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Sola Digital Arts

Sola Digital Arts Inc. is a computer animation studio specializing in the creation of , including , , character and mechanical design, , and storyboarding for feature films, television series, video games, and commercials. Founded in 2009 by Joseph Chou and , who serve as the company's CEO/producer and CCO/director, respectively, Sola Digital Arts quickly established itself as a premier studio for technically advanced visuals. Makiko joined in 2010 as and studio manager, contributing to the studio's operational growth. Headquartered in with additional offices in the United States, the studio employed 110 staff members as of December 2021 and operates with a capital of 10 million . Sola Digital Arts is closely affiliated with Sola Entertainment Inc., a that oversees broader , , and game projects, allowing the studio to collaborate on international co-productions. The studio's work emphasizes high-entertainment value and superior technical quality, as stated in its mission: "We produce all things digital art." Key leadership includes co-founder and CCO , who has directed notable projects such as and . Among its most prominent contributions are computer graphics and animation for feature films including Appleseed, Starship Troopers: Invasion (2012), and Space Pirate Captain Harlock (2013). More recent projects include CG work for Ultraman Season 2 (2022), Ultraman Final Season (2023), the action RPG Elden Ring (2022), and Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045 Sustainable War (2021). Through its affiliation with Sola Entertainment, Sola Digital Arts has supported high-profile anime adaptations such as Ninja Kamui (2024), Rick and Morty: The Anime (2024), The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim (2024), and Lazarus (2025).

History

Founding and early development

Sola Digital Arts Inc. was established on October 22, 2009, by Joseph Chou, a former producer at ADV Films, as an independent studio dedicated to (CGI) animation. With an initial capital of ¥10,000,000, the company focused on producing high-quality digital visuals for , films, and video games, leveraging Chou's extensive experience in international projects such as and Appleseed. The studio's founding aimed to bridge Japanese animation expertise with global entertainment demands, emphasizing technically superior CGI that could compete on international stages. From its inception, Sola Digital Arts set up its headquarters in Mitaka-shi, , a hub for that supported early operations and talent recruitment. To enhance cross-cultural partnerships, particularly with U.S.-based clients in film and gaming, the studio opened a secondary office in , enabling seamless collaboration on co-productions. This dual-location strategy was pivotal in attracting international talent and resources, allowing the company to grow steadily amid rising demand for in and media. The studio's early milestones included its first major projects, which showcased its capabilities, along with contributions to (2010). In 2012, Sola Digital Arts served as the primary production studio for the full original video animation Starship Troopers: Invasion, delivering intricate action sequences and mechanical designs that highlighted its technical prowess. This was followed in 2014 by leading the animation for the feature film , a dystopian sci-fi story where the studio handled key and character animation, solidifying its reputation for photorealistic in adaptations. These works established Sola as a go-to partner for high-stakes projects, paving the way for further expansion before its affiliation with Sola Entertainment in 2017.

Affiliation with Sola Entertainment and expansion

In 2017, Sola Digital Arts integrated as the primary division of the newly established Sola Entertainment, transitioning from an independent operation to a more collaborative production model within a broader framework focused on , film, and games. This affiliation facilitated significant employee expansion, with the studio growing to between 51 and 200 staff members by late 2019, emphasizing expertise in () to support larger-scale projects. By December 2021, the workforce had increased to 110 employees, reflecting sustained investment in talent for CGI-intensive workflows. Following the 2017 integration, Sola Digital Arts ramped up participation in prominent co-productions, including the 2019 Netflix original net animation (ONA) series , co-directed by and and co-produced with . Another key milestone was the 2020 Netflix ONA : SAC_2045, marking the franchise's first fully 3DCG adaptation and further solidifying the studio's role in high-profile streaming content. Technologically, the studio advanced its pipelines to meet demands from streaming platforms, incorporating techniques like toon shading and for seamless integration of 3D animation in narrative-driven series. These enhancements supported ongoing partnerships with for original content and for projects such as Blade Runner: Black Lotus (2021), enabling efficient production of photorealistic and stylized visuals. By 2024, the studio's global reach expanded through contributions to major films, including animation services for , a feature co-produced by Sola Entertainment and directed by . As of 2025, Sola Digital Arts continues to engage in international initiatives under Sola Entertainment, building on its post-2017 growth to handle complex for diverse multimedia formats.

Company profile

Leadership and key personnel

Sola Digital Arts is guided by a compact executive team with deep roots in animation production, emphasizing creative innovation and operational efficiency in CGI projects. Founded in 2009 by Joseph Chou, the company has maintained continuity in its leadership while expanding under the umbrella of Sola Entertainment since 2017. Joseph Chou serves as CEO and Producer, overseeing strategic partnerships and production since the studio's inception. With 21 years of experience in the industry, Chou has produced high-profile works including The Animatrix, Halo Legends, Starship Troopers: Invasion, Space Pirate Captain Harlock, Ultraman, and Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045. Multilingual in Japanese, English, and Korean, he is based in Japan and plays a pivotal role in bridging international collaborations. Shinji Aramaki holds the position of Chief Creative Officer and Director, driving the studio's artistic direction for major CGI initiatives. Born on October 2, 1960, in Fukuoka, Aramaki has directed acclaimed projects such as Appleseed, Appleseed Ex Machina, Starship Troopers: Invasion, Ultraman, and Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045. His expertise in blending narrative storytelling with advanced visual effects has been central to the studio's output. Tomisaburo Hashimoto functions as Chief Operating Officer and Producer, managing production workflows and supporting international expansions. Joining Sola Digital Arts in 2015, Hashimoto brings prior experience from titles like Macross Zero and Aquarion, and has contributed to recent productions including Ultraman and Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045. Makiko Nagano acts as Chief Financial Officer and Studio Manager, responsible for financial operations and capital management. Having joined in 2010, she managed production aspects of Halo Legends and continues to oversee the studio's fiscal and logistical framework. Following the formation of Sola Entertainment in 2017—with Joseph Chou as its CEO—the leadership at Sola Digital Arts integrated into the parent company's structure, adapting to a broader global vision in multimedia entertainment while retaining its core team to focus on animation excellence. The studio also relies on in-house directors and animators specializing in CGI, fostering a collaborative environment for technically sophisticated visuals.

Facilities and operations

Sola Digital Arts maintains its primary headquarters in , , specifically at Trikona 4F, 3-36-1, Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, 181-0031, which serves as the central hub for production activities. This facility supports the studio's core operations in and , leveraging 's advanced technological infrastructure to foster collaboration among international talent. The company also operates a U.S. office located at 1600 Rosecrans Avenue Bldg. 1A 2F South, 90266, which facilitates collaborations with Western markets and handles aspects of and project coordination. As of December 2021, Sola Digital Arts employed approximately 110 staff members, reflecting steady growth from earlier figures and enabling efficient handling of complex pipelines. Operations are structured around key CGI disciplines, including modeling, , , and rendering, with dedicated spaces such as a motion capture studio integrated into the headquarters to support high-fidelity visuals for , films, and games. The studio emphasizes 3DCG techniques, toon shading for stylized outputs, and technologies to achieve technically superior results, often combining these with traditional elements in a collaborative . The overall focuses on end-to-end , from pre-visualization and asset creation through to final , allowing the studio to deliver comprehensive solutions under the broader umbrella of its parent company, Sola Entertainment. This operational model prioritizes diversity and communication to manage large-scale team efforts in generating unique .

Animation works

Television series

Sola Digital Arts has primarily contributed to television anime series through its expertise in full CGI animation, often collaborating with Production I.G. on high-profile Netflix and Adult Swim projects. As the lead animation studio, the company has handled the 3D modeling, rendering, and action sequences for these series, emphasizing fluid motion and detailed environments to adapt classic franchises into modern digital formats. The studio's debut television project was Ultraman (2019), a 13-episode original net animation series streamed exclusively on Netflix worldwide starting April 1, 2019. This full CGI adaptation reimagines the classic tokusatsu series as a darker, superhero narrative following Shinjiro Hayata, who inherits the "Ultraman Factor" from his father to battle kaiju threats. Produced in collaboration with Production I.G. and directed by Shinji Aramaki and Kenji Kamiyama, Sola Digital Arts managed the challenging production of integrating live-action-inspired action with 3D animation, marking the studio's first foray into episodic TV format under a shared directorial model. The series received praise for its fluid action sequences and kaiju battles, becoming Netflix Japan's most-watched anime of 2019, though some critics noted inconsistencies in character animation early on. Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045 (2020–2022) consists of two seasons totaling 24 episodes (12 per season), premiering on Netflix on April 23, 2020, for Season 1 and May 23, 2022, for Season 2. This CGI-heavy continuation of the cyberpunk franchise follows Major Motoko Kusanagi and Section 9 as they navigate a post-World War IV world amid AI-driven conflicts. Sola Digital Arts served as the primary 3D animation studio alongside Production I.G., creating the series' first fully CGI iteration with directors Aramaki and Kamiyama; the project presented significant production challenges due to its unprecedented scale, requiring the creation of the studio's largest-ever asset library for urban environments and cybernetic designs. Reception highlighted the detailed 3D cityscapes and action choreography as strengths, despite mixed overall reviews on the narrative, with the animation earning acclaim for advancing the franchise's visual style. Blade Runner: Black Lotus (2021–2022) is a 13-episode noir-style anime series that aired on Adult Swim in the U.S. from November 13, 2021, to February 18, 2022, with international streaming on Crunchyroll. Set 10 years after the short Blade Runner: Black Out 2022, it centers on amnesiac replicant Elle navigating a dystopian Los Angeles filled with corporate intrigue and identity crises. Sola Digital Arts led the full CGI production, building on their prior work with Alcon Entertainment, under co-directors Aramaki and Kamiyama and creative producer Shinichirō Watanabe; challenges included replicating the franchise's atmospheric rain-slicked visuals in 3D while incorporating hand-painted textures for a hybrid aesthetic. The series was lauded for its moody CGI environments and visual fidelity to the Blade Runner universe, contributing to positive reception on its stylistic immersion despite criticisms of pacing. Most recently, (2024) comprises 13 episodes, broadcast on and streamed on Max starting February 11, 2024. This revenge thriller depicts a former seeking justice in rural America after his family's murder by his former clan. Produced by Sola Entertainment and animated primarily by Sola Digital Arts in collaboration with E&H Production, the series features director Sung Hoo Park and emphasizes hyper-stylized for brutal combat; production hurdles involved blending realistic human with exaggerated techniques to heighten intensity. Critics and audiences praised the intense, visceral fight scenes and innovative choreography, positioning it as a standout for action-oriented animation in 2024. Rick and Morty: The Anime (2024) is a 10-episode adaptation of the series, premiering on and Max on August 15, 2024. This sci-fi comedy follows the adventures of genius inventor and his grandson across multiverses filled with bizarre aliens and interdimensional chaos. Produced by Sola Entertainment and animated by , , and Sola Digital Arts, which handled elements for action sequences and visual effects; directed by Takashi Sano, the series blends aesthetics with the original's humor and episodic structure. It received positive reception for its fluid and faithful adaptation, with Sola Digital Arts' contributions enhancing the high-energy sci-fi visuals.

OVAs and ONAs

Sola Digital Arts has produced several original video animations (OVAs) and original net animations (ONAs), leveraging its expertise in 3D computer-generated imagery (CGI) to deliver standalone or supplementary sci-fi narratives outside of television series and theatrical films. These works often feature intricate battle sequences and futuristic environments, showcasing the studio's advancements in CGI rendering for dynamic action. The studio's first major OVA, Starship Troopers: Invasion (2012), marked a significant milestone as a full CGI adaptation of the military science fiction franchise, directed by Shinji Aramaki and produced in collaboration with Stage 6 Films. Released directly to video on August 28, 2012, with a runtime of 90 minutes, it follows Federation troopers combating an Arachnid threat aboard a hijacked spaceship, emphasizing intense space combat and alien invasions through seamless 3D modeling and particle effects for explosions and debris. Distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, the film highlighted Sola Digital Arts' capability in creating photorealistic CGI for large-scale battles, establishing the studio's reputation in the genre. Serving as a direct sequel, Starship Troopers: Red Planet (known internationally as Starship Troopers: Traitor of Mars, 2017 OVA) expanded on the techniques from its predecessor, with enhanced simulations for planetary warfare and mobile infantry maneuvers. Directed again by Aramaki, this 88-minute production premiered digitally on August 21, 2017, and on Blu-ray on September 19, 2017, depicting Johnny Rico leading recruits against on Mars amid a potential . The film's upgraded focused on detailed environmental destruction and fluid character animations, utilizing advanced for powered armor suits to heighten the tactical sci-fi action. It was distributed by , reinforcing the franchise's appeal. In the Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045 universe, Sola Digital Arts contributed to two ONA specials that extend the series' cyberpunk lore through compilation formats with added content. Jizoku Kanou Sensou (Sustainable War, 2021 ONA special), co-produced with Production I.G, compiles the first season's episodes with new scenes and re-colored footage, running 118 minutes and released exclusively on Netflix on November 12, 2021. This work delves into post-economic collapse AI threats faced by Section 9, employing 3D CGI for immersive cybernetic enhancements and urban skirmishes. Similarly, Saigo no Ningen (The Last Human, 2023 ONA special) recaps the second season with exclusive material, clocking in at approximately 108 minutes and streaming on Netflix from June 23, 2023, further exploring posthumans and sustainable warfare via refined 3DCG visuals for psychological depth and high-stakes pursuits. Both specials underscore the studio's role in blending narrative expansion with technical polish in Netflix's global distribution model. Nihon Animator Mihonichi (Japan Anima(tor)'s Exhibition, 2014 ONA) consists of short promotional animations aimed at highlighting emerging animator talent, with Sola Digital Arts handling episode 12, . This 7-minute segment, part of a collaborative online series, reimagines elements of the Evangelion universe in a post-apocalyptic setting, utilizing for dramatic destruction effects around ruined structures and silhouettes. Released episodically from October 2014 to 2016 via online platforms like the official Expo site, it served as a showcase for the studio's experimental 3D techniques in concise, high-impact formats without broader theatrical or streaming ties. Concluding the Ultraman ONA series, Ultraman Final (2023 ONA special) represents Sola Digital Arts' culmination of innovation in superhero sci-fi, co-directed by Aramaki and with . This 75-minute special, comprising three episodes, premiered on on May 11, 2023, resolving Shinjiro Hayata's arc as he confronts shifting public sentiment and inherited powers amid escalating threats. The production integrates for lifelike hero transformations and expressions, paired with advanced 3DCG for battles and city-scale destruction, delivering a visually superior finale to the franchise's run.

Films

Sola Digital Arts contributed to the full for , a 2014 theatrical post-apocalyptic action film directed by , serving as a to Masamune Shirow's exploring the origins of protagonists Deunan Knute and in a war-ravaged world. With a runtime of 93 minutes, the film emphasized Sola's expertise in 3D character modeling and dynamic action sequences, earning the Grand Prize in the Theatrical Animated Motion Picture category at the 2016 VFX-JAPAN Awards for its . It received mixed reviews, holding a 58% approval rating on based on 67 critic scores, praised for its animation quality but critiqued for a straightforward plot. The film had a in in January 2015 following a U.S. digital debut in July 2014, performing modestly at the with estimated sales exceeding $1.1 million domestically. In 2023, Sola Entertainment produced Knights of the Zodiac, a live-action hybrid adaptation of Masami Kurumada's manga directed by Tomek Bagiński, where Sola Digital Arts supported CGI elements for the mythological battles featuring zodiac-armored warriors protecting the reincarnated goddess . Running 112 minutes, the film integrated practical effects with digital enhancements for cosmic-scale combat and armor designs, highlighting Sola's role in blending live-action with anime-inspired visuals. It garnered negative reception, with a 21% score from 24 reviews citing uneven pacing and deviations from the source material, alongside an rating of 4.4/10 from over 17,000 users. Budgeted at $60 million, it grossed approximately $7 million worldwide, marking it as a box-office disappointment. Sola Digital Arts contributed 3D elements, including battle sequences and environmental effects, to : The War of the Rohirrim, a 2024 theatrical directed by , set 183 years before J.R.R. Tolkien's and focusing on King Helm Hammerhand's defense of Rohan against invading forces. Co-produced internationally with and , the 134-minute film utilized Sola Entertainment's 2D hand-drawn augmented by selective for epic warfare scenes to evoke Peter Jackson's live-action trilogy. It earned mixed critical response, with a 49% rating from 149 reviews commending its ambitious scope and voice performances but noting narrative inconsistencies, and an score of 6.3/10 from over 36,000 ratings. The production grossed $20.7 million globally against a substantial budget, underperforming at the amid competition from major releases.

Video games and cinematics

Sola Digital Arts has specialized in producing visuals and animated sequences for , blending anime-style aesthetics with to enhance depth and player immersion. Their work often involves close collaboration with game developers, focusing on cutscenes, promotional materials, and integrations that bridge techniques with gaming environments. A prominent example is their contribution to (2022), developed by . Sola Digital Arts created storyboards for key event scenes, supporting the game's dark fantasy visuals and intricate storytelling in an open-world action RPG. Directed by , these efforts helped visualize narrative moments that explore themes of shattered legacies and existential threats, released across platforms including /5, /Series X|S, and PC on February 25, 2022. Their involvement extended to credits in the Shadow of the Erdtree expansion (2024), underscoring ongoing collaboration with to maintain cohesive visual storytelling. Another notable project is Argyle Shift (2016), a mecha attraction developed for Namco's VR Zone facilities. Sola Digital Arts handled the production using 4, creating an interactive non-game experience where users pilot a futuristic robot in combat scenarios against enemy forces. Despite limited prior experience in game development, the team addressed technical challenges in real-time rendering and motion simulation to deliver immersive, anime-inspired mecha battles that emphasized pilot perspective and dynamic environmental interactions. This collaboration highlighted Sola's adaptability in integrating high-fidelity into , influencing player engagement by providing a seamless blend of narrative and interactivity.

Sola Entertainment

Company overview

Sola Entertainment is a established in 2017, specializing in the planning and development of , films, and video games. The company focuses on creating unique content for a global audience by leveraging creative talent alongside international partnerships. As the parent entity, it oversees subsidiaries including Sola Digital Arts, which it integrated in 2017 as its primary animation division, and SOLA ANIMATION Inc., founded in 2022 to expand production capacity. Headquartered in , , Sola Entertainment maintains key operations through its Tokyo office and an international presence via a U.S. office in , facilitating collaborations across borders. Joseph Chou serves as CEO, providing leadership overlap across the subsidiaries to align creative visions and streamline global distribution efforts. Since its inception as a startup, Sola Entertainment has grown into a prominent player in the industry, managing high-profile intellectual properties such as the : Knights of the Zodiac series and the : The Anime adaptation by 2025.

Notable productions

Sola Entertainment has been involved in several high-profile anime adaptations and original projects, often serving as a or in production management roles while partnering with animation studios and streaming platforms like and . These productions highlight the company's focus on global adaptations, IPs, and innovative multimedia storytelling, frequently emphasizing action, fantasy, and sci-fi elements. One of Sola Entertainment's key contributions was to the 2020 television series , an adaptation of the South Korean by SIU, where it acted as an associate producer under the Tower of God Animation Partners banner. The series follows protagonist Bam's ascent through a mysterious tower, blending mystery and supernatural battles, and was streamed globally on , marking a significant push for international accessibility. Telecom handled animation, with Japanese production by Rialto Entertainment, and the show received praise for its faithful adaptation and high production values, becoming one of 's top originals that year. In the same year, Sola Entertainment provided production management for , another original based on Yongje Park's , focusing on a high-stakes tournament infused with supernatural "borrowed powers." As associate producer, the company collaborated with for , resulting in dynamic fight choreography that propelled the series to the number one spot among Crunchyroll's 2020 originals. The 13-episode run explored themes of friendship and hidden identities, earning acclaim for its fluid action sequences and global appeal. Sola Entertainment managed production for the 2022 original net animation Shenmue: The Animation, adapting Sega's acclaimed video game franchise into a 13-episode series streamed on Adult Swim and Crunchyroll. Directed by Chikara Sakurai at Telecom Animation Film, the project featured executive producer Yu Suzuki and chronicled protagonist Ryo Hazuki's quest for revenge in 1980s Japan, emphasizing episodic storytelling with martial arts and detective elements. It was noted for bridging gaming heritage with anime narrative depth, though reception highlighted its niche appeal to franchise fans. The company produced , a 2024 Adult Swim series that reimagines the sci-fi parody in style, incorporating adventures and CGI-enhanced visuals across 10 episodes. Directed by Takashi Sano and animated by , it retained the original's irreverent humor while exploring new interdimensional escapades, with Sola Entertainment handling production alongside . The adaptation garnered positive reviews for its stylistic fusion and voice performances, including Japanese dubs by Yohei Tadano and , solidifying 's anime expansion. Sola Entertainment co-produced the 2024 anime series , an action-thriller about a former ninja seeking revenge, directed by at The Answer Studio. Streamed on and Max, the 13-episode series featured intense and supernatural elements, receiving praise for its animation and storytelling. Sola Entertainment produced the CG anime (2019-2020), a original series based on Masami Kurumada's . The two seasons followed the Saints protecting , with collaboration from , and was noted for its modern take on the classic franchise. For , Sola Entertainment is producing the upcoming 2026 television adaptation of Shu Sakuratani's , an action-comedy featuring a heroic rooster battling giant demons with unique, anthropomorphic character designs. Directed by Daisuke Suzuki at Sanzigen, the series emphasizes over-the-top fights and themes, partnering with and for distribution. As of late 2025, it has built anticipation through trailers highlighting its distinctive art style and humor. Sola Entertainment co-produced LAZARUS, a 2025 thriller directed by Shinichiro Watanabe at , set in 2052 amid a hijacked miracle drug crisis. The 13-episode series, which premiered on April 5, 2025, on Adult Swim's and April 6 on , followed an elite task force combating a global threat, blending high-octane action with philosophical undertones. Featuring action direction by , it received strong reception for its mature storytelling and visual innovation, including an Emmy nomination for its opening theme song.