Raleigh Chopper
The Raleigh Chopper is an iconic bicycle model designed for children and young adults, produced by the Raleigh Bicycle Company of Nottingham, England, and launched in 1969 as a bold response to the declining popularity of traditional bikes amid the rise of automobiles.[1][2] Featuring a distinctive chopper-style aesthetic inspired by Harley-Davidson motorcycles and the 1969 film Easy Rider, it included high-rise "ape hanger" handlebars, an elongated vinyl "banana" seat with a sissy bar, a swept-back frame, and plastic mudguards, setting it apart from conventional cycles.[1][3] Initially conceived by Raleigh employee Alan Oakley in the late 1960s, with styling by Tom Karen of Ogle Design, and prototypes tested in 1968, the Chopper targeted the youth market and quickly became a cultural phenomenon, selling over 1.5 million units throughout the 1970s and defining a generation's sense of style and freedom.[2][4] Early models, known as the MK1 (produced from 1970 to 1972), typically featured a three-speed Sturmey-Archer hub gear system with a coaster brake, while the subsequent MK2 (1972 to 1983) introduced options like a five-speed derailleur gear system and improved braking, with special editions including hub brakes from 1976 to 1977.[2] Production occurred primarily at Raleigh's Nottingham facilities, though some units were assembled in Dublin and South Africa, contributing to its global appeal in markets like the UK, US, and beyond.[2] The Chopper's popularity waned in the 1980s with the emergence of BMX bikes, leading to the end of original production, but it achieved cult status through enthusiast clubs like the Raleigh Chopper Owners Club and appearances in media, including music videos by Supergrass and Lily Allen.[1][2] Raleigh relaunched updated versions in 2004 after a 30-year hiatus, selling out rapidly and evoking nostalgia among adults, followed by a modern revival in 2023 with contemporary features while retaining the classic design, and further limited-edition releases in 2025 featuring retro colors like Fizzy Lemon and Space Blue.[4][3][5] Today, vintage models command high collector values, often exceeding £700 at auction, underscoring its enduring legacy as a symbol of 1970s youth culture.[1]Design and Features
Core Design Elements
The Raleigh Chopper's design drew direct inspiration from the 1960s chopper motorcycle culture, including customized Harley-Davidsons featured in films like Easy Rider, as well as dragsters and elements of American custom car aesthetics, resulting in an elongated wheelbase and low-slung seating position that evoked a sense of power and speed for young riders.[1][6] This styling transformed the bicycle into a visual homage to muscle bikes, prioritizing bold appearance over traditional utility. Central to its iconic look were the high-rise "ape hanger" handlebars, constructed from tubular steel and fitted with foam grips for a secure hold, which encouraged an upright riding posture ideal for children and teenagers while emphasizing stylistic flair. The banana-shaped saddle, often covered in durable plastic or vinyl with a distinctive elongated curve, paired with a sprung seat post to provide comfort during casual cruising, further reinforcing the low, laid-back ergonomics reminiscent of motorcycle seats.[7][3] The bicycle's asymmetrical wheel setup featured a smaller 16-inch front wheel and a larger 20-inch rear wheel, enhancing stability and the chopper-like profile while supporting stunt-friendly handling. Braking was handled by a front caliper brake for controlled stopping and a rear coaster brake activated by pedaling backward, simple yet effective for youthful users. Styling details included molded plastic mudguards over the wheels, a protective chain guard, and optional accessories such as a saddle bag for storage and a battery-powered headlight for visibility, all contributing to its playful yet rugged appeal.[8][9] Color options spanned vibrant metallic flake finishes like Infra Red, Ultra Violet, Fizzy Lemon, and Quick Silver, allowing personalization that amplified its cultural cool factor.[6]Technical Specifications
The Raleigh Chopper's frame was constructed from hi-tensile steel tubing, featuring a distinctive single downward-sloping top tube that contributed to its chopper-style aesthetic and ergonomic riding position. From the Mk2 model onward, it was offered in boys' versions with a higher handlebar configuration and girls' versions with a dropped top tube for easier mounting, all built with welded joints for enhanced structural integrity. Key components like the handlebars and wheel rims received rust-resistant chrome plating to improve durability against weather exposure.[6][2] The drivetrain emphasized simplicity and reliability, with options including single-speed, the standard 3-speed, or the less common 5-speed Sturmey-Archer S5 internal hub gear system with frame-mounted console shifter.[10] This was paired with cottered cranks and a 44-tooth chainring, providing adequate power transfer for young riders on varied terrain. The dimensions included a height of 1060 mm, width of 1370 mm, and depth of 740 mm.[6]| Component | Specification |
|---|---|
| Braking System | Front: Cable-operated plastic disc caliper brake; Rear: Coaster (back-pedal) brake |
| Tires | Front: 16 x 1.75-inch with redline tread; Rear: 20 x 2.125-inch with knobby tread for added stability |
| Weight | Approximately 18-20 kg |
| Safety Features | Welded frame joints for strength; Chrome plating on handlebars, rims, and accents for corrosion resistance |