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Atlantean

Atlantean is an adjective that primarily describes something of, relating to, or resembling the Titan Atlas from Greek mythology, often connoting immense strength or endurance, or pertaining to the legendary island of Atlantis as described by Plato.^[1]^[2]^[3] As a noun, it refers to an inhabitant of the mythical Atlantis or, in architectural contexts, to a male figure (also called an atlas or telamon) sculpted to support entablatures or other structural elements, evoking the Titan's burden of holding up the heavens.^[4]^[5] The term originates from the late 17th century, initially derived from "Atlas" combined with the suffix "-ean," meaning "resembling or pertaining to Atlas," with its association to Atlantis emerging in the mid-19th century following renewed interest in Plato's accounts of the sunken island.^[6] In classical literature and art, "Atlantean" strength symbolizes superhuman power, as seen in descriptions of Atlas condemned to bear the celestial sphere, a motif that influenced both poetic and visual representations from ancient Greece onward.^[7] The architectural use of Atlantean figures dates back to antiquity, appearing in structures like the Temple of Zeus at Agrigento in Sicily (circa 480 BCE), where they served as decorative yet functional supports, contrasting with female caryatids.^[5] In modern usage, "Atlantean" evokes themes of lost advanced civilizations or titanic prowess, appearing in scholarly discussions of Platonic philosophy and pseudohistorical theories about Atlantis, though the island itself remains a fictional construct with no archaeological evidence. Its application extends to heraldry, literature, and symbolism, where it underscores endurance or mythical heritage, but it is distinct from unrelated fictional constructs in popular media.^[6]

Mythological Origins

Plato's Account

Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written around 360 BCE, provide the earliest and most detailed ancient account of Atlantis, presenting it as a mythological island civilization founded by the god Poseidon.^[8] In Critias, Plato describes the Atlanteans as descendants of Poseidon and the mortal woman Cleito, whom the sea god encountered on the island and isolated on a central hill surrounded by concentric rings of water and land to protect her.^[9] Poseidon fathered five pairs of twin sons with Cleito, with the eldest, Atlas, appointed as king over the entire island; the ocean and the island itself were subsequently named Atlantic in his honor.^[9] The narrative frames Atlantis as an ideal society established approximately 9,000 years before the time of the Athenian lawmaker Solon (circa 9600 BCE), according to records preserved by Egyptian priests in the city of Sais.^[8] In Timaeus, the character Critias recounts this story, which Solon learned during his visit to Egypt, portraying Atlantis initially as a prosperous and virtuous naval power that exemplified divine order before succumbing to moral corruption and hubris.^[8] This timeline positions Atlantis as a prehistoric empire far predating known Greek history, emphasizing its role as a cautionary tale of societal decline.^[8] Plato depicts the island's vast geography, stating it was larger than Libya and Asia Minor combined and located in the Atlantic Ocean beyond the Pillars of Heracles (the Strait of Gibraltar), serving as a hub for maritime dominance and access to other lands.^[8] In Timaeus, Critias introduces the origin story and the broader conflict with ancient Athens to illustrate ideal governance, while Critias expands on the island's physical layout, including its fertile central plain, encircling mountains, and engineered harbors that supported its formidable navy.^[9] Through this dialogic structure, Plato uses Atlantis to explore philosophical themes of cosmology, politics, and human nature, attributing the tale's authenticity to ancient Egyptian sources via Solon.^[8]

Pre-Platonic Influences

The Atlantean legend, as later recounted by Plato, traces its purported origins to stories told to the Athenian statesman Solon during his visit to Egypt around 590 BCE. Solon reportedly conversed with priests in the temple of Neith at Sais, who described a vast island power situated beyond the Pillars of Heracles—larger than Libya and Asia combined—that dominated parts of Europe and Africa before being utterly destroyed by violent earthquakes and floods in a single day and night, leaving behind an impassable muddy shoal.^[8] Historical accounts confirm Solon's travels to Egypt, where he engaged with local intellectuals on matters of law, wisdom, and ancient histories, potentially exposing him to Egyptian lore of cataclysmic events. Despite these claimed transmissions, no direct pre-Platonic textual or archaeological evidence for Atlantis exists in Egyptian, Greek, or other ancient records, with scholars widely attributing the tale's fabrication or synthesis to Plato himself for philosophical purposes.^[10] Egyptian inscriptions and papyri offer no corroboration of such a narrative about a western island empire or its destruction.^[11] Potential indirect influences include the writings of Herodotus, who around 450 BCE documented extensive Egyptian priestly accounts of their antiquity and explorations of western regions beyond the Mediterranean, providing a model for framing cross-cultural historical exchanges that parallels the Solon-priest dialogue in Plato's version.^[12] The myth exhibits conceptual parallels with earlier ancient narratives of lost worlds and divine catastrophes. Mesopotamian traditions, such as the flood account in the Epic of Gilgamesh (circa 2100–1200 BCE), depict a god-sent deluge that annihilates humanity and civilization, preserved by a survivor in a boat, mirroring the sudden, watery demise of Atlantis as a cautionary tale of hubris and retribution. Within Greek mythology, Homer's Odyssey (circa 8th century BCE) portrays the Phaeacians as inhabitants of a prosperous, isolated island kingdom (Scheria) renowned for their seafaring prowess and utopian society, yet perpetually menaced by Poseidon's earthquakes and floods—a motif some scholars connect to embryonic ideas of submerged advanced realms.^[13] Scholarly analysis often posits Atlantis as a composite reflecting real prehistoric disasters, particularly the massive volcanic eruption on Thera (modern Santorini) around 1600 BCE, which buried Minoan settlements under ash and triggered tsunamis that crippled the Cretan palace culture. In 1939, archaeologist Spyridon Marinatos advanced this hypothesis, linking the event's scale—evidenced by excavated sites like Akrotiri—to oral memories of a thalassocratic power's collapse, transmitted through Mediterranean traditions until Plato's era.^[14] This interpretation underscores how Bronze Age upheavals could underpin the legend without direct historical attestation.^[15]

Society and Culture

Government and Rulers

According to Plato's Critias, Atlantis was governed as a hierarchical monarchy founded by the god Poseidon, who divided the island into ten kingdoms and appointed his ten sons as rulers.^[9] The eldest son, Atlas, was designated as the supreme king, receiving the largest and most fertile territory encompassing the central capital, while his brothers—Gadeirus, Ampheres, Evaemon, Mneseus, Autochthon, Elasippus, Mestor, Azaes, and Diaprepes—were granted the remaining portions as subordinate princes, each exercising authority over their respective regions.^[9] The political structure emphasized a theocratic system, with all kings bound by sacred laws inscribed by Poseidon on an orichalcum pillar erected in the central temple dedicated to him.^[9] These laws regulated precedence, mutual relations, and prohibitions, such as bans on warfare among the kings and requirements for collective defense of the royal houses; they also forbade intermarriage outside the ten royal families to preserve the semi-divine bloodline.^[9] Every five or six years alternately, the ten kings convened at the temple to deliberate on common affairs, deliberate penalties for transgressions, and renew their allegiance through a ritual oath sworn over the blood of a sacrificed bull, invoking divine curses for any violations.^[9] Succession followed primogeniture in the line of Atlas, ensuring the kingdom passed from eldest son to eldest son across generations, while the other principalities maintained power through their own male heirs with equal territorial shares among brothers where applicable.^[9] No king could execute a kinsman without the majority assent of the other nine, reinforcing the interdependent hierarchy.^[9] Administratively, the system coordinated resources and military obligations from the capital: the plain was divided into 60,000 lots, each overseen by a leader responsible for supplying chariots, horses, and infantry to the kings, who in turn managed a unified island-wide defense and resource allocation.^[9] This structure reflected a blend of divine authority and practical governance, with Atlas's descendants holding paramount influence over the confederation.^[9]

Daily Life and Achievements

The capital city of Atlantis was renowned for its sophisticated urban planning, featuring a central island surrounded by alternating concentric rings of land and water—specifically, two zones of land and three of sea—connected by bridges and tunnels to facilitate movement and defense.^[9] These rings were enclosed by massive walls, the innermost coated in orichalcum (a mythical reddish metal more precious than gold), the next in tin, and the outermost in brass, while the surrounding mountain walls were sheathed in brass, tin, and the precious orichalcum, creating a dazzling spectacle.^[9] Canals and harbors were engineered with precision, including a primary canal 300 feet wide, 100 feet deep, and 50 stadia long, linking the city to the sea and enabling efficient maritime trade.^[9] Agriculture in Atlantis thrived on vast fertile plains that supported two harvests per year, yielding abundant crops such as grains, fruits, and vegetables, supplemented by an extensive network of irrigation canals drawing from mountain rivers and rainfall.^[9] The island was rich in natural resources, including diverse metals like gold, silver, copper, and orichalcum, as well as timber from expansive forests and a large population of elephants used for labor and food.^[9] Hot and cold springs provided water for bathing and agriculture, enhancing the island's self-sufficiency and contributing to its prosperity.^[9] Atlantis demonstrated remarkable engineering and military achievements, with public facilities including grand temples dedicated to gods like Poseidon and Cleito, adorned with ivory, gold, and silver statues; hot and cold baths for public use; and expansive racecourses for equestrian events.^[9] The civilization maintained a formidable navy of 1,200 warships and a land army organized into 60,000 lots, each providing heavy infantry, light troops, cavalry, and chariots, showcasing advanced metallurgy for weapons and shipbuilding, as well as hydraulic systems for docks and fortifications.^[9] In its early phases, Atlantean society emphasized social equality, with property held in common among families descended from the ten original kings, fostering simple living and piety toward the gods through communal rituals and resource sharing under royal oversight.^[9]

Destruction and Aftermath

War with Ancient Athens

According to Plato's account in the Critias, the Atlantean society, once prosperous under the divine kingship of Poseidon's descendants, underwent moral decay as greed and ambition overtook the original virtues instilled by the gods, leading the ten kings to convene and resolve to enslave the rest of the world.^[16] This degeneration prompted an aggressive expansion, with Atlantis—having already subjugated parts of Libya as far as Egypt and Europe up to Tyrrhenia—launching an invasion to conquer the entire Mediterranean region, including ancient Greece, where Athens stood as the primary defender due to its preeminence in courage and military organization.^[16]^[17] In the ensuing conflict, as described in the Timaeus, the ancient Athenian forces, embodying unity and strategic prowess under leaders identified by Egyptian priests as descendants of mythical kings like Cecrops and Erechtheus, confronted the vast Atlantean army and navy despite the desertion of other Greek allies.^[17]^[9] Athens, with its warrior class trained from youth in gymnastics and warfare, repelled the invaders through disciplined tactics and collective resolve, ultimately routing the Atlantean expedition that sought to subdue Europe and Asia at a single blow.^[17] The key outcome was a decisive victory for Athens, which not only preserved its own liberty but also liberated the enslaved peoples of Europe and Asia within the Pillars of Heracles, halting Atlantean imperialism and restoring freedom to the subjugated regions.^[17] This triumph underscored the contrast between Atlantean hubris—manifest in their overreach and corruption—and Athenian arete, the excellence of virtue and restraint that enabled a smaller, unified state to prevail against a mighty empire.^[18] Plato employed this war narrative as a moral allegory to exemplify the ideal state in action, portraying prehistoric Athens as a proto-republic where philosophical governance and civic virtue triumph over tyrannical ambition, thereby illustrating his broader philosophical ideals from the Republic.^[18]^[17] Note that while Timaeus places the war before the cataclysm, Critias—which breaks off abruptly after describing Zeus's decision to punish the Atlanteans—leaves the precise sequence open to interpretation.

Cataclysmic Sinking

According to Plato's account in the Critias, the cataclysmic sinking of Atlantis resulted from divine retribution imposed by Zeus, who observed the Atlanteans' moral degeneration after generations of prosperity under Poseidon's lineage. The island's inhabitants, initially virtuous and god-fearing, had gradually succumbed to hubris, greed, and a love of wealth, abandoning their divine heritage and the laws established by their divine ancestors. Perceiving this woeful plight in what was once an honorable race, Zeus convened the gods to chastise and reform them, marking the onset of their downfall—though Critias ends without detailing the punishment.^[9] The sequence of destruction unfolded rapidly following the Atlanteans' failed invasion of the Mediterranean, as detailed in Plato's Timaeus. Violent earthquakes and floods ravaged the island over the course of a single day and night, causing the entire landmass—larger than Libya and Asia combined—to subside into the sea. These tremors were so intense that they swallowed the Atlantean forces and their mighty empire, leaving no trace of their once-grand citadel and harbors. The same cataclysm also caused the ancient Athenian warrior class to sink into the earth. In the aftermath, the submerged debris formed a vast, impassable muddy shoal that obstructed navigation across the Atlantic, rendering the surrounding waters treacherous for sailors.^[8] While the physical island and its population were utterly destroyed, remnants of Atlantean knowledge survived through oral transmission to ancient Egypt, where Solon learned the tale from priests in Sais before relaying it to Greek philosophers. This preservation underscores the selective nature of the catastrophe in Platonic narrative, sparing cultural wisdom even as the material world collapsed. Symbolically, the event illustrates Plato's philosophy of cyclical destruction and renewal, where natural disasters like earthquakes and floods serve as periodic corrections to human excess, potentially echoing real geological phenomena such as tsunamis in the ancient world.^[8]^[19]

Interpretations and Legacy

Historical and Pseudohistorical Theories

Interest in Atlantis as a historical entity surged in the 19th century, largely due to Ignatius Donnelly's 1882 book Atlantis: The Antediluvian World, which posited that the Atlanteans were the progenitors of ancient civilizations worldwide, including similarities in architecture, mythology, and agriculture across Europe, Asia, and the Americas.^[20] Donnelly argued that Atlantis served as the cradle of human culture, with its destruction by cataclysm explaining the diffusion of advanced knowledge to surviving societies.^[20] Scholars and enthusiasts have proposed various real-world locations for Atlantis, often linking it to known ancient catastrophes or lost cultures. One prominent theory identifies Atlantis with the Minoan civilization on Crete, suggesting that the massive volcanic eruption of Thera (Santorini) around 1600 BCE triggered tsunamis and societal collapse that inspired Plato's tale of a sunken island empire.^[21] This hypothesis, first advanced by archaeologist Spyridon Marinatos in the 1930s, draws on evidence of Minoan palaces damaged by earthquakes and ash layers, though the timeline predates Plato's described 9600 BCE destruction by millennia.^[15] Other theories connect Atlantis to Tartessos, a semi-mythical Iberian culture in southern Spain flourishing around 1000–500 BCE, based on ancient Greek accounts of a wealthy maritime society near the Strait of Gibraltar that vanished, possibly due to environmental changes or invasions.^[22] Donnelly himself extended Atlantean influence to the Americas, claiming parallels between Aztec pyramids and Egyptian structures as evidence of transatlantic colonization from the lost continent.^[20] Geological arguments for subsidence in the Atlantic Ocean, such as mid-ocean ridge activity or continental shelf erosion, have been invoked to explain a literal sinking, but no evidence supports a large landmass disappearing there within human history.^[23] Pseudohistorical claims have further embellished Atlantis with supernatural elements. American psychic Edgar Cayce, in readings from the 1920s–1940s, described Atlanteans as possessing advanced technologies like energy-generating crystals and flying machines powered by anti-gravity principles, which allegedly caused their downfall through misuse around 10,000 BCE.^[24] During the Nazi era, the SS-affiliated Ahnenerbe organization, under Heinrich Himmler, funded expeditions to trace Aryan origins to Atlantis, viewing it as the mythical homeland of a superior race; efforts included searches in Tibet and the Andes for Atlantean artifacts, blending occultism with racial pseudoscience.^[25] Modern scholarship overwhelmingly regards Atlantis as a philosophical allegory invented by Plato to illustrate ideals of governance and hubris, with no credible archaeological or geological evidence supporting its historicity.^[26] Excavations at proposed sites like Thera reveal sophisticated but localized Bronze Age societies, not a global naval power, and carbon dating of relevant artifacts consistently places advanced Mediterranean civilizations centuries or millennia after Plato's 9600 BCE timeline, during which the region was in the Paleolithic era with no signs of urban development.^[27]

Depictions in Modern Media

In Jules Verne's 1870 science fiction novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, the submarine Nautilus explores the ruins of Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean at a depth of about 2,000 meters, depicting it as a vast submerged continent with remnants of Tuscan-style architecture, including fallen columns, arches, temples, and aqueducts overgrown with seaweed and zoophytes near a volcanic crater.^[28] Captain Nemo identifies the site by inscribing "ATLANTIS" on a basalt rock, linking it to Plato's account of a cataclysmic sinking while emphasizing its geological reality as a lost land beyond Europe, Asia, and Libya.^[29] This portrayal serves as an early modern precursor, blending adventure with pseudoscientific exploration of a vanished civilization. H.P. Lovecraft's revisions to Adolphe de Castro's 1893 story "The Last Test," published in 1928, incorporate Atlantis into the nascent Cthulhu Mythos as a source of forbidden, prehistoric knowledge tied to non-human origins.^[30] The character Surama possesses "devilish Atlantean secrets" derived from a primal race, with the Tuaregs rumored as their descendants, evoking themes of ancient, saurian-like lineages and cosmic horror that influenced later mythos expansions.^[31] In DC Comics' Aquaman storylines, particularly the 1990 miniseries The Atlantis Chronicles by Peter David and Esteban Maroto, Atlanteans are portrayed as a surviving underwater race in a politically intricate society marked by royal intrigue, betrayal, and wars against surface threats, featuring Art Nouveau architecture and supernatural elements in their high-fantasy kingdom.^[32] This narrative establishes Atlantis as Aquaman's homeland, a resilient realm adapting to isolation after partial submersion due to ancient hubris.^[33] The 2001 Disney animated film Atlantis: The Lost Empire presents Atlanteans as pale-skinned humanoids with fin-like spikes, inhabiting a shielded underwater city powered by the life-sustaining Heart of Atlantis crystal, which enables advanced technologies like flying vehicles and energy shields.^[34] Linguist Milo Thatch deciphers their constructed Proto-Sinaitic-based language, revealing a once-mighty empire reduced to stagnation after a cataclysm 8,800 years prior.^[35] In video games, the 2003 expansion The Titans for Age of Mythology introduces Atlanteans as a fourth playable civilization, drawing from Platonic myths with unique mechanics like reusable god powers and hero conversions from regular units, emphasizing their technological and mythical prowess in real-time strategy battles.^[36] The television series Stargate Atlantis (2004–2009) reimagines the city as an abandoned Ancient outpost—a massive, modular spaceship-like structure—in the Pegasus Galaxy, where human explorers activate its advanced alien tech while battling the vampiric Wraith.^[37] The DC Extended Universe films Aquaman (2018) and Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom (2023), directed by James Wan and starring Jason Momoa as Arthur Curry/Aquaman, depict Atlantis as a technologically advanced underwater kingdom fragmented into royal city-states like Atlantis, Xebel, the Fisher Kingdom, and the Brine, with Atlanteans exhibiting superhuman strength, trident weaponry, and aquatic mounts such as seahorses and shark cavalry. In the first film, Arthur claims the throne to prevent his half-brother Orm from declaring war on the surface world, uncovering ancient artifacts like the Trident of Atlan. The sequel explores environmental threats and family dynamics within the Atlantean realm, blending high fantasy with superhero action.^[38]^[39] Depictions of Atlanteans in 20th- and 21st-century media have evolved from Plato's doomed imperialists, punished for hubris, to advanced survivors harnessing superior technologies in isolation, often as allies or antagonists in sci-fi narratives.^[40] This shift incorporates steampunk aesthetics in Verne's mechanical wonders and crystal-powered machinery in Disney's film, while sci-fi elements dominate in Stargate Atlantis' extraterrestrial origins and Aquaman's geopolitical underwater realm, transforming the myth into icons of hidden innovation and existential peril.^[40]

References

[1]
ATLANTEAN Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of ATLANTEAN is of, relating to, or resembling Atlas : strong.
[2]
ATLANTEAN Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
adjective · pertaining to the demigod Atlas. · having the strength of Atlas. He was of monumental girth and Atlantean power. · pertaining to Atlantis. Atlantean.
[3]
ATLANTEAN definition in American English - Collins Dictionary
2 senses: 1. literary of, relating to, or like Atlas; extremely strong 2. of or connected with Atlantis.... Click for more definitions.
[4]
Atlantean - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Noun. Atlantean (plural Atlanteans) An inhabitant of the mythical island of Atlantis. A pillar or statue in the form of an architectural atlas.
[5]
Telamones and Atlantes - Institute of Classical Architecture & Art
Apr 28, 2011 · Two of the most dramatic celebrities of the Homeric family, Telamon and Atlas, have been applied to buildings only rarely, and almost never in recent decades.
[6]
Atlantean - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Atlantean(adj.) 1660s, "resembling or pertaining to Atlas" (q.v.). From 1852 as "pertaining to Atlantis" (q.v.).Missing: definition | Show results with:definition<|control11|><|separator|>
[7]
Atlantean, adj. meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English ...
Atlantean, adj. meanings, etymology, pronunciation and more in the Oxford English Dictionary.
[8]
Timaeus by Plato - The Internet Classics Archive
Here is Timaeus, of Locris in Italy, a city which has admirable laws, and who is himself in wealth and rank the equal of any of his fellow-citizens.
[9]
Critias by Plato - The Internet Classics Archive
Timaeus. How thankful I am, Socrates, that I have arrived at last, and, like a weary traveller after a long journey, may be at rest!
[10]
Atlantis: A Grain of Truth Behind the Fiction? - MDPI
The legend of Atlantis was almost certainly invented by Plato to promote the political ideal of his masterwork The Republic, while praising the heroism of ...
[11]
A Suggestion concerning Plato's Atlantis - jstor
Needless to say that existing Egyptian records give no hint of a tradi tion regarding either Atlantis or primitive Athens. Could Plato have more clearly ...
[12]
[PDF] Plato, Herodotus and the Question of Historical Truth*
Nov 3, 2023 · The frame story of the Atlantis tale shows striking similarities to Herodotus' anecdote about Hecataeus of Miletus' meeting with Egyptian ...
[13]
Scheria and the Phaeacians - jstor
Inasmuch as his observations are addressed to the Phaeacians, a natural inference is that their land lay somewhere to the east of Ithaca.
[14]
[PDF] Atlantis and the Minoans - Oliver D. Smith
Aug 18, 2020 · The expedition was a success in the sense it resulted in the unearthing of Akrotiri (Marinatos led the excavation) and afterwards. Mavor and ...
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(PDF) Atlantis and the Minoans - ResearchGate
Aug 18, 2020 · This article details the background, heyday, and demise of the Minoan hypothesis, furthermore, it looks at why the Thera-Cretan theory collapsed.
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Critias, by Plato
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Critias, by Plato. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.
[17]
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Timaeus, by Plato
Below is a merged response that consolidates all the information from the provided summaries into a single, comprehensive summary of Plato's *Timaeus* regarding the war between ancient Athens and Atlantis. Since the content varies across the summaries (some referencing *Timaeus* directly, others incorporating *Critias*, and some noting the absence of the narrative in the provided text), I will synthesize the details into a cohesive narrative while preserving all key points. To maximize density and clarity, I will use a table in CSV format to organize the detailed information, followed by a narrative summary that integrates the findings.
[18]
[PDF] TRUTH, LIES AND HISTORY IN PLATO'S TIMAEUS-CRITIAS - Histos
war between ancient Athens and Atlantis; the other, by Timaeus, is an ac- count of the creation of the kosmos and everything in it. Critias and Timaeus tell ...
[19]
Natural Catastrophe in Greek and Roman Philosophy - Academia.edu
Plato and Aristotle viewed natural catastrophes as cyclical, while Lucretius and Seneca focused on their unique impacts on humanity. Seneca provided empathetic ...Missing: scholarly judgment
[20]
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4032
[21]
The Minoan Eruption | American Scientist
The author gives a detailed analysis, based on archaeological, geological and geophysical evidence, of events connected with the Minoan eruption. The eruption ...Missing: sources | Show results with:sources
[22]
The Iberian civilisation that vanished - BBC
Jul 28, 2022 · Mystery and myth surround the ancient society of Tartessos – it was even linked to Atlantis at one point. But excavations and technology are ...Missing: connection | Show results with:connection
[23]
Atlantis Rises Again | Science | AAAS
One popular theory suggests that Atlantis was in Greece and perished by volcanic eruption 3500 years ago. Yet, Plato never reported volcanic ash; plus, the ...Missing: subsidence | Show results with:subsidence
[24]
Edgar Cayce on Atlantis - A.R.E. of New York Edgar Cayce Center
... Edgar Cayce readings and ancient mysteries and offers psychic readings online ... Edgar Cayce said the people of Atlantis had constructed giant laser-like ...Missing: flying machines
[25]
Ahnenerbe: The Nazi Obsession with Pseudo-Archaeology
Aug 26, 2025 · These ideas formed the basis for Nazi ideology. The Nazis believed the Aryans were a Nordic people, flaxen-haired, white, physically strong, and ...
[26]
Why the myth of Atlantis just won't die | National Geographic
Apr 19, 2023 · The lack of evidence for its existence hasn't stopped people from hunting for it—or insisting that archaeologists are involved in a cover-up.
[27]
The Myth of Atlantis: A Lost Civilization or a Metaphor?
Jul 30, 2025 · The only primary sources for Atlantis are two works by Plato, written around 360 BCE: Timaeus and Critias. In Timaeus, Atlantis is described ...Plato's Atlantis: The Source... · Where Was Atlantis?... · Atlantis In Modern...
[28]
Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea - Project Gutenberg
The hurricane blew nearly forty leagues an hour. It is under these conditions that it overturns houses, breaks iron gates, displaces twenty-four pounders.
[29]
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea | Jules Verne | Lit2Go ETC
ATLANTIS. What lightning flashed through my mind! Atlantis, that ancient land of Meropis mentioned by the historian Theopompus; Plato's Atlantis; the ...
[30]
H.P. Lovecraft and Adolphe de Castro's "The Last Test" - Reactor
Jan 16, 2019 · Bad Influences From Atlantis: H.P. Lovecraft and Adolphe de Castro's “The Last Test” ... Welcome back to the Lovecraft reread, in which two modern ...
[31]
https://www.hplovecraft.com/writings/texts/fiction/lt.aspx
[32]
Submerge Yourself in Aquaman Lore with "The Atlantis Chronicles"
Dec 15, 2023 · The series depicts the untold mythic history of DC's Atlantis, establishing archetypes and recurring themes that would influence Arthur Curry's continuity for ...
[33]
https://www.dcuniverseinfinite.com/comics/series/the-atlantis-chronicles/e072ffca-2518-4230-b55f-2095c018d9cd
[34]
Atlantis: The Lost Empire
### Summary of Plot (Atlantis: The Lost Empire)
[35]
Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001) - IMDb
Rating 6.9/10 (144,823) A young linguist named Milo Thatch joins an intrepid group of explorers to find the mysterious lost continent of Atlantis.A young linguist named Milo Thatch ...Plot · Full cast & crew · Atlantis: The Lost Empire · Atlantis, l'empire perdu
[36]
Age of Mythology: The Titans Reviews - Metacritic
Rating 84% (25) Age of Mythology: The Titans Expansion adds a fourth mythology, the Atlanteans, to the existing Greek, Egyptian and Norse mythologies.
[37]
Stargate Atlantis (series) | Television - MGM Studios
Stargate Atlantis follows a team exploring the Pegasus Galaxy, discovering a deserted city and a deadly enemy. It is Sci-Fi, Drama, Action, Adventure.
[38]
[PDF] Submergence: A special issue on Atlantis and related mythologies
Oct 9, 2016 · As the various contributions to this volume make apparent, popular perceptions of mythical submerged islands have developed along paths that ...