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Magic

Look up magic or magick in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Magic is a multifaceted term with meanings spanning supernatural and occult practices, stage illusions, popular culture, organizations, technology, and more. For detailed senses, see the sections below.

Principal concepts

Supernatural and occult practices

Magic, in the context of supernatural and occult practices, refers to the employment of rituals, symbols, incantations, spells, curses, or manipulated objects to exert influence over natural or supernatural events, often with instrumental ends such as protection, harm, or divination. This understanding distinguishes magic from normative religious worship by emphasizing manipulative techniques aimed at achieving specific outcomes through perceived supernatural agencies. The historical origins of such practices trace back to ancient civilizations, where magic intertwined with daily life and cosmology. In , magic (known as heka) was a fundamental force harnessed through spells, amulets, and rituals to maintain cosmic order, protect against evil, and ensure fertility, as evidenced in texts like the and from onward. Similarly, in , magic encompassed a broad spectrum of activities, including curse tablets (defixiones), love spells, and protective charms, often blending with mystery cults and philosophy; practitioners invoked deities like for malevolent or benevolent effects, as seen in the Greek Magical Papyri from the . During medieval , traditions evolved amid Christian dominance, with emerging as a proto-scientific pursuit to transmute base metals into gold and achieve spiritual enlightenment, influenced by Arabic texts translated in the 12th century; meanwhile, involved folk practices like herbalism and incantations, increasingly persecuted as demonic by the , culminating in trials that viewed witches as agents of . Key anthropological concepts framing these practices include , where like produces like (e.g., harming an to injure a person), and contagious magic, where objects once in contact retain a connection (e.g., using hair or nails in spells). These principles, articulated by James Frazer in (1890), underscore magic's reliance on perceived associations rather than empirical , distinguishing it from religion's propitiatory appeals to deities for favor. Frazer's comparative analysis highlighted magic's universality across cultures as a pseudoscientific precursor to religious evolution. In modern interpretations, occult practices revived these ancient traditions through organized societies and revived paganisms. The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, founded in 1888 in Britain, synthesized Egyptian, Greek, and Kabbalistic elements into , emphasizing invocation, tarot, and astral projection for spiritual ascent; its influence persists in esoteric orders today. , emerging in the 1940s under in the UK, represents a contemporary neopagan synthesis of folk , seasonal rites, and , viewing magic as ethical energy manipulation aligned with the ("An it harm none, do what ye will"). Neopaganism broadly encompasses these revivals, promoting polytheistic rituals and environmental harmony as antidotes to modernity's . Cultural examples illustrate magic's diversity. Haitian Vodou, a syncretic religion born from enslaved Africans' resistance in the 18th century, employs veves (symbols), drumming, and by (deities) to heal, curse, or divine, blending West African Yoruba traditions with Catholicism. In indigenous Siberian traditions, —originating among —involves shamans entering trances via drumming or chants to mediate with spirits for healing, weather control, or soul retrieval, preserving animistic worldviews amid environmental challenges. These practices contrast with stage illusions, which simulate effects through sleight-of-hand for entertainment rather than belief in inherent powers.

Illusion and stage performance

Stage magic, also known as illusion or parlor magic, emerged as a formalized performing art from ancient street performances where entertainers used and simple props to captivate crowds in public spaces. The earliest recorded instance dates to around 2700 B.C., when the magician performed a trick involving the decapitation and restoration of the heads of a and an before , blending entertainment with ritualistic elements. In and , street conjurers and performers in markets and plazas further developed these acts, incorporating , , and rudimentary illusions to engage passersby. By the 19th century, stage magic evolved into a sophisticated theatrical spectacle, largely through the innovations of French magician (1805–1871), a former who elevated the craft from fairground sideshows to elegant entertainment in . Robert-Houdin pioneered mechanical automatons and refined illusions that emphasized artistry over vulgarity, establishing the modern magician's image as a cultured performer. This transformation continued with American escapologist (1874–1926), who adopted his in homage to Robert-Houdin and popularized daring escape acts that combined physical prowess with theatrical flair, drawing massive audiences during the early . At the heart of stage magic are core techniques that rely on psychological and mechanical principles to deceive the eye and mind. Misdirection, the cornerstone of illusion, involves diverting the audience's attention away from the method through verbal cues, gestures, or props, allowing the performer to execute secret actions unnoticed. Forcing is another essential method, particularly in or object manipulations, where the subtly guides a spectator's choice to a predetermined outcome without detection. Mechanical devices enhance these skills; trapdoors enable sudden appearances or vanishes, while mirrors create false perspectives, such as making objects appear to float or multiply, simulating impossible feats through optical dissimulation. These techniques demand precise timing and practice, transforming everyday actions into moments of apparent impossibility. Iconic illusions have defined stage magic's allure, captivating audiences with spectacles of the extraordinary. Levitation, where a person or object appears to defy gravity, often employs hidden supports or wires, as seen in performances that suspend assistants mid-air against a darkened backdrop. The sawing a person in half trick, first introduced by British magician P.T. Selbit in 1921, involves an assistant entering a box that is bisected by a saw, only to emerge unharmed, typically using divided compartments and flexible positioning. Escape acts, epitomized by Houdini's straitjacket and underwater challenges, test the performer's agility and preparation, often incorporating locks, restraints, and rapid substitutions to simulate peril and triumph. Professional organizations have played a vital role in preserving and advancing stage magic as an ethical art form. The , established on May 10, 1902, in , stands as the oldest magical society, promoting unity among performers through conventions, education, and a that prohibits revealing secrets to non-magicians. The , incorporated in 1926 after originating as a 1922 correspondence group, serves as the world's largest magician fraternity with over 300 local chapters, fostering global exchange via its journal The Linking Ring and annual conventions. In contemporary stage magic, innovations have expanded the genre's intimacy and spectacle. , performed at arm's length with cards, coins, or rings, emphasizes personal interaction and , allowing for impromptu shows in social settings. , a subset focusing on apparent or , builds on psychological forcing and suggestion to create psychic-like effects without claims. Integration with technology, such as lasers for light manipulation or digital projections for augmented illusions, has modernized grand stages, enabling dynamic visuals like holographic appearances or interactive effects that blend tradition with high-tech precision.

Popular culture and media

Film and television

Film and television have extensively explored themes of magic, often incorporating the word "magic" into titles or centering narratives around supernatural forces, illusionists, or enchanted worlds. These portrayals range from adaptations of classical operas to modern fantasy epics and educational animations, blending entertainment with elements of wonder and escapism. One notable film is Ingmar Bergman's 1975 adaptation of Mozart's opera The Magic Flute, which captures the story of Prince Tamino's quest through a fantastical realm filled with trials and enchantment, filmed live during a performance at the Royal Swedish Opera. The 1998 film Practical Magic, directed by Griffin Dunne, follows two sisters descended from witches who must harness their inherited powers to combat a malevolent spirit, emphasizing familial bonds and the perils of forbidden love. In contrast, the 2013 heist thriller Now You See Me, directed by Louis Leterrier, features a group of illusionists known as the Four Horsemen who use stage magic for elaborate bank robberies and public spectacles, outwitting law enforcement while promoting a message of wealth redistribution. This film spawned a sequel in 2016, continuing the theme of deceptive performances as tools for high-stakes deception. Television series have similarly embraced magic in their titles and premises. Magic City (2012–2013), a drama created by , is set in 1959 and revolves around a owner navigating mob ties and the glamorous underbelly of the city's nightlife, evoking the "magic" of post-revolutionary allure. The NBC series The Magician (1973–1974), starring as illusionist Anthony Blake, depicts a professional escape artist who employs his skills to solve crimes and aid those in distress, blending real-world prestidigitation with detective work. For younger audiences, the animated educational series (1994–1997), produced by Scholastic, follows teacher Ms. Frizzle and her class on transformative field trips inside the or ecosystems, using the bus's magical properties to teach concepts. A key distinction in these depictions lies between supernatural magic, as seen in the Harry Potter film franchise (2001–2011), where young wizard Harry navigates a hidden world of spells, potions, and mythical creatures to battle evil, and stage magic heists like those in Now You See Me, which highlight sleight-of-hand and misdirection without otherworldly elements. The Harry Potter films, adapted from J.K. Rowling's novels, popularized wizardry as an innate supernatural ability governed by wands and incantations. Magical themes have also driven visual innovation, exemplified by Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings trilogy (2001–2003), which earned Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects for each installment—The Fellowship of the Ring (2002), The Two Towers (2003), and The Return of the King (2004)—showcasing groundbreaking CGI and practical effects to bring Middle-earth's sorcery, from elven realms to dark enchantments, to life. These achievements not only advanced filmmaking techniques but also amplified the cultural impact of magical narratives on screen.

Literature and books

Magic has been a central theme in literature across various genres, exploring supernatural forces, human imagination, and cultural beliefs through narrative prose. From fantastical adventures to anthropological inquiries, books on magic often blend the extraordinary with everyday life, influencing readers' perceptions of reality and the mystical. These works range from children's tales that introduce wonder to adult fiction and non-fiction that delve into philosophical and societal dimensions of magical practices. In the fantasy genre, magic serves as a foundational element, powering worlds where characters wield spells, encounter enchanted beings, and navigate moral dilemmas tied to supernatural powers. Enid Blyton's The Magic Faraway Tree (1943), the second book in the Faraway Tree series, follows siblings , Bessie, and as they climb an enormous tree inhabited by magical creatures like Moon-Face and Silky the fairy, leading to ever-changing enchanted lands that embody whimsical and the boundless possibilities of childhood . Mercedes Lackey's Magic's Pawn (1989), the inaugural in the Valdemar series, introduces Vanyel, a young noble whose latent magical abilities—manifesting as empathic and heraldic gifts—thrust him into a realm where magic is both a personal burden and a societal tool for protection against dark forces, highlighting themes of identity and redemption in a structured magical . These works exemplify how uses magic to construct alternate realities that mirror real-world struggles, with Blyton's accessible fantasies contrasting Lackey's more intricate of innate magical talents. Non-fiction literature on magic often adopts an anthropological or sociological lens, dissecting its role in human culture, rituals, and belief systems. James Frazer's The Golden Bough (1890), first published in two volumes, stands as a pioneering comparative study of mythology, religion, and magic, tracing patterns such as sympathetic magic and the dying-god archetype across global folklore—from ancient Roman rites to indigenous Australian practices—arguing that magic represents an early stage in human intellectual evolution before religion and science. Similarly, Margot Adler's Drawing Down the Moon (1979) provides an ethnographic overview of contemporary paganism in America, interviewing practitioners of Wicca, Druidism, and other neopagan traditions to illustrate how modern magic integrates ancient rituals with personal spirituality, emphasizing communal ceremonies like spellcasting and goddess worship as forms of empowerment and environmental harmony. Frazer's evolutionary framework influenced early 20th-century anthropology, while Adler's work captured the resurgence of magical practices amid the 1970s counterculture, bridging historical analysis with lived experiences. Children's literature frequently employs magic to impart moral lessons through playful yet transformative narratives. Roald Dahl's (1966) centers on an eight-year-old girl whose magical ability activates when she points her finger in , swapping bodies with a hunting family to force them to experience the terror of being prey, thereby promoting anti-violence themes and in a concise, illustrated tale that blends humor with ethical instruction. This exemplifies Dahl's signature style of subversive whimsy, where magic acts as a catalyst for personal growth and accessible to young readers. A prominent literary theme involving magic is , where supernatural elements coexist seamlessly with the ordinary, challenging conventional boundaries between fact and fantasy. Gabriel García Márquez's (1967), the cornerstone of , chronicles the Buendía family's multi-generational saga in the fictional town of , incorporating magical occurrences—like raining flowers after a or a child born with a pig's tail—woven into historical events such as civil wars and colonial exploitation, to evoke the cyclical nature of Latin American history and identity. This technique, which García Márquez drew from and , elevates everyday absurdities to mythic proportions, influencing global authors by demonstrating magic's power to reveal deeper truths about , fate, and cultural .

Music and recordings

Music and recordings featuring titles or themes centered on "magic" span various genres, including , and , often evoking , , or elements through and . These works have contributed to the cultural of magic in , with notable examples from the onward influencing subsequent artists. A prominent titled Magic is Bruce Springsteen's 2007 Magic, produced by Brendan O'Brien, which blends with introspective themes of and loss, debuting at No. 1 on the and earning Grammy nominations for tracks like "." For The , the 2017 remastered edition of their 1984 Heartbeat City highlights the synth-rock single "Magic," which peaked at No. 12 on the [Billboard Hot 100](/page/Billboard_Hot 100), though no standalone Magic exists from that year. Iconic songs titled or themed around "magic" include The Lovin' Spoonful's "Do You Believe in Magic" from their 1965 debut album of the same name, a folk-rock anthem written by John Sebastian that celebrates music's transformative power and reached No. 9 on the Billboard Hot 100. Pilot's "Magic," a bubbly pop-rock track from their 1974 debut album From the Album of the Same Name (also known simply as Pilot), reached No. 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 and exemplifies the era's lighthearted, harmonious sound. Olivia Newton-John's "Magic," released in 1980 on the Xanadu soundtrack, is a disco-infused pop track that topped the Billboard Hot 100, blending romantic and mystical lyrics. Santana's "Black Magic Woman," a 1970 cover of Peter Green's 1968 Fleetwood Mac song from the album Abraxas, fuses Latin rock with blues, peaking at No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 and showcasing Carlos Santana's guitar prowess in evoking seductive, otherworldly allure. Performers adopting "Magic" in their branding include the Canadian reggae fusion band Magic!, formed in 2012 by Nasri Atweh, whose 2013 debut single "Rude" from Don't Kill the Magic topped charts worldwide, incorporating upbeat rhythms with subtle thematic nods to relational "spells." A brief overlap exists with stage magicians venturing into music recording, such as DJ/producer The Magician (Stephen Fasano), whose 2011 house remix "I Follow Rivers" exemplifies electronic tracks with illusory, dance-floor enchantment. Pop and rock dominate magic-themed recordings, but electronic genres have embraced the motif through synth-driven tracks like those by The Magician, emphasizing ethereal atmospheres over literal sorcery. Some such songs briefly reference film soundtracks for added narrative depth.

Organizations and entities

Sports teams and leagues

The is a professional basketball franchise competing in the (NBA) as part of the league's Eastern Conference Southeast Division. Founded in 1989 as an , the Magic began play in the 1989–90 season and quickly established itself as a competitive force in the league. The team selected center with the first overall pick in the , marking the start of a transformative era; O'Neal played for Orlando from 1992 to 1996, earning NBA Rookie of the Year honors in 1993 and leading the Magic to their first appearance in 1995, where they were defeated by the . The Magic have made 20 playoff appearances since their inception, including four conference finals berths, with notable success in the and 2000s driven by stars like O'Neal, , and later . A key aspect of the franchise's competitive history includes its intrastate rivalry with the , often dubbed the Showdown, which intensified in the 1990s and has featured intense regular-season and playoff matchups, such as the 1997 Eastern Conference semifinals. The team's involvement in the has fostered a culture of resilience among supporters, highlighted by loyal attendance even during rebuilding periods; studies rank Magic fans among the NBA's most steadfast, with consistent turnout correlating strongly with team performance over decades. The franchise's home venue, the Amway Center (renamed in 2023), opened in October 2010 as a state-of-the-art multipurpose arena with a capacity of approximately 18,846 for , serving as the hub for games and contributing to vibrant fan experiences through events and . Beyond the NBA, the Orlando operate an affiliate in the , the Lakeland Magic, established in 2017 as a relocation of the former Erie BayHawks to provide developmental opportunities for players and staff. The Lakeland Magic played home games at the until 2023, when the team relocated to Heritage Park in , rebranded as the , and began playing at ; it maintains its role in nurturing talent for the parent club, including winning the 2021 G League championship during its Lakeland tenure. Internationally, Magic United FC represents another professional sports entity bearing the name, a semi-professional soccer club based in , , , competing in the . Founded in 2006, the club focuses on community development and competitive play in regional leagues, offering pathways for youth and senior athletes.

Businesses and other groups

is an augmented reality technology company founded in 2010 by Rony Abovitz in ; since 2023, it has been majority-owned by Saudi Arabia's , with additional investments and partnerships, including a collaboration extended in October 2025. The company gained prominence for developing the Magic Leap One, a mixed-reality headset released in August 2018, which integrates digital content into the physical world and was initially targeted at developers and creators. Magic Johnson Enterprises, established by basketball legend Earvin "Magic" Johnson following his NBA retirement, encompasses a portfolio of business investments launched in the 1990s; in November 2025, Alexia Grevious Henderson was promoted to president. A key venture includes a 50/50 joint partnership with formed in 1998 to open over 100 coffee shops in underserved urban neighborhoods, particularly those with majority Black populations, helping to introduce the brand to new demographics. The Magic Circle is a prominent nonprofit society for magicians based in , , founded in 1905 by 23 amateur and professional performers at Pinoli's Restaurant in to promote and advance the art of magic. Membership requires demonstrating through , and the organization maintains a code of ethics emphasizing and respect for the craft, with honorary members including notable figures in . The Foundation, a established by Earvin " in November 1991 shortly after his diagnosis, focuses on education, prevention, and support programs, particularly in underserved communities. It has evolved to fund community-based initiatives addressing health disparities, economic empowerment, and youth development while maintaining its core mission of combating HIV stigma and providing resources. The was a chain of creperies that popularized savory and sweet crepes in the United States, originating in 1965 when immigrants Laszlo and Paulette Fono opened the first location in San Francisco's using a patented motorized crepe-making device. The business expanded rapidly during the crepe craze, reaching over 30 locations nationwide by the 1980s under corporate ownership including Quaker Oats, but filed for bankruptcy and closed all outlets between 1989 and 1991 amid shifting dining trends.

Broadcasting and communications

Radio stations in North America

In , several radio stations have adopted the "Magic" branding, often associated with adult contemporary () or oldies formats targeting mature audiences with a mix of from the 1960s through the . These stations emerged prominently in the late , peaking in listenership during the and early as part of broader trends in and nostalgic programming, before some underwent format shifts in the and due to market competition and ownership changes. Ownership is typically held by major media conglomerates like in and iHeartMedia or regional groups in the United States, emphasizing reliable, feel-good music rotations over high-energy contemporary hits. In , CIMJ-FM, broadcasting as Magic 106.1 from , , serves the Kitchener-Waterloo market with a hot adult contemporary format featuring current and recent hits blended with familiar favorites. The station received its FM license in 1968 through CJOY Limited but signed on in 1984, adopting the Magic branding and AC style under ownership following a 2000 acquisition from Power Broadcasting. It maintains a focus on relatable personalities and music from artists like and , contributing to its role as a local staple for commuters and families. Also in Canada, CJMJ-FM, now known as Move 100.3 (formerly Majic 100.3) in Ottawa, Ontario, delivers an adult contemporary format emphasizing variety from the 1980s onward, including pop and soft rock tracks. Launched on August 13, 1991, by Rawlco Communications, it was acquired by CHUM Limited in 1999 and later became part of Bell Media's portfolio, which introduced HD Radio capabilities in 2016 to enhance audio quality. The station rebranded to Move 100.3 on December 27, 2020, as part of Bell Media's MOVE Radio network. The station's programming prioritizes engaging morning shows and weekend specials, reflecting its evolution within Bell's network of AC outlets. In the United States, KMGC-FM in the Dallas-Fort Worth area operated as Magic 102.9 from 1977 to 1991, offering a "beautiful rock" and light adult contemporary format with mellow selections from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, such as songs by The Eagles and Fleetwood Mac. Originally owned by Shamrock Communications, it was sold to Nationwide Communications in 1990 for $22 million amid a competitive AC market dominated by KVIL, before rebranding away from Magic to align with evolving listener preferences. The station's era highlighted the appeal of soft, non-intrusive music for urban professionals during its peak years. WMGC-FM in Detroit, Michigan, aired as Magic 105.1 from the early 2000s until December 2011, focusing on adult contemporary and to capture nostalgic audiences in a market shifting toward urban formats. Owned by Greater Media at the time, it featured hits from artists like and , but dropped the Magic identity for "Soft Rock 105.1" to refresh its playlist amid declining ratings, later transitioning to sports talk in 2013 and rhythmic as "The Bounce" by 2016 under new ownership. This reflects broader post-2010 format experiments among legacy stations.

Radio stations elsewhere

In the , Magic Radio operates as a national adult contemporary network owned by , providing upbeat music from the to the present day. Originally launched in as Melody Radio on 9 1990, it rebranded to Magic 105.4 FM in 1998 and expanded into a broader network before a major relaunch on 5 January 2015, when it became available nationwide via digital radio, dissolving regional AM stations to consolidate under a unified brand. On March 31, 2025, Magic Radio switched to across the UK for stereo audio. In October 2025, it unveiled a new audio identity created by TM Studios. The station primarily targets listeners aged 35 and older, with a core demographic of women between 35 and 55 seeking optimistic, feel-good content amid busy lifestyles. Post-2020, Magic Radio has emphasized digital platforms, including app-based streaming and online listening, to adapt to evolving consumption habits and maintain reach among its audience. In , 1278 in originates from the 1935 launch of station 3XY, which evolved into a format under the Magic branding starting in 1992 and shifted to the 1278 AM frequency in 2006 after swapping with . The station delivers nostalgic programming tailored to local tastes, focusing on pop and rock from the mid-20th century onward. Other examples include in , established in 2004 as an adult contemporary outlet blending old-school tracks with modern hits for a relaxed island audience. Defunct stations, such as in (launched 17 July 1990 as an oldies service), operated until 2015 when it rebranded to Radio Aire 2 amid network consolidations. Internationally, Magic-branded stations outside often cater to 35+ demographics with easy-listening formats, mirroring North American counterparts but incorporating regional music preferences like or Australian classics.

Technology and science

Computing and software

In , "magic" often refers to specific identifiers or features embedded in software for recognition, debugging, or functionality. One prominent example is Magic: The Gathering Online (MTGO), a digital adaptation of the popular game launched by in June 2002 and now published by Daybreak Games since 2022. This platform allows players to collect virtual cards, build decks, and participate in online tournaments mirroring the physical game's mechanics, supporting formats from the original set onward. MTGO has evolved to include automated , prize systems, and integration with new card releases, serving as a key digital extension for the game's community. Magic numbers in programming are fixed, non-obvious numeric values used to identify file formats or data structures, enabling software to detect and process them correctly. A classic instance is the (ELF) used in systems, where the first four bytes of an ELF file—0x7F followed by the ASCII characters 'E', 'L', 'F'—serve as the magic number to confirm the file's identity as an ELF object. This convention, defined in the ELF specification, ensures reliable file handling across tools like linkers and loaders without relying on file extensions. In operating system development, the provides a low-level for intervention during system hangs or scenarios. Implemented in the since the mid-1990s, it allows users to issue commands via key combinations like + SysRq followed by a letter (e.g., 'R' to reset keyboard state or 'S' to safely sync disks), even when the system is unresponsive. This feature, documented in the kernel's administration guide, is enabled by default but configurable for security, aiding administrators in recovery without rebooting. Productivity applications bearing the name "Magic" leverage automation and AI for task management. Magic, launched in 2015 by Magic, Inc., is a virtual assistant service that uses AI tools to handle on-demand tasks such as scheduling, research, and administrative support, integrating with user workflows via messaging. Similarly, Apple's Magic Keyboard line, first announced on March 18, 2020, and released in May 2020 for iPad Pro models, features a built-in trackpad, backlit keys, and a floating cantilever design for enhanced computing portability; updated versions were released in 2025 for iPad Air (with M3 chip) and iPad Pro (with M5 chip).

Physics and related fields

In , refer to specific counts of protons or neutrons—namely 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, and 126—that result in exceptionally stable atomic nuclei due to the completion of electron-like shells in the . These numbers were first empirically observed through patterns in nuclear binding energies and stabilities, but their theoretical explanation emerged in 1949 when Maria Goeppert-Mayer proposed that nucleons occupy quantized energy levels analogous to electrons in atomic orbitals, with spin-orbit coupling accounting for the observed magic values. Independently, J. Hans D. Jensen and collaborators developed a similar , incorporating strong spin-orbit interactions to predict these closed-shell configurations, which enhance stability by filling subshells completely. This model earned Mayer and Jensen the for foundational contributions to understanding . In chemistry, the term "" denotes a mixture of (HSO₃F) and (SbF₅) in a 1:1 molar ratio, capable of protonating even weak bases like hydrocarbons to generate stable . Discovered in 1963 by George A. Olah and his team at Dow Chemical, this reagent enabled the direct observation and characterization of elusive intermediates, revolutionizing mechanistic by confirming their role in electrophilic reactions. Olah's work with , which demonstrated the isolation of species like the tert-butyl cation at low temperatures, culminated in his 1994 for advancing carbocation chemistry. The acid's extreme strength, quantified by a H₀ of approximately -23, arises from the SbF₅ acting as a powerful Lewis acid to solvate fluoride ions, preventing reversion of protonated species. A more recent application of the "magic" descriptor appears in with the in , where a precise twist of approximately 1.1° between layers flattens the , leading to strongly correlated behavior. This was experimentally demonstrated in 2018 by and colleagues, who observed unconventional with a critical up to 1.7 , alongside a correlated insulating state at neutrality, in devices fabricated by mechanical exfoliation and alignment. The arises from moiré effects that enhance electron-electron interactions, mimicking physics and enabling emergent quantum phases without magnetic fields. These concepts have broader implications in and quantum technologies; for instance, magic-angle graphene systems inspire designer 2D materials with tunable topological properties for potential advances in and quantum simulation platforms. Similarly, the shell model's underpin predictions of exotic nuclei in astrophysical environments, while techniques inform catalyst design for processing. In computing contexts, also serve as predefined constants for data formatting, though their physical origins differ.

Transportation and vehicles

Aviation companies

Magic Carpet Aviation, based at in , , serves as the aviation division of RDV Sports, Inc., the parent company of the NBA's basketball team. Established under the ownership of the DeVos family, it primarily handles charter flights, team transportation, and executive air services for sports-related operations, including support for the hockey team and other RDV entities. The company operates a fleet of business jets and provides logistical support, contributing to the seamless travel needs of professional athletes and staff since at least the late 1980s. Magic Express Airlines, Inc., headquartered in , , has operated as a and management firm since 1994. Specializing in total transportation solutions, it offers rental, maintenance, and customized air services for both private and corporate clients, emphasizing flexibility for pilots and enthusiasts. The company has maintained a focus on regional operations within the southeastern U.S., though it faced legal challenges in 2002 when its owner, Harold Coghlan, pleaded guilty to related to receiving fraudulent military leave payments, resulting in a sentencing that impacted its early reputation but did not halt long-term activities. Magic Air (Gambia) Company Limited, registered in Banjulunding, , emerged in the early 2020s as a entity primarily engaged in leasing rather than regular commercial passenger or cargo flights. Despite holding status, it has not conducted significant operational flights and functions largely as a shell for international leasing transactions, notably facilitating the transfer of three A330-200 to Belarus's in 2025 amid Western sanctions, highlighting its role in global aviation finance. No major safety incidents have been reported for its limited activities.

Maritime operations

Maritime operations involving entities named "Magic" encompass a range of historical and contemporary shipping activities, from early services to modern cruise and container transport. The Steamship Company's SS Magic, launched in 1893, exemplified early 20th-century coastal operations with its triple-expansion engines enabling speeds up to 19 knots on the Liverpool-to- express route across the , reducing travel time to approximately eight hours. During , the vessel served as a from 1914 to 1918 before resuming commercial service, including charters for routes like Liverpool-Fishguard-Cork in the 1920s and occasional cruises to in ; it underwent name changes to Classic (1919–1924), (1924–1947), and Attiki (1947–1951) under successive owners, ultimately wrecking off in October 1951. In the modern era, cruise vessels bearing the name "Magic" dominate passenger maritime operations. The Disney Cruise Line's , entering service in 1998 as the company's inaugural ship, operates year-round itineraries primarily in the and , with sailings from ports like , , including stops at , , and Disney's private destinations such as ; it accommodates up to 2,700 passengers and features family-oriented amenities like themed entertainment and rotational dining. Similarly, Carnival Cruise Line's , launched in 2011, focuses on short to medium-duration voyages from to the and Eastern , such as 4- to 8-day trips visiting , Grand Turk, and Half Moon Cay, carrying over 3,600 guests with onboard facilities including water parks and adult-only retreats. Cargo shipping under the "Magic" moniker includes container vessels like the Singapore-flagged Ever Magic (IMO 9935363), built in 2025 for and capable of transporting up to 15,432 TEU on transpacific and intra-Asian routes, such as from , to , , at speeds around 15-20 knots. Offshore support services are provided by MAG Offshore, whose operations trace roots to 1951 through its predecessor Morska Agencja and expanded in the 2010s via fleet acquisitions, managing a current portfolio of 24 vessels for anchor handling, towing, and logistics in regions like the and . Post-2020 environmental regulations have influenced these operations, particularly through the International Maritime Organization's () global sulfur cap of 0.5% implemented on January 1, 2020, requiring ships like Ever Magic to use low-sulfur fuels or cleaning systems to reduce SOx emissions by up to 77% compared to prior 3.5% limits, thereby mitigating while increasing operational costs by an estimated 20-50% for fuel compliance. Cruise operators such as and have similarly retrofitted vessels with or alternative fuels to meet these standards, enhancing on high-traffic routes without major disruptions to schedules.

Miscellaneous uses

Fictional elements

In J.R.R. Tolkien's , particularly as detailed in The Silmarillion, magic manifests as the inherent creative and shaping power of the Ainur, a class of immortal spirits who include the supreme and their subordinates, the . The possess supernatural abilities derived from their divine origin, enabling them to influence the physical world through will and song, as seen in the world's creation via the Music of the Ainur. This system emphasizes subtle, purposeful intervention rather than overt spellcasting, with like the Istari (wizards such as ) employing restrained power to guide events without dominating . Additionally, the represent crafted artifacts of enchantment, forged by the Sauron to amplify innate abilities and bind wills, as explored in , where they extend life and enhance control over elements like earth and fire for their bearers. In video games, Magic: The Gathering, released in 1993 by , introduced a where magic operates through a resource system of generated by land cards, which players tap to cast spells representing sorceries, enchantments, and creatures. This mechanic simulates magical energy drawn from the environment, with colored (white, blue, black, red, green) corresponding to different schools of magic, allowing strategic combinations for effects like summoning beings or altering the battlefield. The Final Fantasy series, beginning with its first installment in 1987 from Square (now ), features evolving magical systems centered on magic points (MP), a depletable resource pool that characters expend to invoke spells divided into categories like for healing and for offense. Early entries used a charge-based variant of Vancian magic, where spells had limited daily uses replenished by rest, while later games standardized MP to enable flexible casting during active time battles, emphasizing job classes like mages that specialize in elemental or status-altering incantations. Comics portray magic through characters like DC's Zatanna Zatara, who debuted in Hawkman #4 in 1964, wielding reality-warping powers by speaking spells backward, a linguistic rooted in her stage magician heritage and amplified by her innate sorcerous talent. This system allows versatile applications, from illusions and to combating mystical threats, often balanced by the risk of verbal reversal causing unintended chaos. Unique mechanics in role-playing games, such as the original 1974 edition of by and , treat spellcasting as a resource akin to points in structure, where magic-users and clerics prepare a fixed number of spells per day based on character level— for instance, a first-level magic-user can memorize only one first-level spell—drawing from a spellbook and expending them like vitality in combat. This Vancian-inspired system, named after author Jack Vance, simulates mental fatigue or " points" of arcane capacity, preventing overuse and requiring preparation rituals, which influenced countless RPGs by prioritizing tactical management over unlimited casting.

Named people and places

Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr., born August 14, 1959, in Lansing, Michigan, is a retired American professional basketball player renowned for his career with the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1979 to 1991. Drafted first overall in 1979, Johnson played primarily as a point guard and helped lead the Lakers to five NBA championships during the 1980s, earning three Finals MVP awards and three regular-season MVP awards in a career marked by his exceptional passing, scoring, and leadership. In November 1991, Johnson publicly announced his HIV-positive diagnosis, which led to his immediate retirement from the NBA at age 31, though he briefly returned for the 1992 All-Star Game, where he won MVP honors, and played 32 games in the 1995–96 season before retiring again. Since then, Johnson has become a prominent HIV/AIDS advocate through the Magic Johnson Foundation, founded in 1991, which focuses on education, prevention, and support programs. Additionally, in October 2025, Johnson was named the 2026 Tournament of Roses Grand Marshal, recognizing his enduring contributions to sports, business, and philanthropy. The is a theme park located at the Resort in , and serves as the flagship attraction of the resort complex. It opened on October 1, 1971, as the first Disney park built after Walt Disney's death, designed to evoke a fairy-tale atmosphere with themed lands such as , , and Adventureland, drawing millions of visitors annually for its rides, parades, and character experiences. Magic Mountain refers to the fictional setting in Thomas Mann's 1924 novel (Der Zauberberg), a in the near that symbolizes isolation, introspection, and the passage of time amid pre-World War I European society. In real-world contexts, the name also applies to , an in , opened in 1971 and known for its extensive collection of roller coasters, including 19 world-class ones as of 2025. In and , the "magic hour"—also called the —is the brief period shortly after sunrise or when creates a warm, diffused glow with reddish-orange hues, ideal for capturing aesthetically pleasing visuals due to the low angle and reduced intensity of the light. This term highlights the optimal window, typically lasting about one hour, for exterior shoots to achieve natural, flattering illumination without harsh shadows. Johnson has expanded his influence through , a involved in urban real estate development and sports team ownership, such as partial stakes in the and .

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