Tubular Bells II
Tubular Bells II is the fifteenth studio album by English multi-instrumentalist and composer Mike Oldfield, released on 31 August 1992 by Warner Bros. Records.[1][2] Conceived as a sequel to Oldfield's landmark 1973 debut album Tubular Bells, it mirrors the original's structure with a series of interconnected instrumental movements while incorporating modern production techniques and influences from world music, classical orchestration, and electronic elements.[1][3] The album was Oldfield's first release on Warner Bros. following the end of his contract with Virgin Records, and it was primarily recorded in a rented house in Los Angeles with additional sessions at Roughwood Croft in England.[3] Produced by Oldfield alongside Trevor Horn and longtime collaborator Tom Newman, Tubular Bells II features Oldfield performing the majority of instruments, including guitars, keyboards, and percussion, with guest contributions from vocalists Susannah Melvoin, Edie Lehmann, and Sally Bradshaw, as well as bagpipes from the P.D. Scots Pipe Band and Celtic Bevy Band.[3][2] The tracklist comprises 14 pieces that flow continuously, starting with the epic opener "Sentinel" and culminating in "Moonshine," totaling approximately 58 minutes in length.[3] Key tracks include "The Bell," which evokes the original's finale, and "Altered State," featuring live drums by John Robinson.[3] The album's polished sound, courtesy of Horn's involvement, marked a shift from Oldfield's earlier Virgin-era works toward a more accessible progressive rock aesthetic.[3] Upon release, Tubular Bells II achieved significant commercial success, debuting at number one on the UK Albums Chart and spending two weeks at the top position over a total of 30 weeks on the chart.[4] It also topped charts in Spain and reached the top ten in several other European countries, though it did not chart prominently on the US Billboard 200.[4] The lead single "Sentinel" peaked at number 10 in the UK.[5] Critically, the album was praised for recapturing the spirit of its predecessor while updating it for contemporary audiences, though some reviewers noted it as a faithful recreation rather than a bold innovation.[6] The work was later performed live in its entirety at Edinburgh Castle in 1992, broadcast on television, and has been reissued multiple times, including expanded editions and a limited vinyl release for Record Store Day 2022; it continues to be featured in live tours as of 2025.[3][7][8]Development
Background
Following the expiration of his contract with Virgin Records on 1 January 1991, after 18 years and 14 albums with the label, English multi-instrumentalist Mike Oldfield signed with Warner Music UK.[9][10] This transition marked the end of a significant chapter in Oldfield's career, during which Virgin had persistently requested a sequel to his breakthrough 1973 album Tubular Bells since the late 1970s, a demand Oldfield had long resisted in favor of exploring diverse musical directions.[11] Oldfield's decision to create Tubular Bells II was further influenced by his relocation from England to Los Angeles, where he established a new home studio to begin work on the project.[12] This move to the United States represented a fresh start, allowing Oldfield to embrace a new phase free from prior contractual constraints and to revisit the innovative, multi-layered style that defined his debut.[13] The motivation for the sequel stemmed directly from the enduring legacy of the original Tubular Bells, whose intricate, nearly 50-minute instrumental structure achieved global acclaim and sold millions of copies worldwide. Its inclusion in the soundtrack of the 1973 horror film The Exorcist—specifically an edited excerpt of the opening theme—propelled the album to even greater prominence, cementing its status as a progressive rock cornerstone and inspiring Oldfield to craft a worthy successor two decades later.[14]Composition
The composition of Tubular Bells II took place from June 1991 to early 1992, shortly after Mike Oldfield signed with Warner Music UK, allowing him to pursue the sequel to his 1973 debut album free from previous contractual constraints.[15] To structure the new work, Oldfield analyzed the original Tubular Bells by dividing it into distinct sections to visualize and reimagine the flow while maintaining a similar multi-part suite format. This approach enabled him to develop recurring themes that weave through the album, creating a cohesive narrative that echoes the original's instrumental progression but with fresh compositions and a more polished, contemporary sound. The album's 14 tracks form a continuous 58-minute suite, mirroring the original's side-long structure but incorporating layered instrumentation and motifs that recur, such as the ethereal bell-like tones and rhythmic builds, to evoke a sense of continuity and evolution.[16] Oldfield used a toy set of tubular bells to replicate the resonant, haunting sound of the original album's signature instrument. Musical inspirations drew from science fiction, particularly Arthur C. Clarke's short stories, influencing track titles like "Sunjammer" (from "The Wind from the Sun") and "Sentinel" (from "The Sentinel"), which infuse the suite with themes of cosmic exploration and mystery. These elements combine to form a homage that balances nostalgia with innovation, emphasizing Oldfield's multi-instrumental prowess in crafting intricate, thematic soundscapes.[3][11]Production
Recording
The recording of Tubular Bells II took place primarily in a rented house in Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, with additional sessions, including initial demos, at Mike Oldfield's home studio, Roughwood Croft, in Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire, UK.[3][12][17] Oldfield relocated temporarily to Los Angeles to facilitate collaboration with key personnel, setting up a portable studio there in under a day using multicore cables for efficiency.[3] Trevor Horn served as the overall producer, bringing a polished, modern edge to the project, while Tom Newman acted as co-producer and engineer, drawing on his experience from the original Tubular Bells.[3][17] The production emphasized a blend of contemporary digital recording methods—such as the Sony PCM-3348 digital multitrack recorder for storage and precision editing—with analog elements like tube amplifiers to capture warm, natural harmonics, paying homage to the original album's analog roots.[18] This approach allowed for clean digital sampling of vintage sounds, like 1970s electric organ tones, while avoiding digital simulations that lacked authenticity.[18] The recording process overlapped significantly with the album's composition, beginning in June 1991 shortly after Oldfield's Virgin Records contract concluded, and wrapping up by mid-1992 ahead of its August release.[3][17] Initial demos, such as the track "Early Stages," were produced by Oldfield and Newman at Roughwood Croft before the Los Angeles sessions commenced, providing a foundation for the full ensemble work.[3] Key sound design choices focused on multi-tracking and layering to build the album's continuous suite structure, with guitars resampled digitally for exact alignment to sequencer timelines and synthesizers layered alongside for thematic depth.[18] Custom elements, including digitally enhanced bell samples with adjustable harmonics to match chord progressions, contributed to the intricate, evolving sonic landscape.[18]Personnel
Mike Oldfield served as the primary composer, producer, engineer, and mixer for Tubular Bells II, while also performing on a wide array of instruments including electric guitar, classical guitar, flamenco guitar, twelve-string guitar, acoustic guitars, mandolin, banjo, double speed guitar, grand piano, Hammond organ, synthesizers, programming, timpani, glockenspiel, triangle, tambourine, cymbals, toy percussion, handclaps, orchestral bass drum, and tubular bells.[19] Guest musicians included John Robinson on drums for the track "Altered State," Susannah Melvoin and Edie Lehmann on vocals, Sally Bradshaw providing a vocal solo, and bagpipes performed by the P.D. Scots Pipe Band and Celtic Bevy Band.[19][20] Additional contributions came from Jamie Muhoberac on keyboards, special effects, noises, and drum loops, as well as Eric Cadieux on programming and digital sound processing.[21][22] The production team featured Trevor Horn as co-producer, Tom Newman as co-producer and engineer, Steve MacMillan as engineer and mixer, and Tim Weidner as engineer.[19][20] Other technical support included Jeremy Parker as personal assistant to Mike Oldfield.[19] Alan Rickman provided the spoken narration as the Master of Ceremonies under the pseudonym "A Strolling Player" on "The Bell."[21]Master of Ceremonies
The Master of Ceremonies role in Tubular Bells II recreates the theatrical announcement sequence from the original 1973 Tubular Bells, featuring a spoken narration that introduces the array of instruments during the track "The Bell." This element pays homage to the eccentric style originated by Vivian Stanshall on the debut album, enhancing the piece's dramatic buildup and sense of spectacle.[11] On the main album release, British actor Alan Rickman provides the narration, credited pseudonymously as "a strolling player" for his Shakespearian delivery, which infuses the segment with theatrical gravitas and echoes Stanshall's whimsical yet authoritative tone. Rickman's contribution was recorded separately from the primary instrumental sessions, allowing for focused overdubbing to integrate seamlessly with the music.[19][11] Alternative versions of the narration appear on various single editions of "The Bell," featuring comedian Billy Connolly in an English-language remix and a pre-death recording by Vivian Stanshall himself. International variants include a German edition narrated by comedian MC Otto and a Spanish edition by MC Carlos Finaly, adapting the introductions to local languages while preserving the original's playful structure.[23][11]Content
Songs
Tubular Bells II consists of a series of interconnected tracks that form a continuous musical suite lasting approximately 58 minutes, blending progressive rock, classical orchestration, and electronic elements to create a cohesive narrative flow. The album's structure mirrors the original Tubular Bells in its multi-part progression, but incorporates recurring motifs that unify the pieces, such as a haunting guitar theme introduced late in the opening track and echoed variably throughout. These motifs, often built around layered guitars and synthesizers, evoke a sense of cosmic exploration, drawing subtle inspiration from science fiction concepts.[3][24] The album opens with "Sentinel," an 8:06 instrumental that establishes the core guitar theme through a teasing piano introduction, liquid guitar lines, and ominous chords building to a grand climax with tubular bells. This track sets a majestic tone, transitioning seamlessly into subsequent pieces via fading echoes and rhythmic pulses. An early demo version of this theme, titled "Early Stages" and released as a B-side to the "Sentinel" single, presents an embryonic form with simpler arrangements before the full production's orchestral swells.[25][3][11] "Dark Star" follows as a 2:16 instrumental build-up, accelerating the tempo with dynamic energy and bass-driven propulsion, echoing the exploratory drive of the original album while intensifying the suite's momentum through rapid guitar riffs and percussive layers. This short interlude propels the listener into "Clear Light," where motifs from "Sentinel" expand gently before returning to bells, maintaining the continuous ebb and flow.[25][24] Central to the album's thematic core is "The Bell," a 6:55 track featuring narration by Alan Rickman as the Master of Ceremonies, who introduces instruments in a style reminiscent of the original's Viv Stanshall segment, culminating in an orchestral swell with synthesized and real tubular bells. The narration blends wry humor with grandeur, listing elements like grand piano and digital sound processing, while the music weaves rock guitars with classical strings for an uplifting resolution.[24][18][11] Recurring motifs, such as the guitar-led theme from "Sentinel," reappear in varied forms across the suite—for instance, in the heavy riffs of "Sunjammer," a 2:32 track evoking solar sail propulsion through funky guitars and electronic pulses, inspired by Arthur C. Clarke's short story of the same name about a space yacht race. This sci-fi nod, alongside "Sentinel's" reference to Clarke's lunar pyramid tale, infuses the album with ethereal, otherworldly connections, blending genres to propel the journey toward its banjo-driven finale in "Moonshine." Transitions between tracks are fluid, with harmonic overlaps and fading motifs ensuring the piece unfolds as a single, immersive entity.[24][11][25]Track Listing
Tubular Bells II, released in 1992 on CD by Warner Bros. Records, comprises 14 tracks all composed by Mike Oldfield. The album follows the structure of its 1973 predecessor by being conceived as a continuous musical suite, with tracks serving as segments of the overall composition rather than standalone songs.[19][26]| No. | Title | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sentinel | 8:06 |
| 2 | Dark Star | 2:16 |
| 3 | Clear Light | 5:47 |
| 4 | Blue Saloon | 2:58 |
| 5 | Sunjammer | 2:32 |
| 6 | Red Dawn | 1:49 |
| 7 | The Bell | 6:55 |
| 8 | Weightless | 5:43 |
| 9 | The Great Plain | 4:46 |
| 10 | Sunset Door | 2:23 |
| 11 | Tattoo | 4:14 |
| 12 | Altered State | 5:12 |
| 13 | Maya Gold | 4:00 |
| 14 | Moonshine | 1:42 |
Presentation
Artwork
The artwork for Tubular Bells II centers on a striking cover image depicting a golden, bent tubular bell positioned against a dark blue background, captured by photographer Trevor Key.[28] This design, handled by Bill Smith Studio, maintains the minimalist aesthetic characteristic of Mike Oldfield's visual style, emphasizing simplicity and symbolism through the metallic form.[29] The cover features a golden bell, contrasting with the grey/silver bell of the original Tubular Bells. Inside the album packaging, the booklet includes a clean layout for track credits and personnel.[3][30]Packaging
The original 1992 edition of Tubular Bells II was released in multiple physical formats, including CD, cassette, and vinyl LP. The CD came in a standard jewel case featuring a black tray and an 8-page accordion-folded booklet containing the track listing (without timings) and production credits.[30] Cassette editions utilized a J-card insert, while the vinyl LP included an inner sleeve for protection.[19] The liner notes provide comprehensive credits for the album's creation, with Mike Oldfield listed as composer, producer, and performer on instruments including electric guitar, classical guitar, flamenco guitar, twelve-string guitar, acoustic guitars, mandolin, banjo, double-speed guitar, grand piano, Hammond organ, synthesizers, programming, timpani, glockenspiel, triangle, tambourine, cymbals, toy percussion, handclaps, orchestral bass drum, and tubular bells; he also served as engineer.[19] Additional personnel included Steve MacMillan and Tom Newman as engineers, Trevor Horn as co-producer, and guest musicians such as Susannah Melvoin, Edie Lehmann, and Sally Bradshaw on vocals, along with technical support from Richard Barrie.[3] Acknowledgments in the notes extend to the recording team, publishers EMI Music and Oldfield Music Overseas Ltd., and manufacturing by Warner Music Manufacturing Europe, with copyright held by Warner Music UK Ltd. and Oldfield Music Overseas Ltd.[30] The booklet serves as the primary insert, offering detailed production information without additional physical extras like posters or lyric sheets in standard editions.[30] A 1992 UK mail-order cassette edition featured alternate audio for the Master of Ceremonies segment with Tom Newman, differing from the standard Alan Rickman narration used elsewhere.[19] Later remasters include reissues such as the 2015 Japanese SHM-CD edition, which retained the original packaging structure while updating audio quality,[31] and the 2022 Record Store Day limited-edition blue marbled vinyl, pressed on 180-gram heavyweight vinyl.[19]Release and Promotion
Release Details
Tubular Bells II was officially released on 31 August 1992 by Warner Music UK, marking Mike Oldfield's first album with the label after two decades at Virgin Records, while WEA handled international distribution.[32] The album debuted in various global markets shortly thereafter, including the United States on 15 September 1992 via Reprise Records and Japan on 25 September 1992.[32] Initial formats emphasized compact disc as the primary medium in key markets like Europe and North America, reflecting the era's shift toward digital audio, though vinyl pressings were produced for select regions including Europe and Australia.[19] Cassette editions also appeared in Europe, providing broader accessibility in portable audio formats.[19] The lead single, "Sentinel", preceded the full album release and was issued on 21 September 1992, featuring a restructured version of the track from the album.[33] Later reissues include a 2015 remastered edition on 180-gram vinyl, mastered using Direct Metal Mastering for enhanced audio fidelity, and the album's inclusion in the 2014 Rhino Records box set The Studio Albums: 1992-2003.[19] A limited-edition vinyl reissue was also released for Record Store Day in 2022.[7]Marketing Strategies
Following his departure from Virgin Records after a contentious contract dispute, Mike Oldfield signed with Warner Music and positioned Tubular Bells II as his debut release for the label, strategically leveraging the legacy of the original 1973 album to generate anticipation among longtime fans.[34][12] The campaign emphasized the sequel's conceptual ties to the breakthrough work that had sold over 16 million copies worldwide, framing it as a modern reinterpretation timed ahead of the original's 20th anniversary celebrations.[35] Marketing efforts targeted the album's core demographic by analyzing sales data from the first Tubular Bells, which had performed strongly among students in the 1970s; Warner Bros. calculated their current age range and directed advertising campaigns accordingly to recapture that nostalgic audience.[36] The lead single, "Sentinel," received focused promotion through an official music video that underscored the album's status as a direct successor, featuring restructured elements from the original to draw in progressive rock enthusiasts.[37] A pivotal media event was the album's live premiere at Edinburgh Castle on September 4, 1992, staged as a grand spectacle for 8,000 attendees and broadcast to an estimated 100 million television viewers worldwide, amplifying pre-release buzz through visual and performative spectacle.[35] This concert, complete with elaborate production elements like artificial snow and a massive illuminated tubular bell, served as a key tie-in to sustain interest leading up to the album's full release the following week.[35] Promotional materials, including videos, incorporated footage from the event to highlight the sequel's orchestral scope and Oldfield's multi-instrumental prowess.[38]Critical Reception
Initial Reviews
Upon its 1992 release, Tubular Bells II elicited mixed responses from critics, many of whom approached it warily as a sequel to Mike Oldfield's landmark 1973 debut album, which had set high expectations for innovation in progressive rock. In a positive assessment, Q magazine's Mat Snow lauded the album's production, crediting Trevor Horn for infusing a modern polish that enhanced its emotional depth without diluting the original's intricate, multi-layered essence; Snow called it a "more consistent but less tune-happy musical sequence" overall.[39] Horn's involvement was highlighted for refining Oldfield's dense overdubs into a cohesive, airy sound, transforming potentially chaotic elements into accessible yet ambitious prog.[40] Conversely, Melody Maker delivered a scathing critique, dismissing the album as "appalling" and lacking genuine innovation, with its attempts at modernity coming across as "false, like the very worst pub rock played on a nuclear-powered church organ."[41] The review faulted its indulgent structure and failure to recapture the predecessor's raw energy, suggesting it induced boredom rather than engagement. Reflecting broader UK press sentiments, the album garnered mixed opinions on its musicianship—praised for technical prowess but critiqued for a formulaic adherence to the original's blueprint—resulting in an average rating around 3 out of 5 stars across major outlets. Internationally, reception was warmer in Germany, where reviewers on sites like Babyblaue Seiten celebrated its fusion of classical influences with rock instrumentation as a high-quality, ambitious evolution, awarding it strong scores averaging over 10 out of 15 for its elegant composition and stylistic blend.[42]Retrospective Views
In the years following its release, Tubular Bells II has been increasingly recognized as a pivotal work in Mike Oldfield's discography, particularly for marking his transition from Virgin Records to Warner Bros. after two decades with the former label. This shift, occurring amid Oldfield's relocation to Los Angeles and collaboration with producer Trevor Horn, positioned the album as a bridge between his earlier experimental prog rock phase and a more polished, accessible sound influenced by 1990s production trends.[12] The album's rerecording of motifs from the 1973 original, while incorporating modern electronic elements, allowed Oldfield to revisit his breakthrough while adapting to contemporary electronica shifts in progressive rock.[25] Critics in retrospective assessments have praised Tubular Bells II for its fidelity to the spirit of the original while evolving its structures, often rating it highly for its emotional depth and instrumental craftsmanship. AllMusic awards it 4 out of 5 stars, highlighting its success as it "succeeds mightily" through updates to the sonics and technology with Oldfield's flair for studied grandiosity.[43] Similarly, a 2023 Sputnikmusic review describes it as a "captivating continuation" that remains "wistful, delicate and hugely respectful of the original's legacy," emphasizing its enduring appeal in prog rock contexts.[44] These views contrast with the album's initial mixed reception in 1992, where some critics found it overly derivative, but later analyses credit its replay value for sustaining interest amid the 1990s' blend of ambient and electronic influences.[29] In progressive rock histories and fan communities, Tubular Bells II is frequently discussed as a successful follow-up that revitalized Oldfield's career during a period when prog was navigating electronica crossovers. Prog Archives users rate it 3.60 out of 5 based on 404 ratings and 26 reviews (as of November 2025), commending its role as an original yet homage-filled sequel, with many noting its atmospheric sections like "Weightless" as highlights that hold up in modern listens.[29] Fan sites such as Rate Your Music reflect this acclaim, assigning an average of 3.38 out of 5 from 1,445 ratings, where enthusiasts particularly value its adaptations for live performance, which enhanced its accessibility and longevity beyond studio confines.[45]Commercial Performance
Chart Positions
Tubular Bells II debuted strongly on international music charts following its September 1992 release, reflecting renewed interest in Mike Oldfield's instrumental work two decades after his breakthrough debut. The album topped the UK Albums Chart for two weeks in September and October 1992, accumulating 30 weeks on the chart across its initial run and re-entries in 1993.[4] It also secured top-ten placements in several European markets, underscoring its appeal to progressive and new age audiences, including number one in Spain. The lead single "Sentinel," a restructured edit of the album's opening track, reached number 10 on the UK Singles Chart in October 1992, marking Oldfield's highest-charting single since the 1980s.[46]| Country | Chart | Peak Position | Weeks on Chart |
|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | UK Albums Chart | 1 | 30 |
| Spain | Promusicae | 1 | 20 |
| United Kingdom | UK Singles Chart ("Sentinel") | 10 | 6 |
| Austria | Ö3 Austria Top 40 | 4 | 16 |
| Germany | Media Control Charts | 7 | 23 |
| Sweden | Sverigetopplistan | 18 | 2 |