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Amphibious transport dock

An amphibious transport dock (LPD) is an amphibious warfare ship designed to embark, transport, and land elements of a landing force—typically marines and their equipment—for expeditionary warfare missions, including amphibious assaults and humanitarian operations.^[1] These vessels combine the functions of amphibious transports, cargo ships, and dock landing ships, featuring a floodable well deck for launching and recovering landing craft and amphibious assault vehicles, as well as a large flight deck and hangar for helicopter and vertical takeoff aircraft operations.^[2] LPDs play a central role in modern naval strategy by enabling ship-to-shore movement without reliance on fixed ports, supporting rapid deployment of forces over the horizon using air-cushion landing craft (LCACs) and conventional landing craft, while also providing command and control capabilities as secondary aviation or staging platforms.^[3] In the United States Navy, these ships can accommodate up to 800 embarked troops, along with vehicles, supplies, and up to four CH-53 helicopters or MV-22 Ospreys, and are armed with close-in weapon systems, missiles, and guns for self-defense.^[3] General characteristics for contemporary LPDs include a displacement of around 25,000 tons, lengths exceeding 600 feet, speeds over 20 knots, and crews of approximately 360 personnel.^[4] The concept of the amphibious transport dock originated in the mid-20th century as navies sought versatile platforms for World War II-era amphibious operations, with the U.S. Navy commissioning its first LPD, USS Raleigh (LPD-1), in 1962 to consolidate transport and landing functions previously handled by separate ship classes.^[2] Subsequent U.S. classes, such as the Austin-class (1970s–1990s), evolved into the current San Antonio-class (introduced 2006), which serves as a functional replacement for over 40 older amphibious vessels and incorporates advanced survivability, automation, and multi-mission flexibility.^[1] Internationally, similar LPD designs are operated by multiple navies; for instance, the People's Liberation Army Navy fields the Type 071 Yuzhao-class with eight ships in service as of 2024 for regional power projection,^[5] while the Royal Australian Navy's Canberra-class (two ships, commissioned 2014–2015) supports alliance operations based on a modified Spanish design.^[6] Other notable classes include Italy's San Giorgio-class and Japan's Osumi-class, reflecting the global adoption of LPDs for expeditionary and disaster response roles.^[6]

Purpose and Capabilities

Definition

An amphibious transport dock is classified as a landing platform dock (LPD) under the category of amphibious warfare ships in standard naval nomenclature, including NATO's STANAG 1166 ship designator system.^[1] This vessel serves as a key platform in amphibious operations by embarking, transporting, and landing elements of a Marine landing force, including personnel, vehicles, and equipment, through a floodable well deck that deploys landing craft air cushion (LCAC) vehicles or conventional landing craft.^[1] Amphibious transport docks typically have a full load displacement ranging from approximately 13,000 tons for the earliest classes to 25,000 tons for modern designs, with crew complements ranging from approximately 360 personnel for modern designs to around 500 for earlier classes.^[7]^[1]^[8] The designation evolved from post-World War II hull types such as APA (amphibious attack transport) and AKA (amphibious attack cargo) ships, with the LPD category introduced in the early 1960s for combined transport and dock capabilities, followed by a 1969 redesignation that prefixed all U.S. Navy amphibious ships with "L."^[9]

Primary Missions

Amphibious transport docks (LPDs) primarily support amphibious assaults by embarking, transporting, and landing elements of Marine Corps forces, including troops, vehicles, and equipment, via landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and rotary-wing aircraft.^[1] These ships facilitate rapid troop insertion and vehicle offload through well deck operations, where the floodable stern compartment allows landing craft to enter and exit, enabling sustained logistics in contested environments during expeditionary warfare.^[10] This capability supports special operations by providing platforms for insertion of elite forces close to shorelines, enhancing operational flexibility in multi-threat scenarios. Beyond combat roles, LPDs contribute to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HA/DR) missions, delivering supplies, conducting medical evacuations, and providing temporary medical facilities in response to natural disasters or crises.^[11] For instance, the San Antonio-class LPD USS Arlington (LPD 24) deployed to Haiti in 2021 to support HA/DR efforts following an earthquake, offloading aid and facilitating evacuations as part of Joint Task Force-Haiti. Their medical bays and helicopter decks enable rapid response, often operating in coordination with international partners to sustain affected populations.^[12] LPDs enhance power projection by serving as floating forward operating bases for Marine Expeditionary Units or special operations forces, projecting U.S. influence without reliance on fixed infrastructure.^[10] These vessels support sea control and maritime security operations, acting as secondary aviation platforms for vertical envelopment tactics in the absence of larger carriers.^[3] In multi-domain operations, LPDs integrate with carrier strike groups, as demonstrated during combined exercises in 2023 where the Makin Island Amphibious Ready Group operated alongside the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group to synchronize air, sea, and ground maneuvers across theaters.^[13] This versatility allows LPDs to contribute to broader naval strategies, including crisis response and deterrence.^[14]

Design Characteristics

Structural Features

Amphibious transport docks possess a specialized hull design tailored for amphibious warfare, typically spanning 170 to 230 meters in length and 25 to 32 meters in beam to accommodate extensive internal storage while ensuring seaworthiness. This elongated, wide-beam structure supports the embarkation of troops, vehicles, and equipment, with modern variants often featuring a bulbous bow to minimize hydrodynamic resistance and improve stability during operations in rough seas. The overall displacement ranges from 17,000 to 28,000 tons full load, enabling the vessel to maintain balance when partially flooded for launch operations. Design characteristics vary by class and operator, with examples drawn primarily from US Navy vessels; international designs may differ in dimensions, systems, and capacities.^[15]^[16]^[3]^[17] A defining structural element is the stern well deck, a floodable compartment at the ship's rear that submerges to approximately 3 to 4 meters to facilitate the deployment of landing craft and vehicles. This well deck measures roughly 50 to 120 meters in length and 15 meters in width, depending on the design, allowing it to house and launch assets such as Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCACs), Landing Craft Mechanized (LCMs), or Amphibious Assault Vehicles (AAVs). The configuration includes ballast tanks that enable controlled flooding and draining, ensuring safe entry and exit of waterborne craft during amphibious assaults.^[15]^[18]^[1] The aft flight deck provides vertical lift capabilities, sized to simultaneously operate 2 to 4 rotary-wing aircraft, including heavy-lift models like the CH-53 Sea Stallion or tiltrotor aircraft such as the MV-22 Osprey. Adjacent hangar facilities, often spanning 400 to 600 square meters, support aircraft maintenance and storage for up to four helicopters, integrating seamlessly with the vehicle's deck below. Internally, multiple vehicle storage decks provide space for tanks, trucks, and other equipment (typically 2,000-3,000 square meters), while berthing areas accommodate 700-1,000 embarked troops in modular compartments designed for extended deployments.^[16]^[3]^[15]

Systems and Equipment

Amphibious transport docks employ robust propulsion systems to support extended deployments and rapid transit to operational areas. Propulsion systems typically consist of diesel engines or diesel-electric setups, enabling speeds over 20 knots and ranges exceeding 6,000 nautical miles, varying by class.^[1]^[16] Defensive armament on these ships emphasizes close-in protection against air and surface threats, integrated through automated self-defense systems. Armament typically includes close-in weapon systems (e.g., 30mm guns or equivalent), short-range missile launchers for air defense, machine guns, and provisions for anti-ship missiles, with configurations varying by navy and class.^[1]^[16] Sensor suites provide comprehensive situational awareness, fusing data for command, control, and threat detection. Sensor suites typically include 3D air search radars, surface search radars, navigation radars, tactical datalinks for networked operations, and sonar for mine avoidance, with specific systems varying by class and operator. Some modern US variants feature upgraded radars like the Enterprise Air Surveillance Radar (EASR).^[1]^[16] Auxiliary systems ensure self-sufficiency and resilience in austere environments. Reverse osmosis desalination plants generate fresh water for crew, embarked troops, and equipment, reducing reliance on shore support. Advanced damage control measures incorporate automated flooding detection and counter-flooding capabilities, allowing rapid stabilization and compartment isolation to mitigate battle damage and maintain operational integrity.^[19]^[20]

Historical Evolution

Early Development

The origins of the amphibious transport dock trace back to World War II, when the US Navy relied on attack transports (APA) to embark and deploy troops via landing craft, attack cargo ships (AKA) to deliver supplies and equipment, and dock landing ships (LSD) that introduced early well deck concepts through stern flooding to launch amphibious vehicles and smaller craft.^[21]^[22] These vessels formed the foundational amphibious assault fleet, enabling operations like the island-hopping campaigns in the Pacific, but they lacked integrated features for modern vertical assault tactics.^[21] Following World War II, the US Navy initiated studies in the 1950s to evolve amphibious capabilities, culminating in the design and construction of the Raleigh-class as the first dedicated amphibious transport docks (LPD). The lead ship, USS Raleigh (LPD-1), was laid down in 1960, launched in 1962, and commissioned on September 8, 1962, combining elements of transports, cargo ships, and LSD well decks into a single platform for enhanced troop and vehicle deployment.^[23]^[24] This transition was spurred by the Korean War's demonstration of logistical challenges in over-the-beach operations, where inadequate ship-to-shore movement exposed vulnerabilities in sustaining Marine forces ashore.^[25] A pivotal design milestone in the 1950s was the addition of helicopter landing pads to amphibious ships, enabling vertical envelopment tactics that allowed Marines to bypass beach defenses by airlifting troops inland.^[26] These adaptations aligned with emerging doctrinal shifts toward helicopter-borne assaults, as outlined in post-Korean War planning.^[27] By the 1960s, NATO's push for standardized amphibious procedures further influenced LPD designs, promoting interoperability among allied forces in joint exercises.^[27]

Modern Advancements

The Austin-class amphibious transport docks, introduced in the 1960s as part of ongoing fleet modernization efforts, featured expanded aviation facilities including a large flight deck capable of simultaneously supporting up to six CH-46 Sea Knight or three CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopters, enhancing vertical assault capabilities over earlier designs.^[28] These ships also incorporated improved survivability features, such as enhanced compartmentalization and damage control systems designed from the keel up to support Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations in contested environments.^[29] In the 2000s, the U.S. Navy shifted to the San Antonio-class (LPD-17), which introduced stealth-oriented design elements to reduce detectability, including a hull form and superstructure shaped to minimize radar cross-section (RCS) and an Advanced Enclosed Mast/Sensor (AEM/S) system that integrates antennas within low-observable enclosures to further lower the ship's signature.^[16] Propulsion in the San Antonio-class relies on four Colt-Pielstick PC2.5 STC diesel engines driving controllable-pitch propellers, providing reliable mechanical power for sustained operations while maintaining compatibility with modular upgrades.^[1] During the 2010s, amphibious transport dock designs evolved to integrate unmanned systems and network-centric warfare principles, enabling seamless data sharing across distributed forces for improved situational awareness and coordinated strikes.^[30] This included adaptations for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and surface vessels, as outlined in the Department of Defense's Unmanned Systems Integrated Roadmap, which highlighted amphibious platforms like the USS New York (LPD-21 for hosting reconnaissance and logistics drones to extend operational reach.^[31] Network-centric capabilities were further embedded through systems like the Ship Self-Defense System (SSDS) MK2, which links sensors, weapons, and command nodes on amphibious ships to support joint amphibious operations.^[32] Looking toward future trends, the LX(R) program—evolving into the LPD-17 Flight II—emphasizes diesel propulsion with common rail fuel injection for enhanced fuel efficiency and reduced emissions, aligning with broader Navy initiatives for integrated power systems across amphibious vessels. As of November 2025, the lead ship USS Harrisburg (LPD-30 was christened in January 2025 and remains under construction.^[3]^[33] Additionally, these designs incorporate modular mission bays with flexible payload modules and expansive hangar spaces, allowing rapid reconfiguration for drone operations, special forces insertions, or unmanned underwater vehicle deployments to adapt to emerging expeditionary threats.^[34]

Classes and Operators

United States Classes

The Raleigh-class amphibious transport docks were the United States Navy's first purpose-built LPDs, consisting of two ships: USS Raleigh (LPD-1), commissioned in 1962, and USS Vancouver (LPD-2), commissioned in 1963.^[35] These vessels displaced approximately 13,900 tons at full load and measured 459 feet in length, with a beam of 79 feet and a draft of 23 feet.^[36] Designed to transport and debark Marines, their equipment, and supplies via embarked landing craft, amphibious tractors, and helicopters, they featured a 360-foot well deck for over-the-beach operations and supported baseline helicopter landings on a small flight deck, marking an early integration of vertical envelopment in amphibious warfare.^[35] Both ships were decommissioned in the early 1990s—Raleigh in 1993 and Vancouver in 1994—due to their limited capabilities compared to subsequent designs and were ultimately stricken from the Naval Vessel Register.^[36] The Austin-class followed as an improved and lengthened evolution of the Raleigh design, comprising twelve ships commissioned between 1965 and 1972, including lead ship USS Austin (LPD-4).^[37] With a full-load displacement of about 17,000 tons, an overall length of 569 feet, a beam of 84 feet, and a speed of 21 knots, these ships combined the functions of older landing ship docks (LSDs), tank landing ships (LSTs), and attack cargo ships (AKAs), providing enhanced amphibious lift for up to 930 troops, vehicles, and landing craft via a larger well deck and hangar facilities.^[38] They supported helicopter operations for up to four CH-46 Sea Knight or two CH-53 Sea Stallion aircraft, enabling vertical assault capabilities alongside surface landings.^[28] The class underwent service life extension programs in the 1980s and 1990s to maintain operational readiness, but aging infrastructure led to progressive decommissioning starting in 1994, with the last ship, USS Ponce (LPD-15), retired in 2017.^[39] The San Antonio-class represents the modern backbone of U.S. Navy amphibious transport docks, with thirteen Flight I ships commissioned since 2006 and a planned Flight II variant adding up to thirteen more for a total class of 26.^[1] These 25,000-ton full-load vessels feature a 684-foot length, 105-foot beam, and speeds exceeding 22 knots, incorporating stealth-oriented hull forms with reduced radar cross-sections, advanced automation, and enhanced survivability compared to predecessors.^[1] Flight I ships, such as lead USS San Antonio (LPD-17), accommodate over 720 Marines, multiple MV-22 Osprey tiltrotors or CH-53K helicopters, and two LCACs in the well deck, supporting expeditionary strike group operations with improved command-and-control suites.^[40] Flight II variants, optimized for cost efficiency by omitting certain aviation facilities, began with USS Harrisburg (LPD-30), christened in January 2025 and expected to be commissioned in 2026, continuing the class's role in power projection.^[41] By the 2020s, all pre-San Antonio LPD classes, including the Raleigh and Austin, had been fully decommissioned and retired from service due to structural fatigue, outdated systems, and the need to consolidate amphibious capabilities in newer platforms like the San Antonio-class.^[1]

Foreign Classes

Several foreign navies operate amphibious transport dock (LPD) classes, often adapting designs for regional power projection, humanitarian missions, and interoperability with allied forces. These vessels emphasize floodable well decks for landing craft, helicopter operations, and troop transport, with variations in size and aviation capabilities to suit specific operational needs.^[42]^[43]^[44] The Italian Navy's San Giorgio-class LPDs, comprising three ships built by Fincantieri between 1987 and 1994, displace approximately 8,000 tons fully loaded and measure 133 meters in length.^[45]^[42] These vessels feature a floodable stern dock for up to three landing craft, capacity for a battalion of 350-400 troops, and hangar space supporting up to three helicopters, including EH-101 models, with two dedicated landing spots.^[46]^[47] Designed primarily for Mediterranean operations, they incorporate compatibility for AV-8B Harrier vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) aircraft, enabling limited aviation support in amphibious assaults.^[45] The class remains in active service, underscoring Italy's focus on versatile expeditionary capabilities.^[42] Spain's Juan Carlos I, commissioned in 2010, represents a hybrid landing helicopter dock (LHD)/LPD design built by Navantia, displacing 27,000 tons and featuring a 231-meter flight deck with a ski-jump ramp for STOVL operations.^[48]^[43] This multi-role vessel supports up to 900 troops, 46 armored vehicles, four landing craft in its well deck, and a mix of up to 25 helicopters or 10-12 AV-8B Harriers, enhancing Spain's blue-water amphibious projection.^[49]^[48] Its design prioritizes joint operations, including command facilities for NATO missions.^[43] Australia's Canberra-class, entering service in 2014 with two ships constructed by Navantia Australia, draws from the Juan Carlos I design and displaces 27,500 tons, with a length of 230.8 meters.^[17]^[44] These LHDs/LPDs can embark over 1,100 troops, 100 vehicles, and up to 18 helicopters, including CH-47 Chinooks, via a full flight deck and two elevators, while the well deck accommodates six landing craft for Indo-Pacific deployments.^[17]^[44] The class supports Australia's emphasis on regional amphibious operations and disaster response.^[44] Other notable foreign classes include the Netherlands' Rotterdam-class, with two ships commissioned starting in 1998, displacing 12,750 tons and measuring 166 meters, equipped for 600 troops, four landing craft, and six helicopters to bolster NATO amphibious tasks.^[50]^[51] The United Kingdom's Bay-class landing ship docks, four vessels entering service in 2006, displace 16,160 tons each and feature a 176.6-meter length, supporting 350 troops and two helicopters, though they are auxiliary-focused and slated for retirement by 2034.^[52]^[53] Japan's Osumi-class consists of three landing ship tanks (LSTs) with LPD-like capabilities, commissioned between 2002 and 2003, displacing about 14,000 tons full load, 178 meters in length, and capable of carrying 330 troops, 14 tanks, and two helicopters for Japan's Maritime Self-Defense Force amphibious operations.^[54] Emerging as LHD/LPD equivalents, China's Type 071 Yuzhao-class LPDs include eight ships commissioned since 2007, displacing 25,000 tons, measuring 210 meters, and supporting 800 troops, four landing craft, and two helicopters for regional power projection.^[55]^[56] China's Type 075-class, with four commissioned as of 2025, displaces around 36,000-40,000 tons, spans 250 meters, and operates up to 30 helicopters alongside a well deck for air-cushion landing craft, advancing the People's Liberation Army Navy's expeditionary ambitions.^[57]^[58]

Operations and Significance

Combat Deployments

Amphibious transport docks played a pivotal role in U.S. Marine Corps operations during the Vietnam War, providing critical support for troop transport, landing craft operations, and logistics in amphibious assaults along the coast. The Raleigh-class USS Raleigh (LPD-1), the lead ship of its type, conducted early deployments in the western Pacific following its 1962 commissioning, facilitating Marine landings and resupply efforts in contested areas.^[59] Austin-class ships, such as USS Ogden (LPD-5) and USS Duluth (LPD-6), followed with multiple Vietnam deployments in the late 1960s and early 1970s, embarking Marine Expeditionary Units for operations off Da Nang and other sites, earning battle stars for their contributions to amphibious warfare.^[60]^[61] These vessels enabled vertical envelopment tactics, combining helicopter assaults with over-the-beach landings to support ground forces against Viet Cong positions. In the 1991 Gulf War, Austin-class amphibious transport docks were essential for Operation Desert Shield, rapidly deploying Marine forces to the region amid rising tensions with Iraq. USS Juneau (LPD-10) sailed as part of Amphibious Squadron 11, offloading troops and equipment in the North Arabian Sea to bolster the buildup of coalition forces.^[62] Similarly, USS Vancouver (LPD-2) operated alongside USS Juneau and other amphibs in the amphibious ready group, supporting the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade's transit and positioning for potential landings during Desert Storm. Their ability to carry landing craft, vehicles, and helicopters ensured swift reinforcement of Saudi defenses, deterring further Iraqi aggression. During the Iraq War and subsequent operations in Afghanistan starting in 2003, amphibious transport docks sustained Marine rotations in the Persian Gulf, enabling persistent presence and rapid response capabilities. USS Austin (LPD-4), an Austin-class vessel, deployed to the region in 2002–2003, supporting Operation Enduring Freedom and the initial invasion of Iraq by transporting elements of the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit for over-the-horizon operations.^[63] The newer San Antonio-class ships, beginning with USS San Antonio (LPD-17) after its 2006 commissioning, assumed key roles in Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) rotations, such as the 24th MEU's 2021 deployment where LPD-17 integrated with the Iwo Jima Amphibious Ready Group to maintain forward presence amid ongoing counterterrorism efforts.^[64] These deployments highlighted the docks' versatility in sustaining prolonged littoral operations without fixed bases. In humanitarian missions, amphibious transport docks have provided rapid disaster relief, leveraging their well decks and aviation facilities for aid delivery. Following the 2010 Haiti earthquake, USS Mesa Verde (LPD-19) arrived off Port-au-Prince on January 23 as part of Operation Unified Response, disembarking Marines and sailors to distribute food, water, and medical supplies while serving as a floating base for helicopter operations that evacuated over 1,000 personnel.^[65] During Typhoon Haiyan's devastation in the Philippines in 2013, U.S. Pacific Fleet amphibious transport docks contributed to Operation Damayan, coordinating with regional partners to offload relief cargoes and support casualty evacuation in the Visayas region, demonstrating their role in multinational humanitarian assistance.^[66] In the 2020s, amphibious transport docks have been central to Indo-Pacific exercises enhancing interoperability and deterrence. During RIMPAC 2024, USS Somerset (LPD-25) participated with the 15th MEU, conducting amphibious raids, live-fire drills, and humanitarian assistance simulations alongside 28 partner nations, underscoring the platform's integration in multinational force projection.^[67] Similar involvement in RIMPAC 2022 and scaled-back 2020 iterations involved San Antonio-class ships practicing contested logistics and disaster response in the vast Pacific theater.^[68]

Current Status

As of November 2025, the United States Navy maintains 13 active San Antonio-class amphibious transport docks, comprising the Flight I variants from USS San Antonio (LPD-17) to USS Richard M. McCool Jr. (LPD-29), all commissioned between 2006 and 2024.^[1]^[69] The Austin-class, which consisted of 12 ships serving from 1965 to 2017, has been fully decommissioned, with the last vessel, USS Ponce (LPD-15), retired in October 2017.^[70] Currently, three additional San Antonio-class Flight II ships are under construction: USS Harrisburg (LPD-30), christened in January 2025 and slated for commissioning in 2026; USS Pittsburgh (LPD-31), which reached 50% structural completion in May 2025; and USS Philadelphia (LPD-32), with fabrication beginning in January 2025.^[41]^[71] Internationally, more than 20 amphibious transport docks remain active across various navies, supporting global amphibious capabilities. China's People's Liberation Army Navy operates eight Type 071 Yuzhao-class LPDs as of 2025 to enhance expeditionary operations.^[72] In Europe, several nations face fleet reductions due to maintenance challenges; for instance, the United Kingdom decommissioned its Albion-class landing platform docks, HMS Albion and HMS Bulwark, in early 2025 amid persistent upkeep issues and budget constraints, shifting amphibious support to auxiliary vessels.^[73]^[74] The amphibious transport dock fleet worldwide grapples with significant operational hurdles, including maintenance backlogs, spare parts shortages, and system reliability issues that have reduced U.S. Navy amphibious ship readiness rates to approximately 41% as of August 2025, well below the 80% deployment goal.^[75]^[76] Crew shortages, particularly in skilled maintenance personnel, exacerbate these problems, leading to deferred repairs and extended downtime for vessels like the San Antonio-class.^[77] In response, the U.S. Navy is pivoting toward unmanned amphibious operations, integrating uncrewed surface vessels into distributed maritime frameworks to mitigate manning constraints and enhance persistence in contested environments.^[78]^[79] Looking ahead, the U.S. Navy's LX(R) program—now integrated as the San Antonio-class Flight II—faces delays in procurement and delivery, with full operational capability pushed into the early 2030s due to industrial base constraints and funding priorities.^[3]^[80] This shift emphasizes distributed maritime operations, where amphibious transport docks serve as motherships for unmanned systems in a hybrid fleet concept to maintain expeditionary reach amid fiscal and readiness pressures.^[81]^[82]

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San Antonio class LPD Amphibious Transport Dock Ship US Navy
It carries fewer troops, but has twice as much space for vehicles, landing craft, and aircraft. The project embraced a "Design for Ownership" philosophy; a ...Missing: definition | Show results with:definition
[39]
HII LAUNCHES AMPHIBIOUS TRANSPORT DOCK HARRISBURG ...
Oct 8, 2024 · The first LPD Flight II, San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock ship Harrisburg (LPD 30) sits on the Ingalls Shipbuilding dry dock prior to ...
[40]
San Giorgio Class Landing Platform Dock (LPD) - Naval Technology
Mar 20, 2000 · Three San Giorgio Class amphibious transport dock ships in service with the Italian Navy were built by Fincantieri at their Riva Trigoso ...
[41]
Juan Carlos I · undefined - Navantia
Prepared to lead joint and combined operations. 04. Full amphibious capability. Includes flood dock and landing craft. Designed to maximise strategic projection ...
[42]
HMAS Canberra (III) | Royal Australian Navy
There are 2 aircraft elevators that can accommodate medium sized helicopters, with one able to accommodate larger helicopters such as CH 47. Both aircraft ...
[43]
San Giorgio class Amphibious Transport Dock LPD Italian Navy
The San Giorgio class LPDs are amphibious transport docks with a 7950-8000 ton displacement, 133m length, 21 knot speed, 3 landing spots, and can carry 350 ...
[44]
Kalaat Beni-Abbes - Fincantieri
The Kalaat Beni-Abbes is an amphibious landing platform dock (LPD) with an internal floodable dock, 2 landing spots for EH101, and 2 take-off spots for EH101 & ...San Giusto Class · Technical Information · Helo Capabilities
[45]
San Giorgio - GlobalSecurity.org
Nov 7, 2011 · The San Giorgio class ships can lift a battalion of troops, with up to 30 medium tanks, or 36 tracked armoured vehicles.
[46]
LHD "Juan Carlos I" (L-61) - Ships - Armada - Ministerio de Defensa
The multi-purpose Strategic Projection Ship 'Juan Carlos I' is the largest naval unit ever built in Spain. Her NATO denomination is LHD (Landing Helicopter ...
[47]
l-61 sps juan carlos amphibious ship aircraft carrier spanish navy
The vessel has a flight deck of 202 metres (663 ft), with a ski-jump ramp. The ship's flight deck has eight landing spots for Harrier, F-35 Lightning II or ...
[48]
Canberra Class Landing Helicopter Docks (LHDs) - Naval Technology
May 6, 2016 · The Canberra Class LHD can transport more than 1,100 troops, 100 armoured vehicles and 12 rotary-wing aircraft. Design features of the Canberra ...
[49]
Landing Platform Dock Zr.Ms. Rotterdam - Damen Shipyards
166.2 Length (m) 25 Beam (m) 5.8 Draft (m) 6000 Range 128 Crew Missions: Amphibious support. Strategic transport. Joint operations headquarters.
[50]
HNLMS Rotterdam L-800 Amphibious Ship Netherlands Navy
Namesake: City of Rotterdam ; Ship's motto: STERKER DOOR STRIJD (stronger from struggle) ; Technical Data: · 166 meters (544 ft 7 in) Beam: 27 meters (88 ft 7 in)Missing: transport specifications
[51]
Bay class Landing Ship Dock Amphibious Royal Fleet Auxilary
They are 579.4 feet (176.6 m) long, with a beam of 86.6 feet (26.4 m), and a draught of 19 feet (5.8 m). Propulsion power is provided by two Wärtsilä 8L26 ...Missing: UK retired
[52]
Royal Navy warship out of service dates revealed
May 15, 2025 · Wave Class (Tanker Ships): 2025; Tide Class (Fleet Tankers): 2040; Bay Class (Landing Ship Dock): 2034; Fort Class (Replenishment Ships): 2028 ...
[53]
Type 075 Aviation Amphibious Assault Ship (LPH / LHA) - Variants
Jan 8, 2021 · The Type 075 amphibious ship dock can carry the 726A amphibious air cushion landing craft that is currently equipped with the Type 071 ...
[54]
Navy expands amphibious assault fleet - China Military
Aug 4, 2025 · According to defense technology analysts, the Type 075's flight deck is about 230 meters long and nearly 40 meters wide, and displaces nearly ...Missing: specifications | Show results with:specifications
[55]
Raleigh IV (LPD-1) - Naval History and Heritage Command
Aug 26, 2015 · After a yard period at the U.S. Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, Va., she deployed to the Caribbean 1 April 1965 with the Amphibious Ready Squadron.
[56]
USS OGDEN (LPD-5) Deployments & History - HullNumber.com
The USS OGDEN (LPD-5), an Austin class amphibious transport dock, was commissioned on 19 JUN 1965. ... With the end of the war in Vietnam, the OGDEN ...
[57]
Complete History of the USS Duluth LPD-6 - ussduluth.org
The USS DULUTH (LPD-6), an Austin Class Amphibious Transport Dock, was commissioned on 18 DEC 1965. ... Vietnam War and more recently supported Operation ...
[58]
Juneau III (LPD-10) - Naval History and Heritage Command
Jul 24, 2015 · Amphibious transport dock Cleveland (LPD-7) relieved Juneau on 31 ... 1991) during the Persian Gulf War (I). She sailed as part of Task ...
[59]
USS Austin class LPD 4 amphibious transport dock landing ship
In 2002- 2003 the Austin deployed for the Persian Gulf in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Austin's final deployment was from ...
[60]
Carrier USS Ronald Reagan Leaves Middle East After Almost 3 ...
Sep 16, 2021 · USS Iwo Jima (LHD-7), USS Carter Hall (LSD-50) and USS San Antonio (LPD-17) with the embarked 24th MEU arrived in the region in June and joined ...
[61]
Marine and Navy personnel provide relief to Haitians in Carrefour
Sep 2, 2010 · ... humanitarian aid/disaster relief mission in Haiti. The NAS ARG ... amphibious transport dock ship USS Mesa Verde (LPD 19). IMAGE INFO ...
[62]
[PDF] The U.S. Pacific Command Response to Super Typhoon Haiyan
Nov 8, 2024 · The Philippine government issued a request for humanitarian assistance to the U.S. Government on November 9. (Washington, DC, time). USPACOM.Missing: dock LPD
[63]
ALOHA – Somerset | 15th MEU join RIMPAC 2024 Marines ...
Jul 4, 2024 · Twenty-nine nations, 40 surface ships, three submarines, 14 national land forces, more than 150 aircraft and 25,000 personnel are participating ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[64]
RIMPAC News — U.S. Pacific Fleet
Jul 31, 2024 · Twenty nine nations, 40 surface ships, three submarines, 14 national land forces, more than 150 aircraft and 25,000 personnel are participating ...Missing: 2020 | Show results with:2020
[65]
The U.S. Navy's Amphibious Fleet Is in Crisis - 19FortyFive
Feb 8, 2025 · A government report reveals that half of the U.S. Navy's amphibious fleet is in poor condition, impacting Marine Corps readiness and ...
[66]
Austin-class amphibious transport dock - Wikipedia
The Austin class was a class of twelve amphibious transport dock ships in service with the United States Navy from 1965 to 2017.
[67]
U.S Navy to Christen Future USS Harrisburg
Jan 13, 2025 · The US Navy will christen the future USS Harrisburg (LPD 30) during a ceremony on Saturday, January 11, 2025, at 10:00 AM CST at HII's Ingalls Shipbuilding ...
[68]
US Navy's 14th San Antonio-class LPD christened at HII's Ingalls
Jan 13, 2025 · In addition, the Navy's FY2025 30-year shipbuilding plan anticipates sustaining a fleet of 31 amphibious ships. Within the proposed FY2025 ...
[69]
China Has Commissioned the Fourth Type 075 Amphibious Assault ...
Aug 6, 2025 · Type 075 amphibious assault ships can land marines, carry military equipment and helicopters, allowing for long-range landing operations.
[70]
Royal Navy finished as full-spectrum force as Albion and Bulwark axed
Nov 20, 2024 · The UK Royal Navy has ended its full spectrum naval capability following the scrapping of two amphibious assault ships, HMS Albion and HMS Bulwark.
[71]
Is Britain right to sacrifice capability today for 'jam' tomorrow?
Apr 11, 2025 · The decision to decommission the Albion class ships was made alongside a number of other announcements which came about due to a desire to ...
[72]
Amphibious ships lagging behind Navy's 80% ready-to-deploy goal
Apr 8, 2025 · Ships, submarines and aircraft are hovering at about a 67-70% readiness, Navy leaders said Monday during the 2025 Sea Air Space Symposium. But ...
[73]
[PDF] GAO-25-106728, AMPHIBIOUS WARFARE FLEET: Navy Needs to ...
Dec 3, 2024 · The Navy's amphibious warfare fleet is composed of amphibious assault ships (LHD/LHA classes) and dock landing ships and amphibious transport ...
[74]
The Strategic Consequences of Deferred Maintenance: Challenges ...
Jun 25, 2025 · Additionally, shortages in skilled personnel further exacerbate repair timelines, reducing fleet readiness and increasing the operational strain ...Missing: crew | Show results with:crew
[75]
Navy Moving Away from 'Optionally Manned' Vessels as Service ...
The Navy is placing less weight on optionally manned surface vehicles as it refines requirements for a new type of vessel that will support ...
[76]
[PDF] 2025 Force Design Update - Marines.mil
Amphibious Operations (April 2025) so that our concepts align with the way ... Working aggressively with the Navy, we are moving to field this capability as soon ...
[77]
Navy LPD-17 Flight II and LHA Amphibious Ship Programs
Mar 21, 2025 · This report provides background information and issues for Congress on two types of amphibious ships being procured by the Navy.
[78]
The U.S. Navy's New “Hybrid Fleet” Concept: Implications for Industry
Oct 8, 2025 · The U.S. Navy has embarked on a sea change in the composition of the future fleet, indicating that the Navy-After-Next will be a “Hybrid ...
[79]
An Analysis of the Navy's 2025 Shipbuilding Plan
Jan 6, 2025 · The 2025 plan aims at building a larger fleet whose firepower is greater and distributed among more ships than it is today.