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Eighty Strand

Eighty Strand is a Grade II listed office building at 80 Strand in , , prominently situated on the north bank of the River Thames in the conservation area. Originally constructed between 1930 and 1931 as Shell Mex House to serve as the headquarters of Mex and British Petroleum, it was formally opened in 1932. The building stands 190 feet tall across 12 floors, encompassing approximately 537,000 square feet, and is renowned for its southern elevation featuring the United Kingdom's largest , measuring 7.62 meters in . Eighty Strand was designed by architect Frances Milton Cashmore of the firm Messrs. Joseph on the site of the former Hotel Cecil and , which had been demolished to accommodate the new development. As a landmark of interwar architecture, it exemplifies style with its symmetrical facade, cladding, and prominent , which originally overlooked the Thames and became an iconic element of London's skyline. The structure served as the corporate base for until the late 20th century, after which it housed various tenants, including the publishing company Pearson. In recent years, Eighty Strand underwent a comprehensive retrofit led by Studio PDP, completed in 2022, transforming it into a modern, multi-tenanted workspace emphasizing , , and . The refurbishment preserved historic elements such as exposed riveted steel columns and original staircases while introducing contemporary features, including a entrance, the double-height Glasshouse Garden courtyard with green walls and water features, upgraded mechanical systems achieving an rating of B, and amenities like cycle parking for 406 bikes, e-bike charging, and food and beverage venues. Spanning about 160,000 square feet of refurbished across four floors, the project achieving a Very Good certification and Wired Score Gold, positioning Eighty Strand as a flexible, people-focused destination in the heart of .

Location

Site history

The land parcel at 80 Strand was integral to the Strand's commercial expansion during the , a period marked by the transformation of the riverfront from a marshy, malarial shoreline into a vital commercial corridor. The construction of the between 1864 and 1870, engineered by Sir as part of London's main drainage system, reclaimed 37 acres of foreshore and created a new roadway and underground infrastructure, enabling denser development and improved access to the Thames for trade and transport. This engineering feat shifted the river's edge southward, turning former wharves and slips—previously used for loading and storage in support of nearby commercial activities—into buildable land adjacent to the embankment, while fostering the growth of luxury hospitality and retail in the vicinity. Proximate to the Savoy area, where the opened in 1889 as one of Europe's pioneering luxury establishments, the site at 80 Strand exemplified this era's shift toward grand commercial ventures. The Strand, long a thoroughfare linking the to , evolved from its historical role as a strand of palaces and mansions into a bustling hub of , restaurants, and hotels by the late , with over a dozen playhouses drawing crowds and boosting riverfront commerce. The location's direct access to the Thames via the new enhanced its appeal for businesses reliant on waterborne , including adjacent warehouses and wharves that stored goods such as spices, teas, and other imports arriving by barge. The specific parcel was redeveloped in the 1890s with the construction of the between 1890 and 1896, replacing the earlier Cecil and Salisbury Streets that had occupied the grounds of the 17th-century Salisbury House, a mansion of the family with gardens extending to the river. Built in a Wrennaissance style by architects Perry & Reed, the hotel became Europe's largest upon opening, boasting over 800 rooms and extensive facilities that catered to affluent travelers, particularly Americans in the interwar years. This development underscored the site's transition to high-end commercial use amid the broader spurred by the . In February 1930, the Hotel Cecil closed, and its demolition commenced in September of that year, achieving a record completion in just 16 weeks by December to prepare the site for redevelopment. The process cleared the bulk of the structure while preserving the ornate Strand facade, which featured shops and a grand archway, allowing for seamless integration into the subsequent project.

Surrounding area

Eighty Strand is situated on the north bank of the River Thames along the Strand in , with the postcode WC2R 0RL. The building occupies a prominent position between the iconic to the west and the Adelphi Terrace area, adjacent to Temple Pier east along the embankment. This riverside location enhances its visibility and accessibility, integrating it seamlessly into the bustling urban fabric of . The property lies in close proximity to several key landmarks and districts that define London's cultural and entertainment scene. , with its vibrant markets and shops, is just a 5-6 minute walk away, while the Strand's theater district, including venues like the , is immediately adjacent. Across the Thames, the London Eye offers a striking counterpart view from the building's south-facing aspects, approximately 10 minutes' walk via the nearby or Bridges. As part of the Conservation Area, Eighty Strand contributes to the preservation of the area's historic and architectural character, bounded by the Thames to the south and the Strand to the north. The site provides expansive views toward the , encompassing cultural hubs such as the National Theatre and the , underscoring its role in London's dynamic riverside corridor.

Architecture

Design and construction

Eighty Strand, originally known as Shell-Mex House, was commissioned in the early 1930s by the between the Transport and Trading Company and the Mexican Eagle Oil Company, collectively operating as , to serve as their new headquarters overlooking the River Thames. The project reflected the companies' expanding operations and the need for a prominent, modern office tower in , following the demolition of the previous Hotel Cecil on the site. The architectural design was led by Francis Milton Cashmore of the firm Messrs. Joseph, who incorporated influences characterized by sleek lines, sculptural elements, and a setback that stepped back from the base to reduce the building's visual bulk at street level. This approach allowed the structure to rise to 12 floors, plus a and sub-basement, achieving a total height of 58 meters while complying with height restrictions in the area. The emphasized a robust for the core structure, which supported the multi-story elevation and enabled large open floor plates suitable for corporate use. Construction commenced in 1931 and was completed the following year, utilizing cladding over the steel framework to provide durability and a prestigious aesthetic aligned with the era's monumental architecture. The resulting building offered approximately 537,000 square feet of floor space, making it one of the largest office developments in at the time and a testament to interwar engineering efficiency.

Exterior features

The exterior of Eighty Strand exemplifies architecture through its symmetrical facade, comprising 17 bays that step inwards at upper storeys, creating a sense of vertical emphasis with piers and buttresses. The ground floor features an open round-arched , while upper levels include square-headed metal-framed casement windows set within giant relieving arches, complemented by panels and decorative bronze grilles that enhance the rhythmic composition. Prominently positioned on the river-facing southern elevation is a short central tower housing four illuminated clock faces—the largest in the , each measuring 7.62 meters in diameter—manufactured by Gillett & Johnston in 1932. This elevation adopts a subtly curved form at the corner site to maximize views of the River Thames. Flanking the clock on the tower's buttresses are four large marble sculptures by W.C.H. King, symbolizing , , , and , which underscore the building's thematic ties to British enterprise. Eighty Strand received Grade II listing from in 1987, recognizing its special architectural and historic interest as a landmark office block.

Interior layout

The interior layout of Eighty Strand, originally designed as Shell-Mex House in the early , featured a functional spatial optimized for corporate office use, with public and service areas concentrated at lower levels and private workspaces above. The ground floor lobby served as the primary entry point, characterized by marble floors, bronze fittings, and geometric patterns that exemplified the building's style, providing elegant access to the core via lift lobbies. Upper levels housed executive suites offering panoramic river views, enhancing their prestige for senior staff. Typical floor plates consisted of open-plan spaces arranged around a central housing lifts, , and services, promoting efficient circulation and natural light distribution across the 12 floors. Basement levels accommodated storage and utility functions, while the roof level supported plant equipment for building operations. Art Deco interiors throughout key areas incorporated geometric patterns in fluted glass and polished plaster paneling, complemented by decorative bronze and metalwork fittings, with furnishings and paneling provided by designer Betty Joel in prominent spaces. From select upper interiors, occupants could glimpse the building's prominent exterior clock on the south facade.

History

Pre-construction era

The formation of Shell-Mex Limited in 1921 marked a significant consolidation in the British oil marketing sector, combining the operations of the Shell Marketing Company and the Anglo-Mexican Petroleum Company to handle petrol and oil sales across the United Kingdom. This entity emerged from Shell's 1919 acquisition of a controlling interest in the Mexican Eagle Petroleum Company, which provided access to established trade names and expanded distribution networks in the post-World War I era. Amid the rapid growth of the global oil industry following World War I, driven by increased demand for petroleum products in transportation and industry, Shell-Mex sought a prestigious London headquarters to reflect its expanding stature. The Strand location was selected for its central accessibility, proximity to the River Thames for logistics, and symbolic prestige in the heart of London's commercial district. In the early 1930s, discussions intensified as Shell-Mex merged its UK marketing operations with those of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in 1931, forming Shell-Mex and B.P. Limited to streamline sales amid economic pressures from the Great Depression. This joint venture, initially with Shell and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company each holding 40% ownership and the Eagle Group 20%, later saw Shell acquire the Eagle stake in 1959 to hold 60% while the Anglo-Persian (renamed British Petroleum in 1954) retained 40%, necessitated larger facilities to accommodate combined administrative functions. Planning for the new headquarters advanced in the late and early , culminating in the acquisition of the site previously occupied by the Hotel Cecil from its owners. The prominent riverside plot, once home to one of Europe's largest hotels built in the , offered ample space for a modern office structure while retaining elements of the existing façade for continuity. This strategic purchase aligned with the companies' vision for a landmark building that would symbolize the oil sector's resurgence and operational efficiency in .

Construction and opening

Construction of Shell Mex House commenced in 1930 on the site previously occupied by the Hotel Cecil, with the structure completed in 1931 after an intensive build involving over 1,000 workers across two years. The project was led by architects Messrs. , with F. Milton Cashmore serving as the principal designer, incorporating cladding and a symmetrical facade along the Thames. The building's official opening took place on 25 January 1933, marked by a ceremony officiated by Walter Runciman, President of the , and attended by key figures including Shell Chairman Lord Bearsted. Runciman highlighted the structure as a testament to enterprise and courage in British commerce amid economic challenges, while Bearsted described it as a symbol of industry’s future resilience. This event underscored the joint venture's ambition to centralize operations in a landmark headquarters. From its debut, Shell Mex House accommodated the administrative and marketing staff of , the collaborative entity formed by and the to streamline petroleum distribution. The facility featured innovative elements for the era, such as a pioneering air-conditioning system—referred to as a "mechanical breathing system"—in the , alongside extensive infrastructure including 1,486 windows and 22 miles of plumbing.

Wartime and post-war use

In September 1939, shortly after the outbreak of , Shell-Mex House at 80 Strand was requisitioned by the British government for wartime administrative purposes. It became the base for the newly established Petroleum Board, which coordinated the allocation and of oil supplies critical to the war effort, and was also occupied by the to oversee related industrial production and logistics. The building experienced minimal structural damage during the , suffering only a single bomb impact in 1940 that was quickly repaired, allowing operations to continue with little interruption. Its original office layout was adapted to accommodate military and governmental functions, including expanded administrative spaces for wartime coordination. After the war's end in 1945, Shell-Mex House was returned to Ltd in , serving once again as their headquarters to support post-war economic recovery and the resumption of commercial oil operations. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, it remained the company's central base in , with its prominent clock faces—each measuring 7.62 meters in diameter and the largest in the —establishing the building as a key visual landmark along the Thames, especially during public celebrations marking the Allied victory.

Ownership and tenant changes

Shell UK vacated the building in 1999 as part of cost-cutting measures, ending its long tenure as the headquarters since 1976. The property, then known as , was promptly sold to the New York-based Witkoff Group for approximately £180 million, marking the start of its transition to multi-tenant commercial use while retaining its name. Pearson plc emerged as the shortly thereafter, leasing nearly half the space and establishing it as its global ; by 2007, the company occupied about 58% of the 550,000 square feet. In 2002, Witkoff and its partner sold the building to the UK-based Rotch Group (controlled by the Tchenguiz brothers) for $475 million (£300 million at the time), reflecting rising demand for prime West End offices. Ownership changed hands again in 2007 when Rotch sold it to private equity firm Westbrook Partners for £494 million ($988 million), one of the largest office transactions in that year amid a booming property market. Pearson continued as the primary occupant, with the building hosting other firms in the remaining space. In 2013, German investor Gerald Conle and his family acquired the property through entities including Strandbrook Limited (a Pearson-associated company) for £610 million, valuing its riverside location and tenant stability. The building's Grade II listed status, awarded in 1987 for its architecture, has consistently enhanced its appeal and influenced sale prices by ensuring heritage protections that attract premium tenants. Recent tenant diversification includes securing 40,000 square feet for its London headquarters in 2023, alongside subtenants like Orega for serviced offices, complementing Pearson's ongoing presence. In 2024, Pearson secured four new subtenants occupying around 112,000 square feet at 80 Strand. In November 2025, construction firm Keltbray announced it would relocate its London headquarters to the building.

Modern refurbishment

Planning and execution

The refurbishment project for Eighty Strand was initiated around , as long-term tenant Pearson sublet surplus space at its , enabling a full-scale retrofit of the building. Strandbrook Limited commissioned the work as the client, appointing Studio PDP as the lead architect to oversee the design and implementation. Planning applications were submitted to in 2020, with permission granted for variations to existing conditions that year, though execution faced delays due to the , including adjustments for enhanced ventilation. The scope centered on a sensitive retrofit of the Grade II listed structure, aiming to retain its historic character while introducing contemporary flexible workspaces across four refurbished office floors totaling approximately 160,000 square feet. The project progressed in phases, with core construction and public area transformations completed by late 2022 and final fit-outs extending into 2023. Collaborations included Simon Bennett for assessments and reinforcements, alongside main contractor , with the overall budget estimated at £63 million.

Key upgrades and sustainability

The refurbishment of Eighty Strand introduced several key upgrades to enhance public access and . A prominent addition is the new entrance on the Strand, set back in the private courtyard, which provides a bright, spacious reception area with natural light and stylish lounge spaces for visitors. This improves connectivity to the bustling while preserving the building's Grade II listed heritage. Additionally, new private rooftop terraces on the ninth and tenth floors offer panoramic views of , spanning 980 square feet and 1,572 square feet respectively, creating versatile outdoor spaces for occupants. Comprehensive cycle facilities were also integrated, including 406 secure bike spaces, six points, 38 showers, 530 lockers, and a dedicated drying room, supporting sustainable commuting along the nearby cycle superhighway. Sustainability was a core focus of the refurbishment, with the project targeting a 2014 Very Good rating for the refurbished office spaces through enhanced mechanical and electrical (M&E) systems. Low-carbon efforts included upgrades to the HVAC system, featuring 4-pipe fan coil units that deliver fresh air at 11.2 liters per second per person, maintaining summer temperatures at 24°C ±2°C and winter at 20°C ±2°C for energy-efficient control. The building also achieved a targeted (EPC) rating of B and WiredScore Gold certification, underscoring its commitment to operational efficiency and digital infrastructure resilience. Modern amenities further elevate the space, fostering collaboration and well-being. The central Glasshouse Garden, a double-height extension with landscaped , water features, and a , serves as a hub and communal area for informal meetings. A café provides on-site food and beverage options with additional seating, while enhanced mobile connectivity was achieved through a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) with 137 radio nodes, ensuring reliable coverage for major network operators across the building despite its thick walls and steel structure.

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