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MacArthur

Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 – April 5, 1964) was a United States Army general who achieved the rank of General of the Army, the highest peacetime rank in the U.S. military, after graduating first in his class from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1903.^[1]^[2] He commanded Allied forces in the Southwest Pacific theater during World War II, orchestrating campaigns that included the defense of the Philippines, a dramatic escape to Australia amid defeat, and a triumphant return fulfilling his pledge "I shall return," culminating in the liberation of the islands from Japanese occupation.^[2] Following Japan's surrender in 1945, MacArthur served as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, overseeing the occupation of Japan, where he implemented sweeping reforms that demilitarized the nation, dismantled its militaristic government structures, and laid foundations for its postwar democratic constitution and economic recovery.^[2] In 1950, he was appointed commander of United Nations forces in the Korean War, directing the daring Inchon landing that reversed North Korean advances and recaptured Seoul, though his advocacy for expanding the conflict into China led to public clashes with civilian leadership and his relief from command by President Harry S. Truman in April 1951—a decision rooted in constitutional limits on military subordination to political authority.^[3] Recipient of the Medal of Honor for his Pacific leadership, MacArthur's career exemplified strategic audacity and administrative innovation but was marked by persistent tensions over authority, including criticisms of overconfidence in intelligence assessments during Korea that underestimated Chinese intervention risks.^[4]^[3] His legacy endures as a symbol of decisive wartime command, tempered by debates over the balance between military initiative and political oversight in democratic systems.

People

Military leaders

Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880–April 5, 1964) served as a United States Army general who commanded Allied forces in the Southwest Pacific Area during World War II, directing operations that included the implementation of the island-hopping strategy to bypass heavily fortified Japanese positions and advance toward the Philippines and Japan.^[5] His forces recaptured key territories such as Guadalcanal, New Guinea, and the Philippines, culminating in the liberation of Manila in early 1945. Following Japan's surrender on September 2, 1945, MacArthur was appointed Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, overseeing the occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1951 and implementing reforms that demilitarized the nation and established a democratic constitution.^[2] In the Korean War, he led United Nations Command forces starting in 1950, executing the amphibious Inchon landing on September 15, 1950, which reversed North Korean advances despite high risks from tidal extremes and narrow channels that drew objections from the Joint Chiefs of Staff.^[6]^[7] This operation enabled the recapture of Seoul and a push toward the Yalu River, but MacArthur's advocacy for expanding the war into China conflicted with President Truman's policy of limited war, leading to his relief from command on April 11, 1951.^[8]^[3] Arthur MacArthur Jr. (June 14, 1845–September 5, 1912), father of Douglas MacArthur, was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor on November 30, 1890, for capturing the regimental colors and advancing under fire at the Battle of Missionary Ridge on November 25, 1863.^[9] Promoted through the ranks, he served in the Spanish-American War and subsequent Philippine-American War, commanding U.S. forces in the Philippines from 1899 to 1901 and capturing insurgent leader Emilio Aguinaldo in 1901, which contributed to suppressing the Philippine insurgency.^[10] As Military Governor-General of the Philippines from 1900 to 1901, he enforced U.S. authority amid ongoing resistance but clashed with civilian authorities over policy, leading to his recall.

Religious leaders

John Fullerton MacArthur Jr. (June 19, 1939 – July 14, 2025) was an American evangelical pastor, theologian, author, and broadcaster whose ministry emphasized systematic, verse-by-verse exposition of Scripture as the foundation for doctrinal purity and church practice.^[11] He served as pastor-teacher of Grace Community Church, a non-denominational congregation in Sun Valley, California, from February 1969 until his death, during which time the church grew from a few hundred to over 10,000 members through consistent biblical preaching and rejection of contemporary cultural accommodations in worship.^[12] MacArthur authored more than 150 books, including multi-volume commentaries covering the entire New Testament, which have sold millions of copies and influenced generations of pastors and lay believers committed to Reformed soteriology and cessationist pneumatology. His critiques targeted perceived dilutions of evangelical orthodoxy, such as easy-believism in soteriology and experiential excesses in charismatic movements, arguing from first-hand scriptural exegesis that true faith demands lordship submission to Christ rather than mere assent. In 2020, MacArthur exemplified his commitment to congregational autonomy by defying California government mandates restricting religious gatherings amid the COVID-19 pandemic, asserting that civil authorities lack jurisdiction over divine commands to assemble for worship as outlined in Hebrews 10:25 and Acts 5:29.^[13] Grace Community Church continued in-person services without masks or social distancing, facing threats of fines and lawsuits totaling over $800,000, yet no closures were enforced, and attendance surged as members prioritized ecclesiastical obedience over state edicts.^[14] This stance, rooted in historical precedents of Christian civil disobedience under tyrannical overreach, contrasted with many denominations' compliance and highlighted empirical outcomes: the church reported no disproportionate outbreaks among attendees compared to broader California data, while reinforcing its growth trajectory.^[15] MacArthur also shaped theological education as president of The Master's College (later University) from 1985 to 2019 and chancellor thereafter, establishing it as a center for biblically integrated liberal arts and seminary training that produced thousands of graduates serving in pastoral roles worldwide.^[16] His broadcast ministry, Grace to You, distributed sermons via radio, podcasts, and digital platforms reaching an estimated daily audience of millions, with archived teachings exceeding 3,000 hours focused on expository preaching. MacArthur died from complications of pneumonia at a Santa Clarita hospital at age 86, leaving a legacy of institutional endurance evidenced by Grace Community Church's sustained operations under interim leadership and The Master's institutions' ongoing accreditation and enrollment stability post-2025.^[17] Few other individuals surnamed MacArthur have achieved comparable verifiable influence in evangelical leadership; his father, Jack MacArthur (1914–2001), served as a pastor in Southern Baptist circles but lacked the scale of doctrinal output or institutional founding attributed to John.^[11]

Other notable individuals

Robert Helmer MacArthur (April 7, 1930 – November 1, 1972) was a Canadian-born American ecologist who advanced theoretical ecology through mathematical modeling integrated with empirical observations.^[18] Educated at Yale University, where he earned a Ph.D. in 1957 under G. Evelyn Hutchinson, MacArthur developed the "broken-stick" model in 1957 to describe species abundance distributions in communities, demonstrating how random niche division predicts evenness in resource use among coexisting species.^[18] His 1958 analysis of niche overlap in five warbler species on Spruce Knob, West Virginia, quantified resource partitioning via foraging behaviors, earning the Ecological Society of America's Mercer Award and illustrating competitive coexistence without exclusion.^[18] In collaboration with E. O. Wilson, MacArthur co-authored The Theory of Island Biogeography in 1967, proposing an equilibrium model where species number on islands stabilizes as immigration rates decline and extinction rates rise with area and isolation, validated through data on Florida Keys arthropods and influencing habitat fragmentation studies.^[18] His 1972 book Geographical Ecology: Patterns in the Distribution of Species compiled quantitative patterns in latitudinal diversity gradients and clade areas, using statistical regressions on bird and tree data to test hypotheses like Rapoport's rule.^[18] MacArthur's work bridged population dynamics, genetics, and community structure, founding modern evolutionary ecology and enabling predictive models for biodiversity under environmental change.^[18] John Donald MacArthur (1897 – January 6, 1978) was an American entrepreneur whose innovations in direct-mail insurance sales created one of the largest private fortunes in U.S. history.^[19] Starting as an insurance salesman, he sold over $1 million in policies by age 19 through cost-cutting tactics like eliminating agents' commissions.^[20] In 1928, he acquired Marquette Life Insurance Company; by 1935, he purchased Bankers Life and Casualty for $2,500, growing its assets from $1 million in 1940 to $1 billion by 1977 via mass-market policies targeting middle-income buyers.^[19] At his death, Bankers Life held $5.5 billion in insurance in force, served 3 million policyholders, and employed over 5,000 agents, making it the nation's largest privately owned insurer.^[19] MacArthur expanded into real estate during the 1960s, acquiring 100,000 acres in Florida—including undeveloped tracts in Palm Beach and Martin counties—and developing communities like Palm Beach Gardens with residential, commercial, and recreational infrastructure.^[19] His holdings extended to hotels, shopping centers, media outlets, and 19 Manhattan buildings, diversifying revenue streams beyond insurance premiums.^[19] Ranked among America's three richest men, MacArthur's self-made wealth stemmed from operational efficiencies, such as automated underwriting and bulk mailing, which reduced costs and scaled customer acquisition nationwide.^[19]

Places

In the United States

MacArthur Park in Los Angeles, California, originally established as Westlake Park in the 1880s, was renamed on May 7, 1942, to honor General Douglas MacArthur amid World War II efforts to commemorate his leadership.^[21] The renaming was advocated by newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, reflecting post-Pearl Harbor sentiment to elevate MacArthur's status as a Pacific theater commander.^[22] Spanning 35 acres in the Westlake neighborhood, the park features a central lake and boathouse, serving as a public recreation space tied to early 20th-century urban expansion in Los Angeles.^[22] MacArthur Boulevard in Washington, D.C., formerly known as Conduit Road due to its proximity to the Washington Aqueduct built in the 1850s, was renamed in 1942 by an act of Congress signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to recognize MacArthur's wartime contributions.^[23] The road runs through the Palisades neighborhood, providing access to federal facilities and the Potomac River, with a bike path added in 1975 for recreational use.^[24] In Oakland, California, MacArthur Boulevard traces a historic route once part of U.S. Route 50, renamed post-World War II to commemorate the general's role in Allied victories. The adjacent MacArthur BART station, opened on September 11, 1972, serves as a major transit hub in the Temescal district, handling over 3,800 daily entries and facilitating transfers across Bay Area Rapid Transit lines.^[25] Recent developments include the MacArthur BART Transit Village, a mixed-use project approved in the 2010s to promote density around the station with housing and retail, aligning with ongoing infrastructure enhancements as of 2025.^[26] The Long Island MacArthur Airport in Islip, New York, constructed in 1942 on town-owned land during World War II as a military airfield, was later renamed in honor of the general to reflect his aviation and Pacific command legacy.^[27] Covering 1,311 acres with three runways, it transitioned to commercial operations in 1960, serving regional flights and emphasizing Long Island's aviation history.^[27] The MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk, Virginia, established in the former city hall building following the general's death on April 11, 1964, houses his tomb in the rotunda alongside exhibits on his military career from World War I through Korea.^[28] Norfolk's selection stemmed from its connection to MacArthur's mother, Mary Pinkney Hardy, whose family home was there, transforming the site into a research center for his archives and artifacts.^[29] The memorial, spanning four buildings in MacArthur Square, opened to the public in 1966 as a postwar tribute to his strategic decisions, including the island-hopping campaign.^[28] Other commemorations include Gen. Douglas MacArthur Park in New York City, acquired by the city in 1942 and named for the general to honor his early career and family ties to Arkansas barracks where he was born.^[30] These namings, concentrated in the 1940s, underscore widespread U.S. recognition of MacArthur's role in defeating Japanese forces, predating controversies over his Korean War relief in 1951.

In Australia

Following the fall of the Philippines, General Douglas MacArthur arrived in Australia on 17 March 1942, establishing Allied command for the Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA) from the continent as a base for counteroffensives against Japanese forces.^[31] On 20 March 1942, while en route by train from Alice Springs to Melbourne, MacArthur stopped at Terowie railway station in South Australia, where he delivered his famous "I shall return" pledge to reporters, signaling resolve to reclaim lost territories; the site, now marked by a memorial cairn, underscores Australia's role as a logistical staging point during early wartime relocation.^[31] MacArthur relocated his SWPA headquarters to Brisbane, Queensland, on 20 July 1942, selecting the nine-story Australian Mutual Provident (AMP) Society building at 229 Queen Street (corner of Edward Street) for its central location and infrastructure suitability.^[32] Constructed between 1931 and 1934 as the AMP's Queensland offices, the structure housed MacArthur's general headquarters from 1942 to 1944, facilitating strategic planning, signals intelligence via the attached Central Bureau, and coordination of supply lines supporting campaigns in New Guinea and beyond; upper floors accommodated key staff, while the basement retained AMP operations.^[32] ^[33] The AMP building, heritage-listed since 1992 and renamed MacArthur Chambers, now operates as the MacArthur Museum Brisbane, preserving artifacts from the SWPA era, including recreated offices and documents detailing logistical buildup of over one million U.S. troops in Australia by 1944.^[34] Brisbane's transformation into a major Allied hub under MacArthur's oversight involved documented enhancements to ports, airfields, and rail networks, enabling the projection of forces northward without reliance on unverified local anecdotes.^[32] No other Australian sites rival Brisbane's centrality to SWPA operations, though transient accommodations like Lennons Hotel in George Street briefly quartered senior officers during initial setup.^[35]

In other countries

The MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park in Palo, Leyte, Philippines, commemorates General Douglas MacArthur's amphibious landing on Red Beach on October 20, 1944, marking the fulfillment of his 1942 pledge to return to the islands following the Allied victory in the Battle of Leyte Gulf.^[36]^[37] The site, located in Barangay Candahug approximately 5 kilometers south of Palo's provincial capital, covers 6.78 hectares of coastal plain and includes bronze statues depicting MacArthur wading ashore alongside President Sergio Osmeña and American and Filipino soldiers.^[38]^[39] Designated a national park, it preserves the historical landing area and serves as a focal point for annual commemorations tied to World War II liberation efforts.^[40] Several municipalities in the Philippines bear names honoring MacArthur, reflecting post-war recognition of his role in the Pacific campaign. MacArthur, Leyte, is a fifth-class coastal municipality in Leyte province with a 2020 population of 21,578 across 57.57 square kilometers.^[41]^[42] General MacArthur, Eastern Samar, is another fifth-class municipality in Eastern Samar province, recording 14,550 residents in the 2015 census over 117.29 square kilometers of land, including coastal areas.^[43]^[44] The MacArthur Highway, a 685-kilometer primary route in Luzon officially designated as the Manila North Road, extends from Caloocan in Metro Manila northward to Aparri in Cagayan province and derives its common name from the general's wartime leadership and infrastructure influences during the American colonial and liberation periods.^[45] This two-to-six-lane highway facilitated key military movements and post-war development in northern Luzon.^[46]

Organizations and institutions

Philanthropic foundations

The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, established in 1978 following the death of insurance magnate John D. MacArthur, operates as a private grant-making entity with assets exceeding $8 billion and has disbursed over $8.27 billion in grants across diverse fields including arts, sciences, and public policy.^[47] Its flagship MacArthur Fellows Program, informally termed "genius grants," awards $800,000 over five years without restrictions to recognize exceptional creativity, with the 2025 class of 22 fellows announced on October 8, including recipients addressing topics such as atmospheric science and urban inequities.^[48]^[49] While the foundation funds empirical challenges like nuclear policy and climate adaptation, analyses of its grant patterns reveal a tilt toward initiatives aligned with progressive priorities, such as over $30 million allocated from 2012 to 2016 to left-leaning advocacy groups under its "American Democracy" project, potentially prioritizing ideological advocacy over strictly evidence-based outcomes amid broader institutional biases in philanthropy toward social reform agendas.^[50]^[51] The Ellen MacArthur Foundation, founded in 2010 as a UK-registered charity, concentrates on advancing circular economy principles to minimize waste and resource depletion, particularly in plastics, textiles, and built environments, through collaborations with businesses, governments, and academia emphasizing design-driven elimination of pollution and material recirculation.^[52]^[53] Its Global Commitment initiative, uniting over 1,000 signatories, tracks measurable progress via annual reports; the 2024 edition documents reductions in virgin plastic use among participants—averaging 4% year-over-year declines in some sectors—alongside advancements in reusable packaging models, though overall efforts lag 2025 targets for waste diversion and recycled content integration, highlighting the empirical challenges in scaling systemic shifts without overreliance on unproven regulatory interventions.^[54]^[55] This focus on quantifiable metrics, such as prevented plastic leakage and emissions savings, contrasts with less data-centric philanthropic trends, underscoring causal pathways from material flows to environmental impact.^[56]^[57]

Educational and research institutions

The Master's University and Seminary is a private Christian institution in Santa Clarita, California, founded in 1927 as Los Angeles Baptist College and reoriented under John MacArthur's presidency starting in 1985 toward rigorous exposition of Scripture and doctrinal fidelity, including the principle of biblical inerrancy.^[58] MacArthur, who served as president until 2018 and chancellor thereafter until his death on July 14, 2025, emphasized training students in uncompromised evangelical theology, with curricula integrating biblical studies across disciplines like business, education, and sciences.^[59] Following MacArthur's passing from pneumonia at age 86, leadership transitioned to President Abner Chou, who has continued oversight amid the institution's focus on Christ-centered education.^[60]^[61] The university maintains approximately 1,200 traditional undergraduate students on campus, with total enrollment exceeding 3,200 across undergraduate, graduate, and seminary programs as of 2025, including over 400 new undergraduates welcomed in fall 2025 from more than 30 states and 25 countries.^[62]^[63] Class sizes average 20 students, facilitating close mentorship in a student-faculty ratio supporting pastoral and academic preparation.^[62] The affiliated Master's Seminary, established in 1986, offers graduate degrees in theology and ministry, producing outputs such as the semi-annual Master's Seminary Journal, which disseminates peer-reviewed articles on biblical exegesis, systematic theology, and church history to equip pastors and scholars.^[64] These publications, archived and distributed to support doctrinal precision, underscore the seminary's contributions to evangelical scholarship, with theses and dissertations accessible via institutional repositories for advanced biblical research.^[65]^[66] Assessment of intellectual contributions reveals a targeted emphasis on theological rigor over broad empirical sciences, yielding measurable outcomes in ministry placement—over 90% of graduates enter vocational Christian service—though enrollment remains modest compared to secular peers, reflecting selective admissions prioritizing confessional alignment.^[67] This model prioritizes causal links between scriptural authority and practical discipleship, evidenced by sustained growth in program completions, with 475 degrees awarded in 2023 across fields.^[68]

Other organizations

Grace Community Church, a non-denominational evangelical church in Sun Valley, California, was founded in 1956 and led by pastor John MacArthur from 1969 until his death on July 14, 2025.^[69] The church emphasizes expository preaching through verse-by-verse Bible teaching, with MacArthur delivering over 3,000 sermons during his tenure.^[11] In 2020, amid California government orders restricting indoor gatherings to combat COVID-19, the church defied mandates by resuming in-person services on July 26, citing religious freedom and civil disobedience principles rooted in Acts 5:29, while arguing that compliance would violate scriptural commands to assemble.^[13] Attendance rebounded rapidly, drawing approximately 3,000 worshippers on the first Sunday of reopening and maintaining levels comparable to pre-pandemic figures of around 8,000 weekly, even as infections occurred among members, demonstrating sustained congregational support over regulatory adherence.^[70]^[71]^[72] The General MacArthur Honor Guard, established in May 1945 during World War II, comprised select U.S. Army personnel tasked with securing the general's headquarters and personal residence in the Philippines and Japan, continuing service to Douglas MacArthur and his family until his death in 1964.^[73] Postwar, surviving members formed informal associations to preserve their legacy, focusing on commemorating MacArthur's leadership in the Pacific theater and fostering veteran camaraderie through reunions and historical documentation.^[74] These groups highlight MacArthur's strategic decisions, such as the island-hopping campaign, without affiliation to broader philanthropic or educational entities.^[73]

Arts, entertainment, and media

Films and television

The 1977 American biographical war film MacArthur, directed by Joseph Sargent and starring Gregory Peck in the title role, chronicles General Douglas MacArthur's career from the 1942 evacuation of the Philippines amid Japanese invasion through his oversight of the postwar occupation of Japan and relief from command during the Korean War on April 11, 1951. The production recreates key events, including MacArthur's dramatic PT boat escape from Corregidor on March 11, 1942, and his fulfillment of the "I shall return" pledge with landings at Leyte on October 20, 1944, drawing on declassified military records for operational timelines but amplifying personal dialogues for cinematic effect.^[75] While avoiding major factual distortions in battle sequences, such as the Inchon amphibious assault on September 15, 1950—which leveraged high tides and reversed North Korean gains per Joint Chiefs assessments—the film portrays MacArthur's ego and clashes with President Truman in a balanced manner, contrasting with primary sources like his Reminiscences (1964) that emphasize strategic autonomy over interpersonal friction.^[76] Other cinematic treatments include the 1981 film Inchon, with Laurence Olivier as MacArthur, which centers on the titular Korean War operation but incorporates unsubstantiated fictional subplots involving espionage and civilian intrigue, diverging from after-action reports documenting the assault's reliance on naval gunfire and Marine divisions against fortified positions.^[77] The 2012 drama Emperor, featuring Tommy Lee Jones, examines MacArthur's 1945-1946 decisions on Emperor Hirohito's status during Japan's surrender, adhering more closely to occupation directives that preserved imperial continuity to stabilize governance, though it simplifies bureaucratic deliberations evidenced in State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee memos.^[78] Television documentaries provide more archival fidelity. The PBS American Experience episode MacArthur (aired May 17, 1999) utilizes declassified footage and interviews to trace his Pacific campaigns, including the 1944-1945 island-hopping that bypassed strongholds like Rabaul, prioritizing empirical logistics over heroic narrative.^[79] Earlier, the U.S. Army's The Big Picture series episode "The General Douglas MacArthur Story" (1957), narrated by Walter Cronkite, highlighted World War II returns using newsreels, aligning with operational orders from General Headquarters Southwest Pacific Area.^[80] The 1985 miniseries American Caesar covers his life from Philippine service to Inchon, sourcing from William Manchester's biography but critiqued for condensing controversies like the 1942 Bataan Death March aftermath, where MacArthur's absence drew scrutiny in congressional inquiries absent from the script. No major network retrospectives emerged in 2024, though 2025 Marine Corps videos for Inchon's 75th anniversary recount participant accounts, reaffirming the landing's causal role in recapturing Seoul by September 28, 1950, per Eighth Army dispatches.^[81]

Music

"MacArthur Park", composed by Jimmy Webb and first released by Richard Harris in 1968, peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three weeks in June and July.^[82] The song's lyrics evoke themes of lost love symbolized by the Los Angeles park of the same name, which was renamed from Westlake Park in 1942 to honor General Douglas MacArthur at the urging of publisher William Randolph Hearst.^[22] Its unconventional seven-minute length and orchestral arrangement marked it as a psychedelic pop outlier, influencing subsequent covers including Donna Summer's 1978 disco rendition, which reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks.^[83] The World War I-era British soldiers' ballad "Old Soldiers Never Die" gained renewed prominence through General MacArthur's April 19, 1951, farewell address to Congress, where he quoted its refrain: "Old soldiers never die; they just fade away."^[84] Vaughn Monroe's 1951 recording, incorporating MacArthur's speech elements, entered the Billboard charts and peaked at number 11 on the Best Sellers list, reflecting public sentiment amid his relief from command in the Korean War.^[84] An earlier tribute version by Herb Jeffries, released the same year, underscored the phrase's cultural resonance as a nod to military valor and retirement.^[85] Cal Smith's 1976 country single "MacArthur's Hand" charted modestly on the Billboard Hot Country Songs at number 25, with lyrics alluding to a decisive "hand" evoking the general's strategic legacy in a narrative of personal triumph.^[86] No dedicated military marches or anthems tied to MacArthur's commands appear in historical service records or musical archives.

Literature and other media

William Manchester's American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur 1880-1964, published in 1978, offers a detailed biography portraying MacArthur as a military genius whose strategic brilliance in the Pacific theater during World War II, including the island-hopping campaign from Guadalcanal to the Philippines, was marred by personal hubris, particularly evident in his 1950 decision to advance toward the Yalu River in Korea despite intelligence warnings of Chinese intervention, leading to heavy casualties and his eventual relief by President Truman on April 11, 1951.^[87]^[88] The work critiques MacArthur's egotism and paranoia, drawing on primary sources like personal correspondence and military records to argue that his causal misjudgments in Korea stemmed from overconfidence in his own strategic intuition rather than empirical adaptation to emerging threats, though it acknowledges his effective leadership in earlier victories such as the recapture of Leyte Gulf on October 20, 1944.^[89] Arthur Herman's Douglas MacArthur: American Warrior (2016) provides a comprehensive reevaluation, emphasizing MacArthur's early engineering expertise—gained from graduating first in his West Point class of 1903 and serving as chief engineer in the Division of the Pacific by July 1905— which informed practical innovations like fortified defenses on Corregidor that delayed Japanese advances in 1942.^[90]^[91] Herman argues, based on archival documents, that this technical foundation contributed to MacArthur's logistical successes in orchestrating supply lines across Southwest Pacific campaigns, countering narratives of mere theatricality by highlighting data-driven decisions that reduced operational failures compared to contemporaneous European theater metrics.^[92] Recent scholarship, such as James P. Duffy's War at the End of the World: Douglas MacArthur and the Forgotten Fight for New Guinea, 1942-1945 (2023), reevaluates MacArthur's New Guinea strategy through declassified Allied intelligence reports, crediting amphibious leaps that captured 100,000 square miles by mid-1944 while critiquing delays attributable to inter-Allied coordination frictions rather than individual overreach.^[93] On post-war reforms, analyses like those in Engelsberg Ideas (September 3, 2025) detail MacArthur's role as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) in implementing Japan's 1946-1947 land reform, which redistributed 6 million acres from absentee landlords to tenant farmers via decree on December 9, 1946, fostering economic stability that boosted agricultural output by 50% within five years, though some economists attribute long-term success more to market liberalization than top-down fiat.^[94] These works prioritize causal chains from policy actions to verifiable outcomes, such as reduced rural inequality metrics, over hagiographic accounts.^[95] MacArthur's own Reminiscences (1964), dictated shortly before his death on April 5, 1964, defends his Korean advance as a necessary push to unify the peninsula under non-communist rule, citing U.S. troop commitments of 326,863 by November 1950, but lacks external corroboration for claims of minimal Chinese risk, inviting scrutiny for self-justification amid documented intelligence divergences.^[96] Multi-volume treatments like D. Clayton James's The Years of MacArthur (1970-1985) integrate engineering-era dispatches with later operational logs to assess decision causality, concluding that while MacArthur's 1944-1945 Philippines liberation involved 1.2 million troops and halved Japanese air strength, persistent command insubordination patterns eroded allied cohesion.^[97]

Sports

Teams and venues

Macarthur FC, a professional association football club in Australia's A-League, was established in 2019 and began competing in the 2020–21 season, representing the Macarthur region of southwestern Sydney.^[98] The team, known as the Bulls, plays home matches at Campbelltown Stadium and draws from a local fanbase tied to the region's post-World War II development.^[99] In the United States, athletic programs at public high schools named MacArthur field competitive teams across multiple sports. MacArthur High School in Levittown, New York, supports interscholastic squads in badminton, baseball, basketball, bowling, football, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis, and track and field, participating in Section VIII of the New York State Public High School Athletic Association.^[100] MacArthur Stadium in Syracuse, New York, functioned as a baseball venue from its opening in 1934 until demolition in 1997, hosting International League games for the Syracuse Chiefs after a 1942 renaming to honor General Douglas MacArthur. The facility accommodated minor league crowds during its operational peak, underscoring its role in regional professional sports before replacement by modern ballparks.^[101]^[102]

Competitions and events

The MacArthur Bowl is the National Football Foundation's annual award for the NCAA Division I college football national champion, named in honor of General Douglas MacArthur for his lifelong promotion of athletics as essential to character development and national preparedness.^[103] First presented in 1959, the trophy—a stylized replica of a football stadium with engravings for up to 100 champion teams—recognizes the top team based on performance metrics including win-loss records, strength of schedule, and postseason outcomes, often aligning with College Football Playoff results.^[104] Recent recipients include Ohio State University for the 2024 season after a 34-23 victory over Notre Dame in the championship game, marking their fourth such honor.^[105] Alabama holds the record with seven awards, reflecting empirical dominance in seasons like 2009, 1992, 1961, 1978, and 1979.^[106] At the United States Military Academy at West Point, the Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup annually honors the outstanding athletic team of the year, selected by the Black Knight Awards committee based on criteria such as conference standings, individual achievements, and contributions to team success.^[107] Established by the Class of 1970 to commemorate MacArthur's legacy as a West Point superintendent who expanded intercollegiate sports programs, the award has recognized teams across sports including men's swimming and diving in 2024-25 for their first Patriot League title and men's lacrosse in prior years.^[108] Endowed to support Army athletics, it underscores MacArthur's philosophy that competitive sports build discipline and morale, with winners determined through data-driven evaluations of seasonal performance.^[109]

Other uses

Military terms and operations

Leapfrogging, also known as island-hopping, refers to an amphibious military strategy of bypassing heavily fortified enemy positions to seize less-defended objectives farther in the rear, thereby isolating and neutralizing bypassed forces through blockade and air superiority rather than direct assault.^[110] This approach minimized casualties and resources by avoiding prolonged engagements on every island, focusing instead on key staging points for advances toward the enemy's home territory. In the Southwest Pacific Area under General Douglas MacArthur's command, leapfrogging was implemented from 1943 onward, beginning with operations like the seizure of Lae and Finschhafen in New Guinea during the Cartwheel campaign in September 1943, which bypassed stronger Japanese concentrations.^[111] By 1944-1945, this tactic enabled MacArthur's forces to advance through the Philippines, capturing Leyte on October 20, 1944, and Luzon in January 1945, while isolating garrisons on bypassed islands such as Rabaul, which surrendered in September 1945 without direct attack.^[111] The Bonus Army eviction of July 28, 1932, was a domestic military operation ordered by President Herbert Hoover to clear approximately 10,000 World War I veterans and their families from federal property in Washington, D.C., where they had encamped since May 1932 to protest economic hardship during the Great Depression and demand immediate cash payment of 1945 service bonuses valued at $1,000 per veteran.^[112] General MacArthur, as Army Chief of Staff, personally directed about 600 infantry troops, cavalry, and six tanks in the clearance, which extended beyond initial orders for federal buildings to dismantle the main Hooverville camp on Anacostia Flats, resulting in the destruction of makeshift shelters by fire and the dispersal of protesters with tear gas and bayonets.^[113] The operation caused two confirmed deaths—including one veteran shot while fleeing—and dozens of injuries among the marchers, who numbered up to 43,000 at peak including supporters, amid a context of widespread unemployment exceeding 25% nationally.^[114] After-action assessments by the Army justified the action as necessary to prevent perceived communist agitation within the ranks, though it drew criticism for disproportionate force against impoverished ex-servicemen.^[113]

Brands, products, and infrastructure

Missouri Meerschaum Company manufactures corncob tobacco pipes under the MacArthur brand, including the MacArthur Classic Natural Bent and 5-Star models, designed to emulate the custom pipes ordered by General Douglas MacArthur during World War II.^[115]^[116] These pipes utilize corn cob for the bowl, which provides natural insulation against overheating, paired with acrylic stems for lightweight durability; the deep bowl capacity supports extended smoking sessions, aligning with MacArthur's preference for robust, inexpensive construction over briar alternatives.^[115] The company, based in Missouri, has produced these since the general's era, with ongoing commercial availability demonstrating sustained market demand for historically inspired smoking accessories.^[116] Replica apparel and headwear evoking MacArthur's image, such as field caps, shirts, and trucker hats featuring his corncob pipe, sunglasses, and uniform motifs, are sold by online retailers like eBay and Etsy, often as novelty or historical reenactment items without centralized trademark protection.^[117]^[118] These products cater to military history enthusiasts, with sales reflecting niche appeal rather than broad commercial scale. Infrastructure named for MacArthur includes the Douglas MacArthur Bridge in Detroit, a 1923 bascule span over the Detroit River measuring approximately 2,030 feet long, engineered for heavy vehicular loads and periodic lift operations to accommodate maritime traffic, with a 1984-1986 reconstruction extending its service life to over a century.^[119] The MacArthur Lock at the St. Marys Falls Canal in Michigan, completed in 1943 amid wartime urgency, features an 80-foot width and 800-foot length to handle large ore freighters, boosting Great Lakes shipping throughput by enabling safer passage of vessels up to 1,000 feet long compared to prior locks.^[120] In Oakland, California, the MacArthur Smart City Corridor initiative targets upgrades along MacArthur Boulevard, incorporating intelligent traffic signals, intersection enhancements, and AC Transit bus stop modifications to optimize flow and reduce congestion in a high-volume urban artery.^[121] These improvements emphasize data-driven engineering for multimodal efficiency, though as of 2025, related East Oakland areas face challenges like unmanaged encampments impacting boulevard maintenance.^[122]

References

[1]
General of the Army Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, on 26 January 1880. He graduated first in his class from the United States Military Academy in 1903.Missing: biography key facts
[2]
MacArthur, Douglas - Naval History and Heritage Command
Douglas MacArthur was born in Arkansas on 26 January 1880, the son of Army Captain Arthur MacArthur. Graduating from the US Military Academy in 1903.Missing: key | Show results with:key
[3]
The Firing of MacArthur | Harry S. Truman
He made a controversial move, however, when he continued to push the North Koreans further north and suggested bombing cities in China that were thought to be ...Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[4]
Douglas MacArthur - National Museum of the United States Army
A recipient of the Medal of Honor and 17 other medals, he distinguished himself as a talented, brave, and able military commander. Although a controversial ...Missing: key | Show results with:key
[5]
[PDF] General MacArthur's Strategic Success During the Early Months of ...
Many military professionals regard General of the Army Douglas MacArthur as a very polarizing figure in military history, from his strategic use of maneuver to ...
[6]
Korean War - History - Inchon Landing (Operation Chromite)
Sep 16, 2025 · MacArthur's plan was to advance from Inchon to capture the nearby air base at Kimpo, and then liberate the NKPA-occupied South Korean capital ...Missing: hopping strategy controversies sources
[7]
[PDF] The Inchon Landing: An Example of Brilliant Generalship - DTIC
Jul 4, 2003 · The. Inchon Landing's success required a commander like General MacArthur who could gain the cooperation and coordination of the Army, Navy, ...
[8]
The Beginning of the End: MacArthur in Korea - Pieces of History
Jul 8, 2011 · The final command in an illustrious career, MacArthur's tenure in Korea led to a controversial feud with President Harry Truman and ultimately his dismissal.
[9]
Arthur MacArthur Jr | U.S. Civil War | U.S. Army
U.S. Army First Lieutenant & Adjutant Arthur MacArthur Jr was presented the Medal of Honor for military valor during the U.S. Civil War.Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[10]
Beyond the Battle: Arthur MacArthur, Jr. | American Battlefield Trust
He campaigned against Geronimo on the frontier in 1885 and orchestrated the capture of Filipino strongman Emilio Aguinaldo in 1901, effectively ending the ...Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[11]
John MacArthur | Grace Community Church
John MacArthur is the pastor-teacher of Grace Community Church, as well as an author, conference speaker, chancellor of The Master's University and Seminary.
[12]
History - Grace Community Church
John MacArthur assumed the pastorate of Grace in February 1969. Prior to this, John had been assistant pastor in the church his father led in Burbank; he had ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
[13]
Facing COVID-19 Without Fear | Grace Community Church
Sep 21, 2021 · Intense disagreements have swirled among evangelicals since March 2020 regarding how the church should respond to government-mandated COVID ...Missing: resistance | Show results with:resistance
[14]
John MacArthur, respected pastor who defied Covid lockdowns, dies ...
Jul 15, 2025 · John MacArthur, the California-based Bible teacher, pastor and author known for his polarizing theological stances and defiance of Covid-19 ...
[15]
John MacArthur Called Greatest Expositor of His Time
He and Grace Community Church made national headlines when he and his church refused to comply with government's COVID-19 orders and restrictions. The church ...
[16]
John MacArthur | - TMS
John MacArthur (1939–2025) served as chancellor of The Master's University and Seminary; pastor-teacher of Grace Community Church in Sun Valley, California; ...
[17]
Rev. John MacArthur, influential evangelical pastor of Grace ...
Jul 16, 2025 · MacArthur's death was announced on the website of Grace Community Church in Sun Valley. He had recently contracted pneumonia, according to the ...
[18]
[PDF] Robert MacArthur - National Academy of Sciences
It is his distinction to have brought pop- ulation and community ecology within the reach of genetics. By reformulating many of the parameters of ecology, bio-.
[19]
About John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur
John Donald MacArthur (1897-1978) was one of the three wealthiest men in America at the time of his death, and was sole owner of the nation's largest privately ...
[20]
The Accessible Billionaire's Legacy - MacArthur Foundation
Mar 6, 2018 · At just 19, John sold more than $1 million in insurance in one year. In 1928, MacArthur purchased his first insurance company, Marquette ...Missing: achievements | Show results with:achievements
[21]
Park renamed for Gen. MacArthur - Los Angeles Times
May 7, 2006 · May 7, 1942: The Los Angeles Park Commission renamed Westlake Park in honor of Gen. Douglas MacArthur. The decision to rename the park, ...<|separator|>
[22]
MacArthur Park - LA Conservancy
In 1942, the name was changed to MacArthur Park for Army General Douglas MacArthur, through the influence of newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst ...
[23]
From a Street's Name, a Lesson in History - The Washington Post
Apr 3, 2002 · MacArthur Boulevard, in Palisades, was named in 1942, before victory in the war was certain. More From D.C., Md. & Va.
[24]
The Fascinating Story Behind the Renaming of MacArthur Blvd.
May 14, 2014 · used to be called Conduit Rd. You probably also know that it was named for General Douglas MacArthur, the famous World War II general.
[25]
MacArthur Boulevard - Wikipedia
MacArthur Boulevard in Oakland, California, a major boulevard in Oakland and a historical portion of U.S. Route 50 in California, part of which was renamed ...<|separator|>
[26]
MacArthur | Bay Area Rapid Transit - BART
MacArthur Station is a major BART transfer point near the commercial heart of Temescal, one of north Oakland's oldest neighborhoods.
[27]
MacArthur BART Transit Village | City of Oakland, CA
The MacArthur Transit Village is a mixed-use, multi-phased transit-oriented development located at the MacArthur BART Station.
[28]
Our Story - Macarthur Airport
Originally named Islip Airport, it would later be renamed to MacArthur Airport, in honor of World War II General Douglas MacArthur.
[29]
MacArthur Memorial, VA - Official Website | Official Website
The MacArthur Memorial is a museum and research center dedicated to preserving and presenting the story of the life of General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.Hours & AdmissionWhy Norfolk?MuseumOfficial WebsiteVisit
[30]
Why Norfolk? | MacArthur Memorial, VA - Official Website
MacArthur's connection to the city was simple. Norfolk was the hometown of his mother Mary Pinkney Hardy and the site of the Hardy family home Riveredge.
[31]
Gen. Douglas MacArthur Park Highlights - NYC Parks
This park is named for General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), an important, if controversial, figure in American military history.Missing: places | Show results with:places
[32]
Australia under attack: General Douglas MacArthur
Nov 26, 2019 · He was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in the South-West Pacific Area and was soon to establish his headquarters in Brisbane.
[33]
MacArthur Chambers | Anzac Square & Memorial Galleries
On 20 July 1942 General MacArthur moved his Headquarters 800 miles closer to the combat zone, re-establishing it at Brisbane. The nine-story AMP Building in ...
[34]
MacArthur Chambers | Environment, land and water
MacArthur Chambers has a significant role in Australian and Queensland history as the Headquarters of the Allied Forces in the South-West Pacific during the ...
[35]
MacArthur Museum Brisbane – Discover the story of Brisbane at War
MacArthur Museum looks behind the front lines of the Second World War. Discover the role Brisbane played from 1939 – 1945 by visiting the Museum.Visiting · Brisbane at War · General MacArthur · MacArthur Documentary
[36]
Southwest Pacific Area - in the AMP Building, Queen Street, Brisbane
Many of MacArthur's most senior officers from his General Headquarters Southwest Pacific Area (GHQ, SWPA) also lived in Lennons Hotel in George Street.
[37]
MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park (Official GANP Park Page)
MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park is located on the eastern side of central Philippines. It is in the municipality of Palo located in the province of ...
[38]
Leyte Gulf - Red Beach- MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park
The MacArthur Landing site sits on a 6.78 hectares (16.8 acres) coastal plain in the barangay of Candahug, some 5 kilometers south of Leyte's provincial capital ...
[39]
MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park - Official Website
The Park is located at Brgy. Candahug, Palo, Leyte which is three (3) kilometers away from the town proper. FULFILLMENT OF A PROMISE. by Aaron J.P. Almadro.
[40]
Leyte Landing Memorial - History and Facts
Nov 24, 2020 · The Leyte Landing Memorial is located at the very place where General Douglas MacArthur led American liberation troops onto Red Beach in Palo in the ...
[41]
Information about Macarthur Landing National Memorial Park
MacArthur Landing Memorial National Park, located in Palo, Leyte, stands as a poignant reminder of a pivotal moment in Philippine history.
[42]
MacArthur, Leyte Profile - PhilAtlas
MacArthur is a coastal municipality in the province of Leyte. The municipality has a land area of 57.57 square kilometers or 22.23 square miles.
[43]
RESULTS: Macarthur, Leyte election 2025
Macarthur is a 5th-class municipality in the Philippines. It is part of Leyte in Eastern Visayas, located in the Visayas. It has a population of 21,578 as ...
[44]
General MacArthur, Eastern Samar Profile - PhilAtlas
General MacArthur is a coastal municipality in the province of Eastern Samar. The municipality has a land area of 117.29 square kilometers or 45.29 square ...
[45]
General MacArthur | Province of Eastern Samar
General MacArthur. General MacArthur is a fifth class municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, ...
[46]
The MacArthur Highway and Other Relics of American Empire in the ...
The MacArthur Highway and Other Relics of American Empire in the Philippines is an absorbing look at how American military intervention and colonial rule have ...
[47]
[PDF] other relics of american - empire in the philippines - CSU ePress
THE MACARTHUR HIGHWAY &. OTHER RELICS OF AMERICAN. EMPIRE IN THE PHILIPPINES. JOSEPH P. MCCALLUS.
[48]
MacArthur Foundation - Wikipedia
It has awarded more than US$8.27 billion since its first grants in 1978. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation ...
[49]
Our History - MacArthur Foundation
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur were quiet philanthropists in their lifetime, giving primarily to organizations in cities where they lived: Chicago and Palm ...
[50]
MacArthur Fellows
The MacArthur Fellowship is an $800,000, no-strings-attached award to extraordinarily talented and creative individuals as an investment in their potential.About · Choreography and Dance · 3-D Visual Art · Class of 2024
[51]
MacArthur Foundation Announces 2025 'Genius Grant' Winners
Oct 8, 2025 · Since 1981, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation has awarded the no-strings-attached fellowship to 1,153 people. The class ...
[52]
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation - InfluenceWatch
One of Roderick MacArthur's earliest initiatives was the MacArthur Fellows Program, nicknamed “Genius Grants” by the media. With the first grants in 1981, the ...Missing: date | Show results with:date
[53]
The MacArthur Foundation - Bias and Credibility
Mar 13, 2024 · We rate the MacArthur Foundation as Left-Center biased due to its support for initiatives that align with progressive values.Missing: criticisms | Show results with:criticisms
[54]
About us: Our timeline | Ellen MacArthur Foundation
Our timeline showcases our history and key milestones in accelerating the transition to a circular economy. Photo of Ellen. November 2004 - February 2005 ...
[55]
Ellen MacArthur Foundation | World Economic Forum
The Ellen MacArthur Foundation was established in 2010 with the aim of accelerating the transition to the circular economy. Since its creation, the charity ...
[56]
The Global Commitment 2024 - Ellen MacArthur Foundation
Nov 18, 2024 · This sixth annual progress report looks at how the signatories are faring against these targets and key lessons learned along the way.
[57]
[PDF] The-Global-Commitment-2024-Progress-Report.pdf
This report has been compiled by the Ellen MacArthur. Foundation, with input from the UN Environment Programme in relation to the government signatories. The ...
[58]
EMF global commitment signatories make progress on recycled ...
Nov 18, 2024 · The Ellen MacArthur Foundation's global commitment progress report notes that reusable packaging “remains niche.”
[59]
Ellen MacArthur report: Less plastic used last year
Nov 20, 2024 · The Ellen MacArthur Foundation's 2023 report indicated a year-over-year decrease in both virgin and overall plastic use from signatory companies.<|separator|>
[60]
About - The Master's University
John MacArthur, the pastor-teacher of Grace Community Church and voice of Grace to You media ministry, became president of The Master's University in 1985. He ...John MacArthur · Doctrinal Statement · Board of Directors · Statistics and Rankings
[61]
John MacArthur - The Master's University
Dr. John MacArthur became President of The Master's University in 1985 and was the longest-serving president of the college.
[62]
Dr. John MacArthur (1939-2025) - The Master's University
To tens of thousands of students, he was the beloved president and chancellor of The Master's University. To thousands of graduates of The Master's Seminary, he ...
[63]
Longtime TMU president dies after illness - Santa Clarita Valley Signal
Jul 14, 2025 · Grace Community Church and The Master's University announced Monday evening that Pastor John MacArthur, leader of TMU for the past 40 years, has died. He was ...
[64]
Statistics and Rankings - The Master's University
1,200+ Traditional Undergraduate Students on Campus. 3,200+ Total TMUS Students. Class Size: Average of 20 students per class across all levels. Academic ...
[65]
TMU Set To Welcome Another 400+ Incoming Class
Aug 13, 2025 · TMU is welcoming over 400 new students, arriving on Aug 23, from over 30 states, 25 countries, and 300 churches, united in their convictions.
[66]
The Master's Seminary Journal | - TMS
Published semi-annually, The Master's Seminary Journal serves pastor-theologians charged to lead, feed, and guard their local churches.Journal Archive · Print Edition · Library Catalog
[67]
TMS
A focused opportunity in advanced biblical scholarship, the Master of Theology equips you for leadership in pastoral ministry, pastoral training, and academia.Find a Church · Academics Overview · Faculty · The Master’s Seminary JournalMissing: output | Show results with:output
[68]
https://datausa.io/profile/university/the-masters-university-and-seminary
[69]
Educational Effectiveness | - TMS
The Master's Seminary offers graduate-level biblical, theological, and professional education designed to equip men for effectiveness in Christian ministry.
[70]
The Master's University and Seminary - Data USA
In 2023, 475 degrees were awarded across all undergraduate and graduate programs at The Master's University and Seminary. 34.3% of these degrees were ...
[71]
The Memorial Service for John MacArthur - Grace to You
Aug 23, 2025 · On July 14, Pastor John MacArthur's faith became sight, as he entered into the eternal presence of his Savior. He had been dealing with some ...
[72]
Pastor John MacArthur Reveals Why His Church Is Defying COVID ...
Aug 10, 2020 · And thousands of people have flooded back to the pews since Grace Community Church re-opened, with around 3,000 attending the first weekend and ...
[73]
Grace Community Church pastor John MacArthur holds service in ...
Aug 16, 2020 · Grace Community Church held indoor services Sunday in defiance ... church, where Sunday attendance has in pre-pandemic years topped 8,000.
[74]
L.A. pastor mocks COVID-19 rules as church members fall ill
Nov 8, 2020 · Grace Community Church's attendance has not suffered, even as a third major wave of infections looms and outbreaks of the disease continue to be ...
[75]
General MacArthur's Honor Guard
The Honor Guard was formed in May 1945 for the purpose of guarding General MacArthur's headquarters and residence, and served the General and his family until ...
[76]
General MacArthur's Honor Guard
This site is dedicated to the men who served, and loved General Douglas MacArthur. The best of the best were chosen to be in General MacArthur's personal Honor ...Missing: organizations | Show results with:organizations
[77]
MacArthur (1977) - The War Movie Buff
Feb 7, 2022 · The plot contains no egregious historical errors. It is surprisingly balanced on the question of whether MacArthur was a demagogue or a hero.
[78]
MacArthur (Jerry Goldsmith) - Filmtracks
By all accounts, the historical figure was fairly represented in the film, exploring both MacArthur's egotistical side and the U.S. government's careful watch ...
[79]
The Inchon Landing On the Big Screen — In Pyongyang, Seoul, and ...
Sep 15, 2020 · Here is a look at four films about the Inchon Landing. Spoiler alert: various plot points of these films are discussed below. Inchon. A ...
[80]
Hollywood Looks At Pivotal Moment In Postwar Japan | TIME.com
Mar 7, 2013 · The movie stars Academy Award-winner Tommy Lee Jones as Gen. Douglas MacArthur, who was charged with deciding Hirohito's fate in the frantic weeks following ...
[81]
Watch MacArthur | American Experience | Official Site - PBS
May 17, 1999 · MacArthur is a compelling portrait of a complex man from producer Austin Hoyt (Reagan) and co-producer Sarah Holt. Drawing on archival footage ...
[82]
"The General Douglas Macarthur Story" - Narrated by Walter Cronkite
Apr 12, 2020 · Narrated by Walter Cronkite, this 1957 special episode of "The Big Picture" profiles one of the greatest generals of the 20th Century, ...
[83]
https://www.stereogum.com/2069326/the-number-ones-donna-summers-macarthur-park/columns/the-number-ones/
[84]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6JtT-wgHT0
[85]
The Number Ones: Donna Summer's “MacArthur Park” - Stereogum
Jan 10, 2020 · “MacArthur Park” is a song about romantic resilience, about knowing that you'll be able to make it through a tough period.
[86]
1951 HITS ARCHIVE: Old Soldiers Never Die - Vaughn Monroe
May 18, 2019 · ... MacArthur, relieving him of his commands in the Far East. On April ... song “old soldiers never die, they just fade away.” With his ...
[87]
Douglas MacArthur Tribute - Old Soldiers Never Die (1951), Herb ...
Jun 29, 2009 · Douglas MacArthur Tribute - Old Soldiers Never Die (1951), Herb Jeffries, vocalist · Comments.
[88]
[PDF] July 17, 1976 - World Radio History
Jul 17, 1976 · L - Lyrics written by a Canadian. 150 reps at A&M L.A. annual ... (4) MacArthur's Hand -Cal Smith. 25 (12) Solitary Man-T.G.Sheppard. 17 ...
[89]
A Brilliant but Flawed Conqueror - The New York Times
Nov 12, 1978 · ... William Manchester's “American Caesar” will please the truest MacArthurphobe. The book emphasizes MacArthur's staggering egotism “paranoia ...Missing: critique | Show results with:critique
[90]
AMERICAN CAESAR - Kirkus Reviews
7-day returnsAmerican Caesar, no less: from the title onward, Manchester has produced a biography of MacArthur so grandiose and so singleminded as to satisfy even the giant ...Missing: critique | Show results with:critique
[91]
American Caesar: Douglas Macarthur, 1880-1964 | Foreign Affairs
Jun 1, 1979 · Ideologues of the Right will find the portrait too disparaging and those of the Left, too flattering. That is the price the author pays for ...Missing: critique | Show results with:critique
[92]
Amazon.com: Douglas MacArthur: American Warrior
A comprehensive biography of Douglas MacArthur, the controversial military leader who shaped U.S. foreign policy, led American forces through three wars, and ...
[93]
Historical Vignette 115 - Douglas MacArthur as an Army Engineer
In 1906 MacArthur graduated from the Engineer School of Application at Washington Barracks and briefly served as aide-de-camp to President Theodore Roosevelt.Missing: background literature
[94]
Douglas MacArthur by Arthur Herman - Penguin Random House
A new, definitive life of an American icon, the visionary general who led American forces through three wars and foresaw his nation's great geopolitical...
[95]
Douglas MacArthur and the Forgotten Fight for New Guinea, 1942 ...
War at the End of the World : Douglas MacArthur and the Forgotten Fight for New Guinea, 1942-1945 by James P. Duffy (2023, Trade Paperback).
[96]
General MacArthur, maker of postwar Japan - Engelsberg Ideas
Sep 3, 2025 · In rural Japan, he orchestrated a land reform that, in both scope and speed, rivalled the most radical agrarian revolutions of the 20th century.
[97]
General Douglas MacArthur: Supreme Public Administrator of Post ...
Abstract: This article examines General Douglas MacArthur's six years as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in post—World War II Japan.
[98]
https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37572733/new-league-team-macarthur-fc-confirm-name-club-colours
[99]
Popular Douglas Macarthur Books - Goodreads
Popular Douglas Macarthur Books · The Years of MacArthur: Triumph and Disaster: 1945-1964 D. Clayton James · Old Soldiers Never Die: The Life of Douglas MacArthur ...
[100]
New A-League team Macarthur FC confirm name and club colours
May 15, 2019 · The A-League's new club for the 2020-21 season will be called Macarthur FC. The announcement was made on Wednesday, with the name decided on after extensive ...
[101]
Macarthur FC | Official Macarthur FC Home Page
The official home page of Macarthur. Keep up to date with news, fixtures, results, highlights & more. Get tickets & become a member today.Academy Teams · Macarthur FC Foundation · Auckland vs Macarthur · About Us
[102]
About MacArthur High School - Levittown Public Schools
They include badminton, baseball, basketball (boys and girls) bowling, football, lacrosse (boys and girls), soccer (boys and girls), softball, tennis, track and ...
[103]
MacArthur Stadium - BR Bullpen - Baseball-Reference.com
Mar 3, 2022 · MacArthur Stadium was the home of the Syracuse Stars, later named the Syracuse Chiefs, in the International League from 1934 to 1996.Missing: arena | Show results with:arena
[104]
This Month in History: Municipal Stadium Renamed MacArthur ...
In March of 1942, Syracuse's Municipal Stadium was renamed Douglas MacArthur Stadium after the famous World War II general. The stadium was built in 1934 ...Missing: arena sports<|control11|><|separator|>
[105]
MacArthur Bowl - National Football Foundation
Jul 31, 2018 · The MacArthur Bowl, established in 1959, is given to the national champion, representing the pinnacle of college sports, and named after ...
[106]
Saban's Teams Immortalized on Historic MacArthur Bowl for a ...
Jan 14, 2021 · The names of his teams now appear on the fabled NFF MacArthur Bowl National Championship Trophy for a record seven times. The NFF has presented ...
[107]
The Ohio State University Recognized as 2024 NFF MacArthur Bowl ...
Jan 21, 2025 · The National Football Foundation (NFF) & College Hall of Fame today recognized Ohio State (14-2) as the recipient of the 2024 NFF MacArthur Bowl National ...Missing: NCAA | Show results with:NCAA
[108]
MacArthur Trophy Claimed by Alabama - National Football Foundation
Jan 12, 2010 · The National Football Foundation & College Football Hall of Fame (NFF) today presented the MacArthur Trophy to the Alabama Crimson Tide (14-0)
[109]
Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup - West Point - Army Athletics
Feb 4, 2025 · The Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup Award for Athletics is presented to the team of the year as determined by the Black Knight Awards committee.
[110]
Army Athletics Celebrate 2024-25 Black Knight Awards Presented ...
Aug 19, 2025 · The Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup Award for Athletics (Team of the Year) was awarded to Men's Swimming & Diving. The men claimed their first ...
[111]
Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup Award for Athletics Endowment
SPECIAL CHALLENGE: During the West Point Challenge, anonymous donors from E4 and I4 will match, dollar-for-dollar, gifts to the Class of 1970 MacArthur Cup ...
[112]
The Pacific Strategy in World War II: Lessons for China's Antiaccess ...
”21 What soon became known as island-hopping or leapfrogging is sometimes misunderstood as frontal attacks on heavily fortified island positions; in fact, this ...
[113]
The Pacific Strategy, 1941-1944 | The National WWII Museum
In addition to hopping from one less-defended island to another, the Allies' Pacific strategy developed another key feature: soldiers, sailors, and US Marines ...
[114]
Bonus Marchers evicted by U.S. Army | July 28, 1932 - History.com
On July 28, President Herbert Hoover ordered the army to evict them forcibly. General MacArthur's men set their camps on fire, and the veterans were driven from ...Missing: operation | Show results with:operation
[115]
Eisenhower, Patton and MacArthur and the stain of the 'Bonus Army'
Jul 28, 2025 · Douglas MacArthur watched a brigade of steel-helmeted soldiers precisely align themselves in a straight four-column phalanx, bayonets ...
[116]
The Senate and the Bonus Expeditionary Force of 1932
Nov 9, 2023 · After Congress adjourned in July 1932, President Hoover ordered U.S. Army general Douglas MacArthur to evict the BEF from the city. Troops set ...Missing: operation | Show results with:operation
[117]
MacArthur Classic Natural Bent Corn Cob Pipe - CornCobPipe.com
The MacArthur Classic Natural Corn Cob Pipe from Missouri Meerschaum is a large pipe similar to the iconic pipe smoked by General Douglas MacArthur himself.
[118]
Missouri Meerschaum - MacArthur 5-Star Corn Cob Tobacco Pipe
Brand: Missouri Meerschaum. Material: Corn Cob. Color: Natural. Stem Material: Acrylic. Shape: Straight. Exterior Finish: Rusticated.
[119]
General Douglas MacArthur Uniform Corncob Pipe WW2 WWII ...
General Douglas MacArthur Uniform Corncob Pipe WW2 WWII Color photo - I10109 ; Condition. New ; Quantity. 5 sold. More than 10 available ; Item number.
[120]
World War II Shirt General Douglas Macarthur 1948 Presidential ...
World War II Shirt General Douglas MacArthur 1948 Presidential Election Political Write In Campaign Button Tshirt Corncob Pipe Sunglasses ... Hats & Head ...
[121]
Douglas MacArthur Bridge - Historic Detroit
A $11.5 million reconstruction of the bridge began in February 1984, the first major maintenance in its lifetime. It was rededicated Dec. 16, 1986. A much-loved ...Missing: infrastructure | Show results with:infrastructure
[122]
Building the MacArthur Lock | Northern Michigan History
The new lock would be named The MacArthur Lock after General Douglas MacArthur. The project had to move fast—this was wartime, and delays weren't an option.
[123]
MacArthur Smart City Corridor | City of Oakland, CA
Along with upgrades to signals, intersections, and other transportation improvements, there will be changes to AC Transit bus stops along MacArthur Boulevard.
[124]
East Oakland homeless encampment on MacArthur Boulevard ...
Aug 9, 2025 · East Oakland homeless encampment on MacArthur Boulevard raises health, safety concerns. By Amanda Hari. Updated on: August 9, 2025 / ...