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Zhubei

Zhubei (Chinese: 竹北; pinyin: Zhúběi) is a county-administered city in northwestern Taiwan, serving as the seat of Hsinchu County. With a population of 220,038 as of February 2025, it is one of Taiwan's fastest-growing urban centers, having recorded the island's highest population growth rate in recent years due to its proximity to high-tech industries and modern infrastructure.^[1]^[2]^[3] The city's rapid development is closely tied to its location adjacent to the Hsinchu Science Park, approximately 11 kilometers away, which has attracted professionals and families, fostering a boom in residential high-rises and commercial districts.^[4] The Taiwan High Speed Rail's Hsinchu Station, situated within Zhubei, enhances its connectivity to major cities like Taipei (about 35 minutes away) and further supports its role as a commuter hub for the region's semiconductor and biotechnology sectors.^[5] Covering an area of 46.83 square kilometers, Zhubei features a humid subtropical climate and lies at coordinates 24°50′17″N 121°0′28″E, bordered by mountains to the east and Hsinchu City to the west.^[6]^[7] Historically known for its bamboo groves—reflected in its name meaning "Northern Bamboo"—Zhubei has evolved from a rural township into a modern city, with significant administrative changes including the relocation of the Hsinchu County Council there in 1989.^[8]^[9] As part of Hsinchu County, where over 73% of residents are Hakka, the city embodies a blend of Hakka cultural heritage, including historic villages like the over 200-year-old Liujia Hakka settlement, and contemporary amenities such as department stores and recreational beaches nearby.^[10]^[11] This demographic and economic vibrancy positions Zhubei as a key player in Taiwan's "Silicon Valley" region, balancing tradition with innovation.

History

Japanese Colonial Period

During the Japanese colonial period, the area now known as Zhubei was initially referred to as "Angmo Field" (紅毛田), a name derived from historical associations with Dutch settlers in the 17th century, and this designation persisted into the early 20th century around the Chikuhoku Station, which was established in 1897 as Hongmao Station and renamed in 1934.^[12] In 1920, under administrative reforms by the Taiwan Governor-General, the region was incorporated into the newly formed Shinchiku Prefecture (新竹州), reflecting Japan's efforts to reorganize local governance for efficient resource extraction and control.^[13] By 1934, the name was officially changed to Chikuhoku (竹北), emphasizing its position north of Hsinchu, to promote a more neutral and modern identity.^[12] In 1941, further consolidation occurred when Kyūminato Village (舊港庄) and Rokka Village (六家庄) were merged to form Chikuhoku Village under the Shinchiku District, streamlining administration amid wartime mobilization.^[13] Agriculture dominated the local economy, with a primary focus on rice farming supported by extensive land reclamation projects initiated by Japanese authorities to expand arable land in the alluvial plains of northern Taiwan.^[14] These efforts transformed marshy and underutilized areas into productive paddy fields, boosting rice yields for export to Japan and integrating Zhubei into the colony's agrarian export economy.^[15] Infrastructure development was prioritized to facilitate agricultural output and connectivity, including the construction of initial road networks such as segments of what would become Provincial Highway 1, linking Zhubei to Hsinchu City and northern Taiwan.^[14] Complementary irrigation systems, like those drawing from the Touqian River and local reservoirs, were engineered to ensure reliable water supply for rice cultivation, marking a shift from traditional private water management to centralized colonial control.^[14] A modest influx of Japanese settlers arrived during the 1920s and 1930s, primarily as agricultural technicians and administrators, numbering in the low hundreds regionally, to oversee reclamation and farming innovations; this led to interactions with the predominant Hakka population, involving land reallocations that sometimes sparked tensions, while indigenous Pingpu groups in the vicinity experienced marginalization through displacement for development projects.^[16] Following Japan's surrender in 1945, administration of Chikuhoku Village transitioned to the Republic of China government.^[13]

Republic of China Era

Following the retrocession of Taiwan to the Republic of China in 1945, Zhubei initially continued its agricultural focus rooted in the Japanese colonial period, with post-war land reforms emphasizing farming continuity and rural administration. In 1950, it was formally established as Zhubei Township under the jurisdiction of Hsinchu County, serving as a key administrative hub in the region.^[17] Zhubei's status evolved significantly in the late 20th century amid broader administrative reforms. In 1982, following Hsinchu City's upgrade to a provincial municipality and separation from Hsinchu County, Zhubei was positioned as its satellite city, enabling coordinated urban expansion and infrastructure sharing between the urban center and surrounding areas. This role was solidified when Zhubei Township was promoted to a county-administered city on October 31, 1988, by approval of the Executive Yuan, marking its transition from a rural entity to a burgeoning urban seat of county government.^[18]^[19] The 1980s onward saw accelerated urbanization driven by Zhubei's adjacency to the Hsinchu Science Park, founded in 1980, which drew professionals and spurred residential and infrastructural demand. Population growth intensified, with an influx of 51,000 residents between 2010 and 2019 alone, transforming the area from a modest township of around 100,000 in the early 1980s to a dynamic commuter hub exceeding 230,000 by the 2020s.^[6] This demographic shift was supported by government initiatives in the 1990s and 2000s, including the designation of industrial zones to complement regional high-tech clusters and large-scale housing expansions, such as multi-hectare residential developments centered around the Zhubei railway station to house incoming workers.^[20] Ongoing urban planning efforts through 2023 have emphasized sustainable integration and connectivity, with projects like the Hsinchu County National Land Use Plan targeting completion by 2036 to balance population density and green spaces in zones linking Zhubei to nearby townships. Key initiatives include a new traffic corridor extending from Zhubei City into Hsinchu City along routes like Gongdao Fifth Road and Park Avenue, aimed at alleviating congestion and enhancing inter-city mobility, alongside developments in the Liujia HSR Station Special Zone to foster mixed-use urban functions. In 2024, expansions such as new YouBike stations in Zhubei further supported commuter infrastructure. These measures reflect Zhubei's role as a resilient satellite hub, prioritizing smart governance and environmental enhancements amid continued growth.^[21]^[22]^[23]

Geography

Location and Borders

Zhubei City is situated in the northwestern part of Taiwan within Hsinchu County, at coordinates 24°50′17″N 121°0′28″E. The city encompasses a total area of 46.83 km².^[24]^[7] It shares borders with Hsinchu City to the southwest across the Touqian River, the townships of Xinfeng and Hukou to the north, Qionglin and Xinpu townships to the east, Zhudong Township to the southeast, and the Taiwan Strait coastline along its western edge. The terrain features coastal plains along the strait, with the Touqian River traversing the area and providing a natural boundary as well as supporting local hydrology.^[25] Elevations vary from sea level at the coast to modest low hills inland, contributing to a landscape suitable for both settlement and agriculture. As a coastal plain settlement, Zhubei's geography has shaped its land use, promoting expansive urban expansion, industrial zones, and irrigated farmlands on the fertile alluvial soils. Its close proximity to the adjacent Hsinchu Science Park (approximately 11 km away) has further driven economic and population growth.^[4]^[26]

Climate

Zhubei experiences a humid subtropical climate classified as Köppen Cfa, characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters with year-round precipitation.^[27] The average annual temperature is 21.9°C, with significant seasonal variations that influence daily life and economic activities.^[27] Summers, from May to October, are hot and oppressive, with average high temperatures reaching 30–33°C and occasional peaks up to 35°C, accompanied by high humidity levels often exceeding 80%. Winters, spanning December to February, are mild and cooler, with average lows around 13–15°C and rare drops to 10°C, providing comfortable conditions compared to more extreme climates elsewhere. The transitional spring and autumn months feature moderate temperatures between 20–28°C, though humidity remains elevated due to the region's proximity to the coast.^[28]^[28] Annual rainfall totals approximately 1,620 mm, with about 70% concentrated in the summer months due to the seasonal monsoon and typhoon activity from June to October, when an average of 3.5 typhoons affect Taiwan annually. These events deliver intense but vital precipitation that supports local agriculture, such as rice and fruit cultivation, by replenishing water resources; however, they also cause significant disruptions, accounting for roughly 70% of Taiwan's agricultural economic losses through flooding and crop damage.^[27]^[29]^[30] In recent years, climate change has led to observations of increasing typhoon intensity in the 2020s, with projections indicating a 20% rise in typhoon rainfall by mid-century, exacerbating risks to infrastructure and farming in areas like Zhubei.^[31]^[32]

Demographics

Population

As of February 2025, Zhubei City's population stands at 220,662 residents, according to resident registration records.^[33] The city's population has experienced rapid expansion over the past decade and a half. In 2010, it was 146,826, rising to 212,695 by March 2023—a net gain driven primarily by influxes tied to the technology sector.^[34] This growth trajectory aligns with quarterly increases averaging 0.58 percent in recent years, marking Zhubei as one of Taiwan's fastest-expanding urban areas.^[35] With a land area of 46.83 square kilometers, Zhubei maintains a population density of about 4,714 people per square kilometer as of early 2025.^[6] The distribution is predominantly urban, with the majority of residents concentrated in developed central and southern districts, while peripheral zones retain some rural characteristics. This demographic expansion is fueled by inbound migration from other parts of Taiwan, attracted by employment opportunities in the technology industry, though offset to some extent by Taiwan's overall low birth rates.^[36] The proximity to Hsinchu's science parks has further amplified this inflow, positioning Zhubei within a broader high-tech economic corridor.^[35] Zhubei's residents are predominantly Han Chinese, with Hakka forming the largest subgroup at over 73% of the population in Hsinchu County, of which Zhubei is the administrative center.^[10] Hoklo (Minnan) communities account for around 20%, while smaller groups include indigenous peoples—primarily Atayal and Saisiyat, numbering about 20,000 across the county—and recent migrants from mainland China and Southeast Asia as new immigrants.^[10] This composition reflects historical migrations, with Hakka settlers dominating since the 18th century, supplemented by modern influxes tied to industrial growth. Socioeconomic indicators highlight relative affluence, bolstered by high-tech employment.^[36] Suburban areas feature prevalent nuclear family structures among young tech workers.

Government and Administration

Local Government

Zhubei is a county-administered city under the jurisdiction of the Hsinchu County Government in Taiwan, operating with a degree of autonomy through its dedicated city office led by a directly elected mayor.^[26] The current mayor, Zheng Chaofang of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), was elected in November 2022 during the nationwide local elections, securing the position with a focus on urban growth and community welfare.^[37] This structure allows Zhubei to manage day-to-day municipal affairs while aligning with county-level oversight on broader regional policies.^[38] The legislative oversight for Zhubei is provided by the Hsinchu County Council, which comprises 37 elected councilors representing various zones across the county, including 12 specifically from the Zhubei City electoral district as determined in the 2022 elections.^[39] The council operates through five Review Committees and additional procedural bodies. The 2nd Review Committee handles finance, auditing, and taxation; the 3rd Review Committee covers public works, industrial development, and urban planning; and the 4th Review Committee addresses education, culture, labor, and social affairs, ensuring balanced governance and policy review.^[40] These bodies review and approve local ordinances, budgets, and development plans pertinent to Zhubei. Key functions of Zhubei's local government include administering local taxation, delivering essential public services like sanitation, education, and transportation, and facilitating coordination with the central government on technology and industrial zoning to support the adjacent Hsinchu Science-Based Industrial Park.^[38] This coordination is crucial for Zhubei's role as a hub for tech-related growth, enabling streamlined approvals for industrial expansions and infrastructure aligned with national innovation goals. The city office also oversees environmental protection and emergency response, integrating these with county resources for effective implementation.^[40] In recent years, the local government has prioritized sustainability, with initiatives in 2024 emphasizing green urban development through policies promoting energy-efficient infrastructure and eco-friendly zoning.^[41] A notable example is the advancement of the Market Cube project, a multi-functional urban landmark designed to incorporate rooftop farming, rainwater recycling, and community spaces to foster sustainable living amid rapid population growth.^[37] These efforts aim to balance technological advancement with environmental stewardship, positioning Zhubei as a model for resilient urban planning in Taiwan. The administrative framework extends to coordination with subunit villages, which serve as the foundational units for grassroots implementation of city policies.

Administrative Divisions

Zhubei City is administratively divided into 30 villages (li), which serve as the primary subdivisions for local governance and community services.^[42] Major villages include Aikou, Baide, Beilun, and Wushi, each contributing to the city's diverse urban and rural landscape.^[42] These villages fulfill varied roles, with central urban areas such as the North District acting as key commercial and residential hubs, while peripheral rural villages support agricultural activities and traditional livelihoods. Population distribution varies significantly across the villages, with Beilun Village having approximately 5,063 residents as of March 2023, reflecting its proximity to transportation routes and economic opportunities.^[6]^[43] In the 2010s, boundary adjustments were implemented to several villages to facilitate urban expansion and infrastructure development amid rapid population growth. These changes, overseen by the mayor's office, aimed to better align administrative units with the city's evolving spatial needs.

Economy

Agriculture and Traditional Sectors

Zhubei's agricultural landscape has historically been dominated by rice paddy farming, a legacy of the Japanese colonial period (1895–1945) when Taiwan was positioned as an agricultural supplier to support Japan's industrialization, with rice cultivation expanded through extensive irrigation systems and land reclamation efforts across the island, including in northern regions like Hsinchu.^[44] In Hsinchu County, which encompasses Zhubei, rice paddies remain a significant feature, covering 4,514 hectares as of 2023, supported by century-old irrigation infrastructure that diverts water from rivers to sustain double- and single-cropping cycles.^[45]^[46] Since the 1990s, Zhubei's farming practices have transitioned toward higher-value floral and fruit cultivation, reflecting broader Taiwanese shifts away from staple grains amid urbanization and market demands for specialty crops. Local farmers in Hsinchu County, including those in Zhubei, have increasingly focused on strawberries, with operations like small-scale farms cultivating multiple varieties on plots of about 0.3 hectares each, contributing to the region's recreational agriculture initiatives.^[47] Orchid production has also gained prominence, bolstered by tissue culture facilities in the nearby Hsinchu Science Park that propagate flower crops such as Phalaenopsis varieties for domestic and export markets.^[48] These sectors now form a key part of agribusiness, with permanent cropland in Hsinchu County totaling 15,677 hectares in 2023, dedicated to fruits and ornamentals irrigated primarily from the Touqian River, which supplies water to upstream areas including Zhubei through managed diversion systems.^[45]^[49] This evolution has not been without challenges, as rapid urban and industrial expansion in Zhubei—a satellite city to Hsinchu—has led to farmland conversion for development, reducing available agricultural land and prompting policies to balance growth with sustainable farming. For instance, drought mitigation measures in recent years have temporarily halted irrigation on thousands of hectares in Hsinchu to prioritize urban water needs, underscoring ongoing pressures on traditional sectors.^[50] Despite these issues, rice and specialty crops continue to support around 20,801 farm households in Hsinchu County, integrating traditional methods with modern techniques to maintain economic viability.^[45]

Technology and Industrial Growth

Zhubei's modern economy has been profoundly shaped by its proximity to the Hsinchu Science Park, established in the 1980s and expanded since the 1990s, which has driven substantial local employment in the technology sector through spillover effects in research, manufacturing, and support services.^[51] This adjacency has transformed Zhubei from a predominantly rural area into a key node in Taiwan's semiconductor and high-tech ecosystem, attracting talent and investment that complement the park's core operations in integrated circuits and electronics.^[52] Central to this growth are specialized industrial sites within Zhubei, including the Hsinchu Biomedical Science Park, dedicated to biotechnology research and development in areas such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices, regenerative medicine, and precision health technologies. Spanning 38.4 hectares and established in 2003, the park hosts 61 facilities employing around 3,054 people, fostering innovation through international collaborations and commercialization pathways.^[53]^[52] Complementing this is the Tai Yuen Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Taiwan's first privately developed high-tech zone launched in 2007, which focuses on electronics manufacturing, semiconductor components, and related industries; it accommodates 302 factories with 18,500 employees and generates an annual output value of NT$700 billion.^[52]^[54] The technology sector's economic impact is substantial, with high-value production in semiconductors, biotech, and electronics in Zhubei's parks contributing to the broader Hsinchu region's output exceeding NT$1.3 trillion from the science park alone.^[52] Overall, these industries support around 22,000 direct jobs in Zhubei, encompassing roles in R&D, fabrication, and assembly. This growth underscores Zhubei's role in sustaining Taiwan's position as a global tech leader, with ongoing expansions in 2025 driven by the global AI boom and national initiatives in next-generation computing and biotech integration, including new investments in semiconductor facilities.^[52]^[55]^[56]

Culture and Tourism

Cultural Heritage

Zhubei's cultural heritage is profoundly shaped by its Hakka roots, with Hakka residents comprising approximately 73.6% of Hsinchu County's population, the highest proportion in Taiwan, and a significant majority in Zhubei itself.^[57] This influence manifests in traditional red-brick architecture featuring tiled roofs and fortified walls, designed for communal living and defense, as seen in early 19th-century settlements established by migrants from Guangdong Province during the Qing Dynasty.^[58] Annual festivals, such as the Lantern Festival integrated with the Hakka Sky-mending Day, celebrate these traditions through lantern releases and communal gatherings, fostering intergenerational continuity.^[59] A cornerstone of this heritage is the New Tile House Hakka Cultural District in Zhubei's Liujia Village, designated as Taiwan's first Hakka cultural conservation zone, encompassing over 200-year-old homes restored to preserve their historical integrity.^[58] The district includes rebuilt structures from the Jiaqing era (around 1800), showcasing Hakka architectural elements like surrounding walls for protection against threats, alongside exhibits on migration history, daily life, and agricultural practices.^[58] These sites highlight the community's resilience, with adjacent paddy fields restored to evoke the original rural landscape.^[60] Intangible aspects of Zhubei's heritage include the local Hakka dialect, a variant of the broader Sixian accent spoken in daily interactions and cultural performances.^[10] Signature cuisine, such as Hakka stuffed tofu—firm tofu filled with seasoned pork and vegetables, then braised in a savory sauce—represents the resourceful, hearty flavors adapted from ancestral recipes.^[61] Annual events like the Tung Blossom Festival, held in spring, feature Hakka music, dance, and tea-picking rituals amid blooming tung trees, drawing locals to honor seasonal cycles since its formal promotion in the mid-2000s.^[62] Preservation efforts in the 2010s, funded by Hsinchu County government initiatives, focused on revitalizing key sites amid urbanization pressures, including the 2009 restorations of New Tile House homes to maintain their authenticity. These projects extended to natural elements, such as designating Chinese Sweet Gum Avenue as a cultural walkway lined with century-old trees, symbolizing Hakka harmony with the environment and serving as a pedestrian path for reflection on local history.^[63]

Key Attractions

Zhubei offers a variety of modern recreational and leisure attractions that draw visitors seeking both natural beauty and urban conveniences. Among the most popular sites is Xinyue Beach, a coastal stretch along the shoreline in Zhubei City, ideal for swimming, sunbathing, and water sports such as volleyball and surfing. The beach features clean sands, clear waters, and essential amenities including parking lots, free showers, changing rooms, and toilets, making it accessible for families and day-trippers.^[64]^[65] Sports enthusiasts and shoppers frequent the Hsinchu County Stadium and the adjacent Far Eastern Department Stores in Zhubei, forming a vibrant hub for entertainment and retail. The stadium, also known as Zhubei Dome, is a multi-purpose venue completed in 2005 that hosts sporting events, concerts, and community gatherings, with facilities for both indoor and outdoor activities. Nearby, Far Eastern Department Stores provides extensive shopping options, dining outlets, and seasonal events that enhance its role as a social gathering spot.^[66]^[67] For those preferring serene outdoor experiences, Ditch Forest Park offers shaded nature trails, picnic areas, and green spaces along Fuxing 2nd Road, promoting relaxation and light hiking amid urban surroundings. Complementing this is the OR Bookstore, a cozy literary cafe located near the Wahu Hakka Cultural Preservation Area, where visitors can browse books, enjoy coffee, and immerse in a tranquil reading environment that subtly ties into local Hakka cultural elements.^[68]^[69]^[70] Zhubei's attractions are highly accessible, particularly via the extensive bike paths along the Touqian River, which span approximately 6.7 miles in the Zhubei section and connect to broader regional routes for scenic cycling tours. These paths facilitate easy exploration of the area's recreational sites, supporting eco-friendly tourism.^[71]^[72]

Education

Primary and Secondary Schools

Zhubei City operates 18 elementary schools and 13 combined junior and senior high schools, collectively serving around 30,000 students across the primary and secondary levels.^[73] A prominent example is National Chupei Senior High School, established in 1981, which enrolls approximately 2,000 students and emphasizes STEM education through specialized courses in computer science and related fields.^[74]^[75] The system boasts a near-universal attendance rate exceeding 99%, bolstered by Hsinchu County government subsidies for facility improvements, such as infrastructure enhancements implemented in recent years including 2022.^[76]^[26] To preserve local heritage, several schools offer bilingual programs that incorporate the Hakka language alongside Mandarin, promoting cultural integration in daily curricula.^[77] This K-12 framework facilitates smooth transitions to nearby higher education institutions, supporting student progression in academic and vocational tracks.^[73]

Higher Education Institutions

Zhubei, located in Hsinchu County, hosts several higher education facilities and extensions that emphasize technology-oriented programs, leveraging the region's proximity to the Hsinchu Science Park and its semiconductor ecosystem. National Taiwan University's Zhubei Campus, established in 2024, serves as a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship, with programs centered on semiconductors, quantum technology, artificial intelligence, and smart healthcare to foster interdisciplinary research and industry partnerships.^[78] This campus supports graduate-level training and collaborative projects, integrating academic resources with local tech firms to address emerging challenges in these fields.^[79] National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), formed from the 2021 merger of National Chiao Tung University and National Yang Ming University, maintains a presence in Zhubei through its Liujia Campus, home to the College of Hakka Studies offering undergraduate and graduate programs in humanities, social sciences, ethnicity, and culture since 2004 and 2008, respectively.^[80] The university as a whole, with engineering campuses nearby in Hsinchu City, focuses on advanced engineering programs including electrical and computer engineering, with active partnerships involving over 2,000 researchers engaged in joint R&D projects tied to the semiconductor and biotech sectors. NYCU's efforts emphasize practical applications, such as integrated circuit design and AI-driven innovations, contributing to the local tech talent pipeline through internships and industry-sponsored labs.^[80] Vocational training in Hsinchu County, including programs accessible from Zhubei, is closely linked to the semiconductor industry, offering specialized courses in chip manufacturing, materials science, and automation to meet workforce demands. Institutions like those affiliated with the Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute provide short-term and certificate programs, with enrollment surging due to global chip shortages and local expansion needs; for instance, initiatives in 2024 targeted international students and saw increased participation from Southeast Asian recruits to fill entry-level roles.^[81] These programs bridge academic training with immediate industry application, often incorporating hands-on experience at facilities in the Hsinchu Science Park.^[82] Local higher education institutions in and around Zhubei contribute notably to research output, particularly in AI and biotechnology patents, supporting Taiwan's leadership in these areas. NYCU and nearby National Tsing Hua University have generated numerous inventions, with NYCU alone securing 18 patents showcased at the 2024 Taiwan Innotech Expo, many related to AI applications in biomedicine and semiconductor processes.^[83] This output underscores Zhubei's role in high-impact innovations, including AI-enhanced drug discovery and biotech tools, through collaborations that translate academic research into commercial patents annually.^[84]

Transportation

Rail Systems

Zhubei's rail infrastructure plays a vital role in connecting the city to major urban centers, supporting its burgeoning technology sector and daily commuters through services operated by the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) and Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR). The TRA's Western Trunk Line runs through Zhubei, providing reliable regional and intercity travel, while the THSR offers rapid long-distance links. These systems facilitate efficient movement for the area's population and workforce, emphasizing accessibility and punctuality.^[85]^[86] Zhubei Station, a key TRA stop on the Western Trunk Line, handles frequent services with trains departing to Taipei approximately every 30 minutes, completing the journey in about 1 hour and 25 minutes. This connectivity supports daily commutes to the capital, with multiple train types including local and express options ensuring broad accessibility. Nearby, Liujia Station on the TRA's 3.1 km Liujia Line branch serves as an interchange for THSR passengers, linking directly to Hsinchu HSR Station via a walkway and enabling transfers to high-speed services that reach Taipei in roughly 35 minutes.^[87]^[88]^[89] The Hsinchu HSR Station, situated in Zhubei City, functions as the primary high-speed hub for the region, accommodating a significant share of the THSR network's overall traffic, which totaled a record 78.25 million passengers in 2024. This station's role underscores Zhubei's integration into Taiwan's national high-speed corridor, with trains operating at speeds up to 300 km/h along the 350 km route from Taipei to Kaohsiung.^[90]^[86] The foundations of Zhubei's rail network trace back to the early 1900s during Japanese colonial rule, when construction of the Western Trunk Line began in 1899 to link northern and southern Taiwan for economic and military purposes. The Hsinchu segment, including routes serving what is now Zhubei, was completed by 1905 as part of this broader 407 km line. Electrification efforts in the late 1970s transformed the system, with the west coast trunk line fully electrified by July 1979 using 25 kV 60 Hz AC overhead lines, boosting capacity and speed to meet post-war industrialization demands.^[91]^[92] In mid-2025, the TRA expanded services to address rising demand from tech commuters, including adding two carriages to 22 local trains on the Keelung-Hsinchu route to increase capacity by 25%. These upgrades, part of broader timetable adjustments, better serve Zhubei's growing workforce in science parks and industrial zones through 2030. The rail network also integrates briefly with adjacent road systems for multimodal access, allowing seamless transfers to buses and highways.^[93]

Road Networks

Zhubei's road infrastructure is centered on National Highway No. 1, Taiwan's primary north-south freeway, also known as the Sun Yat-sen Freeway, which spans the length of the island and serves as a vital artery for intercity travel. The Zhubei Interchange, located at kilometer 91, provides essential access points for vehicles entering and exiting the city, connecting it directly to major urban centers like Taipei to the north and Taichung to the south.^[94] This interchange handles substantial daily traffic, estimated at around 100,000 vehicles, reflecting the corridor's role in supporting regional commerce and commuting amid growing industrial activity.^[95] Complementing the national freeway, Zhubei's provincial and local road system forms an extensive network totaling approximately 200 km, integrating urban arterials with rural connectors to enhance intra-city mobility.^[96] A key component is County Highway Route 118, a scenic coastal route that links Zhubei to nearby townships and promotes tourism through access to cultural sites, cycling paths, and natural attractions in Hsinchu County.^[97] These roads facilitate efficient distribution of goods to industrial zones and support daily travel for residents, with ongoing maintenance ensuring reliability.^[98] Recent developments have focused on alleviating congestion, particularly near industrial parks that drive economic growth. In 2024, widening projects on sections of National Highway No. 1 adjacent to Zhubei were initiated to expand capacity and improve flow for heavy freight traffic.^[99] These upgrades aim to mitigate bottlenecks exacerbated by the proximity of high-tech manufacturing hubs, enhancing overall connectivity without disrupting complementary rail options for longer hauls.^[100] To optimize urban mobility, Hsinchu County implemented advanced smart traffic management systems in 2023, incorporating real-time monitoring and adaptive signal controls across key Zhubei roadways.^[101] This initiative has reduced average commute times by approximately 15-20%, improving safety and efficiency in high-density areas.^[101]

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To support the development and construction of the Liujia HSR Station Special Zone, integrate urban functions between Zhubei and Qionglin, and reshape the ...
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Working to Build a Resilient Smart City - Yang Wen-ke Receives ...
Sep 27, 2023 · 1. The traffic corridor will begin in Zhubei City and extend to Hsinchu City's Gongdao Fifth Rd., Guangfu Rd., Hsin Ann Rd., and Park Ave. ...Missing: initiatives | Show results with:initiatives
[23]
Investigate exact reliability under limited time and space of a ...
Mar 1, 2023 · Zhubei City is approximately 46.83 square kilometers located in the Northwest of Hsinchu County, Taiwan. There are about 206,000 people in ...
[24]
Second River Management Branch, WRA-Touchien River
Jan 17, 2025 · Along the shores of Touchien River, Hsinchu City developed very rapidly. The city was called "Zhuchian" in the old days and it was the earliest ...Missing: borders | Show results with:borders
[25]
Hsinchu County Government
Hsinchu County Government, No.10, Guangming 6th Rd., Zhubei City, Hsinchu County 30210, Taiwan R.O.C.. Tel:(03)551-8101. Hsinchu County Public Service Hotline:
[26]
Weather Zhubei City & temperature by month - Climate Data
This climate is considered to be Cfa according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The mean yearly temperature observed in Zhubei City is recorded ...
[27]
Zhubei Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Taiwan)
In Zhubei, the summers are hot, oppressive, and overcast; the winters are cool, windy, and partly cloudy; and it is wet year round.
[28]
The Climate of Taiwan
On average 3.5 typhoons hit Taiwan every year, causing heavy rains and environmental damage. But mild typhoons bring timely rainfall for the forests and crops.
[29]
Spatio-temporal impacts of typhoon events on agriculture - Frontiers
(2018) pointed out that 70% of Taiwan's agricultural economic losses are caused by typhoons, and 27% are caused by rain hazards (including heavy rain).
[30]
[PDF] Climate Change in Taiwan
Jan 8, 2025 · Additionally, typhoon rainfall intensity is projected to increase by 20% and. 35% by the middle and end of the 21st century, respectively.
[31]
Climate change increased Typhoon Gaemi's wind speeds and ...
Aug 29, 2024 · The study focuses on the three geographic regions that experienced severe impacts – northern Philippines, the island of Taiwan and Hunan province.
[32]
Zhubei City - Wikidata
imported from Wikimedia project · Chinese Wikipedia · population. 217,882. determination method or standard · resident register · point in time. June 2024. 1 ...
[33]
Zhubei City - Data Commons
Zhubei City is a city in Hsinchu County, Taiwan Province, Taiwan. The population in Zhubei City was 212,695 in 2023.Missing: km2 coordinates
[34]
Technology hub Jhubei growing fastest in nation - Taipei Times
Jan 16, 2023 · Jhubei, near the Hsinchu Science Park, saw its population expand by 19,085 people from 2018 through the third quarter of last year. New ...
[35]
Taiwan People's Party (TPP)-Cherish Hakka, Connect Globally
Nov 28, 2023 · The geographical distribution of Hakka people are as follows: Hsinchu County (67.8%), Miaoli County (62.5%), Taoyuan City (39.9%), Hualien ...
[36]
Taipei's Zhonghua Borough tops list of household incomes
Jul 2, 2025 · ... 2023 with an average annual household income of NT$1.524 million. ... Hsinchu County ranked second with NT$1.353 million, followed by ...
[37]
[PDF] Table 20 Educational attainment of population aged 15 years and over
Table 20 Educational attainment of population aged 15 years and over ... Hsinchu County. | 63 446. 53 065. 76 617 42 684 27 517 5 714. 702. Central Region.Missing: percentage | Show results with:percentage
[38]
Future-facing, vertical flexibility: MVRDV's “Market Cube” in Zhubei ...
Mar 28, 2025 · MVRDV has won a competition to design a new building in Zhubei, Taiwan that combines a market and food hall with cultural spaces.
[39]
Hsinchu County Government-Towns & Township
Hsinchu County's administrative area is divided into 1 county-administered city, 3 towns and 9 townships, namely: Zhubei City, Zhudong Town, Xinpu Town, Guanxi ...
[40]
Councilor-Hsinchu County Council
HsiuChu County Election Info(11/2022). Total Population in Hsinchu County, Est. 579,600 ppl. Number of Voter, 451,910 ppl. List of people. Zhubei City：12, Hukou ...
[41]
Committees-Hsinchu County Council
Review police, fire-fighting, environmental protection, public health, and other related cases. Procedure Committee. Examining and approving the matters related ...
[42]
Accton Zhubei AI Park: Green Building Design and Environmentally ...
Feb 27, 2025 · 1. High Green Coverage for a Comfortable Office Environment · 2. Solar Panels Installed on the Roof · 3. Rainwater recycling and reuse to retain ...
[43]
Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan, Taiwan - Mindat
Third-order administrative division - a subdivision of a second-order administrative division · Aikou Village · Baidi Village · Beilun Village · Beixing Village.
[44]
https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=cf723995-adf6-4202-8532-1e5714c49fc0
[45]
[PDF] STATISTICAL YEARBOOK
Page 1. STATISTICAL YEARBOOK. OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA. 2023 ... Agriculture. Note: Data do not include Kinmen County and Lienchiang County before 2010.
[46]
Century-old Irrigation Canal Turn Hakka Micro Enterprise and Rural ...
Jun 11, 2024 · For five consecutive rice harvests, all participating farmers' rice was sold in just two months. The number of cooperative farmers in the ...
[47]
Hsinchu News
Feb 5, 2018 · On their 0.3 hectares of land, they cultivate three varieties of strawberries, each of which has unique aroma and texture. She believes as long ...Missing: orchids | Show results with:orchids
[48]
https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=687b88c5-a5db-48e1-b385-237f66ad5581
[49]
Irrigation Areas-Hsinchu Management Office
The farmland in the office operation area is located on both sides of the Touqian River and Fengshan River watersheds. ... It covers Hsinchu City and Hsinchu ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[50]
https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=taiwan%20Drought%20Results%20in%20Rice%20Area%20Reduction%20and%20Crop%20Loss_Taipei_Taiwan_06-07-2021.pdf
[51]
Hsinchu County - Intelligent Community Forum
These steps led to employment growth of 11% and production growth of 25% from 2006 to 2011. Nor is Hsinchu Science Park the county's only such asset. Tai Yuen ...
[52]
Industrial Development and Business Activities
Current Development Status of Industrial Parks in Hsinchu County ; 1, 竹科-新竹園區, 405 Factory, 146,000 People, 13,134.00 Billion ; 2, 新竹產業園區, 434 Factory ...Missing: GDP | Show results with:GDP
[53]
Hsinchu Biomedical Science Park
Total Area: 38.4 hectares · Main Functions: Research & production in pharmaceuticals, medical devices, health care, regenerative medicine, etc. · Developer: ...
[54]
Tai-Yuan Hi-Tech Industrial Park
Tai‑Yuan Hi‑Tech Industrial Park is the **first and only** high-tech park fully equipped (since its Build‑in phase in 2007 / ROC 96) with an internal and ...Missing: Yuen | Show results with:Yuen
[55]
Taiwan plans to raise 2025 growth target as AI boom boosts Q3 figures
Oct 31, 2025 · Taiwan plans to raise its economic growth forecast this year to more than 5% after the economy expanded by a better-than-expected rate in ...
[56]
https://www.chosun.com/english/national-en/2025/11/06/25WOC2KEERC7ZIEOJSC3YJNDIU/
[57]
Culturally Connected - Taiwan Today
Jul 1, 2019 · With the highest proportion of Hakka residents of any region in Taiwan at 73.6 percent, Hsinchu County is a bastion of the ethnic group's ...
[58]
New Tile House Hakka Cultural District
Aug 14, 2018 · ... Zhubei), to migrate to Taiwan during the reign of Jiaqing ... New Tile House Hakka Cultural District Wall surrounded the community ...
[59]
Hakka Tour - Zhubei City, Hsinchu County
Sep 3, 2025 · New Tile House Hakka Cultural District is the first Hakka cultural conservation district in Taiwan. Exhibitions, markets, and historic sites ...
[60]
New Tile House Hakka Cultural District (2025) - Taiwan - Tripadvisor
Rating 4.7 (7) New Tile House Hakka Cultural District (2025) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go (with Reviews). AsiaTaiwanHsinchu CountyZhubeiThings to Do in ZhubeiNew Tile ...
[61]
Distribution and resurgence of the Hakka
Jul 16, 2018 · According to the 2004 Taiwanese Hakka population survey, 2.859 million people self-identified as Hakka; those who find themselves capable of ...Missing: percentage | Show results with:percentage
[62]
Festival - 新竹縣旅遊網
Take a trip to the Hakka Tung Blossom Festival and prepare to be touched by the forests and mountains, covered with Tung flowers, and engulfed in Hakka art and ...
[63]
Zhubei City: Hsinchu Taiwan - Steemit
Apr 14, 2015 · Zhubei City is a fantastic city in the North of Taiwan. It is a county controlled city. It is the county seat of Hsinchu County. It is an area ...Missing: facts | Show results with:facts
[64]
Xinyue Beach 新月沙灣 - Enjoy Hsinchu
Feb 17, 2017 · Xinyue Beach is an ideal place for swimming and various type of water activities. The beach extends along the coastline in Zhubei City (竹北市), ...
[65]
Xinyue Beach (2025) - All You Need to Know BEFORE ... - Tripadvisor
Rating 4.3 (34) It's a rather nice entertaining beach near the city, it's only half an hour ride from the train station. The beach area has parking lot and freeee showering ...
[66]
THE 15 BEST Things to Do in Zhubei (2025) - Must-See Attractions
This is a Hakka village settlement with a history of over 200 years. The buildings were established by Lin's family from Chaozhou, Canton (廣東潮州) in 18th ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[67]
Hsinchu County Stadium in Zhubei, Taiwan - Tripomatic
The Hsinchu County Stadium, also referred to as Zhubei Dome, is a multi-purpose stadium in Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. Completed in 2005 ...
[68]
Ditch Forest Park - 新竹縣旅遊網
Dec 6, 2024 · 20%. TEL：. 03-5515919. Addr：. Fuxing 2nd Rd., Zhubei City Hsinchu County. Opening Hours：. Open all year round. previous. Emei Lake Yacht. next.
[69]
Zhubei - 新竹縣旅遊網
Explore the cultural and creative worlds of old red brick houses on lively streets and let the water of Touqian River wash away life's troubles.Missing: borders | Show results with:borders
[70]
8 Great Bookstores of Taiwan - YiCollecta
Sep 16, 2017 · Or Bookshop No.123, Section 1, Wenxing Rd., Zhubei City. Or Bookshop is located near the new Wahu Hakka Cultural Preservation Area. Or Bookshop ...
[71]
Hsinchu County Touqianxi Bicycle Path: Zhubei Section - AllTrails
Rating 4.4 (33) Nov 1, 2025 · Try this 6.7-mile out-and-back trail near Zhubei City, Hsinchu. Generally considered an easy route. This is a popular trail for road biking, ...
[72]
Touqian River's South Bank Bike Path - 新竹縣旅遊網
Dec 5, 2024 · The total path length is about 17.2 kilometers. Along the way, one can look out on the beautiful scenery of Touqian River. It is one of the ...
[73]
竹北市各級學校列表 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
### Primary (Elementary) Schools in Zhubei City
[74]
Education in Taiwan (2023/2024)
Education in Taiwan (2023/2024). Statistics 82 83 Gross Enrollment Ratio and Total Net Enrollment Rate by Level of Education School Year Total 1st Level ...Missing: Zhubei City Hsinchu County
[75]
English homepage | Current Situation - 竹北高中
In July 1981, "Provincial Zhubei Senior High School" was officially established, with Lian Tiancai assuming office as its first principal. The school offers a ...
[76]
English homepage | Our School Features - 竹北高中
Through the collaborative efforts of teachers and students alike, Chupei Senior High School strives to establish itself as a premier institution in the region.
[77]
Statistical Indicators - Ministry of Education Republic of China (Taiwan)
3, (1) Total Net Enrollment Rate of Primary and Secondary Education, (ODF) ; (2) Net Enrollment Rate of Tertiary Education, (ODF) ; 4, Enrollment Rates of School ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[78]
Administrative Performance of 2019 | Hakka Affairs Council
Mar 19, 2020 · In 2019, the Council further subsidized the program, as a result, another 12 counties/cities, 65 schools and 433 classes of students ...Missing: population | Show results with:population
[79]
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Initiative Launched on Zhubei ...
Campus programs will be focused on semiconductors, quantum technology, AI, and smart healthcare, and related areas, while deepening innovation and ...
[80]
NTU Launches Startup Initiatives at Zhubei Campus - spotlight
Dec 18, 2024 · On December 13, 2024, National Taiwan University (NTU) held the grand launch ceremony for the new Innovation and Entrepreneurship Initiative at its Zhubei ...
[81]
About Us - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National ...
The department is affiliated with the College of Hakka Studies and is situated at the Liujia campus of NYCU in Zhubei County. The campus was initially intended ...
[82]
NYCU's 3-Month Semiconductor Training Program Opens Doors for ...
Mar 27, 2025 · The initiative offers a fully subsidized, three-month practical training program targeting individuals with no prior background in science or engineering.Missing: vocational | Show results with:vocational
[83]
Students are doubling as cheap labor for Taiwan's semiconductor ...
Feb 12, 2025 · There were 26,000 monthly job openings in the latter half of 2024, mostly in lower-level positions such as machine operators and packaging ...
[84]
TSRI - Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute
May 7, 2024 · I.Short-term Training Programs in Taiwan. TSRI Integrated Circuit Design and Implementation Courses in Taiwan. Course Dates: July to August 2024.
[85]
NEWS-NYCU Shines at Taiwan Innotech Expo with Wins 19 Awards ...
Oct 28, 2024 · Competing in the Expo's prestigious “Invention Competition Area,” NYCU presented 18 cutting-edge patents, winning one Platinum, six Gold, seven ...
[86]
home-english - 捷絡生物科技
JelloX Biotech Inc. is a university startup by research team from National Tsing Hua University. JelloX owns exclusive in-license and invention patents.
[87]
None
**Summary:**
[88]
Taiwan High Speed Rail
**Summary:**
[89]
Zhubei Station to Taipei Station - 4 ways to travel via train, bus, and car
Taiwan Railway operates a train from 竹北 to 臺北 every 30 minutes. Tickets cost $3–6 and the journey takes 1h 25m. Alternatively, Kuo-Kuang Bus operates a bus ...Missing: Administration | Show results with:Administration
[90]
THSR Hsinchu Station Info – Taiwan High Speed Rail
Passengers may use the corridor on THSR Hsinchu Station 2F to go to TRA Liujia Station, then transfer to the TRA Liujia line to reach TRA Hsinchu Station.
[91]
Liujia Station to Taipei - 3 ways to travel via train, car, and taxi
The fastest way to get from Liujia Station to Taipei is to train which takes 34 min and costs $8 - $11. ... Is there a direct train between Liujia Station and ...Missing: connection | Show results with:connection
[92]
THSR, Zuoying Station set passenger records in 2024 - Focus Taiwan
Feb 12, 2025 · The number of Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) passengers hit a record high of 78.25 million in 2024, with passengers entering and exiting Zuoying Station in ...<|separator|>
[93]
Railway】EP 2: Establishment of Taiwan's Western Trunk Line
Nov 8, 2024 · Taiwan's railway history began during the Qing Dynasty under ... Hsinchu commenced. In 1899, construction of the Western Trunk Line railway ...
[94]
Genesis of the HSR - Taiwan Today
July 1979 witnessed the completion of the electrification of Taiwan's west coast trunk line railway between Keelung, to the northeast of Taipei, ...
[95]
Taiwan Railway to boost rail services from June 26 - Taipei Times
May 6, 2025 · The company would also add two carriages to each of the 22 local trains running between Keelung and Hsinchu, increasing them to 10-car ...
[96]
National Freeway 1 - Wikipedia
National Freeway 1 also known as Sun Yat-sen Freeway is a turnpike in Taiwan, the first restricted controlled-access highway built in Taiwan.
[97]
Freeway facilities (interchanges, service areas)
Freeway No. 1 has interchanges like Keelung (1), Badu (2), and Xizhi (10), and service areas like Zhongli (55) and Hukou (86).Missing: volume | Show results with:volume
[98]
Study site: (a) National Highway 1, Zhubei, Taiwan; (b) speed ...
Congestion at the downstream of a freeway off-ramp often propagates the traffic queue to the mainline, and thus reduces the freeway capacity at the ...
[99]
[PDF] Directorate General of Highways, MOTC
In 1990, Taiwan Provincial Government came up with proposals for 18. Region-Based Road System Construction Projects as part of the "Taiwan Area. Comprehensive ...
[100]
[PDF] Around Cycling Taiwan
Main Roads Provincial Highway 3ノCounty Highway 118. Difficulty. Route Guide This route is filled with twists and turns among rolling hills; for riders who ...
[101]
Hsinchu County Guanxi Township Office - 新竹縣關西鎮公所
The township features predominantly hilly and sloping terrain, with extensive dry fields used for agriculture. Key agricultural produce include rice, tea, ...Missing: reclamation | Show results with:reclamation
[102]
Freeway Bureau,Ministry of Transportation and Communications ...
Construction Projects in 2024. Download File(s):. 1.Taiwan Freeway Bridge Seismic Retrofit (Section 1 to Section 3) ... 8.National Freeway No.1 Widening ...Missing: Zhubei | Show results with:Zhubei
[103]
Investment Environment
Education Level of Employed Population. College and Above, 55.71%. High School/Vocational, 35.00%. Junior High and Below, 9.29%. Age Distribution of Employed ...Missing: percentage | Show results with:percentage
[104]
Hsinchu County Receives 2023 IDC Future Enterprise Awards
Oct 27, 2023 · Since its inception in 2021, it has successfully reduced travel time by 18–21%, thereby enhancing road safety. ... smart traffic management. The ...