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DS 3

The is a subcompact crossover (also classified as a supermini or small ) manufactured by the automaker , a Stellantis-owned focused on high-end vehicles. Launched initially in 2009 as the —a three-door positioned as the entry point to 's premium DS sub-brand—it marked the start of the modern DS lineup inspired by the iconic 1955 . By 2014, following the creation of DS as a standalone marque, the model transitioned fully to DS branding, with a facelifted version introduced in 2016 that included updated styling, new engine options, and enhanced interior . The second-generation DS 3, unveiled in 2018 and entering production in 2019 as the DS 3 Crossback (a five-door crossover variant), emphasized and advanced technology while retaining the model's signature bold, sculpted design with features like a "floating roof" aesthetic, LED lighting, and customizable exterior elements. In 2023, the name was simplified to DS 3, aligning it with the brand's evolving , and by 2025 it is available exclusively as a mild- or fully to meet stricter emissions standards, with 2024 updates including a revised and improved battery. Measuring approximately 4,118 in length, 1,791 in width, and 1,534 in height, it offers seating for five passengers and a boot capacity of 350 litres, prioritizing agile urban handling with a of 2,558 . Powertrain options for the current DS 3 include a 1.2-litre three-cylinder mild-hybrid petrol engine producing 136 PS (100 kW), paired with a six-speed automatic transmission, achieving 0-62 mph acceleration in 8.4 seconds and official fuel economy of up to 56.6 mpg (WLTP), with CO2 emissions as low as 112 g/km. The electric DS 3 E-Tense variant features a 54 kWh battery delivering up to 248 miles of range (WLTP), supported by a 156 PS electric motor and rapid charging capability from 20% to 80% in about 30 minutes at 100 kW. Standard technology encompasses the DS IRIS infotainment system with a 10.3-inch HD touchscreen, voice assistance integrated with ChatGPT (introduced in 2025), Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, a seven-inch digital driver display, and advanced driver aids like adaptive cruise control and a 360-degree camera. Available in trims such as Pallas, Pallas 55, and Étoile, pricing starts at around £32,910 for the mild-hybrid in the UK market (as of 2025), positioning it as a stylish, efficient alternative in the premium small car segment.

Overview

Concept and positioning

The DS 3 originated as the DS3, with its concept unveiled as the DS Inside at the 2009 Motor Show and production beginning in 2010 as the first model in 's DS line. In 2014, announced the separation of the DS sub-brand from to establish it as a standalone marque. The model was rebranded as the DS 3 in 2016 under the independent brand. This move aimed to position DS as a alternative leveraging automotive heritage, distinct from 's mainstream offerings. Positioned as a supermini in the , the DS 3 combines efficiency with subtle crossover elements for enhanced urban maneuverability and style, targeting young, affluent, style-conscious buyers who prioritize expressive design over utilitarian functionality. It emphasizes elegance—characterized by fluid lines and personalization options like contrasting roof colors and graphics—contrasting with the engineering precision of rivals. In the luxury small car market, it competes directly with the , , and , appealing to those seeking sophisticated urban mobility with a touch of flair. The model's design draws from Citroën's storied of innovative , incorporating modern features such as customizable roof treatments that allow buyers to mix body and roof hues for individualized expression, a hallmark that set it apart upon launch. This approach evolved into the second-generation DS 3, which shifted to a dedicated platform while retaining its core identity as an agile, upscale city car.

Initial development

The development of the DS 3 originated under as part of the revived DS premium sub-brand, with work beginning in 2007. This project aimed to create a compact to compete in the supermini segment, leveraging the Group's PF1 platform, which was also used by the for cost efficiency and shared components. The model was officially launched in January 2010, following its reveal at the 2009 Motor Show, marking the first vehicle in 's modern DS lineup. The DS sub-brand separation from Citroën was completed in 2016, with the DS 3 positioned as the flagship model to anchor the new marque's identity. This allowed DS to develop distinct engineering and styling without Citroën badges, though production continued on the PF1 platform through the first generation until 2019. The second generation, reimagined as the DS 3 Crossback crossover, was unveiled in September 2018 at the , shifting to the new (CMP) designed for enhanced modularity and electrification readiness across PSA's small-vehicle lineup. This platform enabled the integration of electric powertrains from launch, with the all-electric DS 3 Crossback E-Tense following in 2019. Sales of the second-generation model commenced in early 2019 in key European markets. In 2025, the model received a minor facelift featuring updated exterior styling, including a new chrome-stripped grille, sharper front bumper, and wider-set daytime running lights, though plans for a successor were later cancelled by .

First generation (2009–2019)

Design and variants

The first-generation DS 3 was offered exclusively as a three-door , measuring 3.95 meters in length and 1.71 meters in width, which contributed to its compact and agile . In 2013, a cabriolet variant, the DS 3 Cabrio, was introduced, featuring a two-door body with a power-operated retractable fabric that folds in 17 seconds and operates at speeds up to 120 km/h. The exterior design emphasized a bold, flat-fronted with slim, pointed "eagle-eye" headlights integrated into a distinctive chrome-trimmed grille, evoking a premium and sporty character. A signature element was the contrasting roof color options—available in black, white, blue, or red against various body shades—creating a "floating" effect that enhanced personalization and visual appeal. Inside, the DS 3 adopted premium materials such as full leather upholstery and Alcantara accents in higher trims, with extensive customization options for colors, finishes, and even gear knobs to match exterior themes. The compact cabin included supportive bucket seats, though practicality was limited by a 285-liter capacity in the , expanding to 199 liters with the roof down in the cabriolet. Special variants added exclusivity to the lineup. The DS 3 Racing, launched in 2010 as a limited-edition model, featured a lowered by 15 mm, widened track, and carbon fiber accents on the front splitter, wheel arches, and side sills, paired with 18-inch alloys for enhanced sportiness. In 2011, the Matière Grise edition was released in a run of 750 units, distinguished by its exclusive matte gray exterior paint, chrome mirror caps, and door trims, targeting buyers seeking a sophisticated, understated aesthetic.

2016 facelift

The 2016 facelift of the DS 3 was introduced to refresh the first-generation model's aging design, with orders opening on 5 February 2016 and first deliveries commencing in spring of that year for the 2016 model year. This mid-cycle update applied across the entire lineup, including the , Cabrio, , and variants, while introducing new personalization options such as over three million possible color and trim combinations, including fresh hues like Sport Red. Exterior revisions centered on the front end, featuring a new DS-badged hexagonal grille with bold, three-dimensional 'wings' extending to swept-back /LED headlights, incorporating LED daytime running lights, indicators, and foglamps on higher-spec models. The rear received subtle reprofiling of the lights with a LED pattern, and new designs were added, available in sizes up to 18 inches depending on trim, such as 16-inch on and 17-inch on . The Cabrio variant gained four new fabric roof finishes to enhance its customization appeal. Inside, the facelift brought upgraded materials and trims, including 'watch-strap' leather seats and chrome accents on the fascia, bezelled instruments, and handbrake for a more premium feel. The infotainment system was enhanced with a standard 7-inch color touchscreen on entry-level models, supporting Mirror Screen functionality for Apple CarPlay and Android mirroring, alongside Bluetooth connectivity via the optional DS Connect Box for hands-free calling, navigation, and app integration. These updates reduced the number of central fascia buttons by around 20, improving usability while maintaining the model's distinctive Parisian-inspired interior motifs, such as optional etchings of city landmarks.

Powertrains

The first-generation DS 3 offered a range of petrol and powertrains, emphasizing efficiency and performance within a compact . Petrol options included the naturally aspirated 1.4-litre VTi producing 95 (70 kW), suitable for entry-level models with a focus on urban driving, and the 1.6-litre VTi variant delivering 120 (88 kW) for balanced everyday use. Turbocharged petrol engines featured the 1.6-litre THP unit in 150 (110 kW; 148 ) or 156 (115 kW; 154 ) configurations, providing stronger acceleration and higher top speeds for sportier variants. The high-performance DS 3 employed a tuned 1.6-litre THP outputting 207 (152 kW), incorporating enhancements like a re-mapped and sports exhaust for enhanced responsiveness. Diesel powertrains centered on the 1.6-litre with stop-start , available in 90 (66 kW) and 115 (85 kW) versions, both featuring a particulate filter () for reduced emissions. These units complied with Euro 5 standards initially, progressing to Euro 6 in later production years, and prioritized for long-distance economy. All engines drove the front wheels exclusively, with no all-wheel-drive options. Transmissions included five- or six-speed manuals for most variants, paired with the petrol and engines for direct control, while a six-speed automatic (ETG6) was available on select models like the 1.6 VTi and e-HDi . Performance varied by engine; the DS 3 Racing achieved 0-100 km/h in 6.5 seconds and a top speed of 235 km/h, while combined fuel economy across the lineup typically ranged from 5 to 6 L/100 km under NEDC testing. The 2016 facelift introduced minor efficiency improvements, such as optimized engine mapping for slightly better consumption figures.

Safety features

The first-generation DS 3 was equipped with standard passive and active safety features, including (ABS) with (EBD), (ESP) from 2010 onwards, and six airbags (dual front, front side, and curtain). ISOFIX child seat anchors were provided on the rear outer seats, along with three rear head restraints. The DS Connect Box system, available on later models, could automatically alert emergency services in the event of an accident. In Euro NCAP testing conducted in 2009, the DS 3 received a five-star overall rating under the then-current protocols. However, following protocol updates, the rating was downgraded to three stars in 2017, with scores of 69% for adult occupant protection, 37% for child occupant protection, and 29% for safety assist. The lower child protection score was partly due to the lack of standard autonomous emergency braking (AEB), which was not available on the model. In June 2025, Stellantis issued a stop-drive action for all first-generation DS 3 vehicles manufactured between 2009 and 2019, due to defects in Takata airbags that could rupture and cause injury. Owners were advised not to drive the vehicles until repairs were completed.

Production and sales

The first-generation DS 3 was manufactured at Citroën's plant near , , from 2009 to 2019. By November 2012, production had reached 200,000 units. Overall, approximately 450,000 to 500,000 units were produced globally by the end of its run, with the majority sold in . Sales in peaked in 2013 with 59,658 units, contributing to a total of around 350,000 units in the region from 2010 to 2019. The model was exported to over 30 countries, including the (where 82,288 units were registered from 2010 to 2019) and select markets in and , but faced increasing competition from premium rivals like the . Sales declined towards the end of production, with only 6,492 units registered in in 2019. The 2025 Takata airbag recall impacted remaining vehicles in circulation, highlighting ongoing safety concerns for older models.

Second generation (2019–present)

Design and platform

The second-generation DS 3, introduced in 2019 as the DS 3 Crossback, marks a shift from the first-generation's supermini design to a more elevated crossover format. It is built on the (CMP), a flexible architecture developed by the (now ) and shared with models such as the and , which supports a range of powertrains including electric variants while optimizing weight and space efficiency. The platform contributes to the vehicle's compact yet versatile structure, with an overall length of 4,118 mm and a of 2,558 mm, providing a high-riding stance suitable for urban and light off-road use. The exterior styling emphasizes a premium supermini crossover aesthetic with subtle SUV-inspired elements, including flush-fitting door handles and a raised ground clearance of 170 mm. Distinctive features include the DS MATRIX LED VISION headlights, which incorporate adaptive technology for dynamic beam adjustment, and a front grille adorned with Clous de Paris-inspired embossed patterns, drawing from artisanal embroidery motifs for a luxurious visual signature. The offers 350 liters of capacity with seats up, expanding to 1,050 liters when folded, balancing practicality with the model's compact footprint. Inside, the cabin prioritizes refinement with options for Nappa leather in various configurations, enhancing the upscale feel through detailed stitching and material contrasts. The integrates a 10.3-inch system alongside a digital instrument cluster, supporting features like Apple CarPlay and . Ambient lighting is adjustable to create customizable moods, complementing the overall sensory experience. Exclusive to a five-door crossover body style, the DS 3 dispenses with convertible variants from prior generations, focusing instead on versatility for everyday use. is facilitated through the official DS Configurator tool, allowing buyers to select from multiple exterior colors, wheel designs, and interior trims to tailor the vehicle.

Powertrains and electrification

The second generation DS 3 offers a range of powertrains built on the (CMP), which enables compatibility with both conventional and electrified propulsion systems. Petrol power comes from the 1.2-liter PureTech three-cylinder turbocharged engine, available in 100 hp and 130 hp outputs pre-2024. The 100 hp variant paired with a six-speed and achieved fuel consumption of 5.1 L/100 km (WLTP combined). The 130 hp version was equipped with an eight-speed EAT8 automatic transmission, with efficiency rated at 5.3 L/100 km (WLTP combined). From 2024, these petrol engines incorporate a 48V system for improved efficiency and reduced emissions. As of 2025, options are limited to the mild hybrid and fully electric E-Tense, with pure ICE variants discontinued in major markets. The (MHEV) system, introduced in 2024, pairs the 1.2-liter PureTech (136 ) with a 48V (21 kW), achieving a peak of 145 and 230 Nm of . It uses a 0.9 kWh and a six-speed e-DCS dual-clutch , allowing electric-only operation for short distances at low speeds below 30 km/h. Efficiency reaches 4.9 L/100 km (WLTP combined), with CO2 emissions of 112 g/km. The 1.5-liter BlueHDi provided 110 hp, mated to the , and delivered 4.5 L/100 km (WLTP combined), though it has been phased out in several markets including the . The all-electric DS 3 E-Tense features a front-mounted producing 156 hp (115 kW) and 260 of post-2022 facelift, driven through a single-speed . The initial 50 kWh offered a WLTP of 320 km and of 14 kWh/100 km. In the 2022 facelift, the was enlarged to 54 kWh (), boosting the WLTP to 402 km while maintaining similar . Overall, internal combustion and variants achieve 4.5-5.5 L/100 km (WLTP), while the electric model targets 14 kWh/100 km.

2022 facelift

The 2022 facelift for the DS 3 was unveiled on 26 September 2022 during , coinciding with the event's emphasis on elegance and design innovation. The update simplified the model's nomenclature by dropping the "Crossback" designation, rebranding it simply as the New DS 3 to align more closely with ' luxury positioning. Orders opened in October 2022, with initial deliveries in markets like the beginning in 2023. Exterior revisions focused on a more dynamic and refined appearance, particularly at the front end. The grille was enlarged and redesigned with a mesh pattern finished in gloss black or diamond tips depending on trim level, accompanied by reduced chrome accents for a cleaner look, a sharper front bumper lip, and wider-set daytime running lights. Sharper LED daytime running lights in the signature "DS Wings" style extended along the headlights, which now feature three modules and optional Matrix LED technology for adaptive beam functionality. New designs in 17- and 18-inch sizes were introduced, including the Toulouse style for the E-Tense variant, contributing to subtle aerodynamic enhancements that improved overall efficiency without altering the core second-generation silhouette. Seven exterior colors were offered, including new pearlescent options like Diva Red. Interior updates emphasized technological integration and premium materials. The infotainment system was upgraded to the new DS IRIS platform, featuring a standard 10.3-inch high-definition with customizable widgets, natural voice recognition, and wireless compatibility for and . Trim levels like Rivoli and added Nappa leather and Alcantara upholstery with pearl stitching and Clous de Paris detailing for enhanced . A new design complemented the digital instrument cluster, maintaining the compact cabin's focus on driver-centric ergonomics. Powertrain adjustments refined efficiency across the lineup, with particular emphasis on the electric E-Tense version. The E-Tense received a larger 54 kWh battery (50.8 kWh usable capacity) paired with a more powerful 115 kW (156 hp) electric motor, boosting the WLTP range to 402 km (250 miles) from the previous model's 320 km (199 miles), an increase of approximately 82 km. Petrol options included the 100 hp PureTech three-cylinder with manual transmission and the 130 hp version with an eight-speed automatic, while diesel variants remained available in select markets. These tweaks, combined with aerodynamic optimizations, enhanced real-world performance without major mechanical overhauls.

2025 updates

The 2025 DS 3 emphasizes with the 136 becoming the standard petrol option, replacing pure internal combustion engines and achieving up to 112 g/km CO2 emissions under WLTP testing. This setup enables electric-only driving at low speeds below 30 km/h, contributing to official fuel economy figures around 56.6 while reducing overall emissions compared to prior non- petrol variants. Technological enhancements for the 2025 model include upgraded digital cameras front and rear, enabling a clearer 360° Vision video assistance system displayed on the 10.3-inch for improved maneuvering. The DS IRIS infotainment system now integrates ChatGPT-powered voice recognition, accessible through over-the-air () software updates that automatically refine features like and . For the E-Tense electric variant, the 54 kWh maintains its 8-year/100,000-mile with 70% retention guaranteed, delivering up to 402 km WLTP , supported by standard battery thermal management. Market adaptations for 2025 emphasize European electrification incentives, with the E-Tense qualifying for a £1,500 UK Plug-in Car Grant and a complimentary home wallbox charger (up to £999 value with installation) to lower ownership costs and encourage adoption amid stricter EU emissions regulations. OTA capabilities extend to the e-Pro Wallbox for optimized charging, ensuring the vehicle remains compliant and efficient through remote updates without dealer visits.

Safety features

The second-generation DS 3 incorporates a of active safety systems designed to enhance driver assistance and prevent collisions. Standard features include with stop-and-go functionality, which maintains a from the vehicle ahead and automatically adjusts speed in traffic; lane keep assist, which gently corrects steering to prevent unintentional lane departure; and automatic emergency braking, capable of detecting vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists to apply brakes if necessary. These systems are integrated into the DS Drive Assist package, enabling semi-autonomous driving on highways while keeping the driver in control. Complementing these active technologies, the DS Active Scan Suspension uses a forward-facing camera to road conditions up to 20 meters ahead, preemptively adjusting on each to improve and reduce body roll during maneuvers, thereby balancing ride comfort with enhanced handling . Passive safety elements include seven airbags—dual front, front side, , and driver knee—to protect occupants in impacts, along with a reinforced passenger cell constructed from high-strength in the CMP for better absorption and compartment integrity during crashes. In the 2019 evaluation, the DS 3 Crossback achieved a five-star overall rating in its standard configuration, with 96% for adult occupant protection and 86% for child occupant protection, reflecting strong performance in frontal and side impact tests along with 64% for vulnerable user protection and 76% for assist. The 2022 facelift introduced updates to bolster these capabilities, including enhanced automatic emergency braking with improved and cyclist detection using advanced and camera sensors for better low-light and angled approach recognition, as well as a highway driver attention warning system that monitors steering patterns and eye closure via an interior camera to alert fatigued drivers. For the E-TENSE electric variant, the underfloor is encased in a rigid aluminum housing integrated into the reinforced cell structure, designed to prevent intrusion and in crashes; this configuration was verified through additional impact tests in 2020, confirming equivalent protection to the models. regenerative braking further aids safety by providing smoother deceleration and maintaining vehicle control in slippery conditions.

Production and sales

The second-generation DS 3 is primarily manufactured at the near , , which produces both the DS 3 and the on shared lines. The facility's production capacity for the DS 3 is estimated at around 100,000 units annually, supporting output for and select international markets. Global sales of the brand, of which the DS 3 is a core volume model, reached approximately 42,000 units in 2024, reflecting a 24% decline from the previous year amid broader market pressures. In , where the majority of sales occur, the brand recorded 37,480 registrations in 2024, down 22.4% year-over-year, with the DS 3 contributing significantly as the entry-level offering. Sales have shown pockets of growth in markets like the and , driven by government incentives for electrified vehicles; for instance, DS registrations in rose 50.1% to 3,587 units in 2024, with nearly 70% involving electrified variants. Electrified models, including the DS 3 E-Tense, have accounted for a growing share, comprising about 45% of recent brand deliveries in key regions. DS Automobiles' market strategy centers on , with a commitment to offer only and fully electric powertrains for all new models starting in 2025, aligning with broader goals for sustainable mobility. The brand exports to over 30 countries, primarily in , with targeted expansion in select international markets through localized incentives and premium positioning. However, challenges persist, including the complete withdrawal from in 2023 due to intense local competition and economic headwinds. Additionally, a June 2025 extension of the stop-drive action for first-generation DS 3 vehicles (2009–2019) related to Takata airbag defects has raised concerns about lingering brand perception issues, potentially impacting trust in newer models.

Reception and legacy

Awards and recognition

The first-generation Citroën DS3 garnered significant industry recognition for its innovative design and driving dynamics shortly after its 2009 debut. In 2010, it was awarded Top Gear magazine's Small Car of the Year, with the publication also naming it overall Car of the Year for revitalizing Citroën's image through its stylish execution and engaging performance. The following year, the DS3 tied for Women's World Car of the Year, praised for its blend of premium feel and accessibility that appealed broadly to female voters. It also secured Diesel Car magazine's Best Small Car and overall Car of the Year honors in 2011, highlighting the efficiency and fun-to-drive nature of its diesel variants. These early accolades, particularly the Top Gear win, contributed to a notable sales uplift, helping the model exceed 200,000 units produced by 2012. The DS3's distinctive styling earned it the Fleet World Design Award in 2011, where judges commended its personalization options and bold aesthetics that set it apart in the supermini segment. This recognition underscored the model's role in elevating Group's premium positioning, with the DS3 frequently shortlisted for broader honors that boosted the lineup's visibility in European markets. For the second generation launched in 2019, the DS 3 continued to receive praise for its elegant -inspired design. It was nominated for Most Beautiful at the 2019 Festival Automobile International, a prestigious celebrating automotive artistry and . The model's consistent styling evolution has been highlighted in subsequent years, reinforcing ' reputation for sophisticated small-car design within the (now ) portfolio.

Market performance and criticism

The first-generation DS 3 achieved strong initial success as the of the emerging DS sub-brand, which surpassed 500,000 units worldwide by 2015. The second-generation model, launched in 2019, faced challenges amid a broader decline in ' European , which fell 3.1% in despite overall market growth of 13.9%. The brand's shift toward , including the DS 3 E-Tense, contributed to a partial recovery in 2024, with global volumes dropping to around 42,000 units that year—a 24% decline from . In 2025, reported notable growth in markets like during the first half, amid ongoing transition efforts and ' Q3 shipment increase of 13% year-over-year, though full-year brand volumes remain challenged. Overall, maintained less than 1% in in 2024, where total new car registrations reached 10.6 million units. Consumer feedback has praised the DS 3 for its unique styling, which sets it apart in the premium small crossover segment with distinctive design elements. The model's advanced suspension system delivers exceptional ride comfort, earning high marks in owner and expert assessments for smoothing out urban roads and highways. Additionally, the DS 3 demonstrates varied resale value; non-electrified variants retain around 60% after three years, while the E-Tense model depreciates faster, retaining about 25-40%, depending on market conditions—and has been repeatedly recognized as a top used small car. Criticisms of the DS 3 often center on its subcompact dimensions, resulting in tight rear passenger space that limits practicality for families compared to larger rivals like the . Pricing has also drawn scrutiny, as the model's premium positioning places it above competitors such as the Mini Countryman or , potentially deterring value-conscious buyers. Some early DS 3 E-Tense owners reported issues with range estimation and charging due to the passive battery cooling system, though no major recalls have been issued and expert reviews note overall reliability. The DS 3 has left a lasting legacy as a pioneer in small crossovers, capturing up to 40% of the premium subcompact market in its early years and influencing subsequent models with its blend of style and compact luxury. In 2025 reviews, the updated DS 3 is noted for improved value through enhanced running costs and refined features, though experts urge the development of a successor to maintain competitiveness amid ' strategic shifts away from smaller models.

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