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Thomas Heyward Jr.

Thomas Heyward Jr. (July 28, 1746 – March 6, 1809) was an American lawyer, planter, soldier, judge, and statesman from South Carolina who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress and affixed his signature to the Declaration of Independence in 1776.^[1]^[2] Born into a prosperous planting family at Old House Plantation in St. Luke's Parish, Heyward pursued legal studies at the Middle Temple in London before returning to establish a practice in his home colony.^[1]^[2] As tensions escalated toward revolution, Heyward emerged as a vocal opponent of British policies, securing election to the South Carolina Provincial Congress and later the Continental Congress, where he also endorsed the Articles of Confederation.^[3]^[4] During the war, he commanded a militia company as a captain and artillery officer, only to be captured by British forces following the 1780 siege of Charleston; he endured over a year of imprisonment in St. Augustine, Florida, before release in 1781.^[5]^[6] Postwar, Heyward contributed to South Carolina's governance as a circuit court judge, state legislator, and founding president of the Agricultural Society of South Carolina in 1785, promoting innovations in rice cultivation amid his efforts to restore family plantations ravaged by conflict.^[5]^[7] His legacy endures as one of the state's four signers of the Declaration, embodying the planter elite's commitment to independence despite personal sacrifices, including the loss of property and enslaved labor essential to the colonial economy.^[1]^[8]

Early Life and Education

Family Background and Upbringing

Thomas Heyward Jr. was born on July 28, 1746, at Old House Plantation on Euhaw Creek in St. Luke's Parish, Province of South Carolina (present-day Jasper County).^[9] He was the eldest son of Daniel Heyward, a prosperous rice planter born circa 1720 who owned extensive lands in the lowcountry, and Mary Miles Heyward.^[7]^[10] The Heywards traced their lineage to early English settlers in the colony, with Daniel inheriting and expanding family holdings from his father, Thomas Heyward Sr., who had died in 1736, leaving properties among sons including Daniel, another Thomas, and John.^[10] The family's wealth derived primarily from rice cultivation on tidewater plantations, supported by large numbers of enslaved Africans, positioning the Heywards among South Carolina's elite planter class by the mid-18th century.^[9] Daniel Heyward managed multiple estates, including Old House, which spanned thousands of acres and featured rice fields, dikes, and slave quarters typical of the region's hydraulic agriculture.^[5] Heyward's upbringing occurred in this plantation environment, where he would have observed and participated in the oversight of crop production, slave labor coordination, and estate administration under his father's guidance.^[7] Initial education was provided at home, focusing on practical skills alongside basic literacy and arithmetic suited to a planter's heir, before he pursued formal legal training abroad.^[11] Daniel's more conservative disposition later contrasted with his son's revolutionary involvement, reportedly leading to limited inheritance for Thomas after the war.^[12]

Legal Studies and Influences from England

Thomas Heyward Jr. received his initial education at home in St. Luke's Parish, South Carolina, focusing on classical subjects before apprenticing under a local lawyer to prepare for a legal career.^[2]^[11] In keeping with the practice of many colonial elites, he then traveled to England to complete his formal legal training at the Middle Temple in London, one of the Inns of Court required for barristers.^[5]^[7] There, Heyward applied himself diligently to the study of English common law, including precedents, statutes, and courtroom procedures, ultimately gaining admission to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple.^[11]^[7] This immersion in the English legal system equipped Heyward with a thorough grounding in adversarial advocacy, equity jurisprudence, and the principles of parliamentary sovereignty, which he later drew upon in his practice and public service in South Carolina.^[2]^[5] However, his time abroad also exposed him to prevailing British attitudes of condescension toward American colonists, fostering disillusionment that contrasted sharply with his admiration for legal traditions.^[5]^[13] Heyward's travels extended through England and parts of Europe, where he encountered further instances of imperial disdain, contributing to his eventual alignment with colonial resistance against perceived overreach.^[14]^[5] Upon returning to Charleston around 1771, Heyward integrated these experiences into his burgeoning law practice, representing clients in provincial courts while beginning to critique British policies through a lens informed by both legal rigor and firsthand observation of metropolitan biases.^[2]^[14] This dual influence—technical expertise tempered by awareness of cultural friction—shaped his early advocacy for American interests, evident in his opposition to measures like the Stamp Act of 1765, which he had anticipated during his studies abroad.^[14]^[13]

Entry into Public Affairs

Initial Opposition to British Policies

Thomas Heyward Jr. voiced opposition to British colonial policies as early as the Stamp Act of 1765, which imposed direct taxation on the American colonies without their consent in Parliament.^[10] At age 19 and pursuing legal studies, he aligned with South Carolina's initial resistance to the measure, which fueled widespread colonial protests against parliamentary overreach.^[7] Upon returning to Charleston around 1771 after completing his education at the Middle Temple in London, Heyward established a law practice and became one of the colony's most outspoken critics of British encroachments, including duties under the Townshend Acts and restrictions on colonial autonomy.^[11] ^[15] Heyward's resistance intensified amid the crisis over the Coercive Acts following the Boston Tea Party in 1774, when he joined the Committee of Ninety-Nine, a patriot body formed in South Carolina to coordinate opposition and enforce non-importation agreements against British goods.^[16] This committee, comprising influential planters and merchants, drafted resolutions condemning Parliament's actions as violations of colonial rights and petitioned the royal governor for redress while preparing for potential escalation.^[16] Heyward advocated for unity among the colonies, drawing on his firsthand observations of anti-colonial prejudice during his time in England to argue that reconciliation required British recognition of American legislative independence.^[17] In January 1775, Heyward participated in the First Provincial Congress of South Carolina, which superseded royal authority by organizing militia units, seizing public arms, and endorsing the Continental Association's boycott of British trade effective December 1, 1774.^[1] His contributions emphasized economic leverage through non-exportation of rice and indigo—key South Carolina staples—while urging defensive preparations against potential royalist forces.^[16] Reelected to the Second Provincial Congress later in 1775, Heyward supported the panel's appointment of a Council of Safety, on which he served as one of thirteen members tasked with executing revolutionary measures, including the arrest of suspected loyalists and the fortification of Charleston Harbor.^[16] These actions marked South Carolina's shift from petition to organized defiance, positioning Heyward as a bridge between local grievances and the broader independence movement.^[1]

Involvement in Provincial Governance

Heyward served as a delegate to the First Provincial Congress of South Carolina, which met from January 11 to February 1, 1775, and functioned as an extralegal assembly to coordinate resistance to British policies following the Continental Association.^[5] During this session, the congress established the initial Council of Safety, a secretive executive committee responsible for overseeing defenses, intelligence, and the seizure of arms from loyalists, with Heyward among the thirteen members appointed to this body.^[16] The council effectively assumed provincial governance functions, directing militia preparations and economic measures like non-importation enforcement amid escalating tensions.^[6] Reelected to the Second Provincial Congress, which convened on November 1, 1775, and continued intermittently until March 1776, Heyward continued his service on the reappointed Council of Safety, focusing on wartime readiness including the fortification of Charleston and procurement of military supplies.^[16] This congress asserted broader authority, framing instructions for South Carolina's delegates to the Continental Congress and ultimately adopting the state's first constitution on March 26, 1776, establishing an independent government structure.^[13] Heyward's contributions emphasized pragmatic steps toward self-governance, such as coordinating provincial troops and resources, reflecting his role in transitioning colonial administration to revolutionary control without royal oversight.^[5] In early 1776, the congress selected him as a replacement delegate to the Continental Congress, marking his shift from provincial to national duties.^[16]

Contributions to American Independence

Service in the Continental Congress

Thomas Heyward Jr. was elected by the South Carolina Provincial Congress in February 1776 to serve as a delegate to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, filling the vacancy left by John Rutledge, who had returned to the state to organize defenses against British threats.^[18]^[19] Upon arriving after the congressional vote for independence on July 2, 1776, Heyward nonetheless affixed his signature to the engrossed Declaration of Independence on August 2, 1776, as one of four representatives from South Carolina.^[20]^[7] During his tenure, which extended through 1777 and into 1778, Heyward participated in congressional deliberations on military and financial matters critical to the Revolutionary War effort, including support for Richard Henry Lee's resolution advocating independence presented in June 1776.^[5]^[21] He was appointed to ad hoc committees, such as one in 1776 alongside Lyman Hall to address specific procedural matters in the journals of Congress.^[22] South Carolina's delegation, including Heyward, initially reflected the colony's cautious stance toward separation from Britain, but he aligned with the majority push for sovereignty amid escalating hostilities.^[16] Heyward's contributions emphasized legal and constitutional perspectives shaped by his training at the Middle Temple in London, advocating for orderly governance amid revolutionary upheaval; however, primary records indicate no authorship of major congressional documents during his service.^[2] He returned to South Carolina in 1778 to address state-level exigencies, concluding his congressional role as the war intensified in the South.^[6]

Signing the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Heyward Jr. was elected in February 1776 to serve as a delegate from South Carolina to the Second Continental Congress, filling the vacancy left by Christopher Gadsden's resignation.^[16] He arrived in Philadelphia and took his seat amid intensifying debates over colonial independence from Britain.^[1] In preliminary discussions on separation from Great Britain, Heyward initially voted against independence in a trial ballot, citing uncertainties about the colonies' readiness for conflict.^[5] However, persuaded by ongoing arguments and the momentum among delegates, he reversed his position the following day, aligning with South Carolina's eventual support for the measure.^[5] On July 2, 1776, Heyward voted affirmatively when the Continental Congress adopted Richard Henry Lee's resolution declaring the united colonies free and independent states.^[23] The formal Declaration, drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson and revised by the committee, was approved two days later on July 4.^[20] Heyward affixed his signature to the engrossed parchment of the Declaration of Independence on August 2, 1776, alongside fellow South Carolina delegates Edward Rutledge, Thomas Lynch Jr., and Arthur Middleton, making him one of four representatives from the colony to endorse the document.^[3] At age 30, his endorsement committed South Carolina to the revolutionary cause, despite the colony's initial provincial instructions favoring reconciliation with Britain, which had been overridden by the delegates' judgment.^[16]

Military Service in the Revolution

Commission and Early Engagements

Thomas Heyward Jr. was commissioned as a captain in the Charles Town Battalion of Artillery, an elite militia unit also known as the Charleston Artillery Company, in the South Carolina militia shortly after his return from service in the Continental Congress in late 1778.^[6]^[5] This artillery battalion consisted of three companies and played a key role in coastal defenses against British naval and landing threats.^[6] Heyward's early military engagement came during the Battle of Port Royal Island on February 3, 1779, where he commanded artillery under Major General William Moultrie in defense of Beaufort against a British raiding force.^[16]^[24] The British detachment, numbering about 300 men under Major James Gardiner, landed to probe American defenses and destroy local fortifications; Heyward's battery, equipped with two six-pound field pieces, targeted and dismounted a British howitzer during the exchange of fire.^[6] American forces, including Heyward's artillery alongside that led by fellow Declaration signer Edward Rutledge, inflicted heavy casualties on the attackers—over 50 British wounded or killed, including 7 dead—prompting their withdrawal after a brief but intense skirmish.^[6]^[25] U.S. losses totaled 7 killed and 33 wounded, with Heyward himself receiving a slight gunshot wound to the arm that left a lifelong scar.^[7]^[16] This action marked one of the few instances where two signers of the Declaration actively fought together in the field.^[25]

Capture at Charleston and Imprisonment

During the British siege of Charleston, which commenced on April 1, 1780, under General Sir Henry Clinton, Thomas Heyward Jr. served as a captain in the South Carolina Militia's Charleston Battalion of Artillery, commanding a battery positioned in the hornwork fortification as part of the American defenses led by Major General Benjamin Lincoln.^[6]^[5] The siege culminated in the American surrender on May 12, 1780, marking the largest capitulation of Continental forces with approximately 5,000 to 6,000 troops taken prisoner by the British.^[5]^[6] Heyward was captured at the head of his battery during this fall of the city.^[16] As a militia officer, Heyward was initially granted parole under the terms of the Articles of Capitulation, permitting him to remain in occupied Charleston without bearing arms against British forces.^[5]^[6] However, on August 27, 1780, British authorities arrested him at his home for suspected involvement in clandestine meetings with other patriot leaders, violating his parole conditions.^[5] He was briefly detained in Charleston's Old Exchange Building before being transported to St. Augustine, Florida, on September 4, 1780, along with other prominent prisoners.^[5]^[16] Heyward endured approximately 11 months of imprisonment in St. Augustine under British control, facing the hardships typical of wartime captivity, including confinement and separation from family.^[16] He was released in a prisoner exchange in 1781 and eventually returned to Philadelphia en route back to South Carolina, during which he reportedly fell overboard from a transport vessel and narrowly escaped drowning.^[5] By 1782, prior to the British evacuation of Charleston on December 14, he rejoined his devastated estates, which had suffered confiscation and damage.^[6]^[5]

Post-Revolutionary Career

Judicial Roles and Legal Reforms

Following his release from British captivity in 1781 and the conclusion of the Revolutionary War, Thomas Heyward Jr. was appointed to the South Carolina circuit court, resuming a judicial role he had briefly held prior to his military service in 1778.^[1] He served in this capacity from 1782 to 1789, handling cases across the state's circuits and contributing to the stabilization of the postwar legal system amid property disputes and Loyalist trials.^[1] ^[2] In one notable instance, Heyward presided over the trial of Loyalists accused of treason for corresponding with British forces during the occupation of Charleston, resulting in convictions that reinforced state authority against collaborationist activities.^[5] His tenure emphasized criminal jurisprudence, including oversight of courts dealing with wartime grievances and the enforcement of new republican laws replacing colonial precedents.^[7] Later records indicate extensions of his service into the 1790s, potentially as an associate judge until 1798, though primary accounts confirm his active circuit duties through at least 1789.^[14] Heyward's judicial contributions aligned with broader efforts to reform South Carolina's legal framework post-independence, favoring codified state statutes over inherited British common law where conflicts arose with sovereignty principles.^[11] He advocated for judicial independence in legislative debates, supporting measures to limit executive interference in court proceedings, though no singular reform act bears his direct authorship.^[16] His decisions helped establish precedents for property restitution to Patriot claimants, addressing economic disruptions from confiscations and aiding the transition to a stable agrarian judiciary.^[19] By retirement, Heyward had helped embed a more localized, consent-based legal order, reflecting his prewar legal training at the Middle Temple and commitment to American self-governance over imperial adjudication.^[2]

State Legislature and Constitutional Contributions

Following his release from imprisonment in Philadelphia in February 1782, Heyward returned to South Carolina and was promptly elected to the Fourth General Assembly as a representative from Charleston County.^[13]^[1] This body, convened amid postwar reconstruction, addressed taxation, debt repayment from the Revolutionary War, and the restoration of civil governance disrupted by British occupation.^[16] Heyward's legislative service emphasized legal reforms and economic stabilization, drawing on his prior experience as a lawyer trained at the Middle Temple in London and his wartime advocacy for colonial rights.^[2] A firm advocate for centralized authority to prevent future disunion—evident in his earlier signing of the Articles of Confederation in 1778—Heyward served as a delegate to South Carolina's ratification convention for the United States Constitution, held from May 12 to 24, 1788, in Charleston.^[16]^[5] The convention approved the document by a vote of 149 to 73 on May 23, 1788, making South Carolina the eighth state to ratify and enabling the Constitution's implementation upon nine states' approval.^[16] Heyward's support aligned with Federalist arguments for a robust national government capable of regulating commerce and defense, countering Anti-Federalist concerns over states' sovereignty that prevailed in South Carolina's agrarian interests.^[16] Heyward continued in the state legislature after ratification, contributing to sessions that implemented federal alignment while refining local institutions.^[16] He participated in South Carolina's 1790 constitutional convention, which revised the 1778 frame to expand suffrage slightly, adjust legislative apportionment based on white population and taxation, and reinforce judicial independence amid debates over representation between upcountry and lowcountry districts.^[18] These efforts reflected Heyward's commitment to balanced governance, informed by his firsthand observation of confederation weaknesses during congressional service from 1776 to 1778.^[5] By 1799, however, he withdrew from public office, citing health decline from wartime injuries including partial paralysis from smallpox contracted in captivity.^[7]

Economic and Plantation Interests

Management of Family Plantations

Upon the death of his father, Daniel Heyward, in 1778, Thomas Heyward Jr. returned to South Carolina to oversee the family's sixteen plantations, which spanned thousands of acres in the lowcountry between Beaufort and Savannah, Georgia, and relied on the labor of hundreds of enslaved individuals.^[5]^[10] These properties, including Old House Plantation in St. Luke's Parish (present-day Jasper County), primarily produced rice through tidal cultivation methods, supplemented by indigo and emerging cotton crops, reflecting the Heyward family's status as one of the wealthiest planter dynasties in the colony.^[1]^[16] Heyward's management emphasized restoration and productivity amid wartime disruptions, integrating his legal acumen with practical oversight to rebuild operations depleted by British occupation and foraging.^[7] He advocated for improved agricultural techniques, such as enhanced rice milling and crop diversification, drawing from his European studies and observations of efficient farming abroad.^[19] In 1785, he co-founded the South Carolina Agricultural Society—the state's first such organization—and served as its inaugural president, promoting experiments in soil management, seed selection, and machinery to boost yields on rice estates like White Hall Plantation, his primary residence.^[7]^[26] By 1790, Heyward largely withdrew from public office to focus exclusively on these holdings, concentrating efforts on tidal rice production at White Hall and Old House, where he implemented dike repairs and flood control to sustain output amid coastal vulnerabilities.^[16]^[27] His approach prioritized export-oriented monoculture, yielding substantial wealth but entailing rigorous labor demands on enslaved workers, numbering over 1,000 across the family by some accounts, underscoring the economic interdependence of plantation slavery in South Carolina's agrarian system.^[10]

Role in South Carolina's Agrarian Economy

Thomas Heyward Jr. managed several family plantations in the South Carolina Lowcountry, where rice cultivation formed the backbone of the region's agrarian economy, generating substantial wealth through export to northern colonies and Europe.^[5] Born in 1746 at Old House Plantation along the Euhaw Creek in what became Jasper County, he inherited estates from his father, Colonel Daniel Heyward, one of the colony's wealthiest rice planters, whose holdings included thousands of acres worked by enslaved laborers.^[9] Rice, alongside indigo and later cotton, dominated production on Heyward's properties, such as White Hall in St. Luke's Parish and Old House, with tidal flooding techniques enabling high yields that underpinned South Carolina's export-driven prosperity in the late 18th century.^[16]^[5] Following the Revolutionary War, Heyward prioritized restoring war-damaged plantations, employing enslaved workers to rebuild infrastructure and resume rice planting, which had been disrupted by British occupation and foraging.^[7] By the 1780s, his operations contributed to the Lowcountry's recovery as a rice exporter, with annual outputs from major planters like the Heywards supporting mercantile networks in Charleston and fueling capital for state infrastructure.^[10] In 1785, he co-founded and served as the first president of the Agricultural Society of South Carolina, an organization of elite planters aimed at disseminating improved farming methods, such as crop rotation and machinery, to enhance productivity amid post-war labor shortages and soil depletion.^[18]^[5] Heyward's efforts extended to experimenting with new crops and techniques on his estates, including diversified planting to mitigate risks from rice monoculture, which boosted overall agrarian output in a state where agriculture accounted for over 90% of economic activity by 1790.^[19] His advocacy through the society influenced broader adoption of innovations among Lowcountry planters, helping sustain rice as South Carolina's premier cash crop into the early republic, though reliant on enslaved labor that numbered in the hundreds across Heyward family holdings.^[28] By 1790, he retired from public office to devote full attention to White Hall Plantation, exemplifying the planter class's central role in directing the state's agrarian wealth amid challenges like flooding and market fluctuations.^[16]

Personal Life

Marriages and Family

Thomas Heyward Jr. married Elizabeth Matthews, daughter of Colonel John Matthews and Sarah Gibbes Matthews, in 1772.^[5] She died in 1782 during childbirth while traveling to Philadelphia to join him during his imprisonment.^[5] The couple had five children, including four sons and one daughter, though most did not survive to adulthood.^[29] On May 4, 1786, Heyward married Elizabeth Savage, daughter of Thomas Savage and Mary Elliott Savage of Charleston, South Carolina.^[29] ^[30] This second marriage produced three children who reached adulthood: sons Thomas and William, and daughter Elizabeth.^[7] Elizabeth Savage outlived Heyward, dying in 1833.^[29] Heyward's family background included his father, Daniel Heyward, a prominent rice planter, and mother, Maria Miles, which positioned him within South Carolina's planter elite; his descendants continued ties to regional agrarian and political networks through marriages into families such as Cuthbert, Shubrick, and Parker.^[31]

Health and Later Years

Following his service as a circuit judge, which concluded around 1798, Heyward retired from public office to focus on his agricultural interests and the management of family plantations, including those in St. Luke's Parish.^[10] ^[13] He continued participation in the Agricultural Society of South Carolina, reflecting his commitment to agrarian improvements amid South Carolina's rice-based economy.^[13] Heyward's health bore lasting marks from military service, including a gunshot wound received as a captain in the Charleston Artillery Company during the defense of Port Royal Island on February 3, 1779, which scarred him permanently.^[16] His capture at the Siege of Charleston in May 1780 and subsequent imprisonment in St. Augustine, Florida, until parole in 1781, imposed additional physical tolls from harsh conditions and disease exposure typical of such confinements.^[1] ^[5] Heyward died on March 6, 1809, at age 62, in Charleston, South Carolina.^[4] He was buried in the family cemetery at Old House Plantation, the estate of his father Daniel Heyward near present-day Ridgeland in Jasper County.^[5] ^[7]

Death and Legacy

Final Years and Passing

Following his extensive judicial and legislative service, Heyward retired from the state circuit court bench around 1789 and withdrew from broader public duties by 1799, concentrating on the restoration and management of his family plantations in St. Luke's Parish. He had earlier established the Agricultural Society of South Carolina in 1785, assuming its first presidency to promote agrarian improvements amid the post-war economic recovery. Residing primarily at White Hall Plantation with his second wife, Elizabeth Savage—whom he married in 1786—and their surviving children, Heyward maintained a focus on family and estate affairs in his waning years.^[16]^[7]^[2] Heyward died on April 17, 1809, at age 62, likely from natural causes associated with advanced age, though no specific medical details are recorded in contemporary accounts.^[2]^[32] He was buried adjacent to his father in the family cemetery at Old House Plantation, a site now preserved as a historic landmark in Jasper County, South Carolina.^[7]

Historical Significance and Assessments

Thomas Heyward Jr.'s primary historical significance derives from his service as a delegate from South Carolina to the Second Continental Congress, where he affixed his signature to the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, affirming the colonies' break from British rule.^[5] Beyond this diplomatic role, he demonstrated personal commitment to the Revolutionary cause by enlisting as a captain in the Colleton County Regiment of the South Carolina militia in 1779 and participating in the defense of Charleston, culminating in his capture by British forces on May 12, 1780, following the city's surrender.^[6] Imprisoned first in Charleston and then in St. Augustine, Florida, until his parole in July 1781, Heyward's wartime sacrifices underscored the risks borne by Southern signers amid Britain's southern campaign strategy.^[5] In the postwar era, Heyward influenced South Carolina's institutional development by contributing to the drafting of the state's 1778 constitution and signing the Articles of Confederation on behalf of South Carolina in 1778.^[5] As a judge on the state's court of general sessions and common pleas from 1779 onward—interrupted by his captivity—he adjudicated cases involving loyalist treason, helping to consolidate republican governance in the recovering state.^[5] Additionally, in 1785, he co-founded and served as the first president of the Agricultural Society of South Carolina, advocating for innovations in rice milling and dyke construction to bolster the Lowcountry's export-driven economy, which relied on indentured and enslaved labor.^[1] Contemporary assessments portray Heyward as a steadfast but regionally focused patriot, whose military valor and civic roles elevated him beyond mere symbolism as a signer, though he lacked the national prominence of figures like John Adams or Thomas Jefferson.^[6] Historians note his embodiment of Southern planter interests in the founding era, with his agricultural initiatives reflecting pragmatic adaptations to environmental and economic challenges rather than ideological innovation.^[10] His legacy persists through preserved artifacts, including his plantation home at Old House and tomb in Jasper County, which commemorate South Carolina's underrepresented Revolutionary contributions amid narratives dominated by Northern events.^[13]

References

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Signers of the Declaration (Thomas Heyward, Jr.)
Jul 4, 2004 · The eldest son of one of the wealthiest planters in South Carolina, Heyward was born in 1746 at Old House Plantation, in St. Helena's Parish.
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HEYWARD, Thomas, Jr. | US House of Representatives
HEYWARD, Thomas, Jr., a Delegate from South Carolina; born in St. Luke's Parish, S.C., July 28, 1746; pursued academic studies; studied law, Middle Temple, ...
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Signers of the Declaration of Independence - National Archives
Jul 10, 2024 · Heyward Jr., Thomas. SC. 7/28/1746. St. Helena Parish, SC. 30. Lawyer, Plantation Owner. 2. 8. 3/6/1809. 62. Hooper, William. NC. 6/17/1742.
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Thomas Heyward, Jr., (July 28, 1746 - March 6, 1809) signed the United States Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation as a representative ...Missing: biography historical facts
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Thomas Heyward Jr. | American Battlefield Trust
In 1785, Heyward was a founding member and first president of the South Carolina Agricultural Society which advocated for agricultural innovation and progress.
[6]
More than a Signer: The Military Career of Thomas Heyward, Jr.
Thomas Heyward, Jr., 1746-1809 Many know Thomas Heyward, Jr. as a signer of the Declaration of Independence, but less well-known is his service as a soldier ...
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Thomas Heyward, Jr. | Descendants of the Signers of the ...
The eldest son of a wealthy planter, Thomas Heyward, Jr., was born at his father's home, Old House, in St. Luke's Parish (now Jasper County) in the Province of ...
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Old House Plantation - National Register - South Carolina
Second, the site is also significant because of its strong association with Thomas Heyward, Jr., one of South Carolina's four signers of the Declaration of ...
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[PDF] NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY
Thomas Heyward, Jr., was born July 28, 1746, at Old House Plantation, Euhaw Creek, Jasper. County, South Carolina, the eldest son of one of the wealthiest rice ...Missing: "historical | Show results with:"historical
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Thomas Heyward Jr. Signer of the Declaration of Independence
Jan 18, 2023 · Thomas Heyward Jr (July 28, 1746 – March 6, 1809) was a planter, lawyer, judge, politician, and soldier. One of the Founding Fathers who attended the Second ...<|separator|>
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Thomas Heyward, Jr. of South Carolina: Lawyer, Judge, Continental ...
Jun 16, 2021 · Heyward voiced early his opposition to British rule and the control being forced upon the colonies through such methods as the Stamp Act. Soon ...Missing: achievements controversies
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Declaration of Independence signer deeply tied to Palmetto State
Dec 20, 2016 · “Heyward's father didn't leave his son very much,” said Harold Guerry, a member of the Jasper Historical Society. “He didn't think Thomas ...Missing: parents upbringing
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Jul 6, 2023 · Thomas Heyward, Jr. was an active leader in South Carolina during the American Revolution. Born at his father's plantation in St. Helena's Parish on July 28, ...
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News and Events » Thomas Heyward Jr. - The Charleston Museum
Luke's Parish (now part of Jasper County), was the eldest son of wealthy rice planter Daniel Heyward and Mary Miles He added the junior to his name to ...<|separator|>
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Thomas Heyward, Jr. | Facts, Early Years, Life, Death & Politics
Feb 18, 2020 · Thomas Heyward, Jr. was an American judge, a delegate to the Continental Congress for South Carolina, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence.Missing: achievements controversies
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Heyward, Thomas Jr. | South Carolina Encyclopedia
Thomas Heyward, Jr., died on April 22, 1809, and was buried in the family cemetery on Old House Plantation in St. Luke's Parish. Edgar, Walter, and N ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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Thomas Heyward, Jr. - An Appeal To Heaven
Upon returning to South Carolina, Thomas Heyward began practicing law and speaking out against the unconstitutional actions of Parliament against the colonists.Missing: achievements controversies
[18]
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In February 1776 Thomas Heyward,. Jr. was elected a delegate to the Second. Continental Congress and took his seat therein. After long debate the. Declaration ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[19]
Thomas Heyward Jr. Biography - U.S. Constitution.net
Jul 12, 2024 · Heyward's early education focused on classical studies and Latin. He furthered his legal training under a noted barrister in South Carolina ...
[20]
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Sep 20, 2022 · The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. It was engrossed on parchment and on August 2, 1776, delegates began signing ...<|separator|>
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HEYWARD, Thomas, Jr. - Bioguide Search
HEYWARD, Thomas, Jr., a Delegate from South Carolina; born in St. Luke's Parish, S.C., July 28, 1746; pursued academic studies; studied law, Middle Temple, ...
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[Thomas] Heyward, [Jr.] and Mr. [Lyman] Hall be added to the committee for ... This petition, without date, is in the Papers of the Continental Congress, No.
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Dec 10, 2019 · Thomas Heyward, Jr. - One of America's ... Heyward arrived in Philadelphia as a Delegate to the Second Continental Congress in 1776.
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Jan 30, 2023 · Moultrie's artillery units were commanded by Thomas Heyward, Jr. and Edward Rutledge. The following day the troops moved into Beaufort. On ...
[25]
Port Royal Island - American Battlefield Trust
Additionally, two signers of the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Heyward, Jr. and Edward Rutledge were in Moultrie's ranks, a unique occurrence in the ...
[26]
Farm to Table | Charleston Magazine
The organization was founded in August 1785 by wealthy planation owners, including Thomas Heyward Jr. (a Declaration of Independence signatory), to establish ...
[27]
Thomas Heyward, Jr., to Thomas Jefferson, 3 August 1801
Thomas Heyward, Jr. (1746–1809) represented South Carolina in the Continental Congress from 1776 to 1778 and was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
[28]
https://www.schistory.org/july-1746-thomas-heyward-jr-is-born/
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Thomas Heyward, Jr., 1745-1809 - FamilySearch Catalog
Thomas Heyward, Jr., 1745-1809 ; Authors. Leach, Frank Willing, 1855-1943 (Author) ; Format. Microfilm 35mm ; Language. English ; Publication Date. 1951 ; Publisher.
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Thomas Heyward, Jr., 1746 -1809: Beaufort District's Signer of the ...
Oct 3, 2012 · Thomas Heyward, Jr., son of Daniel Heyward and his wife Mary Miles Heyward, was born at Old House Plantation, St. Luke's Parish, on July 28, 1746.
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Daniel Heyward was born about 1640 in Derbyshire, England. He's known to have been in Charles Towne (now Charleston) in 1672, but it's not known for sure how or ...Missing: background | Show results with:background
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Signers of the Declaration of Independence - The White House
He signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and remained a steady presence in the Continental Congress, often serving simultaneously in the state ...