Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

King Levinsky

King Levinsky (September 10, 1910 – September 30, 1991), born Harris Krakow in , raised in , , was an American professional boxer who competed primarily as a from 1928 to 1939. Known also as Kingfish Levinsky, he hailed from a Jewish family prominent in Chicago's fish market and was managed by his sister Lena Levy throughout his career. Levinsky's professional record stood at 74 wins (40 by ), 35 losses, and 7 draws over 116 bouts, during which he faced many of the era's top heavyweights without capturing a world title. Notable victories included a 1933 unanimous decision upset over former world champion and decision wins over ex-light heavyweight titleholder in 1931 and 1933. He also scored a fifth-round against Leo Lomski in 1930, marking Lomski's first knockout loss. Among his high-profile losses were a first-round knockout to future champion in 1935 at in , where he was floored four times in just over two minutes, and defeats to Max Baer in 1932 and in 1934. Standing at 5 feet 11 inches, Levinsky was renowned for his durability, marketability as a colorful personality, and willingness to take on elite competition, contributing to his popularity in the Depression-era scene. Outside the ring, Levinsky married fan dancer Rose Glickman in 1934 after meeting her at the , blending his public persona with showbiz elements. He retired in 1939 and passed away in , at age 81.

Early life

Birth and family background

Harris Krakow, who later became known as the boxer King Levinsky, was born on September 10, 1910, in , , to Eastern European Jewish immigrant parents. The family settled in the city's area, a bustling Jewish that served as a primary entry point for immigrants from shtetls in regions like and during the early . This environment shaped the family's daily life amid the cultural and economic challenges faced by Jewish newcomers, including language barriers, overcrowded tenements, and reliance on informal markets for survival. The Krakows were part of a larger network of fish peddlers on , where the family operated a modest stall selling fresh and processed to the local community. His parents managed the business, with his mother Sarah Krakow actively involved in its operations, while the children, including Harris and his siblings—sister (later ), sister (later Minsky), and brother Adolph—contributed from a young age. The stall's work involved gutting and scaling , weighing larger catches like , and hawking goods amid the chaotic, vendor-filled market, all under the economic pressures of and anti-immigrant sentiment prevalent in 1910s–1920s . This laborious family trade inadvertently honed Krakow's physical prowess; as a youth, he regularly hauled heavy fish barrels and performed other strenuous tasks, building the strength and endurance that would later define his athletic career. The immigrant Jewish context of , with its emphasis on communal resilience and Yiddish-infused commerce, provided a formative backdrop, though specific details on his father's background remain sparse beyond his role in the peddling trade.

Path to boxing

Levinsky's early physical prowess stemmed from his laborious work in the family on Chicago's , where he hauled heavy barrels of halibut and other seafood, building exceptional strength in his arms and shoulders that later informed his punching power. This manual labor in the bustling Jewish neighborhood exposed him to the rough-and-tumble environment of the streets, where he gained a reputation for toughness through informal scuffles and alley confrontations, honing his natural brawling instincts without structured guidance. Unlike many boxers of his era, Levinsky had no notable amateur career, bypassing competitive amateur circuits entirely and opting for a direct plunge into professional prizefighting at the age of 17 in 1928. His decision was driven primarily by a desperate motivation to escape the grinding poverty of his fish-peddling existence, viewing boxing as a viable path to financial stability and social mobility in Depression-era Chicago. Around 1927-1928, Levinsky's professional aspirations crystallized, spurred by encouragement from his sister , who saw untapped potential in his raw physicality and promised the allure of easy earnings over market drudgery. He began initial training under local handlers, including figures like Whitey Ekwert, focusing on basic sessions that were often unverified and informal, allowing him to test his wild, unorthodox swings in gym settings within the city's Jewish communities.

Professional boxing career

Debut and early fights

King Levinsky, born Harris Krakow, made his professional boxing debut on July 13, 1928, losing to Nick Taft by points decision over four rounds at the in Chicago, Illinois. This initial bout marked his entry into the division, where he would compete full-time throughout his career, leveraging his sturdy build developed from family labor in Chicago's fish markets. From 1928 to 1930, Levinsky rapidly built his professional record, engaging in approximately 20 bouts primarily in and surrounding Midwest venues such as and . He secured victories against local heavyweights like and Chick Rife, often by points decisions in six-round contests at locations including and the Coliseum, establishing a pattern of consistent undercard appearances that honed his aggressive, brawling style. By the end of 1930, his record stood at 15 wins and 3 losses in this period, with setbacks including disqualifications and decisions against fighters like and Paul Swiderski, reflecting the competitive local scene without yet propelling him into national rankings. Early in his career, Levinsky transitioned to management under his sister Lena Levy around , who became one of the first reported female boxing managers and guided his progression from regional bouts. As a Jewish in the late Midwest, he navigated challenges including pervasive and regional biases that limited opportunities for Jewish athletes in , often confining them to local circuits amid broader societal prejudices.

Peak achievements and notable bouts

Levinsky first broke into The Ring magazine's top 10 rankings in 1931 at No. 4, climbing to a career-high No. 3 in 1933 before settling at No. 5 in 1934, establishing himself as a consistent contender during the early division dominated by figures like and Max Baer. This period marked his most prominent national exposure, as he transitioned from regional bouts to high-profile matchups that showcased his aggressive style and durability against elite opposition. A defining aspect of Levinsky's peak was his trilogy with former light heavyweight champion , spanning from 1930 to 1933 with mixed outcomes that underscored his growing prowess. Their first encounter on November 21, 1930, at ended in a 10-round loss for Levinsky, but he reversed the result with a victory over 10 rounds on December 31, 1931, at , where he floored Loughran three times en route to the win. The series concluded with another defeat for Levinsky on January 10, 1933, at Philadelphia's Convention Hall, in a competitive 10-round affair attended by over 7,500 spectators. These bouts highlighted Levinsky's ability to challenge skilled technicians, boosting his profile ahead of bigger opportunities. Levinsky secured one of his signature victories on September 18, 1933, at Chicago's , defeating former world heavyweight champion by unanimous 10-round decision in front of 20,000 fans; Sharkey, who had lost his title to Carnera just three months prior, was floored in the opening round and struggled throughout. However, his record against other top heavyweights included notable setbacks, such as unanimous 10-round decisions to Carnera on November 19, 1931, at —where the Italian giant's size advantage proved decisive before 20,000 onlookers—and a split decision loss in their rematch on December 9, 1932, at the same venue. He also dropped a 20-round points decision to Baer on July 4, 1932, at Reno's Dempsey's Bowl, in a grueling affair that solidified Baer's momentum toward a title shot. Levinsky's encounters with rising star in 1935 further illustrated the era's competitive depth, culminating in a first-round technical knockout loss on August 7 at , where overwhelmed him with relentless pressure before 40,000 spectators, dropping him four times in just 2:21. Earlier, on February 18, 1932, Levinsky participated in a 4-round exhibition bout against retired legend at , ending without an official decision but with ringside reporters largely favoring Levinsky's performance in the spirited sparring session attended by 20,000. These high-stakes clashes, blending triumphs and defeats, cemented Levinsky's reputation as a resilient in boxing's .

Later career and retirement

Following his peak years in the early 1930s, Levinsky experienced a notable decline in his standing within the heavyweight division after 1934, dropping out of The Ring magazine's top 10 rankings for the first time since 1931. This shift was exacerbated by key losses to emerging talents, such as his first-round knockout defeat to in 1935, which signaled fewer opportunities against elite contenders. From 1936 to 1939, Levinsky continued to compete primarily against mid-tier heavyweights, compiling a mixed but increasingly unsuccessful record in regional bouts across the . Representative examples include a fourth-round knockout win over Alfred Rogers in Oakland on January 27, 1936, and a draw with Lee Ramage in in April 1936, but these were interspersed with setbacks like losses to Phil Brubaker in February 1936 and Marty Gallagher in September 1936. By 1937 and 1938, his activity diminished, with defeats to former champion in January 1937 and Jack Doyle in April 1937 abroad in , followed by a loss to Johnny Paychek in Des Moines in July 1938. His final year, 1939, saw three consecutive losses to lesser-known opponents—Babe Ritchie in May, Jay D. Turner in June, and Frankie Edgren in July—marking four straight defeats overall and seven losses in his last eight fights. Levinsky retired from boxing in 1939 at the age of 29, prompted by his accumulating losses totaling 35 over his , which led the boxing commission to deny renewal of his license. With marquee bouts scarce amid the rise of new stars, financial pressures from inconsistent earnings further contributed to his decision to exit the sport and pursue other ventures, including a transition to . His final professional stood at 74 wins (40 by ), 35 losses, and 7 draws across 116 bouts, without a single world title challenge.

Public persona and marketability

Nickname origins and fighting style

Levinsky, born Harris Krakow, adopted the ring name King Levinsky and the nickname "Kingfish" derived directly from his family's longstanding fish-peddling business on Chicago's bustling Maxwell Street market in the city's Jewish ghetto. This moniker, evoking images of his early days hauling barrels of herring and halibut, became synonymous with his colorful, larger-than-life persona in the heavyweight ranks during the 1930s. In the ring, Levinsky embodied an unorthodox brawling style that prioritized and endurance over technical finesse, relying on wild, looping swings and powerful rights honed from his days swinging heavy fish crates rather than formal training. He never mastered the subtleties of , instead charging forward with relentless aggression that often turned bouts into chaotic spectacles, absorbing heavy punishment while dishing out his own in a durable, crowd-thrilling manner. This approach frequently included theatrical taunts and exaggerated reactions to blows, transforming fights into entertaining farces that captivated audiences seeking excitement over elegance. Levinsky's persona as a Jewish amplified his appeal, particularly amid rising anti-Semitism in , where he infused his aggressive style with humor and bravado to engage fans. This blend of humor, resilience, and unpolished brawling made him a reliable gate attraction, drawing crowds for his ability to deliver thrilling, unpredictable action that contrasted sharply with the more disciplined styles of contemporaries like .

Management, earnings, and popularity

Levinsky's management transitioned to his sister, Lena "Leapin' Lena" , in 1931 following a dispute with his previous handler, Al Miller, over inadequate payouts from a 1930 bout. , one of the earliest women officially recognized by Athletic as a manager, oversaw all promotions, negotiations, opponent selections, and even daily operations, including meal preparation for her brother. Her energetic and outspoken presence in Levinsky's corner became a hallmark of his fights, often drawing as much attention as the bouts themselves. Financially, Levinsky's peak earning period came during 1931-1932, when his fights generated substantial gate receipts, positioning him among the highest-drawing non-title heavyweights of the era. This commercial success stemmed from Levy's shrewd deal-making, which secured lucrative percentages of the gate for Levinsky despite his non-champion status, exemplified by record-setting crowds for exhibitions like his 1932 matchup with . Levy's negotiations were key, as seen in her rejection of a proposed bout with former champion due to disagreements over gate splits, underscoring Levinsky's draw in . Overall, these efforts made Levinsky one of the better-paid non-champions during the . Levinsky enjoyed immense popularity as a Chicago native and underdog symbol, particularly among Jewish communities on , where his family ran a fish market. Dubbed the "Jewish pride of Chicago" by the press, he consistently sold out Midwest venues, fueled by media portrayals of his resilient, crowd-pleasing style that emphasized endurance over polish. Nationally, his appeal as a durable gate attraction helped maintain heavyweight division excitement in the gap between Max Baer's 1933-1934 title reign and Joe Louis's emergence, with bouts against elite opponents like and keeping fans engaged through the mid-1930s.

Personal life

Relationships and marriage

Levinsky's most publicized romantic relationship was his whirlwind marriage to burlesque fan dancer Roxana Sand, born Rose Glickman, on August 14, 1934, in . The ceremony, conducted by a , was attended by Levinsky's sister and manager, Lena Levy, highlighting the close familial ties that extended from his professional to personal life. Sand, known for her performances at the 1933 World's Fair, brought a flair of showmanship to the union, which quickly captured tabloid interest due to the unlikely pairing of a rising heavyweight boxer and a prominent exotic dancer. The marriage dissolved rapidly, with Sand filing for six weeks later in September 1934 on grounds of cruelty and . Court records and contemporary reports described the split as acrimonious, fueled by the high-pressure worlds of and , and it became a in the press, with headlines emphasizing the brevity and drama of the affair. Levinsky offered no public rebuttal, and the episode underscored the transient nature of his personal commitments amid his demanding fight schedule. Beyond this brief union, scant details exist about Levinsky's other romantic involvements, with no documented long-term partnerships or children during his boxing career. His peripatetic , marked by constant travel for bouts in cities like , , and , likely hindered deeper personal connections, leaving his support network centered on such as his sister .

Jewish heritage and identity

King Levinsky, born Harris Krakow on September 10, 1910, in , , descended from Eastern European Jewish immigrants, with his family name originating from the Polish city of . He grew up in Chicago's , the epicenter of the city's historic Jewish ghetto, where they sustained themselves through a fish-selling business emblematic of many Jewish immigrant enterprises. This environment fostered Levinsky's immersion in Jewish cultural life from a young age, though no specific records indicate formal religious practices. In the 1930s, Levinsky emerged as one of the era's prominent Jewish heavyweights, embodying the resilience of Jewish athletes amid pervasive . He grew up in a period when ethnic gangs frequently targeted Jewish neighborhoods in , compelling many young to develop skills that later translated to the ring. Despite these adversities, Levinsky received robust backing from Jewish communities in , where he was idolized as a hero by Maxwell Street residents who viewed his success as a pathway for poor, uneducated to assert their destiny through physical prowess; fans from these circles often placed heavy bets on his bouts. Levinsky's public embrace of his heritage was evident in his choice of ring name, "King Levinsky," deliberately retained to honor his —inspired by the earlier champion . He competed frequently in Jewish enclaves, such as Chicago's West Side at venues like the , drawing enthusiastic local support. The press, including the Daily Jewish Forward, portrayed him as a key Jewish sports figure, lauding victories like his 1933 upset over as symbolic "hopes" for the community, thereby reinforcing his role in representing Jewish pride during a time of ethnic tension.

Life after boxing

Wrestling pursuits

Levinsky transitioned to in 1935 while still competing in , participating in mixed matches that combined fisticuffs with holds. A prominent example was his no-holds-barred bout against professional wrestler Ray Steele on November 19, 1935, at the Coliseum. The event, billed as a clash between leaders of opposing ring styles with no restrictions on punches or holds, attracted significant attention as one of the earliest high-profile crossover contests. In the match, Levinsky, using his boxing expertise, landed an opening punch that cut Steele above the eye, but the wrestler absorbed the blow, closed in, took Levinsky down, and pinned his shoulders to the mat for a victory in 25 seconds. The bout drew 11,262 spectators, underscoring Levinsky's marketability and the public's fascination with the hybrid format. Levinsky adapted his fighting style by incorporating es into wrestling engagements, which enhanced the entertainment value and helped sustain his athletic presence beyond pure . These pursuits provided Levinsky with supplemental income during a period of declining boxing opportunities and offered a comparatively lower physical toll than his later ring fights. He continued wrestling under the name Kingfish Levinsky in the United States and until 1946.

Military service and final years

Following the Japanese , Levinsky enlisted in the United States Army and served during from 1941 to 1945. His service was in a non-combat capacity, consistent with the roles often assigned to former athletes of his prominence to support troop morale, though specific assignments remain undocumented in available records. After his discharge, Levinsky settled in , where he took up work as a tie salesman, peddling custom neckties from a suitcase in nightclubs and on the street—a trade he had pursued sporadically even before the war. This occupation marked a shift to a modest, itinerant lifestyle far removed from his earlier fame in the ring. In his later years, Levinsky lived quietly in Miami Beach with no notable public achievements or comebacks in sports after 1946, gradually fading into obscurity. He died on September 30, 1991, at the age of 81 in , and was buried at Waldheim Cemetery in . Today, he is recalled primarily as a vibrant, eccentric personality of 1930s rather than as a titleholder or enduring champion.

Boxing record

Official professional record

King Levinsky's official record, as documented by boxing archives, consists of 116 verified bouts fought between 1928 and 1939. He secured 74 wins, including 40 by or technical , suffered 35 losses with 5 by or technical , and had 7 draws. This tally reflects outcomes from official decisions, stoppages, and draws, excluding any unofficial or exhibition matches. In the context of the 1920s and 1930s era, many non-title heavyweight bouts, including several of Levinsky's, relied on newspaper decisions rendered by journalists when no official verdict was issued by ringside authorities due to prevailing no-decision rules in certain jurisdictions. These newspaper outcomes contributed to the determination of wins and losses in his record where applicable, emphasizing the informal yet influential scoring practices of the time. Levinsky competed exclusively in the heavyweight division throughout his career, starting from his professional debut in 1928. He never captured a world title but achieved his highest recognition as the #3 ranked heavyweight contender by The Ring magazine in 1933.

Unofficial bouts and exhibitions

One of the most prominent unofficial bouts in King Levinsky's career was his four-round exhibition against former world heavyweight champion on February 18, 1932, at . This promotional event, part of Dempsey's tour to gauge interest in a potential comeback, attracted an overflow crowd of 23,320 spectators and generated substantial media attention. Although no official decision was issued due to the exhibition format, newspaper reporters across major outlets, including the , unanimously awarded the win to Levinsky, who outworked and outpunched the aging Dempsey with aggressive combinations throughout the rounds. In addition to such high-profile exhibitions, Levinsky took part in several no-decision bouts during the late and , particularly from 1928 to 1939, where outcomes were determined informally by newspaper verdicts rather than official rulings. These fights, common in jurisdictions prohibiting decisions for non-title contests, included a five-round loss to Al Stillman on February 18, 1930, at the Arena in , as reported by the . Other examples encompassed bouts against opponents like Joe Sekyra in October 1932 in , where press accounts varied but highlighted Levinsky's competitive showings. Levinsky also engaged in mixed promotional matches outside standard sanctioned boxing, including early crossovers that blended elements of wrestling and for entertainment purposes, further extending his public profile. These unofficial engagements served to build hype and maintain his popularity among fans without contributing to his official win-loss statistics. They underscored Levinsky's versatility and endurance, enhancing his reputation as a durable gate attraction in the heavyweight division during the era, though they carried no bearing on professional standings or titles.

References

  1. [1]
    Chicago's own boxing legend King Levinsky - Chicago Tribune
    Dec 19, 2022 · Boxer King Levinsky, circa 1932. Levinsky, real name Harris Krakow, was part of the Krakow fish selling family of Maxwell Street.Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
  2. [2]
    Next - Jews In Sports
    Levinsky, King (aka Kingfish Levinsky) Harris Krakow Levinsky fought as a heavyweight from 1928-1939, taking on many outstanding fighters during his career, ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
  3. [3]
    King Levinsky - BoxRec
    King Levinsky ; birth name, Harris Krakow ; sex, male ; alias, Kingfish Levinsky ; nationality, USA ; height, 5′ 11″ / 180cm.Missing: heavyweight | Show results with:heavyweight
  4. [4]
    King Levinsky - BoxRec
    May 26, 2025 · Name: King Levinsky ; Alias: Kingfish Levinsky ; Birth Name: Harris Krakow ; Hometown: Chicago, Illinois, USA ; Birthplace: New York, New York, USA
  5. [5]
    Depression-era boxing legend Kingfish Levinsky scored knockouts ...
    Dec 18, 2022 · His real name was Harris Krakow. He was winning fights, but Lena suspected he wasn't being justly rewarded. Boxing is replete with tales of ...Missing: date | Show results with:date
  6. [6]
    Kingfish Has Color if Nothing else - Jewish Telegraphic Agency
    Kingfish was born plain Eddie Krakow some twenty-five years ago on the East Side. Coming from an old family of fish peddlers, his folks thought it would be more ...Missing: Harris parents Maxwell immigrant
  7. [7]
    A Trailblazer Female Boxing Manager of her pro brother King Levinsky
    Born into a family with a strong appreciation for sports, Lena Levy developed a passion for boxing early on. As the sister of King Levinsky, stepped into the ...
  8. [8]
    [PDF] Boxers - The Chicago Jewish Historical Society
    Chicago's first great Jewish prizefighter was. Harry Harris, who goes back long before the big immigration waves of the 1880s and 1890s that were to produce so ...Missing: siblings | Show results with:siblings
  9. [9]
    The Ring Magazine's Annual Ratings: Heavyweight--1930s - BoxRec
    ### King Levinsky Heavyweight Rankings (1931–1934)
  10. [10]
    LEVINSKY DEFEATS LOUGHRAN EASILY; Floors Veteran Three ...
    Held a favorite to win at odds of 4 to 1 before the battle started, Loughran went down to defeat and was almost knocked out simply because he could not combat ...Missing: 1930 1933
  11. [11]
    7,500 SEE LOUGHRAN OUTPOST LEVINSKY; The Former Light ...
    More than 7,500 cheered the verdict of Judges Al Voice and Herman Weingrad and Referee Spud Murphy. This was the third meeting of the boxers. Loughran has the ...
  12. [12]
    LEVINSKY DEFEATS SHARKEY ON POINTS - The New York Times
    LEVINSKY DEFEATS SHARKEY ON POINTS; Almost Stops Ex-Champion, Who Is Floored for Count of 7 in First Round. 20,000 SEE THE BATTLE Loser Takes Only One of the ...
  13. [13]
  14. [14]
    CARNERA DEFEATS LEVINSKY ON POINTS; Italian Giant's ...
    CARNERA DEFEATS LEVINSKY ON POINTS; Italian Giant's Advantage in Height, Weight and Reach Too Much for Chicagoan. 13,500 SEE THE BATTLE Victor Is Nearly Floored ...
  15. [15]
    BAER IS WINNER; DEFEATS LEVINSKY; California Heavyweight ...
    BAER IS WINNER; DEFEATS LEVINSKY; California Heavyweight Gets Decision in Battle of 20 Rounds at Reno. SCORES WITH BODY ATTACK Triumph Is His Second Over ...
  16. [16]
    A Look Back: King Levinsky - | The Jewish Boxing Blog
    Jun 20, 2011 · King Levinsky, sometimes referred to as Kingfish Levinsky, fought some of the best heavyweights of the 1930s. He usually didn't win, but he fought them.
  17. [17]
    A MOMENT IN A LIFE - The New York Times
    King Levinsky, or Kingfish - he was bestowed the nickname because his family were fish-peddlers in the Maxwell Street ghetto in Chicago - was a large, lively, ...Missing: origin | Show results with:origin
  18. [18]
    Burning Down The House: A Brief History Of Boxing's Most Infamous ...
    Jan 29, 2024 · Kingfish Levinsky – so called because of his origins as a herring huckster in Chicago's West Side – was a well-seasoned top ten heavyweight ...
  19. [19]
    My Son the Slugger: Sport and the American Jew - jstor
    Demanding a bout with. German heavyweight Max Schmeling, Kingfish Levinsky declared, "I'll take on Hitler the same night after I've brushed Schmeling out of ...
  20. [20]
    Joe Louis got married, then KO'd Max Baer in front of Babe Ruth
    Aug 4, 2017 · He would be the gate attraction and play first when his schedule permitted. ... 7 at Comiskey Park, he faced King Levinsky, a journeyman ...
  21. [21]
  22. [22]
    SCORECARD - Sports Illustrated Vault | SI.com
    ... King Levinsky, a heavyweight boxer of the '30s, who has been heard to say many a time that he made $250,000 in the ring and was robbed of it by his managers ...Missing: earnings | Show results with:earnings
  23. [23]
  24. [24]
  25. [25]
    Toney far from first MMA crossover - Yahoo Sports
    Aug 23, 2010 · A crowd of 11,262 fans saw King Levinsky, a colorful heavyweight boxer who was touted as the biggest-drawing boxer in the world a few years ...
  26. [26]
    [PDF] Happy King Levinsky Day - Boxing.com - Flicklives
    Apr 24, 2018 · “King Levinsky was a gladiator of the first order until he ran into ... “Levinsky is doing all right,” reported former co-manager Harold Steinman ...Missing: career | Show results with:career
  27. [27]
    The Ring Magazine's Annual Ratings: 1933 - BoxRec
    ### Heavyweight Rankings for 1933 (The Ring Magazine)
  28. [28]
  29. [29]