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Stranger (disambiguation)

Stranger most commonly refers to a person who is unknown or with whom one has no personal acquaintance, often implying a newcomer to a place or someone unfamiliar with a particular situation. The term has been widely used in titles across literature, film, television, music, and journalism, denoting themes of alienation, mystery, or unfamiliarity. Notable examples include:

Literature

Novels

The Stranger (French: L'Étranger), a 1942 novella by Algerian-French author and published by , is a seminal work of existential fiction that explores themes of and indifference through the life of its protagonist, , an emotionally detached clerk in whose mundane existence culminates in a murder trial highlighting societal judgments on personal apathy. Stranger in a Strange Land, a 1961 by that explores themes of culture, religion, and sexuality through a human raised on returning to . The Stranger, a 2015 by American author and published by Dutton, centers on , a suburban father whose seemingly perfect family life shatters when a mysterious stranger discloses a hidden truth about his wife, propelling him into a web of deception and danger.

Periodicals

No notable literary periodicals titled The Stranger identified; see the Journalism entry in the introduction for the Seattle-based .

Characters

In literature

Harlan Coben's 2015 thriller The Stranger features a central character known simply as "the Stranger," an enigmatic and manipulative informant who infiltrates the lives of unsuspecting suburbanites by revealing buried secrets that unravel their facades of normalcy. Approaching protagonist at a local bar, the Stranger discloses a devastating truth about Adam's wife Corinne's and faked , propelling Adam into a desperate pursuit that exposes a web of lies, disappearances, and threats from connected victims like a medical student and a family woman. The character's elusive nature—operating without a clear or —amplifies the novel's exploration of hidden vulnerabilities in modern life, positioning the Stranger as a catalyst for chaos whose interventions force characters to confront the fragility of their constructed realities, though his ultimate motives remain ambiguously tied to a broader vigilante-like agenda against .

In comics and other media

In DC Comics, The Stranger is an enigmatic figure tied to the and multiversal threats. First appearing in this guise during the era, he is revealed to be , a time-traveling villain who stalked across timelines, manifesting as a shadowy observer before directly intervening in JSA events. In key storylines, such as those in Justice Society of America Vol. 4, The Stranger confronts the team in a future timeline (2048), killing most members and sending back to the to alter history, showcasing his abilities in temporal manipulation and strategic foresight rooted in Degaton's established time-crime expertise. His connections arise through broader crossovers, where Degaton's schemes threaten heroic legacies. In Marvel Comics, the Stranger is a powerful cosmic entity and extraterrestrial scientist, first appearing in X-Men #11 (1965). Composed of the absorbed essences of his homeworld Gigantius's population, he abducts mutants and other superhumans to his laboratory world for experimentation to understand threats to planetary stability, often clashing with the and other heroes. In the 2024 Star Wars series The Acolyte, the Stranger (also known as Qimir) is a mysterious Lord operating in the High Republic Era. Portrayed as an unassuming trader before revealing his dark-side powers, he wields a unique and cortosis helmet, training the acolyte Mae while evading pursuit, embodying themes of hidden identity and philosophy. In the television series The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power (2022–2024), the Stranger is the initial name for an Istari wizard (later revealed as ) who arrives in via a meteorite during the Second Age. Amnesiac and seeking his purpose, he allies with harfoots, learns magic, and confronts Sauron's forces, highlighting his role as a benevolent yet enigmatic wanderer. In the series, The Stranger is a time-traveling wanderer portrayed by , serving as a companion figure analogous to the in unlicensed -inspired audio dramas and videos from the and 2000s. Introduced in the 1991 video Summoned by Shadows, he travels with Miss Brown (played by ), intervening in cosmic crises with enigmatic wisdom and advanced technological prowess, later revealed as , a former revolutionary with from battles against oppressive regimes like the Custodians. The character's audio adventures, such as The Last Mission (2000) and (part of The Stranger Chronicles in 2009), expand his backstory, depicting him as an immortal-like figure unbound by linear time, using subtle guidance rather than direct confrontation to resolve interstellar conflicts and moral dilemmas. These productions, spanning four audio releases, highlight his affiliations with rogue agents and alien societies, blending mystery with ethical explorations of power and redemption in non-canonical extensions.

Film

Films titled The Stranger

The Stranger is a 1946 American thriller directed by , who also stars as the fugitive Nazi war criminal Franz Kindler, a professor hiding in a small town after . The plot follows United Nations War Crimes Commission investigator Wilson (), who tracks Kindler by releasing his associate and marrying into the suspect's life, leading to a tense confrontation revealed during an . Co-starring as Kindler's unsuspecting wife Mary, the 95-minute black-and-white film explores themes of postwar justice and deception, earning an Academy Award nomination for Best Film Editing. In 1967, Italian director adapted Albert Camus's existential novel The Stranger into a 104-minute French-Italian drama titled Lo straniero, starring as the emotionally detached , an Algerian office clerk whose indifference culminates in an inexplicable murder and a philosophical trial. portrays , Meursault's lover, while the film faithfully recreates the novel's sun-drenched setting and themes of and , though critics noted its literal approach limited visual innovation. Produced amid Visconti's exploration of literary adaptations, it premiered at the but received mixed reviews for its subdued pacing. The 2022 Australian psychological crime thriller The Stranger, written and directed by Thomas M. Wright, runs 117 minutes and depicts an undercover police operation where officer Mark Frame (Joel Edgerton) befriends suspect Henry Teague (Sean Harris) during a long bus journey, gradually building trust to extract a confession related to a missing child. Inspired by real events but fictionalized to avoid direct depiction of violence, the film emphasizes tense interpersonal dynamics and moral ambiguity, earning praise for its immersive sound design and performances. It premiered at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival in Un Certain Regard, later streaming on Netflix, and received seven AACTA Award nominations, including Best Film. François Ozon's 2025 French drama L'Étranger (also titled The Stranger), a 120-minute adaptation of Camus's novel set in 1930s , stars as the apathetic , whose emotional numbness leads from his mother's funeral to a senseless killing and courtroom scrutiny of his worldview. With as Marie Cardona, Pierre Lottin as Raymond Sintès, and supporting roles by and , the film highlighting existential isolation through stark cinematography and period authenticity. It competed at the 82nd Venice International Film Festival in 2025, where it garnered acclaim for Voisin's restrained portrayal but divided critics on its fidelity to the source material's philosophical depth.

Films titled Stranger

Stranger is a 2022 independent directed by Emanuele . The film centers on a couple, and , who seek solitude at a remote near Idyllwild, California, only to encounter a mysterious intruder who forces them into a tense cat-and-mouse game of survival. Starring Jacob Taylor as , Taylor Jabara as , and Francesco Cuizza as the , it employs an isolated woodland setting to build suspense through psychological tension and escalating confrontations. The movie highlights stylistic elements like shadowy and minimal to amplify the intruder's eerie presence and the couple's growing paranoia. Stranger (original title: Ju wai ren) is a 2024 Chinese experimental fiction written and directed by Zhengfan Yang. Structured as seven vignettes set in anonymous hotel rooms, each captured in a single unbroken , the work delves into themes of , social identity, and transience in modern . Scenarios range from a woman's livestream and a tense to a secretive wedding photoshoot, using confined spaces to reveal interpersonal estrangement and cultural undercurrents. Premiering at the , where it won the Grand Prix in the Proxima competition, the film blends , , and poignant observation to evoke the universal sensation of otherness. Its innovative long-take technique underscores evolving dynamics within static environments, prioritizing subtle emotional shifts over narrative linearity.

Television

Series

Stranger (also known as Secret Forest) is a South Korean television series that premiered on tvN on June 10, 2017, and was later distributed internationally on . Created and written by Lee Soo-yeon, the series spans two seasons with a total of 32 episodes, concluding on October 4, 2020. It stars as Hwang Si-mok, a who, following brain surgery in his youth, struggles with emotional , teaming up with Han Yeo-jin (played by ) to navigate in the legal system. The show is acclaimed for its elements and tight plotting, achieving significant international success on , where it garnered high viewer ratings and praise for its psychological depth. The Stranger is a mystery thriller miniseries that debuted on on January 30, 2020. Adapted from Harlan Coben's 2015 novel of the same name, the eight-episode series was directed primarily by Daniel O'Hara. It stars as Adam Price, a family man whose life unravels after a mysterious stranger reveals a devastating secret about his wife, leading to an investigation into hidden truths among his community. The production received generally favorable reviews for its suspenseful narrative and ensemble cast, though it did not lead to further seasons as a .

Episodes

"The Stranger" is the 22nd episode of the third season of the supernatural anthology series One Step Beyond, which aired on February 28, 1961. In this story inspired by alleged real events, an earthquake strikes Asia Minor, trapping four people in the rubble; three survivors emerge claiming a fourth man, who perished, sustained their spirits and will to live during the ordeal. The deceased individual is later identified as a convicted criminal executed in the United States years prior, highlighting themes of redemption and the 's role in human resilience. Guest starring as the enigmatic stranger, the episode exemplifies the series' focus on parapsychological phenomena drawn from documented accounts, contributing to its reputation as a pioneering TV exploration of the unexplained with a 7.4/10 rating. Another notable entry is "The Stranger," the sixth episode of the first season of the children's sci-fi adventure series Land of the Lost, which premiered on October 12, 1974. Directed by Bob Lally, the plot introduces the Marshall family—stranded in a prehistoric pocket dimension—to Enik, a sophisticated Altan (a lizard-like humanoid) and time-traveler related to the antagonistic Sleestak. Enik, portrayed by Walker Edmiston, initially aids the family in navigating the dangers of the Land of the Lost but harbors secretive motives tied to his own exile and quest for a pylon device to return home, blending elements of time travel, ancient mysteries, and survival. Guest stars include Spencer Milligan as Rick Marshall and the episode's introduction of Enik as a recurring character influenced subsequent sci-fi shows aimed at young audiences, earning an 8.2/10 IMDb rating for its imaginative world-building. In the 1980s revival of The Twilight Zone, "Stranger in Possum Meadows" served as a segment in the January 14, 1989, episode (season 3, segment 2). This sci-fi tale, written by Rockne S. O'Bannon, follows young Danny Wilkins (Benjamin Barrett), a rural boy who encounters Scout (Steve Kanaly), an alien disguised as a human collector of Earth specimens in the woods. The stranger infiltrates Danny's family, charming his mother (Laura Press) while planning abductions for extraterrestrial study, but ultimately spares the boy after a heartfelt connection, underscoring themes of innocence and interspecies empathy. With a 5.9/10 IMDb rating, the episode reflects the revival's mix of classic Twilight Zone moral twists and 1980s effects, though critiqued for uneven pacing; it remains a memorable entry in the franchise's legacy of cautionary alien encounter narratives.

Theatre

Plays

The Stranger (1789) is a sentimental drama by German playwright , first performed at the in and quickly translated into English by for its 1798 London premiere at . The play follows a disillusioned aristocrat who abandons his family and returns incognito as "the Stranger" to observe their lives, delving into themes of remorse, social alienation, and familial reconciliation amid Enlightenment-era critiques of . With a runtime of approximately 2.5 hours, it exemplifies the movement's emotional intensity and achieved widespread popularity, with thousands of performances across and America in the 19th century, including revivals as late as the 20th century in regional theatres. In the 1930s, adapted her 1924 short story "Philomel Cottage" into the play The Stranger, a published in 2017 that received its world premiere in 2019 at iTheatre in and its UK premiere in 2021 at the International Agatha Christie Festival. The narrative centers on a woman who suspects her seemingly perfect husband is an impostor after an attack, exploring themes of trust, deception, and female vulnerability in a 90-minute suitable for a cast of 4 women and 2 men. Notable productions include its inclusion in Christie's The Mousetrap and Other Plays collection and ongoing stagings by community theatres, emphasizing its suspenseful structure and twist ending without requiring elaborate sets. Stranger (2000) is an American drama by Craig , which premiered at the Vineyard Theatre in on , directed by Mark Brokaw. Set on a transcontinental night flight, the play features two strangers—a and a —who gradually disclose personal traumas and philosophical dilemmas, probing themes of identity, loss, and the absurdity of human connections in a 105-minute, two-act format with a cast of four (2 women, 2 men). Lucas draws on existential undertones of alienation and moral ambiguity, influenced by his earlier works like Reckless, and the production received praise for its taut dialogue and emotional depth, though it had limited revivals beyond initial runs. Albert Camus's 1942 novel The Stranger (L'Étranger) has inspired numerous stage adaptations, with notable examples including Jiri Zizka's 1982 world premiere at the Wilma Theater in , which condensed the existential tale of Meursault's indifference and trial into a 90-minute drama emphasizing and societal . This production, directed by Zizka, toured internationally and saw revivals, such as a 2016 Berlin staging by Philipp Preuss at the Schaubühne, maintaining the novel's themes of existential isolation without musical elements. Earlier efforts, while not tied to , reflect the work's theatrical potential through sparse, introspective scripting that highlights Camus's absurdist philosophy.

Musicals and parodies

Stranger Sings! The Parody Musical is an production that premiered in 2019 at Union Hall in , , offering a humorous, song-and-dance reinterpretation of the first season of the series . Written by Jonathan Hogue, who crafted the book, music, and lyrics, the show incorporates parodies of pop songs to satirize the series' supernatural elements and campy nostalgia. It has no official affiliation with or the franchise. The musical features a compact ensemble of 8 to 11 actors, who portray key characters like Eleven, , Dustin, Lucas, and Will, while doubling in smaller roles to capture the chaotic ensemble dynamics of the original show. Standout numbers include twisted takes on hits such as The Clash's "Should I Stay or Should I Go," reimagined as a dilemma over venturing into the Upside Down, and other 1980s staples like Cyndi Lauper's "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" adapted to mock the Hawkins gang's adventures. The 90-minute runtime emphasizes high-energy choreography, retro costumes, and interactive elements that poke fun at tropes, earning praise for its affectionate yet irreverent tone. Since its debut, Stranger Sings! has toured extensively across and internationally, with productions in cities including , Orlando, Oceanside, and . By 2021, it expanded to a multi-city non-union tour, and as of 2025, auditions continue in and to support ongoing runs and new stagings. An original was released in 2021, capturing the show's blend of and melody.

Music

Albums

The Stranger is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Billy Joel, released on September 29, 1977, by . The album features nine tracks, blending , and elements, with production by marking Joel's first major collaboration with the Grammy-winning producer. Key tracks include "Just the Way You Are," which won for Record of the Year and Song of the Year in 1978, and "Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)," highlighting Joel's storytelling style about working-class life. Other notable songs are "The Stranger," exploring hidden personal sides, and "," a seven-minute evoking nostalgia. The album achieved significant commercial success, peaking at No. 2 on the chart for six weeks and becoming Joel's breakthrough after four prior releases with modest chart performance. It has sold over 15 million copies worldwide, with U.S. sales certified 12x by the RIAA in July 2025, recognizing 12 million units shipped. From 1977 to 1985, The Stranger was ' best-selling album. Critically, The Stranger received widespread acclaim for its sophisticated songcraft and emotional depth, with later describing it as a "sublimely crafted breakthrough" balancing romance and everyday mundanity. praised its track variety, from upbeat anthems to introspective ballads, cementing Joel's status as a versatile artist. In 2008, issued a 30th Anniversary Legacy Edition reissue, featuring a remastered original , a bonus disc of a previously unreleased live recording from on June 3, 1977 (12 tracks, including "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on )"), and a DVD with promotional videos, interviews, and a 30-minute documentary on the album's creation. This edition underscores the album's enduring legacy, with over 10 million copies sold by the early alone.

Songs

"The Stranger" is a rock song written and performed by , serving as the title track to his fifth studio album released on September 29, 1977, by . The track explores themes of hidden personalities and the dual nature of self, with lyrics such as "Well, we all have a face / That we hide away forever / And we take them out and show ourselves / When everyone has gone," reflecting on the masks people wear in daily life. Although not released as a single in the United States, it contributed to the album's success, which peaked at No. 2 on the and has been certified diamond by the RIAA for over 10 million units sold. The song has been covered in live performances and featured in various media, emphasizing its enduring appeal in piano rock. "Stranger" is a and song by American singer , released as the third single from her fourth studio Dignity on June 25, 2007, via . Co-written by Duff and , the addresses in relationships and uncovering a partner's true, unfamiliar side, with key lyrics including "Nobody believes me when I tell them that you're out of your mind / Nobody believes me when I tell them that there's so much you hide." It incorporates influences from and , blending electronic production with Duff's vocals. The song topped the chart at No. 1, marking one of Duff's biggest dance hits, and received positive reviews for its mature sound and empowering message. Remixes by producers like Richard Vission and Soulseekerz extended its club play. "I'm a Stranger Here" is a rock song by the Canadian band Five Man Electrical Band, included on their 1971 album Good-byes and Butterflies and released as a single in 1973. The track, written by band members including Les Emmerson, portrays societal outsiders through the narrative of an otherworldly visitor feeling alienated in modern society, with lyrics like "I'm a stranger here, I'm a stranger now / I'm a stranger in a strange land." It peaked at No. 76 on the Billboard Hot 100 and reached higher positions in Canada, such as No. 13 on Vancouver's CKLG chart, resonating with counterculture audiences during the early 1970s. The song's raw guitar-driven sound and themes of isolation have led to occasional covers and radio airplay in classic rock formats.

Other uses

Mining and history

The Welcome Stranger was the largest alluvial gold nugget ever discovered, unearthed on February 5, 1869, in Bulldog Gully near Moliagul, , , by miners John Deason and Richard Oates. Using a , Deason struck the nugget while uprooting an old tree stump during routine , with Oates assisting in its extraction; the massive specimen, embedded in clay and , measured approximately 23 inches long, 11 inches wide, and 9 inches thick. At the time, it weighed approximately 220 pounds (100 kg) gross, containing about 156 pounds (71 kg) of pure gold after trimming, and was valued at £9,381, with a modern melt value equivalent of approximately $6 million USD (as of 2025). Due to its enormous size, the nugget could not fit on standard scales and was broken into pieces with an anvil at the London Chartered Bank in nearby Dunolly before being assayed and sold; the miners received their share, with Deason using his portion to purchase land in Moliagul while Oates returned to Cornwall. The original was subsequently melted down, leaving no intact remnants, though detailed molds and replicas—crafted from eyewitness sketches and measurements—survive and are displayed at institutions such as the Museums Victoria in Melbourne and the Old Treasury Building. This discovery occurred late in the (1851–late 1860s), reinvigorating efforts in the Moliagul district and underscoring the potential for significant alluvial finds even as surface deposits waned; it remains a landmark event in Australian mining history, symbolizing the era's fortunes and the allure of the goldfields.

Law and concepts

In contract law, the term "" denotes a who is not involved in an agreement and thus lacks , preventing them from enforcing its terms or incurring liabilities thereunder. This doctrine ensures that only parties who provide can claim rights or remedies, as a stranger to the consideration has no legal standing to sue for . For instance, in (1861), the court ruled that a who was a stranger to the could not enforce it, reinforcing the principle that contractual benefits cannot be directly conferred on outsiders without privity. Similarly, Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd (1915) affirmed that recognizes no jus quaesitum tertio, barring strangers from acquiring rights under a contract to which they are not privy. In and , the "stranger" represents an unfamiliar individual who integrates into a while maintaining emotional and structural distance, as articulated by in his 1908 essay "The Stranger." Simmel portrays the stranger as a synthesis of nearness and remoteness—physically proximate yet unbound by the group's organic ties—enabling roles such as the objective trader or impartial arbiter who facilitates exchanges without local biases. This detachment fosters a unique objectivity, allowing the stranger to perceive societal dynamics from an external vantage, distinct from insiders' embedded perspectives. As of 2025, the concept of the "stranger" extends to digital privacy frameworks, where laws safeguard users—particularly children—from interactions with unknown parties by restricting and sharing. The (COPPA), through its April 2025 amendments, mandates verifiable parental consent for operators collecting personal information from children under 13, explicitly limiting disclosures to third parties to curb risks like exploitation by digital strangers. These updates enhance data security measures and prohibit manipulative designs that could expose minors to unfamiliar entities, prioritizing protection in environments.

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