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Messenger

Look up [[messenger]] or ''Messenger'' in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ''Messenger'' may refer to:
  • Messenger (software), a Meta Platforms messaging service also known as Facebook Messenger
  • Messenger RNA, a type of RNA involved in protein synthesis
For other uses, see the sections below.

Individuals

Real people

Herbert Henry "Dally" Messenger (12 April 1883 – 24 November 1959) was an Australian rugby league pioneer and one of the sport's earliest professional stars. Born in Balmain, New South Wales, he began his career in rugby union with the Eastern Suburbs club in 1905 before switching to the nascent rugby league code in 1907, where he played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs and New South Wales representative team. Messenger captained Australia's inaugural Kangaroos tour to England in 1908–09, scoring 146 points in 16 matches and earning acclaim for his innovative playmaking and goal-kicking, which helped legitimize the professional game amid schisms from union. Inducted as the first rugby league Immortal in 1981, his legacy includes popularizing open-style rugby and contributing to the sport's growth in Australia. General Sir Gordon Kenneth Messenger (born 15 April 1962) is a retired British officer who rose to the highest ranks of the armed forces. Commissioned in 1983, he served in operational roles including the , , and , where he commanded and earned the with Bar for leadership in intense combat. From 2016 to 2019, he acted as Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff, overseeing policy and operations across the military, and later became Constable of the Tower of London in 2022, a ceremonial role held by senior officers. Messenger's contributions include advancing tactics and promoting diversity in the forces during his tenure. Melinda Jane Messenger (born 23 February 1971) is an English media personality who transitioned from modeling to television presenting. Raised in , , she gained prominence in the 1990s as a glamour model for tabloids like before hosting shows such as (2002–2007) and Melinda Messenger's Coast to Coast on . Her work extended to lifestyle programming, including property and travel series, and she later qualified as a psychotherapist, founding a practice focused on well-being and dream guidance. Messenger's career highlights her shift from entertainment to advocacy for awareness. Shannon Messenger (born 1981) is an American author specializing in young adult fantasy. A graduate of the University of Southern California’s School of Cinematic Arts, she debuted with the Sky Fall trilogy in 2011 before achieving international success with the Keeper of the Lost Cities series, starting in 2012, which has sold over 7 million copies as of 2024 and topped the New York Times bestseller list. The series, published by Aladdin (Simon & Schuster), follows a telepathic girl in a hidden elven world and has won awards like the California Young Reader Medal for its imaginative world-building and themes of identity. Messenger's contributions include inspiring young readers through intricate plots and relatable protagonists.

Fictional characters

In , Hermes serves as the primary messenger of the gods, renowned for his speed and cunning, often depicted wearing and a broad-brimmed hat while carrying a staff entwined with serpents. Born to and the on Mount Cyllene, he emerges fully formed and immediately demonstrates his nature by inventing the and stealing Apollo's cattle on the day of his birth, as detailed in the Homeric Hymn to Hermes. His role extends beyond communication to guiding souls of the dead to the as a and protecting travelers, boundaries, and commerce, making him a multifaceted figure whose youthful, agile form symbolizes transition and ingenuity in classical literature. Iris, another key messenger deity in , functions as the swift herald of the gods, particularly for , and personifies the rainbow as a bridge between heaven and earth. Daughter of the sea god and the cloud nymph Electra, she travels on winds or rainbows to deliver urgent divine commands, often appearing in epic poetry like Homer's to relay messages during pivotal moments in the . Her significance lies in her role as a loyal intermediary who embodies the ephemeral beauty and reliability of natural phenomena, contrasting Hermes' mischievous versatility with her more dutiful, ethereal presence in mythological narratives. In Lois Lowry's dystopian novel (2004), the protagonist Matty emerges as a vital message-bearer in the isolated Village community, where he fearlessly navigates the treacherous to transport letters, goods, and people between settlements. Orphaned and raised by the blind Seer, Matty's origins root him in a valuing welcoming outsiders, but his repeated journeys reveal growing dangers as the Forest becomes hostile, testing his resilience and uncovering his innate gift. Throughout the narrative, Matty's arc culminates in a sacrificial quest to unite Villages and restore balance, underscoring themes of selflessness and the perils of societal complacency in a world scarred by past traumas. Markus Zusak's I Am the Messenger (2005) features Ed Kennedy, an unassuming 19-year-old cab driver who transforms into an unwitting courier after foiling a and receiving anonymous playing cards marked with addresses. These messages propel Ed into delivering subtle interventions—ranging from exposing secrets to fostering connections—that profoundly alter the lives of strangers, friends, and family, forcing him to confront his own mediocrity and isolation. Ed's journey highlights his evolution from a directionless young man to a purposeful agent of change, emphasizing through quiet acts of in an ordinary suburb. In the 2018 video game The Messenger, the protagonist is an unnamed ninja known as "the Messenger," tasked with delivering a scroll across feudal Japan and future worlds in a platformer that shifts from 8-bit to 16-bit styles, facing demons and time-travel challenges.

Science and technology

Biology and chemistry

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid molecule that serves as an intermediary in gene expression by carrying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis. Discovered in 1961 by François Jacob and Jacques Monod, mRNA was identified as the unstable RNA fraction that transmits genetic instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, enabling the regulated synthesis of enzymes in bacteria. The process begins with transcription, where RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes (or RNA polymerase in prokaryotes) synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template in the nucleus, producing a primary transcript that is processed into mature mRNA through capping, polyadenylation, and splicing to remove introns. This mature mRNA is then exported to the cytoplasm, where it undergoes translation at ribosomes: transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules match codons on the mRNA to corresponding amino acids, forming polypeptide chains that fold into functional proteins, as outlined in Francis Crick's central dogma of molecular biology. In biological systems, chemical messengers facilitate intercellular communication by transmitting signals between cells to coordinate physiological responses. Hormones, such as insulin produced by pancreatic beta cells, act as endocrine messengers that travel through the bloodstream to distant target cells, binding to receptors to regulate and metabolism. Neurotransmitters, including released at synapses, serve as rapid chemical signals in the , binding to receptors on postsynaptic neurons or muscle cells to propagate action potentials or induce contractions, such as at the . Cytokines, small proteins secreted by immune cells like T lymphocytes, function as paracrine or autocrine messengers to modulate inflammation and immune responses, for instance, interleukin-1 promoting fever and acute-phase reactions during . Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules that amplify extracellular signals received by cell surface receptors, enabling diverse cellular responses without the first messenger entering the cell. (), discovered by Earl Sutherland in 1958, exemplifies this class; it is generated from ATP by and diffuses within the to activate , which phosphorylates targets to alter , , or activity. In pathways, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate this process: binding induces a conformational change in the receptor, activating a by exchanging GDP for GTP on the Gα subunit, which then stimulates to produce , as elucidated by Martin Rodbell and Alfred Gilman in the 1970s. This mechanism underlies responses to hormones like epinephrine, where mediates breakdown in liver cells, highlighting the role of second messengers in integrating and propagating signals for .

Computing and communications

Instant messaging emerged as a key form of real-time digital communication in the late 20th century, beginning with the Internet Relay Chat (IRC) protocol developed in 1988 by Jarkko Oikarinen at the University of Oulu in Finland to enable group discussions on early internet networks. IRC facilitated text-based chats in channels, laying the groundwork for multi-user online interactions without proprietary restrictions. The field advanced significantly in 1996 with the launch of by the Israeli company Mirabilis, marking the first widely adopted cross-platform client that allowed users to connect via unique numerical IDs for chats. This paved the way for graphical user interfaces in messaging, shifting from terminal-based systems like IRC to more accessible desktop applications. In 1998, Jeremie Miller introduced the Jabber project, which evolved into the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP), an designed as a decentralized alternative to proprietary services, enabling federation across servers for presence indication and message exchange. These protocols, including IRC's client-server model and XMPP's XML-based extensibility, influenced modern apps by prioritizing interoperability and scalability in communications software. Notable modern examples include Facebook Messenger (2011), a cross-platform app by Meta Platforms with approximately 942 million monthly active users as of February 2025, which supports end-to-end encryption using the Signal Protocol—initially optional from 2016 and default for personal chats and calls beginning in December 2023. Microsoft Messenger, originally MSN Messenger and rebranded Windows Live Messenger, was discontinued worldwide in March 2013 to consolidate services under Skype, migrating over 100 million users. In contrast, Signal Messenger, launched in 2014 by the non-profit Signal Foundation, emphasizes privacy as a core principle with default end-to-end encryption for all messages, calls, and media using its proprietary Signal Protocol, minimal metadata collection, and open-source code to prevent surveillance. Signal's features, such as disappearing messages and username-based connections without phone number exposure, have made it a preferred tool for secure communications among journalists, activists, and privacy advocates. In and contexts, protocols like Message Queuing Telemetry Transport () enable efficient machine-to-machine messaging, functioning as a lightweight publish-subscribe system over TCP/IP for low-bandwidth environments. Developed originally in for communications and standardized by in 2014, MQTT allows devices to publish data to topics via a central broker, which subscribers receive asynchronously, supporting scalable applications such as remote monitoring without persistent connections.

Space exploration

The (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging) , launched by on August 3, 2004, aboard a Delta II rocket from Air Force Station, , marked the first dedicated to orbiting Mercury. The probe's primary objectives included characterizing Mercury's , , and to understand the planet's formation and evolution in the solar system. After a 6.5-year journey involving gravity assists from , , and Mercury, the achieved orbital insertion around Mercury on March 18, 2011, beginning a year-long primary that was extended twice. Equipped with a suite of seven instruments, including the Spectrometer (XRS), conducted detailed of Mercury's surface and environment. The XRS, consisting of three gas-filled detectors and a silicon detector, measured X-ray emissions in the 1–10 keV range to map elemental abundances such as magnesium, aluminum, , sulfur, calcium, , and iron across the planet's crust. Other key instruments included the Gamma-Ray and Neutron Spectrometer for subsurface composition analysis, the for measurements, and the Mercury Dual Imaging System for high-resolution surface imaging. MESSENGER's observations revealed groundbreaking insights into Mercury's polar regions, confirming the presence of water ice and possibly organic compounds in permanently shadowed craters, preserved due to the absence of solar heating. The mission mapped over 99% of Mercury's surface, identifying vast volcanic plains and tectonic features that reshaped understandings of the planet's geological history. Magnetic field data indicated a weak, globally distributed field generated by an internal dynamo in Mercury's core, offset from the planet's center. Surface composition analysis showed unexpectedly high levels of volatile elements like sulfur and potassium, alongside low iron content (approximately 1–2 wt%), contrasting with expectations for a highly reduced body and suggesting a unique formation history involving volatile retention. The mission concluded on April 30, 2015, with a controlled impact into Mercury's surface at about 3.9 km/s, creating a small crater and ensuring no contamination of pristine sites.

Transportation

Vehicles

Several vessels and aircraft bearing the name Messenger have served in military capacities, primarily as courier or liaison platforms in naval and air forces. In the Royal Navy, HMS Messenger (1694) was a 6-gun advice boat constructed at Dockyard and launched that year for dispatch and scouting duties during the . She measured approximately 50 feet in length with a burthen of 35 tons and was commanded by officers including John Guy. The vessel foundered in the Atlantic Ocean in 1701 after a storm during routine operations, with no survivors reported. Another ship, Messenger (1830), was a wooden-hulled paddle originally built as the merchant Duke of York by Benjamin Wallis at Blackwall Yard in 1824, with a displacement of 912 tons and builders' measure of 733 tons. Purchased by the in 1830 for £18,500 and renamed, she was commissioned under William Frederick Lapidge for experimental trials and coastal packet services, marking an early adoption of in the fleet. During her service, she transported from Rodney to in 1840 and was commanded by Benjamin Aplin from 1830 to 1832 for Mediterranean and home waters duties. Decommissioned and sold out of service in 1861, she represented a transitional in naval . The operated Messenger, a brig purchased on 16 November 1861 at , for use in the Civil War's Stone Fleet to obstruct Confederate ports. Measuring 200 tons and armed lightly for her brief role, she was loaded with stone and towed to sea, then sunk on 20 January 1862 off to block access, contributing to the Union's strategy. No further service followed her . A more prominent American vessel was the cargo ship SS Messenger (built under Maritime Commission contract), laid down on 5 August 1942 by Moore Dry Dock Company in , and launched on 11 November 1942 as part of the U.S. Maritime Commission's . Acquired by the on 30 June 1943 and converted into an attack transport, she was commissioned as USS Sheridan (APA-51) on 31 July 1943, displacing 13,910 tons (full load) with a length of 459 feet (140 m) and capacity for 1,500 troops plus . Serving in the Pacific Theater during , she participated in amphibious assaults at Tarawa and Makin Island (, November 1943), Kwajalein (, January–February 1944), Saipan and Guam (Marianas, June–July 1944), Leyte (, October 1944), and Okinawa (April–June 1945), earning six battle stars for transporting troops, equipment, and acting as a temporary . , she supported the and for repatriating servicemen before decommissioning on 5 March 1946 at , and being struck from the Naval Register on 12 April 1946. Sold commercially on 24 October 1947, she operated until scrapped in 1969 following storm damage. In , the Verville-Sperry M-1 Messenger was a single-seat developed in 1920 by the U.S. Air Service's Engineering Division at McCook Field, , to serve as a lightweight courier aircraft replacing motorcycles for battlefield dispatches. Designed by Alfred V. Verville with input from , it featured a 20-foot wingspan, 17-foot-9-inch length, wood-and-fabric construction, and a 60-horsepower , achieving a top speed of 97 mph and stall speed low enough for short-field operations on roads or unprepared surfaces. A total of 42 were produced by the Sperry Aircraft Company in , from 1921 onward, with early models used for testing automatic stabilization () devices, aerial refueling hooks (first demonstrated hooking to a dirigible in 1922), and radio communications. The type saw limited frontline use in the Army Air Service for mail runs and but gained fame through Sperry's demonstrations, including a 1921 landing on the U.S. Capitol plaza. Production ended by 1925, with most aircraft scrapped or lost in accidents, including Sperry's fatal ditching in the in 1923 during a sales flight. The British Miles M.38 Messenger was a four-seat, low-wing liaison aircraft designed by Miles Aircraft in 1942 to meet Army Air Corps Specification 14/42 for short-range communications and observation in forward areas, emphasizing short takeoff and landing () capabilities with full-span flaperons. Powered by a 145-horsepower engine, it had a 35-foot-9-inch wingspan, empty weight of 1,550 pounds, and cruising speed of 120 mph, allowing operations from rough fields. The Royal Air Force ordered 80 examples starting in late 1943, with the first deliveries in 1944 for use by squadrons like No. 125 Liaison Squadron in North-West Europe, including VIP transport for Field Marshal during the Normandy campaign, where RD333 served as his personal aircraft for staff shuttles. Additional variants like the Messenger 1A (military) and 2A (civil post-war) followed, but military service focused on duties through 1945, with some exported postwar. Most were decommissioned by war's end, though a few survived in civilian roles.

Services and routes

No notable services or routes named Messenger identified.

Literature and publishing

Literary works

"" is a 2004 dystopian young adult novel by , serving as the third installment in , following "" (1993) and "" (2000). Set in a utopian village that welcomes outsiders, the story centers on Matty, an orphaned teenager who works as a messenger, delivering items through the perilous Forest to other communities. As the village leader, , debates closing borders to newcomers, Matty discovers his supernatural ability to perceive the true essence of living beings and undertakes a dangerous journey to rescue , a blind girl with artistic gifts from "," before the borders seal permanently. The novel explores themes of personal choice, the cost of community isolation, and self-sacrifice, culminating in Matty's transformative act that reshapes the world around him. "The Messenger," published in 2002 by Australian author (released as "I Am the Messenger" in the United States in 2005 by ), is a blending and coming-of-age elements. The protagonist, 19-year-old cab driver Ed Kennedy, lives an unremarkable life in a suburb until he foils a , earning unexpected fame. Soon after, Ed receives anonymous playing cards marked with addresses, compelling him to intervene in the lives of strangers—delivering messages of justice, kindness, or confrontation—and forcing him to confront his own moral shortcomings and relationships. Through these missions, the narrative delves into themes of ordinary heroism, ethical dilemmas, and the redemptive power of small acts, as Ed grapples with the mysterious force guiding him toward personal growth. In poetry, references messengers as symbols of divine comfort and urgent warning. In "Footsteps of Angels" (1839), from his collection "Voices of the Night," a spectral "messenger divine" appears at dusk to soothe the speaker's grief, embodying lost loved ones who return as gentle, saint-like presences to offer solace amid life's weariness. Similarly, "" (1860) portrays silversmith as a midnight messenger galloping through to alert colonial of British troop movements on April 18, 1775, emphasizing themes of vigilance, , and the transmission of liberty's call in the face of tyranny. These works highlight messengers as conduits for emotional or historical revelation, bridging the mortal and the transcendent.

Periodicals

Several newspapers and magazines bear the name Messenger, serving local communities, specialized fields, or historical audiences with news, analysis, and cultural content. These publications span regional reporting in the United States and , as well as scientific in astronomy and early 20th-century African American advocacy. The Athens Messenger is a longstanding newspaper based in Athens, Ohio, United States, focusing on local news, sports, and community events in Athens County. Established in 1848, it evolved from weekly to daily publication by 1904 and currently appears three days a week (Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday). Its circulation stood between 8,000 and 11,999 copies as of 2019, reflecting its role as a key source for regional coverage, including historical retrospectives and awards for journalistic excellence from the Ohio Associated Press. In , Messenger Newspapers operates as a group of free suburban weeklies covering the Adelaide metropolitan area, emphasizing hyperlocal stories on developments, events, and suburban issues. Founded in 1951 by Baynes in , the network expanded rapidly, reaching delivery to 250,000 homes by 1962 and incorporating multiple editions like the Guardian Messenger and Weekly Times Messenger. Individual titles had reported circulations in pre-2020 audits, though print distribution ceased in 2020 due to the , shifting focus to digital platforms under . The Messenger, published by the (ESO), is a dedicated to astronomy and , bridging ESO's research with the global astronomical community through articles on telescope advancements, observational discoveries, and technological innovations. Launched in May 1974, it initially appeared quarterly and now issues twice annually, with 194 editions as of 2025 covering topics like detections and instrument developments at ESO facilities. Distributed electronically to astronomers worldwide, it has no traditional circulation metric but serves as a primary outlet for ESO updates and peer-reviewed overviews. The Messenger (1917–1928) was a pioneering African American political and literary magazine based in , advocating for , , and cultural expression during the . Co-founded by and Chandler Owen amid World War I-era activism, it promoted radical ideas through essays, poetry, and fiction by contributors including and , positioning itself as "the only magazine of scientific radicalism published by Negroes." With a modest print run that grew from initial funding challenges to broader distribution via subscriptions and newsstands, it ceased after 108 issues due to financial pressures but remains influential for its role in early civil rights discourse.

Entertainment

Film and television

In film, The Messenger (2009) is a war drama directed by in his feature directorial debut, co-written with Alessandro Camon, and starring Ben Foster as Will Montgomery, a U.S. recently returned from who is assigned to the Casualty Notification Office alongside Captain Tony Stone, played by . The plot centers on the duo's emotionally taxing duty of informing families of military deaths, exploring themes of grief, duty, and personal trauma while avoiding overt political commentary on the . The film premiered at the in September 2009 and received critical acclaim for its performances and restraint, earning two Academy Award nominations: Best Original Screenplay for Moverman and Camon, and Best for Harrelson. Another notable film is Messenger of Death (1988), an action thriller directed by and starring as Garret Smith, a investigating the brutal massacre of a Mormon family in rural , which uncovers a corporate involving a water company attempting to incite a blood feud between rival clans to seize their land. The film blends vigilante justice with elements of mystery and religious tension, reflecting late-1980s action cinema tropes, and was produced by Cannon Films as part of Bronson's prolific output in the genre. On television, episodes titled or centered on "messenger" themes appear across series. In Star Trek: The Next Generation, the season 6 episode "Face of the Enemy" (aired February 8, 1993) features Counselor , portrayed by , kidnapped and surgically altered to appear as a Tal Shiar officer, who is coerced by Subcommander N'Vek into aiding the transport of defectors for Ambassador Spock's underground movement on , incorporating telepathic elements through Troi's Betazoid abilities to navigate and deception. The episode highlights themes of and in the franchise's ongoing exploration of politics. The 2015 CW series The Messengers is a supernatural drama that ran for one season (15 episodes), created by Eoghan O'Donnell, following five strangers—resurrected after being struck by a mysterious object—who discover they are divinely chosen as modern messengers to avert an impending by confronting demonic forces and personal demons. Starring , Jon Fletcher, JD Pardo, and others, the show drew from biblical motifs of and redemption, airing from April 17 to July 24, 2015, before cancellation due to modest ratings.

Video games

The Messenger is a 2018 action-platformer developed by the Canadian studio Sabotage Studio and published by . In the game, players control a young tasked with delivering a sacred across a cursed world to prevent a demon invasion, beginning with linear 8-bit style platforming that evolves into a non-linear 16-bit metroidvania adventure involving time travel between past and present eras. The gameplay emphasizes precise acrobatic movements, combat against supernatural foes, and exploration of interconnected worlds, with humorous dialogue and chiptune music enhancing the retro aesthetic. It received critical acclaim for its innovative structure, tight controls, and nostalgic yet fresh design, earning an aggregate score of 86 on Metacritic based on 43 reviews, and became a standout title on platforms including Nintendo Switch, Windows PC via Steam, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. An earlier game titled The Messenger, released in 2000 for Microsoft Windows and also known as Louvre: The Messenger, is a point-and-click adventure developed by index+ and Réunion des Musées Nationaux and published by . Players assume the role of agent Morgan Sinclair, who infiltrates the Museum in to retrieve four mystical artifacts called Satan's Keys, hidden by the Dark Templars to summon evil forces, using stealth, puzzle-solving, and time-travel elements across historical periods. The game features detailed 3D environments of the Louvre and mixed reviews, with a score of 61 from 14 critics, praised for its educational historical context but criticized for occasionally confusing puzzles and dated mechanics. In 2025, an independent browser-based exploration game simply titled was released for free by developer abeto, allowing players to navigate a small, watercolor-style as a delivering messages and parcels to inhabitants. The lo-fi experience focuses on relaxed traversal, social interactions, and without , emphasizing and in a compact, procedurally feel world playable directly in web browsers on desktop or mobile. Several video games incorporate messenger mechanics as core gameplay elements, such as delivering quests or items. In the Smite (2014), the playable character Mercury, the messenger god, utilizes high-mobility dashes and aerial attacks inspired by his mythological role as a swift courier. Indie RPGs like Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning (2012) feature messenger side quests where players transport urgent dispatches between factions, integrating delivery tasks into broader narratives of political intrigue. Mods for games such as introduce "Mercury Messenger" overhauls, enhancing courier systems with faster travel and lore-based deliveries tied to divine patrons.

Music

Groups and artists

We Are Messengers is a Christian contemporary rock band formed in 2015, originally from , Ireland, and based in , since the relocation of frontman Darren Mulligan and his family in 2014. Led by Mulligan on lead vocals and guitar, the band includes members such as Andrew Pickens on keys, Thaddeus Johnson on guitar, Tanner White on bass, and Kenaniah Caron on drums, blending rock anthems with introspective lyrics focused on and . Their fourth studio , Where The Joy Is, was released in April 2024, featuring the multi-week #1 single "A Thousand Times" on the Christian Airplay chart. The group has achieved significant commercial success in the genre, amassing over 616 million career streams as of mid-2025 and securing a multi-week number-one hit on the Christian Airplay chart. They have toured extensively across the and internationally, performing at major venues and festivals to promote themes of spiritual and community. Messenger, a progressive rock band from London, England, was established in 2012 as a multinational ensemble led by guitarists and vocalists Khaled Lowe and Barnaby Maddick. The quintet incorporates elements of , , and progressive traditions, drawing influences from 1970s jam rock and modern psych outfits to create expansive, atmospheric soundscapes. Early recognition came with the Limelight Award at the 2014 Progressive Music Awards and a nomination for Best New Band at the 2015 Awards, highlighting their innovative fusion of genres. The band has performed at UK prog festivals and released works that emphasize improvisational structures and thematic depth, establishing a niche following in the progressive music scene. In the realm of Christian heavy metal, Messenger emerged in 2008 in , initially as a solo project by singer and bassist Frank Clifton Herring before expanding into a full with Vlad Gurin, a former member of the Moldovan group AGNY. The act delivers and infused with evangelical messages, aiming to convey spiritual themes through aggressive riffs and powerful vocals. Active in the underground circuit, they have performed at regional venues in the Baltimore-Washington area and incorporated new members like Chris Attinella in 2023 to sustain their high-energy live shows. A earlier Christian music ensemble known as Messenger operated as a disco lounge trio in the 1970s, fronted by guitarist and vocalist Rick Riso alongside keyboardist Si Simonson and drummer Mike Feller. Their sound merged jazz-funk influences reminiscent of George Benson with contemporary Christian elements, producing material during the Jesus Music era that emphasized uplifting, groove-oriented compositions. The group contributed to the transitional phase of Christian music toward more mainstream production styles but disbanded after limited output, with Riso later pursuing solo endeavors. Bill Messenger was an American jazz pianist and educator renowned for his versatile performances across ragtime, swing, Dixieland, and modern jazz ensembles. A professor at the Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, where he also studied composition under Louis Cheslock, Messenger taught music appreciation at institutions including Towson University and the Children's Guild, sharing his deep knowledge of American musical forms through lectures and recordings. In 1983, he was voted Baltimore's best jazz pianist, reflecting his impact on the local scene, and he demonstrated his expertise by illustrating jazz history at the piano in educational series. He died in 2022.

Albums

Several albums titled Messenger or The Messenger have been released by artists across genres, spanning , , , , and . These works often explore themes of communication, personal reflection, and , reflecting the title's connotation of conveyance or proclamation. Notable examples include Luciano's reggae effort from the mid-1990s, Kurt Elling's jazz vocal showcase, Johnny Marr's guitar-driven indie rock debut, Rhett Miller's introspective solo project, and Pallas's recent progressive rock release. Luciano's , released in 1996 on Island Jamaica Records and produced by the renowned rhythm section Sly & Robbie, marked a significant step in the Jamaican singer's career as a roots reggae artist. The album features 11 tracks blending conscious lyrics with upbeat rhythms, addressing spiritual and social issues like faith and perseverance; key songs include the title track "Messenger," "," and "Mama." It received praise for its authentic sound and Luciano's emotive delivery, contributing to his rising prominence in the genre. In the jazz realm, Kurt Elling's The Messenger (1997, Blue Note Records) is a sophomore album that earned a Grammy nomination for Best Jazz Vocal Performance. Produced by Elling himself with musical director Laurence Hobgood on piano, it showcases the vocalist's innovative scat singing, vocalese, and original poetry set to jazz standards and originals, such as "Nature Boy," "April in Paris," and the expansive title track closing the record. Critics lauded its blend of tradition and experimentation, highlighting Elling's four-octave range and interpretive depth as a modern torchbearer for vocal jazz. Johnny Marr's The Messenger (2013, ) serves as the former guitarist's debut solo album, self-produced and emphasizing his signature jangly guitar work alongside lead vocals. Released to strong acclaim for its energetic sound—evoking influences with cavernous choruses and hooks—the record peaked at number 10 on the and features lead singles "The Right Thing Right" and "Upstarts," which highlight Marr's melodic songcraft and driving rhythms. Reviews noted its triumphant return to form, with standout tracks like the title song praised for their anthemic quality and Marr's confident frontman presence. Rhett Miller's The Messenger (2018, ), the frontman's seventh solo outing, was recorded over five days at The Isokon in , and produced by Sam Cohen. The album delves into personal themes of love, loss, and resilience through alt-country and lenses, with tracks like "Total Disaster," "Wheels," and "You Were a Stranger" showcasing Miller's wry lyricism and melodic hooks. It garnered positive reception for its groove-oriented production and emotional honesty, positioning it as a mature evolution in Miller's solo catalog. More recently, Scottish progressive rock band Pallas released The Messenger in December 2023 via their independent label, marking a return with original vocalist Alan Reed and a focus on conceptual storytelling amid modern production. The six-track album, running about 50 minutes, explores dystopian and societal themes through intricate compositions, highlighted by the epic title track and opener "Sign of the Times." Critics commended its blend of classic prog elements with contemporary energy, superb musicianship, and high-fidelity sound, hailing it as one of the band's strongest efforts in years.

Songs

Several notable songs titled "The Messenger" or "Messenger" have been released across various genres, often exploring themes of communication, hope, and personal revelation. "The Messenger" is a 2010 acoustic rock song by American band , serving as the closing track on their fourth studio album, . The lyrics focus on redemption and the power of love to overcome adversity, with lines like "When life leaves us blind, love, keeps us bound to the road that we must find," emphasizing spreading a message of positivity and unity. The song features minimal instrumentation, including and piano, highlighting lead vocalist Chester Bennington's raw, emotive delivery. It received praise for its introspective tone and became a staple in live performances, particularly poignant after Bennington's death in 2017, when fans sang along during concerts as a tribute. No official was released, but , such as from the 2010 , have been widely shared online. The track did not chart highly as a single but contributed to the album's success, which debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200. "Messenger" is a 1983 song by American band Wipers, from their Over the Edge. Known for its raw energy and driving rhythm, the track reflects the band's style with urgent guitar riffs and lyrics conveying a sense of urgent or . Though not a major commercial hit, it has influenced scenes and been covered by bands like , underscoring its enduring impact in circles. In the folk genre, "The Messenger" is a 2008 song by Canadian musician , the of his album The Messenger – J.P. Cormier Sings. The acoustic-driven track draws on traditional folk influences with and guitar, telling a narrative of guidance and reflection, performed live at festivals like the New Bedford Folk Festival. It exemplifies Cormier's blend of Celtic and elements, resonating with audiences for its quality. A more recent release is "The Messenger" by American singer-songwriter , issued in 2020 as part of his duets album Co-Starring, featuring and . The country-folk song explores legacy and passing on wisdom, with Hubbard's gravelly vocals over acoustic arrangements. Released amid the , it gained attention for its timely message of resilience but did not chart on major lists, instead finding appreciation in Americana circles through streaming platforms.

Other uses

Organizations and businesses

Messenger International is a non-profit Christian organization founded in 1990 by authors and ministers John Bevere and Lisa Bevere. Its mission is to develop uncompromising who transform their world by providing bold biblical truth and discipleship resources in multiple languages to reach people globally. Key activities include publishing books such as The Bait of Satan, producing podcasts like The John Bevere Podcast, offering free translated materials in over 130 languages across more than 240 countries, and hosting events to equip believers for ministry. Several courier and delivery businesses operate under names incorporating "Messenger," providing logistics and transport services primarily in local and regional markets. For example, Comet Messenger Service, Inc., established in 1976 in the , specializes in same-day deliveries, medical shipments, and nationwide freight, serving businesses with on-demand and after-hours options. Similarly, On Time Messenger Service, Inc., founded in 2004 and based in , offers time-sensitive courier solutions including legal, medical, and residential deliveries across . These firms typically focus on reliable, expedited for documents, packages, and specialized cargo, often with online tracking for efficiency. In the media sector, The Messenger was a digital news startup launched in May 2023 by Jimmy Finkelstein, former owner of The Hill. Backed by $50 million in initial funding, its mission was to deliver unbiased, centrist journalism covering politics, business, entertainment, and sports, aiming to build trust in media amid declining public confidence. The outlet rapidly expanded to employ around 300 staff but ceased operations in January 2024 after exhausting its funds, highlighting challenges in the digital news landscape.

Places and geography

Messenger Peak is an unofficial summit in the of , with an elevation of 6,019 feet (1,835 meters) above . Located at approximately 34°22'52" N, 118°11'56" W within the , it offers expansive panoramic views of the surrounding and San Gabriel Wilderness, making it a favored destination for hikers and peak baggers. The peak rises 195 feet (59 meters) above its line parent saddle at 5,820 feet (1,775 meters), connected via the and accessible via trails from nearby Mount Gleason, though it lacks maintained paths and requires off-trail navigation. Nearby, Messenger Flats serves as a recreational locale in the same forest, featuring a campground at 5,500 feet (1,676 meters) , situated at 34°22'49" N, 118°11'22" W along the . This site provides opportunities amid and woodlands, historically used for rest by long-distance hikers, and was improved post-wildfire to enhance accessibility and safety in the rugged terrain near Little Tujunga Canyon. The flats exemplify the transitional geography between the high desert and forested slopes of the , supporting diverse including bigcone Douglas-fir and contributing to watershed protection for downstream areas. Several intermittent streams named Messenger Creek traverse , reflecting the state's varied hydrology. In Santa Barbara County, one such creek originates on the northern slope of McPherson Peak in the San Rafael Mountains, extending 6 miles eastward then northward to join the Cuyama River, which flows to the via the Santa Maria River; this waterway, mapped in the early , drains chaparral-covered canyons critical for seasonal . Another in the same county rises on the southern flank of the , spanning 5 miles southward through T. 4 N., R. 25 W. to discharge into the at El Estero tidal marsh west of Carpinteria, supporting coastal ecosystems with its ephemeral flows. In County, a shorter 2-mile segment emerges in T. 1 N., R. 9 E., flowing south into Big Dalton Canyon and ultimately the San Gabriel River, underscoring the interconnected drainage patterns of the region's foothills. These creeks, documented in USGS surveys from 1906 onward, highlight the intermittent nature of many streams, influenced by patterns of wet winters and dry summers.

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