Steve Howe
Steve Howe (born 8 April 1947) is an English guitarist, singer, and songwriter best known for his tenure with the progressive rock band Yes.[1] Howe began his professional music career in 1964 at age 17, playing guitar in London-based R&B and psychedelic rock bands such as the Syndicats, Tomorrow, and Bodast.[2] He joined Yes in 1970, replacing founding guitarist Peter Banks, and contributed to the band's breakthrough albums including The Yes Album (1971), Fragile (1971), and Close to the Edge (1972), which established Yes as a cornerstone of progressive rock with his intricate, genre-blending guitar work drawing from jazz, folk, classical, and country influences.[3][4] Over his three stints with Yes spanning more than five decades, Howe has appeared on 16 of the band's 21 studio albums, including recent releases like The Quest (2021) and Mirror to the Sky (2023), and remains the longest-serving member of the classic lineup.[3] In the 1980s, he co-founded the supergroup Asia, contributing to their multi-platinum debut album Asia (1982) and hits like "Heat of the Moment," and later joined GTR (1986) and Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (1989).[5] Howe has also pursued a prolific solo career since 1979, releasing over a dozen albums such as The Steve Howe Album (1979), Guitarscape (2023), and collaborative works including Lunar Mist (2022) with his late son Virgil Howe.[6][3] His contributions to Yes earned the band induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017.[7]Early years
Childhood and family
Steve Howe was born on April 8, 1947, in Holloway, a working-class district of North London, England.[8][9] He was the youngest of four siblings in a family rooted in post-war British life.[8][9] Howe's father worked as a chef in a City of London restaurant, while his mother managed the home and shared a broad appreciation for music genres including jazz, big band, and classical.[8] His parents maintained a strict household but provided a supportive environment that encouraged personal interests, despite lacking any formal musical tradition in the family.[8] The family enjoyed a rich auditory backdrop through their father's record collection, featuring artists such as Les Paul and Tennessee Ernie Ford, alongside brass band recordings played on a 78 RPM record player.[8][9] Growing up amid the austerity and rebuilding efforts of post-war London, Howe experienced an energetic childhood marked by these domestic musical influences, which fostered an early affinity for sound without structured training.[8][9] This home environment, centered in Holloway, shaped his formative years and sparked a budding curiosity toward music.[8]Musical beginnings and influences
Steve Howe received his first guitar as a Christmas present from his parents at the age of 12 in 1959.[10] Entirely self-taught, he learned primarily through trial-and-error and by closely studying records from his family's collection, replicating sounds and techniques by ear without formal lessons.[11] His early influences spanned multiple genres, beginning with jazz guitarists such as Django Reinhardt, whose innovative recordings like "Nuages" (1940) captivated Howe after he acquired a neighbor's album.[12] He also drew from American jazz players including Barney Kessel, admiring the blend of single-note lines and chordal work in Kessel's style.[13] Rock 'n' roll elements came via British acts like The Shadows, whose clean tones and instrumental precision—particularly Hank Marvin's playing—inspired Howe from childhood, even before he owned a guitar.[14] The early Beatles contributed to his enthusiasm for electric guitar energy, while folk fingerpicking from Davey Graham introduced acoustic nuances that shaped his versatile approach.[15] During his teenage years in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Howe experimented by forming informal groups with school friends in North London, practicing in local halls and youth clubs to develop rhythm and basic ensemble skills.[16] He briefly explored classical guitar techniques through self-study, which helped refine his fingerings and precision on the fretboard.[17] These efforts led to pre-professional performances at local dances, youth clubs, and ballrooms around London, where he honed stage presence amid covers of popular tunes.[16]Professional career
Early bands (1964–1970)
In 1964, at the age of 17, Steve Howe joined his first professional band, The Syndicats, a London-based group focused on blues and R&B covers influenced by artists like Chuck Berry.[18] The band released several singles during Howe's tenure, including "On the Horizon" and "Crawdaddy Simone," which showcased the era's beat and mod influences, though Howe was not on the latter track as he had departed by then.[19] This early experience honed his guitar skills in live club settings and introduced him to the instability of the London music scene, where frequent lineup changes were common.[20] By 1965, Howe had moved to The In Crowd, a soul and R&B-oriented group that evolved into the psychedelic rock band Tomorrow by 1967, reflecting the shifting British music landscape toward experimentation.[21] As lead guitarist, Howe contributed to their transition, adding intricate riffs and solos that blended mod pop with emerging psychedelia; the band released singles like "My White Bicycle" in 1968, a track noted for its backward tape effects and edgy guitar work produced by Mark Wirtz.[22] Tomorrow's self-titled album, also from 1968, captured this style with songs like "Hallucinations" and "The Incredible Journey," though commercial success eluded them despite critical interest in their innovative sound.[23] Tomorrow built a reputation through high-profile gigs, supporting acts such as Jimi Hendrix, Pink Floyd, and Vanilla Fudge at venues like the UFO Club, where in April 1967, Hendrix joined them onstage for an impromptu bass jam that left a lasting impression on the young guitarist.[24] Howe later recalled the band's confidence during this period, stating, "We played with Pink Floyd, Jimi Hendrix, and Vanilla Fudge – and we thought nobody could play us off the stage."[25] However, internal tensions and the psychedelic scene's volatility led to Tomorrow's breakup in mid-1968, prompting Howe to pursue session work to sustain his career.[26] Amid this transition, Howe recorded as a session musician in 1967 with producer Mark Wirtz on the hit single "Excerpt from a Teenage Opera" (also known as "Grocer Jack"), featuring Tomorrow vocalist Keith West, where his guitar parts added to the orchestral pop arrangement that reached No. 2 on the UK charts.[21] This opportunity, alongside other freelance gigs, established Howe as a versatile player in London's studios, exposing him to diverse genres from pop to psychedelia.[27] In late 1968, Howe formed Bodast with vocalist/guitarist Clive Skinner, bassist Dave Curtiss, and drummer Bobby Hunt, aiming for a heavier, proto-progressive sound that incorporated extended compositions and jazz elements.[28] The group recorded a full album at Trident Studios in 1969, including tracks like "Nether Street," but label issues prevented its release at the time, leaving it shelved until the 1980s; Howe's contributions featured acoustic and electric guitar work foreshadowing his later progressive style.[29] Bodast's short lifespan, marked by creative clashes and a notorious incident where they were ejected from a studio session, exemplified the era's band instability, pushing Howe toward full-time session and freelance roles by 1970.[30]Yes era and solo debut (1970–1981)
In August 1970, Steve Howe auditioned for and joined the progressive rock band Yes, replacing guitarist Peter Banks who had departed amid internal conflicts.[31] His arrival marked a pivotal shift, bringing a more versatile and technically adept guitar approach that helped solidify Yes's emerging sound. Howe's debut with the band came on their third studio album, The Yes Album (1971), where he contributed lead guitar on tracks like "Yours Is No Disgrace" and his instrumental showcase "Clap," establishing the group's reputation in progressive rock circles.[32] Howe's tenure during Yes's classic era saw him deliver innovative guitar parts across several landmark albums, blending acoustic fingerpicking, electric leads, and pedal steel for textural depth. On Fragile (1971), his acoustic intro to "Roundabout"—using hybrid picking techniques—instantly became iconic, while his electric work on "Heart of the Sunrise" added dynamic intensity.[33] Close to the Edge (1972) further showcased his range, with pedal steel enhancing the epic suite's atmospheric sections, such as in "And You and I," and improvisational solos drawing from jazz and classical influences.[34] By Tales from Topographic Oceans (1973), Yes's ambitious double album and first UK number-one release, Howe's multifaceted playing—incorporating Gibson archtop electrics and steel guitars—wove through the side-long compositions, supporting the band's conceptual explorations despite mixed critical reception.[35] Amid Yes's intensifying schedule, Howe began exploring solo work, releasing his debut album Beginnings in October 1975 on Atlantic Records. Recorded between Yes's Relayer (1974) and Going for the One (1977), the album featured nine tracks that highlighted his compositional breadth, including the jazz-inflected "Lost Symphony" with saxophone flourishes and the folk-tinged instrumental "The Nature of the Sea."[36] Drawing from influences like Chet Atkins and Django Reinhardt, Beginnings incorporated acoustic and electric elements alongside guest appearances from Yes drummer Alan White and Refugee keyboardist Patrick Moraz, allowing Howe to experiment beyond the band's framework.[37] By the late 1970s, mounting tensions within Yes—exacerbated by creative differences and exhaustion from prolonged tours—led to significant lineup changes. Vocalist Jon Anderson and keyboardist Rick Wakeman departed in 1980, prompting the remaining members to recruit Trevor Horn and Geoff Downes from The Buggles for the album Drama (1980), on which Howe's guitar drove energetic tracks like "Machine Messiah."[38] Despite the album's solid reception, the abrupt shifts strained relationships, and after the subsequent tour, Howe left Yes in early 1981 alongside bassist Chris Squire, citing burnout and a desire for new directions; this period also sparked early collaborative ideas with former members that would later influence projects like Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe.[39]Side projects and returns (1981–1995)
Following his departure from Yes in 1981, Howe co-founded the supergroup Asia alongside bassist and vocalist John Wetton (formerly of King Crimson), keyboardist Geoff Downes (from Yes and the Buggles), and drummer Carl Palmer (from Emerson, Lake & Palmer).[40] The band's self-titled debut album, released in March 1982, achieved significant commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart for two weeks and featuring the hit single "Heat of the Moment," which peaked at number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100.[41] Asia followed with Alpha in 1983, which reached number 6 on the Billboard 200 and included singles like "Don't Cry" (number 8 on the Hot 100), before releasing Astra in 1985, which charted at number 67; Howe departed before Astra's recording sessions, and the band entered a hiatus from 1986 to 1990.[40] In 1985, Howe formed the short-lived supergroup GTR with Genesis guitarist Steve Hackett, vocalist Max Bacon, bassist Phil Spalding, and drummer Jonathan Mover.[42] Their self-titled debut album, released in 1986, peaked at number 11 on the Billboard 200 and number 41 on the UK Albums Chart, driven by the single "When the Heart Rules the Mind," which reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100.[43]) The project emphasized dual guitar interplay and synthesized rock elements but disbanded after one album and a supporting tour.[42] Howe returned to the Yes fold in 1988 through the side project Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (ABWH), reuniting him with vocalist Jon Anderson, drummer Bill Bruford, and keyboardist Rick Wakeman; the group's self-titled album, released in 1989, blended progressive rock with acoustic and orchestral arrangements and peaked at number 30 on the Billboard 200.[44] This led to the 1991 Union album, a collaborative effort merging ABWH with the contemporaneous Yes lineup of bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Trevor Rabin, drummer Alan White, and keyboardist Tony Kaye; Howe contributed guitars and vocals to several tracks, including "I Would Have Waited Forever" and "Masquerade," helping the album reach number 15 on the Billboard 200.[45] Amid these band activities, Howe released his third solo album, Turbulence, in 1991 on Relativity Records, an instrumental collection showcasing his multi-instrumental talents on guitar, bass, keyboards, and percussion, with contributions from drummer Bill Bruford and Ultravox keyboardist Billy Currie on select tracks like "Running the Human Race."[46] The album highlighted Howe's experimental side, incorporating progressive and fusion elements without vocals.[47]Later Yes tenure and reunions (1995–2010)
In 1995, Steve Howe rejoined Yes permanently following tensions from the 1991 Union tour, participating in reunion performances with the classic lineup of Jon Anderson, Chris Squire, Rick Wakeman, and Alan White.[48] These shows, recorded in March 1996 at the Fremont Theatre in San Luis Obispo, California, resulted in the double album Keys to Ascension (1996), which combined live tracks from their 1970s catalog with four new studio recordings co-written by the band, including Howe's guitar work on "That, That Is."[49] Wakeman departed shortly after due to scheduling conflicts, leading to lineup adjustments.[50] The band continued with multi-instrumentalist Billy Sherwood joining as rhythm guitarist and keyboardist for the studio album Open Your Eyes (1997), where Howe contributed lead guitars and vocals across tracks emphasizing progressive elements like "Open Your Eyes" and "From the Balcony."[51] Sherwood's full integration marked a shift toward a denser sound, though Anderson's departure for solo work in 1998 prompted further changes; he returned for subsequent projects.[50] Keyboardist Igor Khoroshev then joined, expanding the ensemble to six members for The Ladder (1999), an album co-produced by the band and featuring Howe's intricate acoustic and electric solos on songs such as "Homeworld (The Ladder)" and "To Be Alive (Hep Yadda)," drawing from spiritual themes.[52] By 2001, Sherwood had left to pursue solo endeavors, leaving the core of Anderson, Howe, Squire, White, and Khoroshev for Magnification, Yes's first orchestral album since 1970, recorded with the London Symphony Orchestra elements arranged by Larry Groupile. Howe's contributions included mandolin and pedal steel on expansive tracks like the title song and "Give Love Each Day," evoking the symphonic prog of their early years.[53] The album's release supported extensive touring, including the Full Circle Tour (2002–2004), which revisited classic material alongside new compositions in North America and Europe.[54] Amid his Yes commitments, Howe guested on Asia's Aura (2001), a progressive-leaning album led by Geoff Downes and vocalist John Payne, providing guitar on tracks like "Ready to Burn" and "The Searcher," continuing his occasional ties to the supergroup's evolving iterations since the 1990s.[55] On the side, Howe advanced his solo career through the Homebrew series, releasing Homebrew 3 (2002) with reimagined demos featuring family collaborations, including son Dylan on drums, and Homebrew 4 (2004), which incorporated folk and jazz influences on pieces like "Sound Picture."[37] In 2007, he formed the Steve Howe Trio with Dylan on drums and Ross Stanley on Hammond organ, debuting with The Haunted Melody, a jazz album showcasing Howe's acoustic guitar in standards and originals such as "The Lost Illusion."[56]Recent works and tours (2011–present)
In 2011, Yes released their twentieth studio album, Fly from Here, marking a reunion with the Drama-era lineup including guitarist Steve Howe, which featured extended progressive compositions and a return to the band's intricate sound.[57] The album, issued by Frontiers Records, included the multi-part title track originally conceived during the early 1980s.[57] Following lineup adjustments, including the introduction of vocalist Jon Davison in 2012, Yes issued Heaven & Earth in 2014, their twenty-first studio album, which explored themes of spirituality and exploration through symphonic prog structures.[58] Produced by the band, it peaked at number 20 on the UK Albums Chart and highlighted Howe's signature guitar interplay with keyboards and rhythm section.[58][59] Howe took on production duties for Yes's subsequent albums, beginning with The Quest in 2021, the band's first release on InsideOutMusic, which revived their collaborative spirit post the death of bassist Chris Squire.[60] Featuring 11 tracks, including the epic "The Ice Bridge," the album reached number 20 on the UK Albums Chart and emphasized Howe's role in capturing the band's classic elements.[61] In 2023, Yes followed with Mirror to the Sky, their twenty-third studio album, also produced by Howe, which built on prior momentum with ambitious pieces like the 14-minute title track "Mirror to the Sky."[62] Released on InsideOutMusic, it paid tribute to late drummer Alan White and charted at number 30 in the UK.[62][63] On the solo front, Howe released Motif Volume 2 in November 2023 via his HoweSound label, a collection of acoustic guitar pieces blending classical, folk, and jazz influences recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic.[64][65] This instrumental album expanded on the 2020 Motif Volume 1, showcasing Howe's fingerpicking techniques without additional instrumentation.[64] Later that year, in September 2024, he issued Guitarscape, a 14-track all-instrumental effort featuring electric and acoustic guitars in spatial mixes, including Dolby Atmos versions for immersive listening.[66] Yes maintained a rigorous touring schedule under Howe's leadership, embarking on the Classic Tales of Yes tour in 2024, which spanned the UK, Europe, Japan, and the US, delivering full performances of classic albums alongside orchestral elements.[67] In June 2025, the band announced The Fragile Tour 2025, The Album Series, a North American run starting October 1 in Wallingford, Connecticut, focused on performing their 1971 album Fragile in sequence along with select hits.[68][69] At age 78 in 2025, Howe continues to lead Yes actively, navigating lineup evolutions such as the ongoing tenure of vocalist Jon Davison since 2012, while prioritizing live performances and new recordings.[1][48]Musicianship
Techniques and style
Steve Howe's guitar style is renowned for its eclectic fusion of jazz, folk, classical, and rock elements, creating a versatile palette that transcends traditional genre boundaries. Drawing from jazz masters like Joe Pass and Tal Farlow, he incorporates sophisticated chord voicings and improvisational phrasing into rock contexts, while classical influences manifest in precise fingerstyle patterns reminiscent of flamenco and Spanish guitar traditions. Folk and country touches appear through rhythmic strumming and melodic simplicity, often blended with rock's drive via electric leads that emphasize dynamics and texture. This multifaceted approach allows Howe to shift seamlessly between aggressive alternate picking for rapid, articulate runs and delicate acoustic fingerpicking for introspective passages, as seen in his hybrid picking technique that combines plectrum bass notes with thumb and finger melodies.[11][70][33] Signature to Howe's playing are layered compositions that build emotional depth through multi-tracked guitar parts, exemplified in pieces like "Mood for a Day," where acoustic fingerstyle evolves into intricate, overlapping themes evoking classical suite structures. He frequently employs volume swells—achieved via foot pedals—to generate swelling, orchestral swells that enhance atmospheric tension, paired with natural harmonics at the 5th, 7th, and 12th frets for shimmering, otherworldly accents. Pedal steel guitar adds a distinctive textural layer, introducing sliding glissandi and sustained bends that infuse progressive rock with country-western warmth and spatial ambiance. These techniques underscore his role in pioneering guitar orchestration within ensemble settings, prioritizing harmonic interplay over solo virtuosity. He incorporated a lap steel guitar for atmospheric textures on tracks like the title suite of Close to the Edge (1972).[71][70][72][34] Over his career, Howe's style has evolved from the intricate, high-complexity prog rock of the 1970s—marked by frequent tempo shifts, odd meters like 7/8, and polyrhythmic layering—to more streamlined productions in the 2020s that emphasize melodic economy and jazz-like spontaneity, as heard on his 2024 solo album Guitarscape. Early works featured dense, exploratory arrangements with rapid picking and metric ambiguity to drive narrative tension, while recent efforts, such as those on Yes's later albums and solo releases, favor concise chord explorations and cross-string voicings for a cleaner, more introspective sound. This progression reflects a maturation toward subtlety, where he balances innovation with accessibility, continually adapting classical precision to modern recording contexts.[73][74][75][66] In interviews, Howe provides informal mentorship to aspiring guitarists, emphasizing practical wisdom over rote exercises; he advises "don't practice, play" to foster creativity, urges deep fingerboard knowledge for fluid navigation, and encourages experimenting with unconventional tunings and styles to discover personal voice. His guidance highlights self-taught exploration, drawing from early influences like Django Reinhardt to inspire thumb-index picking hybrids, and promotes viewing the guitar as a holistic instrument encompassing all variants from acoustic to steel.[76][77][33]Instruments and equipment
Steve Howe's primary electric guitar throughout much of his career with Yes has been a 1964 Gibson ES-175D, which he acquired in the mid-1960s and used extensively on landmark albums like Fragile and Close to the Edge.[78] This semi-hollowbody archtop, known for its warm, articulate tone, features two humbucking pickups and has been central to Howe's signature sound, often paired with light overdrive for rhythmic and lead work.[79] He has described it as his "ultimate guitar," emphasizing its playability and versatility across jazz-influenced progressive rock passages.[80] Another key electric in Howe's arsenal is his modified 1955 Fender Telecaster, customized with a humbucking pickup in the neck position to achieve a fuller, more versatile tone suitable for rock contexts.[81] Acquired in 1974, this blonde Telecaster provided the "gutsy" edge for tracks on Yes's Relayer and later solo efforts, blending classic Tele twang with enhanced sustain.[82] Additionally, Howe has employed a 1976 Gibson The Les Paul in wine red finish, a rare model with an ebony-rosewood fretboard that delivered powerful chord tones during his Asia tenure and select Yes recordings in the late 1970s.[83] For acoustic and classical duties, Howe favors custom and high-end models, including a 1976 José Ramírez 1A flamenco classical guitar, which he used for intricate fingerstyle pieces like those on The Yes Album.[84] This Spanish-made instrument, with its cedar top and cypress back, offers the bright, responsive projection essential for his flamenco-inspired solos, such as "Mood for a Day."[85] Howe incorporated pedal steel guitar into his Yes work starting in the mid-1970s, expanding on his earlier lap steel use with a Sho-Bud Pro II Custom for both live and studio applications.[86] In the 1970s, Howe's amplification relied on Marshall stacks, including a 1967 Super Lead head paired with 4x12 cabinets, which provided the high-gain crunch for Yes's progressive epics.[87] By the 1980s and beyond, he transitioned to Mesa/Boogie amplifiers for their tighter, more modern response, using models like the Mark series during Asia tours and later Yes reunions.[88] Effects included the Electro-Harmonix Big Muff for fuzzy sustain on rhythm parts and the MXR Phase 90 for swirling modulation effects heard on albums like Tales from Topographic Oceans.[89] For 2020s tours and recordings, such as Yes's Mirror to the Sky (2023) and his solo album Guitarscape (2024), Howe employs a hybrid digital-analog rig featuring Line 6 DT50 and POD HD500 units programmed to emulate his vintage tones, often run through Fender Twin Reverb amps for added warmth.[90] This setup includes custom modifications and endorsements with Line 6, allowing reliable replication of his ES-175 and Telecaster sounds onstage while incorporating acoustic modeling for diverse material.[81][66]Recognition
Awards and nominations
Steve Howe has received numerous accolades throughout his career, recognizing his innovative guitar playing and contributions to progressive rock, particularly with Yes. In 2017, Howe was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame as a longtime member of Yes, honoring the band's pioneering work in the genre. Howe was voted "Best Overall Guitarist" by Guitar Player magazine for five consecutive years from 1977 to 1981, reflecting his versatility across styles like jazz, folk, and rock. In 1981, he became the first rock guitarist inducted into the magazine's Gallery of Greats. In Rolling Stone's 2023 ranking of the 250 Greatest Guitarists of All Time, Howe placed at number 123, praised for his eclectic technique and influence on progressive music.[91] Yes, featuring Howe's guitar work, earned a Grammy Award in 1985 for Best Rock Instrumental Performance with "Cinema" from the album 90125. The band also received Grammy nominations, including Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for Big Generator in 1988.[92] In 2018, Howe was awarded the "Prog God" honor at the Progressive Music Awards, celebrating his lifetime contributions to progressive rock.[93]| Award/Nomination | Year | Details | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Inductee | 2017 | As member of Yes | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |
| Guitar Player Best Overall Guitarist | 1977–1981 | Voted annually | Guitar Player |
| Guitar Player Gallery of Greats Inductee | 1981 | First rock guitarist | Guitar Player |
| Rolling Stone 250 Greatest Guitarists | 2023 | Ranked #123 | Rolling Stone |
| Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance | 1985 | "Cinema" (Yes) | GRAMMY.com |
| Grammy Nomination for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal | 1988 | Big Generator (Yes) | GRAMMY.com |
| Progressive Music Awards Prog God | 2018 | Lifetime achievement in prog rock | Louder |