-19th century, the Goenka family expanded into manufacturing, with Ramdutt Goenka and his son Ramkissendas forming a and company that diversified into banking, textiles, and other sectors. This evolution continued into the , as the family navigated the shift from trading to industrial production; key entries included the establishment of Phillips Carbon Black in 1960 as a with Petroleum Company (USA) under Keshav Prasad Goenka, the acquisition of Asian Cables in 1966 (originally incorporated in 1959), and involvement in mills such as Agarpara Jute, which had been operational since 1928. These moves positioned the family in core sectors like for rubber products, cables for electrical infrastructure, and for packaging, reflecting a strategic pivot toward import substitution in post-colonial . In 1979, Rama Prasad Goenka (RPG), the eldest son of Keshav Prasad Goenka, formally established RPG Enterprises as a diversified , incorporating Carbon Black, Asian Cables, , and (a firm) with a combined turnover of approximately Rs 100 . This consolidation followed the partition of the family's assets among RPG and his brothers, allowing RPG to build on inherited businesses while emphasizing aggressive growth through takeovers and modernization. Post-independence presented significant challenges for the Goenka businesses, particularly in the regulated sector, where government controls on raw materials, labor unrest, and the 1980 Jute Companies (Nationalisation) —which took over management of several loss-making mills—impacted profitability and operations. To counter these pressures, adopted strategies of diversification beyond into resilient areas like and cables, while investing in technology upgrades to improve efficiency amid hints in the late . This approach helped sustain the group's viability during a period of industrial turbulence.

Expansion and diversification

The RPG Group's expansion in the 1980s marked a strategic shift toward inorganic growth through high-profile acquisitions, beginning with the purchase of CEAT Tyres of in 1981 from its Italian parent company. This move established a strong foothold in the automotive sector, with CEAT becoming a flagship entity producing radial and bias-ply tires for passenger cars, two-wheelers, and commercial vehicles. The acquisition was followed by the purchase of in 1982, a key player in manufacturing transmission towers and providing services for power infrastructure projects. In 1983, the group further diversified into pharmaceuticals by acquiring Searle India, later rebranded as , which focused on developing and manufacturing active pharmaceutical ingredients and formulations. These early acquisitions not only broadened the group's portfolio but also leveraged synergies in manufacturing and distribution networks. Building on this momentum, the RPG Group entered the plantations sector in 1988 with the acquisition of Limited, one of India's largest and rubber companies, spanning over 20,000 hectares in and . This added agricultural commodities like , rubber, and spices to the group's operations, enhancing revenue streams through exports and domestic sales. By the late 1980s, the group ventured into and specialty cables, acquiring (formerly International Computers Indian Manufacture, or ICIM) and forming a for RPG in 1989. provided software services and IT solutions, marking the group's entry into the burgeoning tech sector, while RPG specialized in heat-shrinkable cables, joints, and terminations for power and , introducing advanced technologies to . Through these targeted expansions, the RPG Group transformed from a jute and engineering-focused entity into a diversified by the early , encompassing over 15 companies across , tyres, IT, pharmaceuticals, and plantations. This period of aggressive diversification drove substantial growth, with the group's combined turnover reaching several billion rupees annually, supported by operational efficiencies and in key segments.

2011 demerger with RPSG Group

In 2011, RPG Enterprises underwent a significant through a that divided the conglomerate between brothers and , primarily driven by their father Rama Prasad Goenka's insistence on to prevent potential family conflicts similar to those seen in other prominent families. This move aimed to enable more focused management of the diverse portfolio, as the brothers had already been informally overseeing separate clusters of companies from and respectively. The process was announced on July 14, 2011, marking the formal launch of the RP-Sanjiv Goenka (RPSG) Group under Sanjiv Goenka's chairmanship, while retained control of the original Enterprises. It involved untangling cross-holdings, such as Sanjiv's 12.5% stake in CEAT, and reallocating shares in family investment entities to ensure clear ownership separation. Certain assets, like those in Ltd., were vertically split into strategic business units for , rubber, and other plantations, with shared functions like and retained temporarily; this aspect was finalized in December 2011. Similarly, Spencer International Hotels Ltd. saw a restructured board for equal management control between the brothers. The overall divestiture reduced Enterprises' pre-split scale—encompassing over 20 companies with combined sales of Rs 13,313 and market capitalization of Rs 9,150 in 2010—to a more concentrated structure. Under the allocation, RPG Enterprises retained key businesses including CEAT (tyres), (infrastructure), (information technology), and (pharmaceuticals), alongside minor interests like Spencer's Travel. In contrast, RPSG Group took over CESC (power), Philips (carbon black manufacturing), and Music World (), Saregama India (), Noida Power Company, CESC Properties, Cafe, and integrated operations, forming a with approximately Rs 9,000 in revenue. This legal and financial separation, executed without major regulatory hurdles due to the operational independence of the entities, emphasized equitable share reallocations to align ownership with management responsibilities. The streamlined RPG Enterprises into a focused centered on core sectors like tyres, , and IT, eliminating diversification into and to enhance strategic agility and decision-making. Post-split, RPG's market capitalization grew to Rs 4,478 within 3.5 years, reflecting improved operational focus despite mixed results across retained companies.

Recent growth and initiatives

Following the 2011 demerger, RPG Group focused on scaling its core businesses in tyres, , and , achieving a consolidated turnover exceeding US$5.2 billion by 2025 through strategic s and operational efficiencies. In 2012, the group launched RPG Ventures, a dedicated arm to explore emerging opportunities in and , marking a shift toward diversified growth while maintaining a technology-driven model. The group pursued global expansions to strengthen its international footprint, with CEAT establishing new manufacturing facilities in through a US$171 million in off-highway and track plants in 2025, alongside the acquisition of Michelin's brand and plants to bolster its position in construction tyres. Similarly, KEC International secured international orders worth Rs. 1,373 crore in 2023 across the and , including and projects, contributing to its diversification into semiconductors, data centres, and civil infrastructure globally. RPG Group emphasized (ESG) principles, fostering a people-first culture and inclusive leadership under Chairman , who promoted trust-based values and employee well-being through initiatives like the "Hello Happiness" series and AI-powered talent platforms. In (CSR), the RPG Foundation prioritized and healthcare, supporting programs, projects, and women empowerment to drive sustainable societal impact. For environmental sustainability, the group committed to planting one million trees by 2030 as part of the 1t.org initiative to offset carbon emissions and restore ecosystems, alongside broader goals to reduce carbon footprints by 50% by 2030. Looking ahead, RPG Group outlined plans to double its by 2028-2030 through in adjacent sectors, aiming to elevate its global presence in and tyres while drawing inspiration from quality-focused conglomerates.

Leadership and governance

Key executives and family involvement

Harsh Goenka has served as Chairman of RPG Enterprises since 1990, succeeding his father, , the group's founder. With a background in economics and business administration, Goenka earned a in Economics from , and an MBA from IMD Business School in , which informed his early career in finance and management at CEAT before ascending to group leadership. He is also deeply engaged in , serving as a of the RPG Foundation, which supports , healthcare, and initiatives across . Anant Goenka, Harsh's son and a third-generation leader, was appointed Vice Chairman of RPG Enterprises in October 2023, in addition to his roles as Vice Chairman of CEAT and . Overseeing group strategy and expansions, Anant has driven initiatives such as aggressive scaling across tyres, infrastructure, and IT sectors, including plans announced in November 2024 to double in 3-5 years through global forays and new adjacencies, and further growth targets for 2025 focusing on key verticals. In October 2025, he was elected as President-elect of FICCI for 2025-26. His leadership emphasizes innovation and sustainability, building on over two decades of experience in operations and transformation. At the group level, oversight is provided by executives like Pramod Menon, Group CFO, who manages financial strategy across 's portfolio. In June 2025, Udayan Dutta was appointed as President, Group HR. Company-specific leaders include Arnab Banerjee, Managing Director and CEO of CEAT, focusing on tyre manufacturing growth, and Vimal Kejriwal, Managing Director and CEO of , handling infrastructure projects. Following the 2011 demerger that separated RPG Enterprises from the RPSG Group led by Harsh's brother , Harsh has fostered family-centric dynamics centered on the motto "Hello Happiness," prioritizing employee well-being and work-life balance to drive sustainable growth. Succession planning at RPG Enterprises integrates family involvement with , exemplified by Anant's elevation to ensure seamless transition. The group employs digitized tools for identifying and grooming successors, supporting business continuity amid its diversified operations. Additionally, RPG emphasizes board through inclusive policies, promoting in gender, expertise, and backgrounds to enhance , as highlighted in its commitment to a culture of .

Corporate structure and board

RPG Enterprises Limited functions as the apex holding company of the RPG Group, incorporated on 5 February 1988 and headquartered in Mumbai, India. The company provides strategic oversight for the group's diversified operations without direct ownership in every subsidiary, emphasizing a decentralized structure that allows sector-specific autonomy while maintaining centralized control on key decisions. This setup supports the group's focus on core sectors including infrastructure, tyres, information technology, pharmaceuticals, plantations, and energy solutions through subsidiaries such as KEC International, CEAT Limited, Zensar Technologies, RPG Life Sciences, Harrisons Malayalam, and Raychem RPG. Following the 2011 demerger with the RPSG Group, RPG Enterprises streamlined its organizational hierarchy to concentrate on 5-7 core entities, reducing complexity and enhancing focus on high-growth areas. This evolution has positioned the group as a more agile, technology-driven conglomerate with improved governance and operational efficiency. The board of directors at RPG Enterprises comprises a balanced mix of family members, independent directors, and industry experts to guide strategic direction. Harsh Goenka serves as Chairman, with Anant Goenka as Vice Chairman, alongside professionals such as Pramod Menon (Group CFO), Rajat Bhargava (CEO of the Speciality Sector), Vimal Kejriwal (MD & CEO of KEC International), and Arnab Banerjee (MD & CEO of CEAT Limited). This composition ensures diverse expertise in finance, IT, and sector operations. RPG Enterprises upholds robust governance practices in line with Securities and Exchange Board of (SEBI) regulations, including the formation of committees, nomination and committees, and relationship committees across its listed subsidiaries. frameworks are integrated group-wide to address operational, financial, and compliance risks, promoting transparency and ethical standards.

Business sectors

Tyres

CEAT Limited, the flagship company of the RPG Group's tyres sector, traces its origins to 1924 when it was founded in Turin, Italy, as a manufacturer of electrical cables and allied products. The company entered the Indian market in 1958 through a collaboration with the Tata Group, establishing Ceat Tyres of India Ltd., and was acquired by the RPG Group in 1981, after which it was rechristened CEAT Limited. Under RPG's stewardship, CEAT has grown into one of India's leading tyre manufacturers, specializing in radial tyres for various vehicle segments and achieving an annual production exceeding 48 million units. CEAT's product portfolio encompasses a wide array of radial and bias tyres tailored for passenger cars, two-wheelers, trucks, buses, light commercial vehicles, tractors, and off-road applications, including earthmovers and mining equipment. The company has pioneered innovations such as EV-compatible tyres like the EnergyDrive series, designed specifically for electric vehicles with low and enhanced durability, and dual-compatible tyres suitable for both electric and vehicles. Additionally, CEAT has introduced smart tyre technologies, including the patented CALM (CEAT Acoustic Lowering Material) for noise reduction and run-flat capabilities, addressing urban mobility challenges and vehicle safety. On the international front, CEAT maintains operations through subsidiaries and joint ventures, including CEAT Kelani in —established as a in 1999—and CEAT AKKHAN in , founded in 2012 to serve South Asian markets. These entities support local manufacturing and distribution, while CEAT exports its products to over 110 countries across regions such as the , , , and . This global footprint underscores CEAT's strategy to leverage regional demand for high-performance tyres in emerging markets. CEAT operates six state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities in , located in (), , Halol (), , Ambernath (), and , with a combined installed capacity surpassing 48 million s annually. These plants emphasize radial production, particularly for and bus radials (TBR) and radials (PCR), contributing significantly to the RPG Group's overall exceeding $5.2 billion in FY25, with CEAT's at approximately $1.57 billion. In Q2 FY26 (ended September 2025), CEAT reported consolidated of ₹3,773 , up 14.2% year-on-year. The facilities incorporate advanced and 4.0 technologies to enhance and . In the market, CEAT holds a significant position as one of the top four tyre producers, competing closely with MRF and in key segments (as of 2024). The company emphasizes , incorporating recycled materials into its tyre production—such as in its 2025 launch of India's first road-ready sustainable car tyres—and achieving the world's first Lighthouse Certification for energy-efficient manufacturing in 2022. These efforts align with global standards, reducing environmental impact while maintaining performance leadership in radial innovations.

Infrastructure

The infrastructure arm of RPG Group primarily operates through Limited, a global (EPC) company specializing in and distribution, railways, civil works, renewables, and related sectors. Acquired by the RPG Group in , KEC has evolved into a key player with a manufacturing footprint across , the UAE, , and , enabling end-to-end solutions for complex projects. Its operations span over 110 countries across six continents, supported by 39 branches and more than 7,500 employees from over 40 nationalities. KEC's core expertise lies in designing, , supplying, and erecting high-voltage lines up to 1,200 , substations, and civil , including over 2,616 km of lines executed in FY25 alone. The company has commissioned approximately 1,600 circuit kilometers of lines in and 1,030 km internationally across five African countries during the same period, contributing to robust grid enhancements worldwide. In FY25, KEC secured orders worth ₹24,689 , reflecting strong demand in and , with a diversified exceeding ₹33,000 as of March 31, 2025. In 2017, KEC expanded its capabilities in the Americas through the acquisition of SAE Towers Holdings LLC for approximately $95 million, integrating it as a wholly owned subsidiary focused on steel lattice tower manufacturing. Headquartered in the United States with production facilities in Mexico (Monterrey) and Brazil (Belo Horizonte), SAE Towers is one of the largest producers of towers for high-voltage transmission, boasting an annual capacity of 123,200 metric tons and serving clients across the US, Latin America, and beyond. This acquisition strengthened KEC's supply chain for tower components, supporting EPC projects in challenging terrains. KEC emphasizes , particularly in evacuation and urban mobility. Notable projects include the 625 MWp solar photovoltaic installation at Bhadla, , for NTPC, set for completion in Q2 FY26, and over 1 GW of solar capacity executed globally to integrate clean into grids. In metro rail development, KEC has delivered elevated viaducts totaling over 28 km for Phase IV and projects, incorporating advanced for sustainable urban transport. These initiatives align with global shifts toward low-carbon , with renewables contributing ₹853 to FY25 revenue. The segment generated ₹21,847 in revenue for KEC in FY25, marking a 10% year-on-year increase and representing a significant portion—approximately 50%—of the Group's overall operations, driven by transmission and distribution (60% of KEC's revenue). However, post-COVID challenges, including disruptions from the Russia-Ukraine conflict, shipping risks, and commodity price volatility, have led to execution delays and increased costs, mitigated through hedging and digital tools.

Information technology

Zensar Technologies, the information technology arm of RPG Group, was integrated into the conglomerate in 1989 as part of its early diversification efforts. Headquartered in , , the company is publicly listed on the National Stock Exchange and of , employing over 10,000 professionals worldwide. It specializes in services, helping enterprises leverage technology for business growth. The company's core offerings encompass consulting, transformation and operations, and solutions, and , and cybersecurity services. Zensar places a strong emphasis on verticals such as banking, , and (BFSI), as well as , where it delivers tailored application services, experience platforms, and to enhance and . These services support end-to-end journeys, from to , enabling clients to adopt innovative technologies like AI-driven insights and secure ecosystems. Zensar maintains a robust global presence with delivery centers and offices in , the , , and over 30 locations worldwide, facilitating seamless service delivery across time zones. It serves more than 145 global clients, including companies in sectors like , healthcare, and , with notable partnerships such as and . This international footprint has driven steady revenue growth, reaching approximately $639 million in trailing twelve months as of September 2025, equivalent to over . 5,000 . In terms of innovations, Zensar focuses on experience-led , integrating human-centric design with advanced technologies like and to create scalable digital platforms. The company contributes significantly to Group's overall revenue through its IT operations, accounting for a meaningful portion of the conglomerate's diversified portfolio. Additionally, Zensar prioritizes employee development, earning recognition as a Training APEX Awards winner for its comprehensive training programs that foster skills in .

Specialty and pharmaceuticals

RPG Life Sciences, a key pillar in the RPG Group's pharmaceuticals segment, was acquired in 1983 as Searle India and has since evolved into an integrated pharmaceutical company focused on branded formulations, active pharmaceutical ingredients (), and applications. The company develops and markets products across multiple therapeutic areas, with a strong emphasis on , where it offers cardiovascular formulations such as anti-hypertensives and drugs to prevent disease recurrence, and anti-infectives, including antibiotics and anti-bacterial agents for treating infections. Its API portfolio includes high-value synthetic compounds like for cardiovascular use and Clotrimazole for anti-infective applications, serving both domestic and international markets in , , and . RPG Life Sciences maintains research-driven operations to ensure quality and affordability in its formulations, contributing to the group's diversification into healthcare solutions. Raychem RPG, established as a 50:50 joint venture between RPG Enterprises and TE Connectivity (formerly Tyco Electronics) in 1989, specializes in energy products, particularly high-voltage cable accessories and insulators for the power and energy sector. The company manufactures heat-shrinkable joints and terminations up to 245 , designed for polymeric insulated cables in harsh environmental conditions, including polluted areas, with proven long-term reliability over 40 years. Its polymeric insulators, combining fiberglass rods with silicone housings, provide mechanical strength and pollution resistance for suspension, tension, and post applications up to 110 , supporting overhead transmission and substation infrastructure. These products facilitate efficient electricity distribution and are integral to India's power grid modernization efforts. Harrisons Malayalam, acquired by the in 1988, operates as the group's arm, managing extensive and rubber plantations primarily in and . Spanning over 20,000 hectares, the estates produce approximately 20,000 tonnes of and 9,000 tonnes of rubber annually, alongside crops like , , and spices, making it India's largest integrated operation. In September 2025, Harrisons Malayalam's Arrapetta Estate won the Gold Medal at the North Tea Competition. The company emphasizes sustainable farming practices, including eco-certification and community upliftment initiatives to enhance rural livelihoods while minimizing environmental impact. Collectively, these entities represent the RPG Group's focus on specialty chemicals through pharmaceuticals and cable solutions, alongside agribusiness via plantations, forming a niche portfolio that supports diversified revenue streams outside core infrastructure and manufacturing. Operations prioritize innovation in high-value products, such as biotech-enabled formulations and advanced insulators, to meet regulatory standards and market demands. The pharmaceuticals segment faces challenges related to stringent regulatory compliance, including evolving guidelines on drug approvals and quality controls that can impact business operations and export growth. In plantations, climate variability poses risks to crop yields, prompting adaptations in sustainable practices to mitigate weather-related disruptions. Plantations also contribute to carbon offsets through reforestation and eco-friendly cultivation methods.

Ventures and investments

RPG Ventures, the venture capital arm of the RPG Group, was established in 2012 as an early-stage investor focusing on , healthcare, and sectors. Based in , it provides long-term capital and leverages the group's network to support startups, particularly in . By 2025, RPG Ventures had made over 13 investments, building a portfolio that includes companies such as Hopscotch in children's apparel (consumer), Gynoveda in women's health (healthcare), and ShieldSquare in cybersecurity (technology). These investments emphasize scalable Indian startups with potential for rapid growth, often in niche markets like elder care (Seniority) and sustainability (Sentra.World). Recent investments include Ugaoo in January 2025. Beyond RPG Ventures, the group utilizes Summit Securities Limited as a key investment vehicle for managing stakes in non-core assets. Summit Securities, a non-banking financial company affiliated with the RPG Group, maintains a diversified of listed and unlisted securities, including holdings in group entities and external opportunities like . The prioritizes synergies with RPG Group companies to enhance value, such as potential collaborations in through for tech investments. This approach enables faster scaling and integration of innovations across the group's operations. Overall, these ventures aim to deliver high returns while supporting the group's expansion post-2011 restructuring.

Financial overview

Revenue and profitability trends

Since the demerger of the RPG Group in 2011, the conglomerate's consolidated has demonstrated robust growth, expanding from approximately Rs. 10,000 in fiscal year 2012 to Rs. 42,600 in FY2025, reflecting strategic expansions in core sectors and international markets. This trajectory underscores the group's resilience and focus on high-growth areas, with annual compounded growth rates averaging around 12-15% over the period, driven by operational efficiencies and . Profitability metrics have remained stable, with EBITDA margins consistently ranging between 8% and 12% across the period, indicative of disciplined cost and scalable operations. In 2024, the group achieved a net profit exceeding Rs. 1,500 , bolstered by strong performances in and tyres segments amid favorable economic conditions. These margins highlight the group's ability to maintain earnings quality despite cyclical industry challenges, with improving from pre-2011 levels through focused capital allocation. Sector-wise, in FY2025 the revenue breakdown showed contributing approximately 54%, tyres 31%, 12%, and other sectors including pharmaceuticals and specialty businesses accounting for the remaining 3%. This diversification has mitigated risks from sector-specific , with and tyres driving the majority of due to domestic demand and export opportunities. Key trends include sustained expansion through exports, which constitute about 40% of , particularly from tyres and projects in over 100 countries. The temporarily disrupted operations in 2020-2021, leading to a dip of around 10-15%, but the group recovered strongly by 2023, achieving double-digit growth through optimizations and initiatives. Compared to the pre-split era (before the 2011 division into and RPSG groups), the current structure is leaner with reduced exposure to and , enabling sharper focus and debt reduction from peak levels of Rs. 15,000 in 2015 to under Rs. 10,000 by 2025 via asset monetization and cash flow generation. Acquisitions have occasionally boosted these figures by enhancing sector capabilities, though remains the primary driver.

Key acquisitions and divestitures

The RPG Group's portfolio has been shaped by strategic acquisitions aimed at enhancing its presence in high-growth sectors such as infrastructure, information technology, and tyres. In 2010, KEC International, a key infrastructure arm of the group, acquired SAE Towers Holdings LLC, a US-based manufacturer of steel lattice towers, for $95 million, including its subsidiaries in Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa; this move established KEC as one of the world's largest transmission tower manufacturers and expanded its global order book. That same year, Zensar Technologies, the group's IT services company, purchased Akibia, a US-based IT infrastructure management firm, for $66 million, enabling entry into the North American managed services market and adding specialized capabilities in data center operations. Also in 2010, CEAT Limited reacquired the global rights to the CEAT brand from Pirelli & C. SpA for €9 million (approximately ₹55 crore), bolstering its international branding and marketing efforts beyond India. Subsequent acquisitions further diversified and scaled operations. In 2017, , focused on power and telecom products, acquired Hivelm Industries, a manufacturer of extra-high-voltage disconnectors, to strengthen its portfolio in electrical and . More recently, in July 2024, acquired BridgeView Life Sciences LLC, a US-based provider of services for healthcare and life sciences, for an undisclosed amount, enhancing its domain expertise in regulated industries and supporting growth in services. In a landmark deal completed in September 2025, CEAT acquired Camso's off-highway tyres and tracks business from Group for $225 million in an all-cash transaction; this acquisition provides access to over 40 global original manufacturers, expands CEAT's footprint in the compact construction segment, and includes manufacturing facilities in , where CEAT plans to invest an additional $171 million for capacity enhancement. On the divestitures front, the group has periodically shed non-core or underperforming assets to streamline operations and focus on core competencies, particularly following financial challenges in the early . Shortly after its founding in 1979, RPG Enterprises divested Agarpara Jute Mills, one of its initial inherited businesses, in the early to redirect resources toward higher-growth opportunities in tyres and . In 2001, entered an agreement to sell its agrochemicals unit to an firm, allowing the company to concentrate on pharmaceuticals and amid sector-specific losses. A notable divestiture occurred in 2003, when the group sold its 79.24% stake in Cellular Services Limited, a Chennai-based venture, to Sterling Group for ₹209 , exiting the competitive sector after regulatory and operational hurdles. Murphy India, an early electronics subsidiary facing losses, was restructured and merged into CEAT in 1989 before being de-emphasized in subsequent years, though no outright sale post- split has been recorded. Since the 2011 family-led restructuring that separated businesses into the current Group under , there have been no major divestitures, with the focus shifting to organic growth and targeted buyouts. These transactions reflect a deliberate strategy to prioritize high-growth areas like and IT, as exemplified by the Towers acquisition, which provided KEC with international scale and contributed to a more than doubling of its global share by 2015. The deal, in particular, is expected to add significant scale to CEAT's off-highway segment, potentially boosting group by integrating premium product lines and OEM relationships. Overall, key acquisitions between 2018 and 2023, including expansions in IT and tyres, have driven incremental , with the group's consolidated turnover rising from approximately $3.5 billion in 2018 to over $5 billion by 2023, partly attributable to these integrations.

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