Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Two-point conversion

In American football, a two-point conversion is a post-touchdown scoring attempt in which the offensive team, starting from the two-yard line, endeavors to advance the ball into the opponent's end zone via a run or pass play to earn two additional points, serving as an alternative to the one-point extra-point kick attempted from the 15-yard line. This play, known formally as a "Try" under league rules, occurs on a single scrimmage down and allows for various outcomes: a successful touchdown yields two points, while a field goal or safety during the attempt scores one point. The defensive team can also score two points by intercepting a pass, recovering a fumble, or blocking a kick and returning the ball to the opponent's end zone. The two-point conversion was introduced to the () in 1994 as a strategic option to add excitement and variability to games, marking its 30th anniversary in the 2024 season. Prior to this, extra points were limited to kicks, but the rule change—adopted 25 years after the AFL-NFL merger—enabled teams to pursue higher rewards at greater risk, influencing late-game decisions and comebacks. In 2015, the adjusted the extra-point kick distance to the 15-yard line (from two yards) while keeping the two-point attempt at the two-yard line, aiming to balance the options and increase the viability of going for two, as the kick's success rate hovered around 99% previously. Since that modification, two-point conversions have succeeded approximately 47.5% of the time, compared to about 95% for extra-point kicks, prompting coaches to employ advanced for decisions based on down, distance, time remaining, and score differential. Notable historical moments include the first successful NFL two-point conversion, scored by Cleveland Browns punter Tom Tupa on a fake extra-point attempt against the Cincinnati Bengals on September 4, 1994, and dramatic successes in playoffs, such as the Indianapolis Colts' two-point conversion in the 2006 AFC Championship Game, where Peyton Manning passed to Marvin Harrison to tie the score against the New England Patriots. The play extends to other levels of football, including college (NCAA, from the three-yard line) and high school variants, though with slight procedural differences, and has become a staple in international leagues like NFL Europe. Its strategic depth continues to evolve, with recent trends showing increased usage in close contests to prevent opponents from tying via a field goal.

Fundamentals

Definition and Purpose

In , a two-point conversion is a scoring play executed immediately after a , enabling the team that scored the to attempt two additional points by advancing the ball across the opponent's goal line during a single scrimmage down from a designated spot near the end zone, as an alternative to the one-point extra point attempt via kick. A itself awards six points when the ball is advanced into the end zone, triggering this post-touchdown try phase where the offense aims to add to their score without a defensive score intervening. This option applies in both professional leagues like the and collegiate play under NCAA rules, providing a uniform across levels of the sport. The core purpose of the two-point conversion is to introduce strategic flexibility for teams, allowing coaches to balance the potential for a higher reward against the risk of gaining no points at all, which is particularly valuable in close contests or scenarios where precise score management can determine the outcome. Unlike the more reliable one-point kick, which has a near-certain success rate under standard conditions, the two-point attempt demands offensive execution akin to a short-yardage play, fostering calculated decision-making that can widen leads or narrow deficits effectively. This element enhances game excitement by elevating the stakes of each , encouraging innovative play-calling while maintaining competitive balance. Introduced to add tactical depth to scoring strategies, the two-point conversion expands beyond the traditional extra point routine, though its full evolution across leagues is a broader historical narrative.

Execution and Scoring

In American football, the two-point conversion, also known as a try, is attempted immediately following a touchdown as an untimed scrimmage down, with the game clock remaining stopped throughout the play. The scoring team must advance the ball into the opponent's end zone on a single play from scrimmage to earn two points, and no field goal attempt is permitted during this phase. The ball is spotted at the opponent's two-yard line in the (), centered between the inbounds lines, though the offense may choose a spot between the hash marks before the play clock reaches 25 seconds. In the (NCAA) and (CFL), the ball is instead placed at the three-yard line, midway between the hash marks, with similar options for the offense to select a spot on or between the hash marks. The play commences when the referee signals the ball ready for play, allowing the offense to attempt a run or pass, while the defense aims to prevent advancement. A successful conversion awards two points if any part of the ball breaks the plane of the goal line while in the possession of an inbounds , following the same criteria as during regular play. The attempt fails and awards no points if the ball does not reach the end zone, the pass is incomplete, the ball goes , or a is recovered only by the fumbler; in such cases, the play ends immediately with the ball declared dead, and no replay is allowed except in response to penalties. Penalties during the try are enforced according to each league's general foul rules, typically resulting in yardage adjustments from the spot of the foul while keeping the attempt live, though options may include replaying the down or applying the penalty to the succeeding kickoff. For instance, an offensive incurs a five-yard penalty and potential loss of down in the and NCAA, potentially nullifying a score if accepted, while defensive holding might move the ball closer to the goal line or allow a replay. In the CFL, similar infractions like time count violations result in five-yard losses, with major fouls enforced on the subsequent kickoff or by repeating the convert. After the try concludes, regardless of outcome, the succeeding kickoff follows standard procedures.

Historical Development

Origins in College Football

The two-point conversion was introduced to by the (NCAA) in 1958 as an optional alternative to the traditional one-point kick after a . Proposed by Fritz Crisler, Michigan's former coach and chair of the NCAA Rules Committee, the rule allowed teams to attempt a scrimmage play from the opponent's three-yard line, awarding two points for a successful run or pass into the end zone. This innovation replaced the sole reliance on kicking, providing coaches with a strategic choice to potentially gain an extra point at the risk of scoring none. The primary motivations for adopting the two-point conversion stemmed from efforts to boost excitement in the game, reduce the frequency of tie games, and diminish dependence on the often unreliable and "dull" one-point , which had a success rate of just 65.3% in 1957 due to narrow goalposts measuring 18 feet, 6 inches apart. Crisler drew inspiration from , where a similar two-point option had been used, aiming to encourage more aggressive and dynamic post-touchdown plays. The rule was implemented as optional from the outset, allowing teams to select either the kick or the scrimmage attempt based on game situations, including close scores where avoiding ties was crucial. In its inaugural 1958 season, the two-point conversion saw significant early adoption across 578 NCAA games, with teams attempting it 1,371 times—outpacing the 1,295 one-point kicks—and achieving a 44.7% success rate, compared to 48.6% for kicks. Usage was particularly high at 51.4% of all post-touchdown conversions, reflecting coaches' enthusiasm for the new option amid kicking inaccuracies. Notable early examples included , which set a single-season record with an average of 2.22 successful two-point conversions per game that year. However, initial enthusiasm was tempered by the inherent risks of the play compared to kicking. The rule's evolution in the pre-1980s period involved minor adjustments rather than major overhauls, maintaining its optional status as a standard feature of NCAA play by . A key tweak came in 1959 when goalposts were widened to 23 feet, 4 inches, improving one-point kick success to 75.4% and causing two-point attempts to decline sharply to 27.7% of conversions by , with a similar 44.2% success rate. This shift highlighted kicking's growing reliability, particularly with the rise of soccer-style placekickers in the and , leading to limited but stable use of the two-point option until later integrations with overtime rules.

Adoption in Professional Leagues

The adopted the two-point conversion in 1960, allowing teams to attempt a scrimmage play from the three-yard line for two points as an alternative to the one-point kick. This rule was used throughout the 's existence until the 1970 merger with the , after which it was not retained in the unified league. The introduced the two-point conversion rule in March 1994, when owners unanimously approved the change proposed by the competition committee, with implementation set for the 1994 season. The play was attempted from the opponent's 2-yard line, providing teams the option to score two points via a run or pass instead of the traditional one-point kick. This addition aimed to inject more strategic depth into post-touchdown decisions, reducing the predictability of routine seven-point touchdowns by encouraging coaches to weigh risk against reward. The first successful NFL two-point conversion occurred on September 4, 1994, during Week 1, when punter ran for the score on a fake extra-point attempt against the . Early adoption saw limited usage, with teams attempting the play sparingly as they adjusted to the new option. Over the initial years from 1994 to , the success rate hovered around 45 percent, highlighting the defensive challenge while underscoring its role in adding game unpredictability and rewarding aggressive play-calling. In the Canadian Football League (CFL), the two-point conversion was adopted in 1975, predating the 's implementation and drawing influence from its earlier use as a precursor in starting in 1958. Attempts in the CFL originate from the opponent's 3-yard line, aligning with the league's emphasis on passing and wide-open play styles that favor such high-risk, high-reward opportunities. Like the , the rule's motivations centered on enhancing strategic variety and diminishing the certainty of one-point kicks, though the CFL maintained this format without major alterations until 2015 adjustments to conversion procedures.

Implementation in Other Leagues

In governed by the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), the two-point conversion was adopted in 1992, allowing teams to attempt a play from the three-yard line as an alternative to the one-point kick after a . Initially optional in some states, the rule became standardized nationwide to promote strategic and align with broader trends in the sport. In overtime periods under NFHS rules, teams must attempt a two-point conversion after any , with the play executed as a run or pass to determine the outcome more decisively. Internationally, the (IFAF) incorporates the two-point conversion in its rules, starting the attempt from the opponent's three-yard line to mirror NCAA procedures for global consistency. This alignment facilitates international competitions and player development, with the snap occurring midway between the hash marks or at the team's chosen spot on or behind the three-yard line. In extra periods, IFAF mandates two-point tries beginning with the second overtime, emphasizing risk and reward in prolonged games. Earlier iterations in leagues like , active from the 1990s to 2007, tested the two-point option from the two-yard line as a developmental ground for rules, contributing to its refinement before wider adoption. In minor professional leagues, implementations vary to enhance excitement and strategy. The 2019 XFL eliminated traditional extra-point kicks, requiring teams to choose between a one-point try from the two-yard line, a two-point try from the five-yard line, or a three-point try from the ten-yard line, all via run or pass. Similarly, the United Football League (UFL), launched in 2024, follows this tiered system with the same yardage options and point values, allowing defensive returns of turnovers to score equivalent points. These adaptations often draw from NCAA and NFL models for uniformity, while some minor leagues mandate two-point attempts in overtime to accelerate resolutions, such as alternating plays from the five-yard line without kicks in the UFL.

Strategic Aspects

Deciding Between One- and Two-Point Conversions

Coaches in must weigh several factors when deciding between attempting a one-point extra point or a two-point conversion after a , with the choice often hinging on the game's score differential and time remaining. In situations where a team trails by one point, coaches typically opt for the one-point to the game, especially if more than 15-20 seconds remain, allowing time for further plays; however, with minimal time left, a two-point attempt may be chosen to secure an outright win and avoid . When down by two points, teams frequently go for two early in the game to even the score without needing another score, while a one-point suffices very early to maintain flexibility. Similarly, trailing by eight points in the mid-third quarter prompts a two-point try to position the team for a potential one-point or the next . Leading by one point in the second half often leads to a two-point attempt to extend the advantage to a field-goal margin. Additional influences include defensive fatigue, weather conditions, and overall game flow, which can tilt decisions toward riskier plays. Late in games, a fatigued may struggle to stop a two-point attempt, particularly after a long drive that exhausts opponents, making the conversion more viable for an aggressive push. Adverse , such as or strong winds, disadvantages kickers more than running or short passing plays used in two-point attempts, prompting teams to forgo the extra point; for instance, in snowy conditions, coaches have successfully opted for two to exploit running strength unaffected by elements. These situational elements underscore the need for coaches to assess dynamics beyond static . Coaching philosophies further shape these choices, ranging from conservative approaches that prioritize the high success rate of one-point kicks—around 94 percent since —to aggressive strategies that embrace two-point tries for potential edges, despite their roughly 48 percent success rate. , known for bold tactics during his tenure with the , exemplified this in , opting for a two-point conversion after a third-quarter to extend a 24-17 lead over the , aiming to force the opponents into a must-score scenario rather than settling for an 18-point cushion. Such decisions reflect Payton's belief in high-risk calls during pivotal moments to seize momentum, contrasting with more cautious coaches who avoid the downside of a failed two-pointer leaving the team short by an odd number. Ultimately, the balances the security of a near-certain one point against the upside of two, where failure might necessitate an extra score later, but success can decisively alter game outcomes.

Success Rates and Mathematical Analysis

In the (NFL), two-point conversions have succeeded at an overall rate of approximately 48% since their introduction in 1994. In under (NCAA) rules, the historical success rate has hovered around 42%, with early data from the rule's adoption showing an average of 42.7% and more recent figures from the 2000s averaging 40.5%. These rates reflect the inherent risk of attempting a play from the two-yard line compared to the near-certainty of an extra-point kick, which succeeds about 95% of the time. Mathematical analysis of two-point conversions centers on (EV), a key metric in . The EV for a two-point attempt is calculated as EV_{2} = 2p, where p is the success probability, since failure yields zero points. For a one-point , EV_{1} \approx 0.95, assuming a 95% success rate. The breakeven point occurs when $2p > 0.95, or p > 47.5\%; thus, two-point conversions become preferable if the team's estimated success rate exceeds this threshold. This framework, derived from historical play data, underscores why coaches weigh situational factors like score differential and time remaining against these probabilities. The evolution of analytics has refined these calculations through advanced models that predict play outcomes and optimal strategies. Statistical approaches, including Poisson distributions for modeling scoring events and play success probabilities, enable teams to simulate game scenarios and estimate when a two-point attempt maximizes win probability. For instance, the Philadelphia Eagles in the 2010s increased their two-point attempts under data-driven coaching, bucking league norms by leveraging analytics to identify favorable spots, such as late-game situations down by multiple scores. In recent years, success rates have shown variability amid rising attempt volumes driven by analytics adoption. Over the last five NFL seasons through 2024, the league-wide rate stood at 47.6%, slightly above the breakeven but below earlier peaks. The 2024 season saw a dip to 41%, the lowest in 15 years, attributed partly to more aggressive usage in high-pressure moments. In NCAA football, 2020s data indicate a rebound, with conversion rates reaching the highest levels since the 1970s due to increased attempts and tactical shifts. Factors like quarterback mobility have boosted rates in specific contexts; mobile signal-callers enable higher-success run options, such as the "tush push," converting at over 50% in recent NFL data compared to pass attempts at around 43%.

Unusual Scenarios

Defensive Two-Point Conversions

The defensive two-point conversion represents a rare scoring mechanism for the during a point-after-touchdown attempt, introduced by the in 2015 alongside broader changes to extra-point procedures. On May 19, 2015, league owners approved rules moving extra-point kicks to the 15-yard line and maintaining two-point conversion attempts at the two-yard line, while adding the provision that the defense could return an , , or blocked kick from the try to the opponent's for two points. This adjustment aimed to increase the strategic value of two-point tries by introducing defensive upside, though it has resulted in infrequent scoring opportunities. Mechanically, the play unfolds during the two-point conversion phase, where the offense attempts to advance the ball from the two-yard line. If the secures a turnover—via , recovery, or blocked kick—they may return the ball the length of the field to the opposite , earning two points in a manner akin to a return but confined to the try. The returner must fully cross the goal line for the score to register; if the ball is downed or recovered short of the , the defense receives no points, and the offense's attempt simply fails. The inaugural defensive two-point conversion occurred on December 6, 2015, when linebacker scooped a blocked extra-point kick by defensive tackle and returned it 98 yards against the , preserving a 14-14 tie in a game the Saints ultimately lost. These events have remained scarce, with 14 recorded through the 2025 season, including four in 2016 alone and only four since 2020; prominent examples include the September 29, 2024, return by defensive back (60 yards against the ) and the most recent on January 11, 2025, when Houston Texans cornerback D'Angelo Ross returned a blocked extra-point attempt 85 yards against the in a playoff game. Such scores carry significant momentum implications, often occurring late in halves and turning a potential one-point gain for the offense into a two-point advantage for the defense, thereby tightening the game's margin without allowing the offense any points from the attempt.

Conversion Safeties

A conversion safety, also known as a one-point , occurs when the defensive team gains possession of the ball during a try after —either a one-point extra point attempt or a two-point —and a defensive player is subsequently tackled in their own . This unusual scoring play awards one point to the offensive team that just scored the touchdown, rather than the typical two points for a in regular play. The rule applies exclusively during the try phase, where the ball is live and remains in play until declared dead, allowing for potential turnovers or fumbles that could lead to this outcome. Under NFL Rule 11, Section 3, Article 2, if the try results in what would ordinarily be a against the defense (no kick attempted), one point is awarded to the offense; similarly, for NCAA rules in Rule 8-3-4, a by the defense during a try scores one point for the offense. The provision has been part of official rulebooks for decades, with the first recorded instance occurring in 1971. Such events are extraordinarily rare, with no occurrences in NFL history as of November 2025, though near-misses have happened, such as in a Week 1 2025 Baltimore Ravens-Buffalo Bills game where Ravens safety Kyle Hamilton nearly caused one on a Bills two-point attempt. In football, only three instances are documented: Syracuse against in 1971, Texas against Texas A&M in 2004, and Oregon against State in the , where a blocked extra-point attempt led to a Kansas State player being tackled in the end zone after recovering the ball. Unlike a standard , which awards two points to the defense, the conversion is valued at one point due to the special scoring context of the try, which limits potential points to one or two overall. Following the award, the team against which the one-point was scored puts the ball in play by a from its own 20-yard line, in both and NCAA rules.

Rule Variations and Adjustments

Differences Across Leagues

The two-point conversion rules vary significantly across major football leagues, primarily in terms of starting yardage, overtime requirements, and procedural nuances influenced by field dimensions or penalty applications. In the (NFL) and the former (AFL), attempts begin from the 2-yard line, providing a shorter distance that aligns with the league's narrower field width of approximately 53⅓ yards between sidelines. This setup facilitates quicker plays but increases defensive proximity, differing from the longer starting positions in other codes. In contrast, the (NCAA), under the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), and the (IFAF) all position the ball at the 3-yard line for two-point attempts, extending the challenge by an additional yard on fields measuring 53⅓ yards wide. The IFAF rules explicitly mirror NCAA procedures for these conversions, including the 3-yard starting spot and options for run or pass plays to cross the goal line. Similarly, the Canadian Football League (CFL) uses a 3-yard line start, but its wider 65-yard field allows for more lateral spacing in formations, potentially altering blocking schemes and pass routes during the attempt. Overtime protocols further highlight these differences, particularly regarding mandatory two-point attempts. The NCAA requires teams to attempt a two-point conversion after any starting in the second period, a rule implemented in 2021 and unchanged through the 2025 season to shorten prolonged games and reduce fatigue. The IFAF adopts a comparable structure, mandating two-point tries from the second extra period onward. In the , however, teams retain the choice between a one-point kick or two-point attempt in all scenarios, without any mandated conversions. High school rules under NFHS follow NCAA closely but do not enforce two-point mandates as early, allowing flexibility in the first period. Additional variations include penalty applications during attempts. In the CFL, fouls on two-point converts—such as holding or illegal contact—are enforced under general scrimmage rules, with options to repeat the play from the previous spot or apply yardage on the next kickoff, though no specific fair catch interference exists since fair catches are not part of CFL kicking plays. This contrasts with leagues like the , where defensive returns of interceptions or fumbles can score but are dead once the offense regains possession.

Changes to Extra Point Rules

In 2015, the () implemented a significant rule adjustment to the extra point kick, moving the from the 2-yard line to the 15-yard line, effectively increasing the kick distance to 33 yards. This change, approved by owners on May 19, 2015, also made the play live, allowing the defense to return a blocked kick, , or for two points. Prior to this, extra point success rates hovered around 99%, rendering the attempt nearly automatic; post-change, the rate fell to approximately 94% in 2015 and has remained in that range, with 92.5% in 2021 marking the lowest since 1979. The primary motivation behind the adjustment was to restore balance between the one-point kick and the two-point conversion, which had success rates around 48% but were rarely attempted due to the reliability of the short kick. By reducing the of the extra point to about 0.94 points while the two-point conversion offered roughly 0.96 points at (assuming 48% success), the rule encouraged more strategic decisions and added excitement to post-touchdown plays. This shift has led to a gradual increase in two-point attempts; through the 2024 season, teams attempted two points after about 9.8% of touchdowns, with trends into maintaining roughly 10% usage amid ongoing analytics-driven . In contrast, the (NCAA) has not altered the extra point kick distance in recent decades, with attempts still originating from the 3-yard line, resulting in a shorter kick of about 19-25 yards and consistently high success rates exceeding 97%. Introduced in 1958 alongside the two-point conversion option, this setup has maintained the extra point as a low-risk choice in , limiting the relative impact of the two-point play despite its availability for over six decades. While NCAA rules allow defensive returns on failed extra points for two points since 1988, the unchanged kick distance has kept two-point attempts infrequent, typically under 5% of touchdowns, as the expected value favors the reliable one-point option.

References

  1. [1]
    Scoring Plays - NFL Football Operations
    SECTION 3 - TRY ... After a touchdown, a Try is an opportunity for either team to score one or two additional points during one scrimmage down subject to 4-8-2-c.
  2. [2]
    2-point conversion turns 30 years old | Pro Football Hall of Fame
    Sep 14, 2024 · In honor of the 2-point conversion's 30th anniversary, the Pro Football Hall of Fame takes a look back at some memorable moments involving “going for 2.”
  3. [3]
    NFL Changes PAT, 2-Point Conversion Rules - Philadelphia Eagles
    May 19, 2015 · The extra point rule for 2015 just changed. Snap for kick from the 15-yard line, 2-pt try stays at 2-yard line and defense can return.
  4. [4]
    The Rise of the N.F.L.'s 2-Point Conversion: A Guide to Strategy
    where teams get to run one play to score from the 2-yard line — was initially a hit with coaches when it was introduced to the ...
  5. [5]
    [PDF] 2021 Football Rules Book | Ngin
    two points, they have the option to forego the try.) b. The try, which is ... Team A lines up for a two-point try attempt at the B-3. Team B has eleven.
  6. [6]
    The art of the 2 point conversion: When and why to go for it
    Oct 12, 2017 · Over the past 10 years, two-point conversions have been attempted after less than 1 percent (0.42) of the touchdowns scored.
  7. [7]
    [PDF] 2024 OFFICIAL PLAYING RULES OF THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL ...
    Dec 2, 2018 · A Try is the attempt by a team that has scored a touchdown to add one point (by a field goal) or two points (by a touchdown) during one ...
  8. [8]
    [PDF] 2024 NCAA Football Rules Book
    VI Team A lines up for a two-point try attempt at the B-3 Team B has eleven ... RULING: (a) Award Team B two points (b) No score, the try is ended, and the ...
  9. [9]
    [PDF] CANADIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE OFFICIAL PLAYING RULES 2024
    If the score is a touchdown, the convert attempt must be a 2- point attempt scrimmaged from the 3-yard line. • If the score is still tied, the procedure is ...
  10. [10]
    The Rouge and the Two-Point Conversion - Football Archaeology
    Jul 8, 2023 · The idea of awarding two points for converting by run or pass in 11-man football originated with Michigan's former coach and athletic director, ...Missing: rulebook | Show results with:rulebook
  11. [11]
    NCAA Changes Both Substitution, Conversion Rules | News
    The committee added another hardship for the proponents of FOOTball, by changing the distance for conversion from two yards to three yards. At the same time, ...
  12. [12]
    NFL OFFICIALLY ADOPTS 2-POINT CONVERSION - Deseret News
    Mar 23, 1994 · The two-point conversion will be run from the 2-yard-line rather than the 3 in college.It was passed along with two other changes designed to ...
  13. [13]
    NFL Sees the Light on Two-Point Conversion - Los Angeles Times
    Mar 17, 1994 · Unlike colleges, which have allowed a two-point conversion attempt from the three-yard line since 1958, the NFL will run the play from the two- ...Missing: initial | Show results with:initial
  14. [14]
    How the 2-point conversion made its way to the NFL | SB Nation
    Oct 9, 2017 · When the NFL adopted the two-point conversion in 1994, kickers were pissed. ... Place kickers were dominating the game; in 1993, NFL teams ...
  15. [15]
    Math Meets Football: Is the New Extra Point a Game-Changer?
    May 20, 2015 · Between the years 1994 and 2012, 1,469 two-point conversions were attempted, with 658 successful. This results in a success rate of 44.8 percent ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  16. [16]
    Two-point conversion | American Football Wiki | Fandom
    In a two-point conversion attempt, the team that just scored must run a play from close to the opponent's goal line (5-yard line in Canadian, 3-yard line in ...Adoption of rule · Defensive two-point conversion · Mathematical application of...
  17. [17]
    Rule 3 - Scoring - Section 2 - Definitions - 2025 Official CFL ... - CFLdb
    If the play terminates with Team A legally in possession in Team B's Goal Area, Team A shall be awarded two points if the ball had been carried or passed across ...
  18. [18]
    As N.F.L. Prepares for Longer Extra Points, C.F.L. Offers a Preview
    Aug 15, 2015 · The C.F.L. had used the 5-yard line as the start for 2-point conversions. But this year, to encourage fewer kicks, the league moved the line of ...
  19. [19]
    Two-point conversion - Wikipedia
    The National Football League (NFL) adopted the two-point conversion rule in 1994, 25 years after the merger.Adoption of rule · Variants · Extra point adjustment · Defensive two-point conversion
  20. [20]
    Overtime in NFHS Rules – High School
    May 21, 2014 · In the overtime, the try may be a pass or run since a two point conversion must be attempted. Any team that scores a touchdown must attempt a ...
  21. [21]
    [PDF] INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL ...
    These rules apply to all IFAF organised competitions and take effect from 1st March 2022. National federations may adopt them earlier for their domestic ...
  22. [22]
    XFL Rules - Pro Football Newsroom
    If a team completes a forward pass behind the line of scrimmage, that team may throw a second forward pass, as long as the ball has at no time crossed the line ...
  23. [23]
    UFL rules
    2025 UFL RULES HIGHLIGHTS · Teams will have three scrimmage play options (run or pass) to elect to go for one, two, or three points after a touchdown: · Overtime ...
  24. [24]
    NFL game management cheat sheet: Guide to fourth downs and 2 ...
    Jan 14, 2023 · Going for two down four points is the equivalent to finding out the result of OT in advance. It's almost a 50/50, just like overtime. And it ...<|control11|><|separator|>
  25. [25]
    NFL coaches who overuse analytics are playing a risky game
    Feb 1, 2024 · The flow of the game and situational factors, however, could hugely influence game-management decisions by Chiefs coach Andy Reid and his 49ers ...
  26. [26]
    When teams should go for two (and why Jack Del Rio was right)
    Sep 21, 2016 · The chart below illustrates a decision boundary relating two-point conversion success vs. ... Also, if the weather is adverse for kickers and the ...
  27. [27]
    The Lions Went For A 2-Point Conversion In A Snow Storm, And It ...
    Dec 8, 2013 · The Lions Went For A 2-Point Conversion In A Snow Storm, And It Was Brilliant ... The Eagles-Lions game has been completely derailed (greatly ...
  28. [28]
    New Orleans Saints cap revival with unlikely victory in Super Bowl ...
    Feb 8, 2010 · Again Payton took the route of greatest resistance, opting for a two-point conversion in a bid to extend that lead to seven points. Brees's ...
  29. [29]
    Almost Always Go for 2-Point Conversions?
    Dec 16, 2010 · So for 2-point conversions to be the higher expected-value play, it would only need to be successful about 49.5% of the time. A strategy mix ...Missing: formula | Show results with:formula
  30. [30]
    NFL Two-Point Conversion Success Rate: Odds of Teams Converting
    Aug 16, 2017 · In the years mentioned the success rate was 48.2%. This would have made the two-point attmepts have a negative expected value, and the smart ...
  31. [31]
    Introducing the Next Gen Stats Decision Guide: A new analytics tool ...
    Sep 7, 2021 · Next Gen Stats introduces a new tool that will take the analytics on fourth down and two-point conversions to the next level.
  32. [32]
    Eagles bucking NFL tradition with 2-point conversion surge - ESPN
    Oct 5, 2019 · "The analytics suggest that kicking the extra point is the better decision in most cases like this," ESPN senior analytics specialist Brian ...
  33. [33]
    NFL analytics: recap of the 2024 regular season
    Jan 27, 2025 · Typically, just under half of two point conversions are successful (the success probability was 47.6% over the last five seasons).
  34. [34]
    Why the NFL's Two-Point Conversion Rate Is At a 15-year Low
    Jun 19, 2025 · NFL offenses converted on just 41% of two-point attempts last season, down from 55% the previous year and the lowest conversion rate in 15 years.
  35. [35]
    College football coaches are going for two and converting at the ...
    Aug 19, 2025 · In 2014, teams set a record by attempting PATs 96.4% of the time and the success rate on 2-point conversions hit a record low of 34.3%. As ...
  36. [36]
    Going for two should be the norm, a win for mobile QBs - ESPN
    Sep 25, 2015 · When extra-point kicks were a virtual certainty, the success rate for two-point conversions needed to be over 50 percent to be the better value.
  37. [37]
    NFL changes PAT rule for 2015 - ESPN
    May 19, 2015 · NFL owners voted to move extra-point kicks to the 15-yard line and allow defenses to score on two-point conversion turnovers.Missing: origin | Show results with:origin
  38. [38]
    NFL moves extra point to 15-yard line for 2015 season
    May 19, 2015 · The NFL announced the extra point will now be kicked from the 15-yard line with two-point conversions remaining at the 2-yard line.Missing: origin | Show results with:origin
  39. [39]
    Everything you need to know about the new point-after-touchdown ...
    Sep 10, 2015 · A defensive interception or recovery of a blocked kick or fumble will give the defense two points if they can return to the offense's end zone.
  40. [40]
    Kevin Williams, Stephone Anthony make history for Saints - ESPN
    Dec 6, 2015 · The Saints (4-7) returned a blocked extra point for a two-point conversion for the first time in NFL history shortly before halftime to preserve ...
  41. [41]
    Saints' Stephone Anthony notches first-ever defensive score off ...
    Dec 6, 2015 · New Orleans' Stephone Anthony is first player to return missed PAT for two-point defensive conversion.
  42. [42]
    NFL offenses are struggling on two-point conversions. No one ...
    Nov 20, 2024 · As the two-point try celebrates 30 years in the NFL rule book, teams are converting a scant 31.3% of them this season, down from 55.1% last year.<|separator|>
  43. [43]
    Philadelphia Eagles score rare defensive two-point conversion
    Sep 29, 2024 · Eagles' cornerback Isaiah Rodgers blocked the extra-point attempt. Kelee Ringo picked the ball up and returned it 60 yards for the two-point conversion.
  44. [44]
    https://www.delawareonline.com/story/sports/nfl/eagles/2024/09/29/philadelphia-eagles-score-rare-defensive-two-point-conversion/75443417007/
  45. [45]
    NFL One-Point Safety Rule: Complete Guide - Refr Sports
    Aug 19, 2025 · The one-point safety can only occur during a point after touchdown (PAT) or a two-point conversion attempt. ... rulebook includes the one-point ...Missing: try | Show results with:try
  46. [46]
    One-point safety - Quirky Research
    Jan 4, 2013 · If a defensive player retreats into his own end zone following an interception, fumble, or blocked kick on a conversion attempt and is tackled there, the ...
  47. [47]
    2025 NFL Rulebook - NFL Football Operations
    The game shall be played upon a rectangular field, 360 feet in length and 160 feet in width. The lines at each end of the field are termed End Lines.
  48. [48]
    [PDF] 2023-NCAA-Football-Rule-Book.pdf
    May 1, 2023 · ... NCAA Football Rules Committee. Edited By: Ty Halpin ... will be one play for a two-point try from the three-yard line, unless relocated.
  49. [49]
    When Defenses Lose Their Point (One-Point Safeties)
    Apr 24, 2024 · The first one-point safety in NCAA or NAIA football came in 1971 when Syracuse earned a touchdown against Indiana. The Orange attempted to kick ...<|separator|>
  50. [50]
    Ravens almost gave up first one-point safety in league history
    Sep 9, 2025 · The first one came in a 2004 game between Texas and Texas A&M. The most famous one then came nine years later when Oregon scored a one-point ...
  51. [51]
    Rare one-point safety awarded to Texas - UPI.com
    Nov 26, 2004 · A little-known rule in college football states that a team trying a two-point conversion will surrender a one-point safety if a member of ...<|separator|>
  52. [52]
    Oregon gets 1-point safety in Fiesta Bowl - Sports Illustrated
    Jan 4, 2013 · Fifth-ranked Oregon was awarded a 1-point safety on an obscure rule against No. 7 Kansas State in the Fiesta Bowl on Thursday night.
  53. [53]
    One Point Safety Rule: Complete Overview - Refr Sports
    Aug 19, 2025 · Historical Examples. While the NFL has never seen a one-point safety in a regular game, college football has provided a few instances.
  54. [54]
    Football Overtime Rules: NFL vs. College Explained - Under Armour
    Two-Point Conversion: Teams are required to attempt a two-point conversion after the 2 nd overtime if they score a touchdown. Two-Point Play: After the 3 rd ...Missing: minor | Show results with:minor
  55. [55]
    Section 1 - The Field - 2025 Official CFL Rulebook on CFLdb
    The field shall be 110 yards long by 65 yards wide. It shall be distinctly marked as indicated herein: The Sidelines mare the sides of the field. The Goal Lines ...
  56. [56]
    How college football overtime works | NCAA.com
    Jan 1, 2025 · Teams will be required to run a 2-point conversion play after a touchdown when a game reaches a second overtime period. Previously, a 2-point ...
  57. [57]
    [PDF] 2025 Rules - Ngin
    • Touchdowns are 6 points. • ALL EXTRA POINTS ARE WORTH 2 POINT. • Safety is worth 2 points. • NO RUNNING-UP SCORE AFTER A FOUR-TOUCHDOWN LEAD (an effort must ...
  58. [58]
    USA Football's Practice Guidelines for Youth Tackle Football Define ...
    USA Football guidelines define full contact as Thud or Live Action, limit it to 30 minutes, and limit practices to 4 (preseason) or 3 (regular season) per week.
  59. [59]
    Longer extra point forcing NFL kickers, coaches to pay attention
    Aug 28, 2015 · Indeed, the new 33-yard extra point is a backhanded compliment of sorts from the NFL to its kickers. Kickers had made the old 20-yarder so ...
  60. [60]
    Extra point success rate down to 92.5 percent, lowest since 1979 : r/nfl
    Dec 9, 2021 · 1.9K votes, 255 comments. Last year's average was 93%. And, since moving the xp line back in 2015, the league average is <94%.Should college football switch to a longer extra point try? - RedditWith the move back to the 15 yard line, extra points dropped from a ...More results from www.reddit.com
  61. [61]
    5 Stats That Show Just How Much The New NFL Extra Point Rules ...
    Dec 24, 2015 · The NFL adopted a new rule this season that moved extra points back from the 2-yard-line to the 15-yard-line, in a move to encourage going ...
  62. [62]
    [PDF] FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP SUBDIVISION RECORDS
    To deter- mine efficiency rating points, multiply a passer's yards per attempt by 8.4, add his completion percentage, add his touchdown percentage times. 3.3, ...<|control11|><|separator|>