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Agrippa

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (c. 63 BC – 12 BC) was a Roman general, statesman, and engineer of equestrian origin whose unwavering loyalty and strategic acumen made him the indispensable ally of Gaius Octavius, later Augustus, in transforming the Roman Republic into an empire.^[1]^[2]^[3] Born to a provincial family without senatorial prestige, Agrippa received his education alongside Octavian in Apollonia and quickly proved his military value after Julius Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, participating in campaigns such as Mutina in 43 BC and Philippi in 42 BC.^[1]^[2] His innovations in naval warfare, including the grappling device known as the harpax, secured decisive victories over Sextus Pompeius at Naulochus in 36 BC and, most famously, Mark Antony and Cleopatra at Actium in 31 BC, enabling Octavian's unchallenged supremacy.^[2] Agrippa held the consulship three times (37, 28, and 27 BC) and received extraordinary honors, such as command of the eastern provinces in 23 BC, yet consistently deferred personal ambition to Augustus, marrying the emperor's daughter Julia in 21 BC and fathering heirs who bolstered the Julio-Claudian line.^[1]^[2] Beyond warfare, Agrippa's administrative genius manifested in extensive infrastructure projects that enhanced Rome's urban fabric and hydraulic systems, including the construction of the Portus Julius naval base, the repair and extension of aqueducts like the Aqua Virgo, and the original Pantheon temple, inscribed with his name and third consulship.^[2] He oversaw the development of public baths, the Via Agrippa road network spanning thousands of kilometers, and pacification efforts in Gaul and Spain around 20 BC, contributing to the stability of the early Principate.^[2] Agrippa's death in 12 BC prompted national mourning, with Augustus adopting his sons Gaius and Lucius as heirs, though their later fates underscored the fragility of dynastic succession; his legacy endures as the architect of imperial foundations through merit rather than noble birth.^[1]^[2]

Etymology

Origins and Historical Usage

The name Agrippa is of uncertain etymology, with one prominent hypothesis deriving it from Ancient Greek ἄγριος (agrios), meaning "wild," combined with ἵππος (hippos), meaning "horse," yielding an interpretation of "wild horse" or evoking untamed vitality.^[4] This Greek origin is posited to have entered Latin nomenclature through cultural contacts in Magna Graecia, though the term lacks direct attestation in early Greek onomastic records.^[5] An alternative explanation, drawn from Roman antiquarian tradition, associates Agrippa with a difficult breech birth ("born feet first"), as noted by Pliny the Elder in reference to the cognomen's auspicious or inauspicious connotations in familial naming practices.^[6] In Roman onomastics, Agrippa functioned predominantly as a cognomen, denoting a branch within a gens, with notable usage in the Republican era among the Menenii, as in Agrippa Menenius Lanatus, who served as consul in 503 BC alongside Publius Postumius Tubertus amid conflicts with the Aequi. It later appeared as a cognomen in the gens Vipsania during the late Republic and early Empire, exemplified by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (c. 63–12 BC), whose adoptive lineage tied it to imperial circles without altering its established form.^[7] Less commonly, Agrippa was employed as a praenomen, reflecting its flexibility in elite naming conventions from the 5th century BC onward, though it never rivaled staples like Marcus or Gaius in frequency. Beyond Roman contexts, Agrippa remained rare, with adoption primarily in Hellenistic Jewish circles influenced by Roman naming practices. In the Herodian dynasty, it denoted rulers like Herod Agrippa I (c. 10 BC–44 AD), grandson of Herod the Great, who received the name possibly in tribute to a Roman benefactor during his upbringing in Tiberius's court, as detailed by Flavius Josephus in Antiquities of the Jews.^[8] Similarly, Herod Agrippa II (c. 27–c. 100 AD), his son, bore the cognomen amid client-king relations with Rome, referenced in the New Testament (Acts 25:13–26:32) during his audience with the apostle Paul in Caesarea around 59 AD. This usage underscores Agrippa's transmission via elite intercultural exchanges rather than widespread diffusion in non-Roman Indo-European traditions.

Historical Figures

Prominent Ancient Individuals

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (c. 63–12 BC) was a Roman general, statesman, and engineer who served as the principal lieutenant to Octavian (later Augustus) during the late Republic's civil wars. Born to a modest family without senatorial rank, Agrippa rose through military prowess, commanding forces against Sextus Pompeius in 38–36 BC and securing naval victories that alleviated grain shortages in Rome. He played a decisive role in the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, where his fleet defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra, enabling Octavian's consolidation of power.^[9] Agrippa held the consulship three times (37, 28, and 27 BC) and oversaw major infrastructure projects, including the Aqua Julia aqueduct completed in 33 BC and the original Pantheon temple dedicated in 27 BC, which demonstrated Roman engineering capacity for urban water supply and monumental architecture.^[10] His contributions stabilized the transition to the Principate, though primary accounts like those of Cassius Dio emphasize his deference to Augustus over independent ambition. Agrippa Menenius Lanatus (fl. 503–493 BC) was an early Roman consul and patrician orator credited with mediating the first Secession of the Plebs in 494 BC. As consul suffectus in 503 BC and possibly earlier, Menenius was dispatched by the Senate to the Sacred Mount, where plebeians had withdrawn in protest against debt bondage and aristocratic exploitation.^[11] He employed the fable of the body and its members—wherein rebellious limbs ignore the stomach's role in nourishment—to argue for interdependence between patricians and plebeians, averting famine and restoring order without immediate structural reforms. Livy's account in Ab Urbe Condita portrays this as a pragmatic resolution to class conflict, leading indirectly to the creation of plebeian tribunes, though the fable's use of organic analogy reflects patrician efforts to justify hierarchical stability amid empirical economic strains. Herod Agrippa I (c. 10 BC–44 AD) ruled as a client king of Judea under Roman oversight from 41 AD, following territorial grants by Emperor Claudius that expanded his domain to include Galilee, Perea, and parts of modern Jordan. Grandson of Herod the Great, Agrippa navigated Roman patronage through diplomacy, securing his kingship after Caligula's assassination via loyalty oaths and prior favor with Tiberius.^[12] He undertook public works in Jerusalem, such as city wall expansions, while suppressing early Christian leaders, including the execution of James the brother of John as recorded in Acts 12:1–2, amid tensions with emerging sects.^[13] Agrippa died abruptly in Caesarea in 44 AD from severe abdominal pains, corroborated by Josephus in Antiquities of the Jews (19.8.2) as resulting from untreated illness during public festivities, which strained Roman-Jewish relations by triggering procuratorial direct rule and subsequent revolts.^[14] His reign empirically linked client monarchy to fragile stability, with Josephus attributing the demise to overreach rather than divine intervention alone.^[15]

Renaissance and Early Modern Figures

Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486–1535) was a German polymath, physician, soldier, and scholar who critiqued medieval scholasticism while exploring Renaissance humanism and esoteric traditions. Born on 14 September 1486 in Cologne, he studied at the University of Cologne from 1499, earning a master's degree by 1502, and later traveled extensively, serving as a military engineer and lecturer on topics including Platonic philosophy and the superiority of women over traditional authorities.^[16] His early works, such as lectures defending women's intellectual capacities against Aristotelian views, reflected a commitment to empirical observation and rational inquiry over dogmatic inheritance.^[16] Agrippa's most influential text, De occulta philosophia libri tres, circulated in manuscript by 1510 and was first fully printed in 1533, synthesizing natural philosophy with elements of Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and Neoplatonism to argue that occult knowledge could reveal divine correspondences in nature through mathematical and observational means.^[16] However, in De incertitudine et vanitate scientiarum (published 1530), he mounted a skeptical assault on the arts and sciences of his era, including Aristotelian logic and alchemy, deeming many pursuits vain due to their reliance on unverified authorities rather than direct experience.^[16] This duality—pursuing hidden natural causes while questioning superstitious excesses—aligned with his broader humanistic push for knowledge grounded in observable phenomena over scholastic abstraction.^[16] In 1519, as advocate in Metz, Agrippa defended an elderly woman accused of witchcraft by Dominican inquisitors, successfully arguing that the alleged evidence—such as claims of maleficium through words or thoughts—lacked empirical basis and stemmed from popular superstition rather than verifiable causation, leading to her release without endorsing occult practices.^[17] This intervention highlighted his rationalist stance against inquisitorial overreach, prioritizing causal evidence over confessional testimony, though it drew ecclesiastical backlash and contributed to his itinerant life.^[17] Théodore-Agrippa d'Aubigné (1552–1630), a French Huguenot soldier, poet, and historian, played a key military role in the Wars of Religion, joining Henry of Navarre's forces as early as age 12 and participating in battles like Jarnac (1569) and Coutras (1587), where his tactical acumen aided Protestant resistance against Catholic leagues.^[18] After the 1598 Edict of Nantes granted limited toleration, he chronicled Huguenot struggles in Histoire universelle (1616–1620), a multi-volume work drawing on eyewitness accounts to document persecutions with factual detail, and in the epic poem Les Tragiques (1616), which used vivid, biblically inspired verse to decry royal tyranny and advocate Calvinist resilience based on historical events.^[18] Exiled to Geneva after criticizing court policies, d'Aubigné's writings emphasized providential causality in Protestant fortunes, grounded in specific dates and troop movements rather than abstract theology.^[18] Camillo Agrippa (fl. mid-16th century), an Italian fencing master active in Milan around 1550–1560, advanced martial theory by applying Euclidean geometry to swordsmanship in his Trattato universale dell'arte di scherma, treating guards and thrusts as measurable lines and angles to optimize efficiency and predict opponent movements through spatial analysis.^[19] This empirical approach shifted fencing from stylized medieval forms to a science of leverage and timing, influencing later treatises by emphasizing testable principles over tradition.^[19]

Modern Era Individuals

Agrippa Hull (March 7, 1759–May 21, 1848) was a free African American soldier from Stockbridge, Massachusetts, who enlisted in the Continental Army on May 16, 1777, at age 18 and served continuously for six years and two months until his honorable discharge on November 7, 1783.^[20]^[21] Born to formerly enslaved parents Amos and Bathsheba Hull in Northampton, Massachusetts, he joined the Stockbridge Indian Company under Captain Solomon Jackson before transferring in May 1779 to the personal service of Polish-born General Tadeusz Kościuszko as a bodyguard and aide-de-camp.^[22]^[20] Hull participated in key campaigns, including the Battle of Saratoga (1777), the defense of West Point, and the Siege of Yorktown (1781), where he relayed messages and assisted in engineering tasks under Kościuszko's command.^[21]^[23] His military contributions are verified through U.S. Revolutionary War pension records (S.3920), which detail his enlistment, service duration, and monthly pay of six dollars and two-thirds, alongside eyewitness accounts from contemporaries like General William Hull, who noted Hull's reliability and Kościuszko's high regard for him, including gifting him a sword and watch.^[22]^[20] Post-war, Hull returned to Stockbridge, where he worked as a farmer and cooper, acquired property through land purchases, and in 1791 purchased freedom for his future wife Jane Sarah Darby from enslavement in Hudson, New York; they married in 1793 and raised three children.^[21]^[24] By 1840, census records list him as owning real estate valued at $1,500, reflecting economic stability rare for free Blacks amid persistent slavery and discrimination.^[22] Hull's role exemplifies documented Black enlistment in the Revolution—estimated at 5,000–8,000 men despite legal barriers in some states—yet his service under Kościuszko, who advocated abolition, underscores overlooked tactical support in engineering and reconnaissance amid a conflict where enslaved and free Blacks faced execution risks if captured by British forces.^[20]^[25] No other 18th–21st century individuals named Agrippa with comparably verified achievements in military, scientific, or activist domains appear in historical records, though the surname persists in lesser-documented genealogies without notable public contributions.^[22]

Fictional Characters

In Classical and Medieval Literature

In Roman foundational mythology, Agrippa Silvius appears as a legendary king of Alba Longa, the fourth ruler in the dynasty of Silvii descending from Aeneas. According to ancient genealogies preserved in historical accounts, he succeeded his father Silvius and preceded Romulus Silvius, reigning for approximately 14 years in traditions that served to bridge mythical Trojan origins with early Latin kingship.^[26] This figure embodies the heroic, semi-divine ancestry fabricated to legitimize Rome's imperial claims, lacking archaeological corroboration and relying on euhemerized oral traditions compiled centuries later.^[27] A more prominent literary role for an Agrippa occurs in Titus Livius's Ab Urbe Condita (Book 2, ca. 27–9 BCE), where Menenius Agrippa, depicted as a consul of 503 BCE, addresses the seceding plebeians in 494 BCE with the fable of the belly and the members. In this narrative, the limbs rebel against the idle stomach, only to weaken themselves by starving it, symbolizing the interdependence of social classes; Agrippa uses it to urge reconciliation, averting civil strife.^[11] While Menenius is attested in consular fasti as a historical patrician, the speech itself is a rhetorical invention by Livy, adapted from Greek Aesopic traditions to exemplify concordia ordinum, with no contemporary epigraphic evidence for the event's details.^[28] The fable's motif persisted into medieval didactic literature, where it informed beast fables and political allegories emphasizing bodily unity as a metaphor for feudal or ecclesiastical harmony. Medieval chroniclers and moralists, drawing on Livy via intermediaries like Valerius Maximus, repurposed it without inventing new Agrippa characters, treating the name as a historical exemplar rather than a fictional persona.^[29] This adaptation highlights source credibility issues: medieval texts often amplified classical anecdotes for homiletic purposes, blending verifiable history with moral fiction, yet primary manuscripts of Livy show no medieval alterations to the Agrippa episodes themselves.^[30]

In Modern Literature and Media

In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818), the protagonist Victor Frankenstein encounters the works of Cornelius Agrippa at age thirteen, igniting his passion for natural philosophy and alchemy, which later fuels his obsessive quest to animate life; this depiction draws from Agrippa's historical treatises on occult science, such as De occulta philosophia, but distorts them into catalysts for tragic hubris rather than systematic inquiry.^[31] Similarly, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust (Part I, 1808; Part II, 1832) alludes to Agrippa as a forebears of Faust's necromantic pursuits, portraying him within a lineage of Renaissance magi seeking dominion over nature, which amplifies Agrippa's real skepticism toward dogmatic authority into emblematic forbidden knowledge, influencing public views of him as an archetypal sorcerer.^[32] Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's occult reputation manifests in horror gaming, as in Amnesia: The Dark Descent (2010), where letters from a character named Cornelius Agrippa detail his entanglement in alchemical experiments at Castle Brennenburg, culminating in eternal torment by otherworldly forces; this fictionalizes Agrippa's philosophical explorations of celestial influences into visceral supernatural horror, prioritizing atmospheric dread over historical nuance.^[33] Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa's historical role as Augustus's indispensable general recurs in historical dramas, notably HBO/BBC's Rome (2005–2007), where actor Allen Leech embodies him as a steadfast, battle-hardened confidant aiding Octavian's rise amid civil wars, including dramatized depictions of victories like Philippi; while rooted in Agrippa's verifiable military campaigns and engineering feats, the series introduces personal rivalries and loyalties for narrative tension, shaping perceptions of him as the ultimate Roman subordinate rather than an independent innovator. In the action game Shadow of Rome (2005), Agrippa serves as the playable gladiator protagonist avenging his mother's framing for Caesar's assassination, loosely adapting his equestrian background into a revenge-driven spectacle that diverges sharply from documented statesmanship toward pulp heroism.^[34]

Other Uses

Places and Infrastructure

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa constructed or oversaw several enduring infrastructure projects in ancient Rome during the late Republic and early Empire. The original Pantheon, built between 27 and 25 BC to commemorate naval victories, featured a portico inscribed with "M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIUM·FECIT," crediting Agrippa for its erection in his third consulship (28 BC); archaeological evidence confirms the inscription's authenticity on the surviving structure, despite later rebuilds under Hadrian.^[35] Adjacent in the Campus Martius, the Baths of Agrippa (Thermae Agrippae), completed around 19 BC, formed Rome's earliest major public bath complex, incorporating facilities like the Basilica of Neptune and supplied by aqueducts; remnants, including mosaic floors and walls, have been excavated near Piazza di Sant'Eustachio.^[36] Agrippa also engineered critical water and transport systems, including the Aqua Julia aqueduct, initiated in 33 BC to deliver spring water from the Anio Valley over 22 kilometers into Rome, improving distribution for public fountains and baths; sections of its elevated channels remain visible in the Roman countryside.^[37] In Gaul, he established the Via Agrippa road network radiating from Lugdunum (modern Lyon) by 16 BC, connecting key settlements like Massilia (Marseille) and extending northward to facilitate legionary movements and trade; traces of these paved routes, averaging 6-8 meters wide, underlie modern French highways.^[38] Military sites tied to Agrippa's campaigns include the fortified camp at Forum Iulii (Fréjus, France), developed around 30-20 BC as a naval base for his fleet during operations against Sextus Pompey and in the western Mediterranean; excavations reveal barracks, harbor remnants, and defensive enclosures within a rectangular perimeter, underscoring its role in Roman maritime logistics.^[39] These projects, verified through epigraphy, stratigraphy, and literary accounts like Frontinus' De aquaeductu, reflect Agrippa's emphasis on practical engineering for urban and imperial expansion.^[40]

Cultural Works

"Agrippa (A Book of the Dead)" is a collaborative artwork released in 1992, consisting of a poem by William Gibson, visual elements by artist Dennis Ashbaugh, and publication by Kevin Begos Jr.^[41] The project includes a limited-edition artist's book with 47 hand-painted pages featuring magnified DNA sequences from Ashbaugh's bacterial cultures, bound in steel covers, limited to 462 copies priced at $1,500 each, and an accompanying 3.5-inch floppy disk containing Gibson's encrypted, autobiographical poem on themes of memory, loss, and mortality, inspired by his father's death.^[42] The disk's software decrypts and displays the poem once before self-erasing, intentionally rendering the digital content ephemeral to mirror the work's meditation on impermanence.^[43] This format has drawn critique for prioritizing artistic conceit over archival durability, as the self-destruction hinders repeated scholarly access and preservation of the primary text, contrasting with traditional media that enable verifiable, enduring transmission of ideas.^[42] Visual depictions of historical figures named Agrippa appear in Renaissance and early modern engravings, often portraying Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim as a philosopher and occultist. A 17th-century engraving by Reinier van Persijn shows von Nettesheim in scholarly attire, emphasizing his association with alchemy and theology amid period interest in his De occulta philosophia.^[44] Title pages from editions of his works, such as De occulta philosophia libri tres, feature illustrative engravings of symbolic motifs like celestial diagrams and esoteric figures, reflecting the era's fusion of science, magic, and humanism without photographic fidelity to the subject.^[45] These images, produced via woodcut or copperplate techniques, served didactic purposes in disseminating his ideas but introduced interpretive biases through artists' stylized renderings, diverging from empirical likeness in favor of iconic representation.^[46]

Science, Technology, and Organizations

Agrippa is a lunar impact crater situated on the Moon's near side, positioned at the southeastern margin of Mare Vaporum and approximately 39 km north of the crater Godin.^[47] The crater measures 46 km in diameter and exhibits a complex central peak structure typical of impact formations observed in telescopic and orbital imagery.^[48] Its nomenclature, formalized by the International Astronomical Union in 1935, derives from the ancient Greek astronomer Agrippa, active around A.D. 92, reflecting standard practice in planetary naming for historical scientific figures.^[47] In modern defense technology, Project Agrippa emerged from Stanford University's Hacking for Defense program in spring 2021, focusing on innovative naval operational concepts to enhance U.S. deterrence in the Indo-Pacific region.^[49] Sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, the initiative developed prototypes for unmanned logistics vessels aimed at decentralizing maritime supply chains, thereby reducing vulnerabilities to adversarial threats such as those posed by the People's Republic of China.^[49] By February 2023, the project had advanced to piloting "Hacking for Strategy" methodologies, integrating emerging technologies like autonomous systems to support expeditionary advanced base operations for the U.S. Navy.^[49] This effort underscores empirical applications of dual-use technologies, distinct from unsubstantiated esoteric or occult interpretations historically linked to figures like Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, which lack verifiable scientific basis.^[49]

References

[1]
M. Vipsanius Agrippa (1) - Livius.org
Apr 14, 2020 · M. Vipsanius Agrippa (1). Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (64/63-12 BCE): Roman politician, friend of the emperor Augustus.<|separator|>
[2]
Who Was Marcus Agrippa? The Roman General Behind Emperor ...
Jun 10, 2021 · Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was a Roman general and official whose role in the Roman Empire's foundation was perhaps even more significant than Augustus himself.
[3]
Agrippa - Columbia State Community College
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was born in Rome in 63 BC and died there in 12 BC. He is known today primarily as a Roman statesman and general.
[4]
Meaning, origin and history of the name Agrippa
Roman cognomen of unknown meaning, possibly from a combination of Greek ἄγριος (agrios) meaning "wild" and ἵππος (hippos) meaning "horse" or alternatively of ...
[5]
The amazing name Agrippa: meaning and etymology
Aug 24, 2021 · Meaning: Beginning To Be Cultivated: Vigilant Dozing; Etymology: From the noun αγριππος (agrippos), wildish olive, from αγρος (agros), ...
[6]
Agrippa Part I: Triumph at Sipious. - Time Travel Rome
Sep 30, 2019 · Pliny the Elder wrote that Agrippa had survived a difficult breech birth, and the cognomen Agrippa was a reference to this. ... Roman History.
[7]
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa | Roman General, Naval Commander ...
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was a powerful deputy of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. He was chiefly responsible for the victory over Mark Antony at the ...
[8]
Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews 18.143-18.239 - Lexundria
A little before the death of Herod the king, Agrippa lived at Rome, and was generally brought up and conversed with Drusus, the emperor Tiberius's son, and ...
[9]
Agrippa - in ancient sources @ attalus.org
Vipsanius Agrippa) - Roman consul 37, 28 and 27 B.C. 63/88 The birth of M. Agrippa. 40/14 the coast of Italy, while Agrippa is busy at the Ludi Apollinares.
[10]
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: Statesman, General, and Friend of ...
Mar 8, 2016 · Agrippa was born in 64/63 BC into a provincial family. According to ancient sources, Agrippa was not from any of the leading Roman families.Missing: primary | Show results with:primary
[11]
[PDF] Menenius Agrippa's Fable in Book 2 of Livy's Ab urbe condita
May 10, 2024 · Upon their return, the senate agrees to create a political office for the plebeians to occupy, the tribune of the plebs, to protect their ...
[12]
Agrippa I: An Archaeological Biography
Apr 17, 2020 · Agrippa was a skilled diplomat who knew how to appease both the Roman Emperor and the Jewish populace, staying in the good graces of both.
[13]
The Historicity of Acts 12 and the Death of Herod Agrippa I - CARM.org
Feb 26, 2021 · Acts 12 reports that God stuck down Herod Agrippa I while Herod arrogantly received worship from a crowd in Caesarea.
[14]
Josephus Agrippa I Death
This is the account by Josephus in his Antiquities of the Jews describing the death of Agrippa I, which is also described in Acts 12:20-23.
[15]
New Testament Parallels to the Works of Josephus - Page Two
The Death of Herod Agrippa I. Acts 12:20. Now Herod was angry with the people of Tyre and Sidon. So they came to him in a body; and after ...
[16]
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim
Feb 15, 2017 · The intellectual biography of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486–1535) provides us with significant proof of a cultural crisis ...Biography · De incertitudine et vanitate... · Bibliography
[17]
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa and Witchcraft: A Reappraisal - jstor
witch trials. The grounds for this image are his involvement in a witch trial in Metz in 1519 and his writ ings on witches in De occulta philosophia libri ...
[18]
Agrippa d'Aubigné (1552-1630) - Musée protestant
A soldier and Protestant writer, he first took part in the wars of religion with Henri de Navarre and later told of the sufferings endured by the Protestants.
[19]
Camillo Agrippa and the Renaissance art of fencing - Mathew Lyons
Mar 17, 2022 · Specifically, Agrippa applied geometry to the use of the sword – “this pursuit is ultimately governed by points, lines, times, measures, and so ...
[20]
Agrippa Hull - Valley Forge National Historical Park (U.S. National ...
Feb 4, 2021 · Agrippa Hull (March 7, 1759-May 21, 1848) – A Massachusetts soldier born free to Amos and Bathsheba Hull.1. Agrippa Hull's father Amos died in ...
[21]
Agrippa Hull: A Revolutionary Story
Agrippa Hull was a free black man who enlisted in the Continental Army from Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and served until the end of hostilities.
[22]
Agrippa Hull: Revolutionary Patriot | BlackPast.org
Jul 2, 2008 · Agrippa Hull was one of the most remarkable and unnoticed African Americans of the revolutionary era. He served for six years and two months in ...
[23]
Bidwell Lore - Agrippa Hull and Tadeusz Kosciuszko
Apr 24, 2023 · He enlisted in the army of the Revolution and, being a very well trained and adroit servant, he was taken into the personal service of the noble ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
[24]
Bidwell Lore - Introducing Agrippa Hull
Feb 14, 2023 · Agrippa Hull (1759-1848). He was the son of formerly enslaved Black parents, fought in the Revolutionary War, and was a well-known land owner in Stockbridge.Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
[25]
Micajah Hicks, Agrippa Hull, and the Black Patriots of the Southern ...
May 5, 2025 · In May 1779, Agrippa Hull, a free Black Massachusetts soldier, transferred to the command of General Tadeusz Kościuszko. At the time, Polish- ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography<|separator|>
[26]
Foundation Myths – Ancient Rome – Sourcebook and Historical Atlas
He became the father of Aeneas Silvius, who in his turn had a son, Latinus Silvius. He planted a number of colonies: the colonists were called Prisci Latini.
[27]
Alba Longa and its Legendary Kings | Ancient Origins
Apr 28, 2024 · Silvius ruled for twenty-nine years and was eventually replaced by his son, Aeneas. The new king decided to take his father's surname and from ...Missing: primary | Show results with:primary
[28]
Menenius Agrippa's fable - IMPERIUM ROMANUM
Dec 27, 2022 · Menenius Agrippa's fable ... In 494 BCE there was a so-called first plebeian secession, which was a rebellion against the patrician rule in Rome.
[29]
Introduction | From Aesop to Reynard: Beast Literature in Medieval ...
Another example of the practical use of fable is Livy's famous story of Menenius Agrippa dissuading the plebeians from their 'strike' by telling them the fable ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[30]
The Parable of Menenius Agrippa - jstor
Besides books on the teaching of mathematics, and mathematical text-books, he has published a History of. Modern Mathematics and a History of Japanese ...
[31]
Cornelius Agrippa's Role in Frankenstein
Nov 22, 2021 · In Victor Frankenstein's youth at the age of thirteen, he came across the works of Cornelius Agrippa, a 16th century natural philosopher.
[32]
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa - Faust
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim was a magician and occult writer, astrologer, and alchemist. He may also be considered an early feminist.
[33]
Game Characters That Suffered A Fate Worse Than Death
Oct 19, 2022 · Cornelius Agrippa was a mystic in the Amnesia universe, based on a similar real-life mystic. After encountering the game's mysterious and ...
[34]
Shadow of Rome (Video Game 2005) - IMDb
Rating 8.3/10 (263) After Vipsanius was captured for assassinating king of Rome J. Caesar, Agrippa must participate in the Gladiators Grand Games to save his innocent.
[35]
The Pantheon (Rome) - Smarthistory
He [Agrippa] completed the building called the Pantheon. It has this name, perhaps because it received among the images which decorated it the statues of many ...
[36]
Rome, Baths of Agrippa - Livius.org
Aug 14, 2020 · Bathhouse near the Pantheon, built by Agrippa, the right-hand man of the emperor Augustus. The Basilica of Neptune was part of it and is quite well-preserved.
[37]
Rome Aqua Julia (Italy) - Roman Aqueducts
It is generally accepted that Agrippa built the Aqua Julia in 33 BC )1. Source and course. Julia's channel (not visible) on top of the Aquae Marcia and Tepula ...
[38]
Provence – The Roman Province along the via Agrippa
Oct 21, 2016 · Of the three main Roman roads of the Roman Province, the via Agrippa was the northern route. By 16 BC, the via Agrippa traveled north from ...
[39]
FORUM IULII (Fréjus) - Roman Ports
Mar 15, 2022 · Forum Iulii was the city with one of the three most important naval bases of the Roman fleet in the western Mediterranean.
[40]
LacusCurtius • Aqua Julia (Platner & Ashby, 1929)
May 22, 2020 · Aqua Iulia: * an aqueduct constructed by Agrippa in 33 B.C. and repaired by Augustus in 11‑4 B.C. (Frontinus, de aquis I.4, 9, 18, 19; II.68 ...
[41]
The Agrippa Files
Agrippa (a book of the dead) appeared in 1992 as a collaboration between artist Dennis Ashbaugh, author William Gibson, and publisher Kevin Begos, ...
[42]
Agrippa (A Book of the Dead) | The Digital Antiquarian
Sep 7, 2018 · Begos, Ashbaugh, and Gibson decided to call their art project Agrippa (A Book of the Dead), adopting the name Gibson gave to his poem for the ...
[43]
Agrippa (A Book of the Dead) - Yale University Art Gallery
Agrippa (A Book of the Dead) Artist: Dennis Ashbaugh (American, born 1946) Author: William Gibson (American, born 1948) Publisher: Kevin Begos Jr. (American)
[44]
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim Print - Media Storehouse
30-day returnsDepicting the enigmatic German magician, occult writer, theologian, astrologer, and alchemist as rendered in a 17th century engraving by Reinier van Persijn, ...Missing: sculptures | Show results with:sculptures
[45]
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486-1535) Title Page ...
In stockAvailable as an art print on canvas, photo paper, watercolor board, uncoated paper or Japanese paper. heinrich cornelius agrippa · illustration · portrait · ...Missing: depicting | Show results with:depicting
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12 Agrippa Von Nettesheim Stock Photos & High-Res Pictures
Explore Authentic Agrippa Von Nettesheim Stock Photos & Images For Your Project Or Campaign. Less Searching, More Finding With Getty Images.
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Agrippa - Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature
Approval Status, Adopted by IAU. Approval Date, 1935. Continent, Europe. Ethnicity, Greek. Origin, Greek astronomer (unkn-fl. A.D. 92).
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Agrippa - The Moon
Apr 16, 2018 · See: AS12-52-7723 (Agrippa is the large crater near the frame's upper left corner, Lade near the frame's upper right corner, and Godin in ...
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Project Agrippa - Hacking for Defense
Feb 14, 2023 · Hacking for Defense (“H4D”) students are helping the U.S. Department of Defense augment integrated deterrence. H4D alumni team Project Agrippa ...