Pigbag
Pigbag was a British post-punk band formed in late 1980 at Cheltenham Art College in Cheltenham, England, and active until 1983, renowned for their instrumental track "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag," which became a surprise hit upon its 1982 re-release, peaking at number three on the UK Singles Chart and spending 8 weeks in the top 40.[1][2] The band was founded by artist and musician Chris Hamlin, who named it after a battered cloth pig bag carried by fellow student and trumpeter Chris Lee, with initial lineup including multi-instrumentalist Roger Freeman, trumpeter Chris Lee, and James Johnstone (alto saxophone and guitar).[1] Additional core members soon joined, such as drummer Andrew "Chip" Carpenter, bassist Mark Smith, bassist Simon Underwood, and tenor saxophonist Ollie Moore, creating a loose collective known for its eclectic, brass-heavy sound blending post-punk improvisation with jazz-funk and dance elements.[1] Their debut single, the frenetic and horn-driven "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag," was recorded in 1981 and released independently on Y Records, initially topping the UK Indie Chart before its major-label reissue propelled them to national prominence, including two appearances on Top of the Pops in April 1982.[1][2] Pigbag's brief career produced two studio albums—"Dr. Heckle and Mr. Jive" (1982) and "Lend an Ear" (1983)—along with several singles like "Sunny Day," "Getting Up," "The Big Bean," and "Hit the 'O' Deck," showcasing their experimental style rooted in art-school spontaneity and live energy.[1] They toured extensively, including the UK's longest college circuit in spring 1982 and a final performance on April 28, 1983, in Portsmouth, before disbanding in June 1983 amid internal tensions and shifting musical landscapes.[1] Post-breakup, members pursued projects like the band Instinct, and compilations such as Discology: The Best of Pigbag (1987) have kept their influential, genre-blending legacy alive in indie and dance music circles, with "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag" frequently licensed for media and sports events and recent reissues including the 2025 vinyl release of their BBC radio sessions.[1][3]History
Formation and early development
Pigbag was founded in late 1980 in Cheltenham, England, by Chris Hamlin, a fashion student at Cheltenham Art College, who assembled the initial lineup from the local art and music scenes.[1][4] The core members included Hamlin on clarinet and percussion, Roger Freeman on percussion, Chris Lee on trumpet, and James Johnstone on saxophone and guitar.[5][1][6] In early 1981, Simon Underwood joined on bass after leaving The Pop Group, followed by Ollie Moore on tenor saxophone on Underwood's recommendation. To complete the rhythm section, the band added Andrew "Chip" Carpenter on drums and Mark Smith on bass, both of whom were previous collaborators with Johnstone.[4][7][1] Hamlin left the band during the recording of their debut single later that year. The group's name derived from Hamlin's distinctive cloth bag, featuring a screen-printed warthog, which he often carried for his instruments.[1] Early rehearsals took place at Beech House in Cheltenham, a shared space with black-painted walls that served as the band's primary practice venue and fostered their improvisational style amid the emerging post-punk influences of the local scene.[1][8] Pigbag's debut live performance occurred on October 21, 1980, supporting The Slits at Romeo and Juliet's in Bristol, where they debuted an extended jam that would evolve into their signature track.[9][5] In early 1981, the band recorded initial unsigned demos at Beech House, capturing their raw, collective sound before securing a deal with Y Records.[1][8]Breakthrough and commercial success
In 1981, Pigbag's manager Dick O'Dell, formerly of The Pop Group, signed the band to his newly founded Y Records label following strong buzz from their live performances in the Bristol and London post-punk scenes.[10][11] O'Dell, recognizing their energetic fusion of punk, funk, and jazz, established the label specifically to release their music, marking a pivotal shift from unsigned gigs to professional recording.[11] That May, they debuted with the instrumental single "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag," a sprawling jam inspired by James Brown but reimagined through Pigbag's chaotic ensemble sound, which quickly gained traction in underground clubs and reached number one on the UK Indie Chart.[9][10][4] The single's initial indie momentum prompted a 1982 reissue via Stiff Records, propelling it to number three on the UK Singles Chart in April and cementing Pigbag's commercial breakthrough.[12][13] This success, bolstered by a John Peel BBC Radio 1 session in late 1981 that showcased their raw improvisation, exposed their jazz-funk grooves to a broader audience.[10][14] Capitalizing on the hit, the band recorded their debut album Dr. Heckle and Mr. Jive at Berry Street Studio in November 1981, co-produced by Pigbag and O'Dell, and released it in February 1982 on Y Records; the LP featured extended instrumental tracks emphasizing their live-wire energy and peaked at number 18 on the UK Albums Chart.[15][16] Follow-up singles sustained the buzz, with "Sunny Day" released in November 1981 as a double A-side with the original "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag," peaking at number 53 on the UK Singles Chart, and "The Big Bean" in July 1982, reaching number 40.[15][17][18][19] The band supported this run with extensive media exposure, including two appearances on Top of the Pops in April 1982 and additional BBC sessions, alongside a grueling college tour that amplified their reputation for high-energy, improvisational sets.[5][10] However, internal tensions peaked during the Top of the Pops filming, leading to percussionist Roger Freeman's departure in 1982 over disagreements about the band's direction and the mainstream spotlight.[6][10]Later years and disbandment
Following the success of their debut, Pigbag expanded their lineup in April 1982 with the addition of drummer Brian Nevill and multi-instrumentalist Oscar Verden on trombone and keyboards, with American vocalist Angela Jaeger joining later in late summer 1982, aiming to incorporate more vocal elements and structured compositions.[1][5] These changes were evident in their second album, Lend An Ear, recorded in late 1982 and released in February 1983 on Y Records, which shifted toward jazz-inflected songs with lyrics and less emphasis on extended improvisations compared to their instrumental roots.[20][15] The album received mixed critical reception, with some praising its polished evolution while others found it disappointing relative to the raw energy of their earlier work, and it failed to produce a hit single to match "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag," contributing to commercial underperformance.[21][13] In 1983, the band released their final single, "Hit The 'O' Deck," which experimented with turntable references but did not chart significantly, amid growing challenges including internal musical differences and pressures from the label to sustain momentum.[22][13] Touring continued into early 1983 with a UK leg from February to March and a European run ending in April, but activity tapered off after their last performance on April 28 in Portsmouth.[1] Pigbag officially disbanded in June 1983, citing poor reception to their evolving sound and unresolved internal tensions as key factors, with core members James Johnstone, Angela Jaeger, and Simon Underwood soon forming the short-lived project Instinct.[1][13] In the immediate aftermath, Y Records issued compilations such as Pigbag (YMP 1001) and Favourite Things (YPB 100), featuring tracks from Lend An Ear alongside earlier material, though no new studio recordings followed the split.[15]Musical style and influences
Genre and sound
Pigbag's music is primarily classified within the post-punk genre, blending elements of jazz-funk, mutant disco, and dance-punk to create a distinctive, genre-defying sound rooted in the UK's early 1980s underground scene.[11][23] This fusion draws from the experimental ethos of post-punk while incorporating the rhythmic drive of funk and the improvisational freedom of jazz, resulting in tracks that emphasize groove over conventional song structures.[24] The band's connection to Bristol's post-punk community, including shared members with The Pop Group, further anchored their style in this vibrant, politically charged milieu.[24] Central to Pigbag's sonic identity are their largely instrumental compositions, which prioritize energetic rhythms inspired by funk, dub, and free jazz traditions.[25][26] Horn sections, often featuring a four-piece brass-and-reed lineup, drive the melodies with raucous, speed-jazz intensity, while percussive grooves—infused with tribal funk and motorik drum patterns—provide an infectious, danceable foundation.[23][11][26] The absence of vocals in most tracks allows for abstract, musique concrète-like explorations, evoking a sense of chaotic improvisation that mirrors influences from free jazz pioneers such as Ornette Coleman and Pharoah Sanders, as well as punk-funk innovators like James Chance.[25] Additional inspirations from dub reggae, Fela Kuti's afrobeat, and krautrock acts like Can contributed to their eclectic, uptempo Latin-tinged jazz-funk aesthetic.[25][27][26] The band's sound evolved from loose, jam-based origins emphasizing free-form improvisation to more composed arrangements in their recorded output, balancing raw energy with structured accessibility.[24][25] Live performances played a crucial role in this development, amplifying their chaotic, danceable energy through spontaneous brass flourishes and propulsive rhythms that captivated audiences in club settings.[11][23] This interplay of elements solidified Pigbag's reputation for a vibrant, unclassifiable style that bridged underground experimentation and mainstream appeal.[25]Instrumentation and performance
Pigbag's core instrumentation featured a prominent horn section consisting of dual saxophones—an alto played by James Johnstone and a tenor handled by Ollie Moore—alongside Chris Lee's trumpet and Roger Freeman's trombone, which together drove the band's riff-based sound.[6] The rhythm section included Simon Underwood on bass, Chip Carpenter on percussion, and Chris Hamlin on clarinet and percussion, with drums added later by Brian Nevill.[8][6] James Johnstone's versatility allowed for adaptations such as switching between guitar and saxophone, enabling fluid contributions to both melodic leads and rhythmic funk foundations during performances.[28] In later phases, the band expanded their lineup with additional percussion and keyboards.[6] Live performances emphasized high-energy improvisation, where tracks often extended well beyond their studio lengths, allowing the ensemble to build dynamic interplay among the horns and percussion in response to audience energy.[8] The band's recording techniques prioritized a live feel, capturing sessions by editing extended jam sessions to preserve the raw, spontaneous energy; for instance, their breakthrough single "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag" was recorded at Berry Street Studio in London by shortening a long jam to under 3.5 minutes.[28] Early gigs in Bristol venues like the Granary and Anson Rooms, and London spots such as the ICA, highlighted the impact of acoustics, where reverberant spaces amplified the horns' punchy riffs and percussive drive, shaping their unpolished, immersive sound.[8]Band members
Original lineup
The original lineup of Pigbag formed in Cheltenham in late 1980, comprising a core group of multi-instrumentalists who shaped the band's early post-punk and jazz-funk sound through improvisational jams.[1] Chris Hamlin served as the founder and played clarinet and percussion, contributing to the initial rhythmic experiments and the concept behind the band's name; he departed during the recording of the debut single in 1981 due to internal disputes.[1][6] Roger Freeman, a multi-instrumentalist handling percussion, drums, and trombone, was essential to the band's rhythmic foundation during its formative phase and early live performances; he left in April 1982 amid touring pressures.[1][6] Chris Lee provided trumpet, adding distinctive brass melodies that defined the upbeat, danceable elements in the group's initial compositions and recordings.[1][6] James Johnstone, a central multi-instrumentalist on alto saxophone and guitar, drove much of the harmonic and melodic structure in the band's early material, including the debut single and self-titled album.[1][6] Andrew “Chip” Carpenter joined early on drums, delivering the steady beats that underpinned Pigbag's energetic percussion-driven tracks during their initial phase.[1][6] Mark Smith played bass guitar, forming the groove backbone that supported the ensemble's improvisational style in the debut single sessions; he departed before the recording of the first album.[1][6] Simon Underwood played bass guitar, contributing to the rhythmic foundation and also handling cello and violin on the debut album.[1][6] Ollie Moore played tenor saxophone and clarinet, adding to the brass-heavy sound in early recordings.[1][6]Later additions
Amid ongoing personnel shifts, including the departure of Roger Freeman in April 1982, Pigbag recruited new members to maintain momentum during a transitional phase, leading into the recording of their second album, Lend an Ear.[1][29] These additions brought fresh instrumental and vocal elements, helping the band evolve its sound.[5] Brian Nevill joined as drummer and percussionist in early 1982, initially as a temporary replacement during the spring tour and rehearsals. He contributed drums and percussion to Lend an Ear, providing rhythmic drive on tracks that emphasized the band's funk-jazz fusion, and also played soprano saxophone on select recordings. Nevill participated in live performances, including the band's April 22, 1982, appearance on Top of the Pops promoting "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag."[1][20][5] Oscar Verden was added around the same time, handling trombone and keyboards to bolster the horn and electronic sections. His keyboard work added layered textures to Lend an Ear, including piano and synthesizer elements that enhanced the album's experimental edge, while his trombone supported the brass-driven arrangements. Verden joined Nevill in rehearsals from April 1982 and contributed to early live sessions, such as the "The Big Bean" single promotion.[6][30][1] Angela Jaeger, a New York-based jazz singer, was recruited in late summer 1982 as the band's first dedicated vocalist, marking a shift from their predominantly instrumental style. She provided lead vocals on Lend an Ear, introducing lyrical and melodic elements to songs like those exploring urban themes, and occasionally added percussion. Jaeger performed on the band's final tour in winter-spring 1983, including a notable show at Portsmouth Guildhall on April 28, 1983.[6][20][5]Discography
Studio albums
Pigbag released two studio albums during their original career from 1980 to 1983, and a reunion studio album in 2013, each showcasing their evolving fusion of jazz-funk, post-punk, and Latin influences. The band's debut, Dr. Heckle and Mr. Jive, captured their raw, instrumental energy, while follow-up Lend an Ear introduced more structured compositions with vocal elements. Their 2013 reunion effort, Year of the Pigbag, revisited their signature sound with renewed production polish.[15] Dr. Heckle and Mr. Jive, released in March 1982 on Y Records (catalog Y17), marked Pigbag's entry into full-length recordings. Recorded at Berry Street Studio in London during July 1981, the album was produced by the band alongside Dick O'Dell and engineered by Dave Hunt.[15] Featuring eight instrumental tracks—"Getting Up," "Big Bag," "Dozo Don," "Brian the Snail," "Wiggling," "Brazil Nuts," "Orangutango," and "As It Will Be"—it emphasized the group's percussive brass and rhythmic interplay, with highlights like the upbeat "Big Bag" and the exploratory "Dozo Don" exemplifying their mutant disco style.[31] The album peaked at No. 18 on the UK Albums Chart and No. 1 on the UK Indie Chart, benefiting from the promotional momentum of their breakthrough single "Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag."[32] Critics noted its technical proficiency in uptempo, Latin-tinged jazz-funk but highlighted limitations in songwriting depth when expanded beyond single formats.[33] Lend an Ear, issued in February 1983 on Y Records (catalog YLP 501), represented a shift toward more composed arrangements and occasional vocals. Produced by Simon Underwood and mixed at Blackwing and Jacobs Studios in London, it included eight tracks: "Weak at the Knees," "Hit the 'O' Deck," "Ubud," "One Way Ticket to Cubesville," "Jump the Line," "Can't See for Looking," "No Such Thing As," and "Listen Listen (Little Man)." Standout pieces like the rhythmic "Jump the Line" and the atmospheric "Ubud" demonstrated greater structural sophistication compared to their debut.[15] Commercially, it reached No. 7 on the UK Indie Chart but failed to chart nationally, receiving mixed reception as an underrated effort overshadowed by contemporary pop acts.[9] Reviewers appreciated its funky evolution yet saw it as less innovative than the band's earlier raw energy.[13] In 2013, Pigbag reconvened for Year of the Pigbag, their first new studio material in three decades, released on March 25 via Sugar Shack Records (catalog FOD095CD) as a CD and digital download. The nine-track album—"Cuban Rice (Is Very Nice)," "Disco Mama," "Out of Chaos," "Tabula Rasa," "Beluga," "Jumpers for Goalposts," "Brains," "Honeydew Lady," and "Afrodite on the Horizontal"—revived their brass-driven grooves with modern clarity, earning praise for sounding "tighter and fresher than ever."[15] While not charting, it underscored the enduring appeal of their instrumental fusion.[13]Singles
Pigbag's singles were primarily released on Y Records, with the band's debut single emerging as an underground hit before achieving mainstream success upon reissue. The group's output focused on instrumental tracks blending funk, punk, and dub elements, often issued in both 7" and 12" formats to cater to club and radio play. International variants appeared on labels like Stiff Records in the US and Rough Trade in Europe, expanding their reach beyond the UK. The following table summarizes the band's key single releases, including formats, B-sides (based on UK 7" editions unless noted), and UK chart performance where applicable.| Title | Release Year | Label (UK) | Formats | B-Side(s) | UK Peak Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Papa's Got a Brand New Pigbag | 1981 (reissued 1982) | Y Records | 7", 12" | The Backside | No. 3 (1982) |
| Sunny Day | 1981 | Y Records | 7", 12" (US on Stiff) | Elephants Wish to Become Nimble (7"); Whoops Goes My Body (12") | No. 53 |
| Getting Up | 1982 | Y Records | 7", 12" | Go Cat | No. 61 |
| The Big Bean | 1982 | Y Records | 7", 12" (US on Y USA) | Scumda | No. 40 |
| Hit the 'O' Deck | 1983 | Y Records | 7", 12" | Six of One | Did not chart |