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Cinder

Cinder may refer to:
  • Cinder (material), a combustion residue such as ash or clinker
  • Cinder cone, a type of volcanic cone built from fragmented lava
  • Cinder (computing), various software and technology uses ** OpenStack Cinder, a block storage service in the OpenStack platform ** Cinder (creative coding library), an open-source library for creative coding in C++
  • Cinder (novel), a 2012 young adult science fiction novel by Marissa Meyer and its series
  • Cinder (character), various fictional characters, such as in the Lunar Chronicles series or comics
  • Other uses, including businesses, brands, and geographical locations

Natural and material uses

Combustion residue

Cinder refers to the partially burnt material resulting from the incomplete of fuels such as , , or other , primarily consisting of , fused clinkers, and unburnt carbon fragments. This residue forms when the fuel does not fully oxidize, leaving behind a of inorganic minerals from the fuel's content and residual carbonaceous particles. Unlike fine, powdery from complete , cinder is characterized by its coarser and inclusion of larger, irregular pieces. The physical of cinder include its porous structure, lightweight nature, and dark coloration, typically ranging from black to gray-brown due to the presence of unburnt carbon and fused minerals. These attributes arise specifically from incomplete , where limited oxygen supply prevents full breakdown of the , resulting in higher carbon content and reduced fusion compared to fully oxidized . In the formation process, begins with the release of volatile gases upon heating, followed by char burning; under oxygen-deficient conditions, the char partially burns to produce , , and unburnt fragments, while components may fuse into clinkers if temperatures exceed their (around 1000–1200°C for typical coal ). This contrasts with complete , which yields primarily fine, non-fused , , and under ample oxygen, minimizing solid residues beyond inert minerals. Historically, in the 19th and early 20th centuries, coinciding with widespread use in furnaces and stoker systems for powering factories and transportation. It served practical purposes such as being spread on roads for traction on icy or unpaved surfaces before the dominance of paving in the mid-20th century, providing due to its angular particles and affordability as a . , a construction material derived from this residue, were commonly used in building during that era for their lightweight insulating qualities. The incomplete combustion processes generating cinder contributed significantly to in urban areas prior to 1950s clean air legislation, as they released , , and sulfur oxides alongside the solid residue. In densely populated cities reliant on for heating and , these emissions formed dense , exemplified by the 1952 London Smog event, where high-sulfur burning trapped pollutants in inversion layers, leading to thousands of premature deaths and prompting acts like the UK's Clean Air Act of 1956 to restrict use and promote cleaner fuels. Such episodes highlighted the environmental toll of cinder-producing combustion, driving regulatory shifts toward more efficient burning technologies.

Volcanic and geological features

Volcanic cinder, also known as , consists of irregularly shaped fragments of vesicular or lava that form during explosive volcanic eruptions. These fragments are ejected into the air as molten material and cool rapidly, preserving numerous gas bubbles that create a porous, glassy texture. Cinder cones arise from the accumulation of these fragments around a volcanic vent, building steep-sided, conical hills through repeated explosive eruptions of basaltic . The process involves gas expansion within the rising , which fragments the lava into airborne pyroclasts that solidify before settling, typically forming structures 100 to 400 meters in height. Notable examples include in , which emerged in 1943 and grew to about 460 meters during its nine-year eruption, and in , which formed around 1085 AD and stands at approximately 300 meters. Geologically, cinder cones serve as key indicators of monogenetic volcanism, where a single vent produces one eruptive episode lasting from weeks to years without reactivation. Their rates, influenced by and vegetation, allow for relative age estimation through morphometric analysis of degradation patterns, while absolute dating often relies on radiocarbon analysis of buried soils beneath layers. Volcanic cinder differs from , which forms from silicic magmas and is lighter with more interconnected vesicles, and from volcanic bombs, which are larger (over 64 mm) intact fragments that may still be partially molten upon landing.

Computing and technology

OpenStack Cinder

Cinder is a block service project within the OpenStack platform, designed to manage persistent storage volumes for virtual machines and other workloads. It originated in 2011 as a from the volume management capabilities previously integrated into the Nova compute service, allowing for more modular and scalable storage handling independent of compute operations. Cinder enables users to provision, attach, and manage block storage devices as if they were local disks, supporting a variety of backend storage systems to meet diverse performance and capacity needs. At its core, Cinder provides persistent block storage volumes that can be dynamically attached to virtual machines running on , as well as to bare-metal hosts via Ironic or container environments. It supports multiple backend drivers, including Logical Volume Manager (LVM) for local storage, Ceph for distributed object and block storage, and legacy systems like VMAX for SAN environments. Key features include volume creation and deletion, attachment and detachment to instances, point-in-time snapshots for backup and recovery, and volume cloning for rapid provisioning. These operations integrate seamlessly with other OpenStack services, such as for compute instance management and Glance for image storage, enabling workflows like booting instances from volume-backed images or snapshotting volumes during migrations. Cinder's architecture is component-based and highly available, consisting of primary services like cinder-api for handling RESTful API requests from users and other services, cinder-scheduler for selecting optimal backend hosts based on factors such as capacity and availability, and cinder-volume for managing the lifecycle of volumes on specific storage backends. These components communicate via a message queue, typically RabbitMQ, to ensure asynchronous and fault-tolerant operations across distributed deployments. An optional cinder-backup service handles volume backups to external storage like Swift or Ceph. Development of Cinder began alongside early releases, achieving its first stable release in cycle in April 2012, which marked its full separation from . As of November 2025, the current stable version is part of the 2025.2 (Flamingo) series, featuring enhancements like improved backend filtering and support for advanced storage capabilities such as v2 integration for migrations. The project is governed by the Open Infrastructure Foundation, which oversees community-driven development through technical committees and ensures compatibility across 's biannual release cycles. Cinder is widely used in environments for providing scalable block storage in private, , and clouds, supporting workloads from to . It enables petabyte-scale deployments by aggregating multiple backends and scaling horizontally, making it suitable for organizations requiring reliable, on-demand storage without .

Cinder creative coding library

Cinder is a free and open-source C++ library designed for professional-quality , enabling developers to create applications with a focus on graphics, audio, video, and . Initially developed as an in-house framework by The Barbarian Group, a digital creative agency, it was publicly released in spring 2010 to support aesthetic programming for both experimental and production environments. Since then, it has evolved into a community-driven project under the BSD-2-Clause license, with contributions from core developers including Andrew Bell, Hai Nguyen, Rich Eakin, and Paul Houx, alongside a global user base. Cinder emphasizes ease of use by abstracting low-level graphics APIs, allowing artists and programmers to prioritize creative intent over . The library's modular architecture consists of core modules for essential functionality, app modules for , and blocks for reusable components, facilitating scalable development. Key features include built-in support with advanced capabilities such as multisampled , frame buffer objects (FBOs), GLSL shaders, and NVIDIA-specific extensions; audio processing via WAV and MP3 decoding, microphone input, and a modular node-based system; video capture from webcams using native libraries like and ; networking for connectivity; and XML parsing (with opt-in nlohmann::json integration since version 0.9.3); APIs; and robust image I/O for formats including , , and QOI. This design provides a higher-level interface than raw , reducing complexity for tasks like real-time rendering while maintaining C++ performance advantages. Cinder is cross-platform, officially supporting macOS (10.13+), Windows ( 2019+ with ), , , and Windows UWP, with packaged releases for macOS and Windows, and source builds recommended for . It is particularly suited for use cases such as interactive installations, data visualizations, , and games, where developers leverage its tools for procedural content generation—such as synthesizing complex geometries—and real-time video manipulation, including effects processing and integration. For instance, artists have used Cinder to build multi-display visual outputs and hardware-synced installations, benefiting from its efficient handling of touch and inputs. Development occurs on GitHub, where the project remains actively maintained through peer-reviewed contributions and submodules for dependencies. The latest stable release, version 0.9.3 from November 2023, introduced modernizations like C++17 support, removal of Boost dependencies, integration of Dear ImGui for UI, and enhancements to video and OpenGL features. Community resources include an official forum for discussions, comprehensive tutorials and reference documentation on the library's website, and sample code demonstrating advanced techniques. Compared to alternatives like Processing, Cinder offers similar accessibility for creative coding but in C++ for superior performance in demanding applications, such as high-frame-rate 3D rendering or audio synthesis, while differing from openFrameworks by favoring system-specific optimizations over broader add-on ecosystems.

Literature and media

Cinder novel and series

Cinder is a 2012 young adult by author , serving as the first installment in series. It reimagines the classic fairy tale in a dystopian future where Earth is recovering from natural disasters and wars, with society divided between humans, , and androids. The protagonist, Linh Cinder, is a teenage living in New Beijing, the capital of the Eastern Commonwealth, who works in a bustling market and cares for her stepsisters under the harsh rule of her stepmother. As a deadly , letumosis, ravages the population, Cinder becomes entangled in political intrigue when she repairs an android for Prince Kai and uncovers her own mysterious past tied to the lunar colony of , ruled by the tyrannical Queen Levana. Throughout the story, Cinder grapples with threats from lunar mind controllers and discovers her true royal heritage as the lost Lunar princess, blending elements of romance, adventure, and rebellion. Published on January 3, 2012, by Feiwel and Friends, an imprint of Macmillan Publishers, Cinder marked Meyer's debut novel and quickly became a New York Times bestseller. The series expands with Scarlet in 2013, retelling Little Red Riding Hood; Cress in 2014, inspired by Rapunzel; the prequel novella Fairest in 2015; the concluding novel Winter in 2015, drawing from Snow White; and the short story collection Stars Above in 2016. By 2023, the Lunar Chronicles series had sold over 8 million copies worldwide, establishing Meyer as a prominent voice in young adult literature. The novel explores themes of identity and self-acceptance, particularly through Cinder's struggle with her cyborg modifications and hidden Lunar abilities, which challenge her sense of humanity in a society that discriminates against non-humans. Prejudice against cyborgs and Lunars serves as a central motif, highlighting social hierarchies and the dehumanization of the "other," while subverting traditional fairy tale tropes by infusing them with science fiction elements like bioengineering and interstellar politics. Influences include the Brothers Grimm's Cinderella for its core structure, alongside Asian folklore reflected in the setting of New Beijing and motifs of ancestral spirits and imperial courts. Critics and readers praised Cinder for its inventive world-building, seamless integration of fairy tale elements into a futuristic backdrop, and strong character development, with outlets like naming it a Best Book of the Year. It received the 2012 YALSA Teens' Top Ten award from the and was selected for the Best Fiction for Young Adults list. The series' success underscores its impact on science fiction, inspiring discussions on and in . Adaptations include the 2017 Wires and Nerve, a companion to the series focusing on secondary character Iko, illustrated by Doug Holgate and published by Feiwel and Friends. In June 2025, and announced an animated feature film adaptation of , slated for theatrical release on November 3, 2028, marking a significant step toward broader media expansion. As of November 2025, no live-action film has been produced, though development rumors have circulated since the series' early success. Marissa Meyer drew inspiration for Cinder from a 2008 writing contest on a fanfiction site, where she began mashing up fairy tales with and , leading to her NaNoWriMo draft that evolved into the published work. The series concludes the main arc in Winter, with Stars Above providing backstory and epilogues, while Meyer has since authored spin-offs and new series like Renegades, but remains her foundational work blending folklore with .

Other artistic works

In music, "Cinder" appears as a title in various compositions across genres. The American Cinder released their debut Break Your Silence in 2002, featuring the track "Soul Creation," which explores themes of isolation and rebirth through electronic-infused rock elements. Similarly, the outfit issued an EP titled Cinder in 2005, comprising improvisational instrumentals that evoke desolate landscapes with violin-driven melancholy. The Mechanisms, a folk-punk known for narrative , included "Cinders' Song" on their 2012 release Once Upon a Time (To Die For), a haunting ballad reinterpreting folklore with queer undertones and acoustic instrumentation. Film and television have featured "Cinder" in short-format works emphasizing personal struggle and transformation. The 2010 short film Cinder, directed by Jason Jury, portrays a young woman's dilemma between family duty and forbidden romance in a immigrant community, blending with elements in a 15-minute runtime. In 2023, the Film Academy produced an animated short titled Cinder, a poetic exploration of loss and renewal through stylized visuals of fire and ash, directed by Anne Dirkx and showcased at festivals. Another notable entry is the 2023 short Cinder from Walk With Me Productions, which addresses domestic abuse through a Cinderella-inspired lens, highlighting cycles of entrapment and escape in a horror- format. Theater productions incorporating "Cinder" often draw from allegorical or folk traditions. Janusz Glowacki's Cinders (original Polish title Kopciuch), a penetrating of , premiered in 1984 at the Shakespeare Festival's LuEsther Theater, directed by Tom Signorelli and starring as a documentary filmmaker infiltrating a reform school for girls. The play critiques authoritarian surveillance through satirical dialogue and ensemble dynamics, running for 24 performances. More contemporary adaptations include Cinder-Elfa, a flexible-cast holiday musical by R.J. Ryland, which reimagines the narrative with gender-neutral roles and , suitable for community theaters since its publication. Visual arts have utilized "cinder" motifs to explore materiality and impermanence. Artist HENSE (Alex Brewer) creates site-specific installations with painted cinder blocks and salvaged wood, as seen in his 2014 series of untitled sculptures that layer vibrant acrylics over industrial forms to challenge urban decay narratives. The Museum for Art in Wood's 2025 exhibition Cinders: Burned, Scorched, and Pyrographed Works in Wood featured pyrographic pieces by multiple artists, including scorched installations that transform fire-damaged timber into abstract commentaries on destruction and regeneration. James Turrell's ongoing Roden Crater project (initiated 1972, ongoing), a monumental earthwork in Arizona's Painted Desert, reshapes a volcanic cinder cone into light-sculpture spaces, inviting viewers to experience celestial phenomena through architectural interventions. Broader media extends "Cinder" into interactive formats. The indie game : Steam & (2024, developed by SouleyZe Project) incorporates an orchestral soundtrack by Paweł Perepelica, blending motifs with piano and strings to underscore exploration in a clockwork world, released on platforms like . Music from the band Cinder also appeared in soundtracks, such as "Soul Creation" in the extreme sports title (2003) and sports sim , enhancing high-energy sequences with nu-metal riffs.

Fictional characters

In young adult fiction

Linh Cinder, the protagonist of Marissa Meyer's series, is a 16-year-old residing in New Beijing within the Eastern Commonwealth. Born on as Princess Selene Channary Jannali Blackburn on December 21, 109 T.E., she is of Lunar origin with mixed Asian and ethnicity, featuring tan skin, and possesses approximately 36.28% synthetic body parts, including a prosthetic hand and leg. Her backstory involves a traumatic fire accident at age three on , orchestrated by her aunt Queen Levana to secure the throne, which severely burned her and necessitated extensive cybernetic prosthetics; presumed dead, she was secretly evacuated to Earth and adopted by inventor Linh Garan, who integrated a bioelectric security system granting her immunity to the letumosis plague. As a half-human, half-Lunar , Cinder faces societal as a , working as a gifted to support her adoptive family while hiding her Lunar heritage. In the series, Cinder serves as the central viewpoint character across all four main novels, evolving from a marginalized into a revolutionary leader destined to challenge Lunar tyranny. Her enhancements provide practical abilities, such as built-in tools in her limbs (e.g., a , , and later a gun), and crucially, her synthetic brain wiring renders her resistant to Lunar mind control, or "," allowing her to navigate political intrigues undetected. Key relationships shape her journey: she develops a romantic bond with Kaito () of the , beginning as a client-mechanic dynamic and deepening into mutual support amid revelations of her identity; her loyal friendship with the family's glitchy Iko provides and unwavering companionship; and tense familial ties with her adoptive stepmother Linh Adri and stepsister Pearl contrast with her affection for the deceased stepsister , whose plague death catalyzes Cinder's defiance. Cinder's development arc emphasizes themes of and heroism, as she grapples with her fragmented identity as a , Lunar , and plague-immune survivor, ultimately embracing her role to foster unity between and . Pivotal events include evading the letumosis plague draft, where her volunteers her as a cyborg test subject for research, leading to her escape from and discovery of her immunity; this propels her into alliances that expose her heritage. Her arc culminates in leading the lunar revolution in Winter, rallying allies to overthrow Queen Levana, shooting her in the chaos, and negotiating peace, transforming from a self-doubting into a symbol of empowered hybridity. Cinder has emerged as an icon for disability representation in , portraying as intertwined with and rather than , challenging of technological "fixing" for disabled bodies. Since the 2012 publication of Cinder, fan analyses have explored her status as a for intersectional marginalization, including racial and ableist , with scholarly work highlighting her as a rare Asian heroine promoting themes of belonging and anti-discrimination in lit. Her narrative contributes to broader discussions on , where prosthetic enhancements enable agency and critique societal norms around "normalcy." Cinder Fall is the secondary antagonist of the animated web series , created by and . A cunning and ambitious huntress with fire-based Semblance powers, she serves as a member of Salem's faction, seeking to acquire Maiden powers to overthrow Ozpin and dominate Remnant. Orphaned and abused in her youth, Cinder's manipulative nature drives her quest for power, often allying with criminals like Roman Torchwick. The character appears in related media expansions, including the graphic novel duology Wires and Nerve (2017) and its sequel Seeing Red (2018), where she supports Iko in post-revolution adventures against wolf-hybrid threats. Merchandise featuring Cinder includes collectible figures such as fan-inspired Pop designs depicting her with prosthetics and tools, alongside bookish apparel and accessories tied to the series.

In comics and video games

In DC Comics' New Earth continuity, Cinder, also known as Carla Moretti, is a pyrokinetic who first appeared in the as a member of Deathstroke's team. Her powers allow her to generate and manipulate , often used in against like the and , stemming from a traumatic childhood of abuse that fueled her vengeful nature. Another notable comic duo featuring the name Cinder is the 1988 miniseries Cinder and Ashe by and , where Cinder DuBois, a Vietnamese-American war orphan, partners with Jacob Ashe, a Cajun , as private investigators solving cases tied to their wartime pasts without abilities. In video games, Cinder serves as a playable antagonist in the Killer Instinct series, debuting in the 1994 arcade original and returning in the 2013 reboot as a flame-based fighter whose body is composed of living fire. Originally a criminal named Ben Ferris subjected to Ultratech's experimental chemical enhancements, Cinder's transformation grants him pyrokinesis, including fire projectiles and teleportation via flame trails, making him a "human torch" archetype in fast-paced fighting mechanics. His lore evolved in the reboot to omit his original canonical death by Glacius, instead emphasizing survival and ongoing corporate manipulation, with no major updates reported through 2025. Separately, Cynder—a black dragoness often misspelled or misassociated as "Cinder" by fans—appears in The Legend of Spyro trilogy starting with A New Beginning (2006), initially as a corrupted servant of the Dark Master Malefor with shadow and poison breath attacks before redeeming as Spyro's ally. Cinder also features as a minor pyrokinetic character named Cinderhands (or C.H.) in the 2011 web serial Worm by Wildbow, a Birdcage inmate capable of igniting objects with heated touches, appearing briefly in prison breakout arcs. While no verified 2022 mobile RPG titled Cinder Quest exists, the name recurs in gaming media like the 2024 Fortnite skin Cinder, tied to fire-themed quests in the battle royale format. In , Cinder is one of the Chandrian, a group of ancient, demonic figures in Patrick Rothfuss's series. Known for his ash sign and role in massacring Kvothe's troupe in (2007), Cinder embodies destruction and secrecy, with his name derived from the ashen residue left by the Chandrian's presence. Across these depictions, Cinder variants commonly exhibit fire manipulation powers, with backstories centered on transformative curses or experiments—such as chemical in Killer Instinct or in —leading to arcs of villainy followed by potential redemption or entrapment. Fan reception highlights their role in diversifying action media, with Cynder praised for subverting male-led fantasy tropes as a complex female , inspiring crossovers in and stories blending lore with other franchises. Similarly, the gender dynamics in Cinder and Ashe contribute to discussions on representation in war narratives, though critical analysis remains niche due to the miniseries' obscurity. In the 2023 Pixar film Elemental, Cinder Lumen (voiced by Shila Aqilah) is a fire element character and the mother of protagonist Ember Lumen. A matchmaker in Firetown, she immigrates from Fireland with her husband Bernie, facing prejudice in Element City while guiding her daughter toward tradition.

Other notable uses

Businesses and brands

Cinder Technologies, an AI company focused on digital safety and trust operations, was founded in 2021 and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. The platform specializes in content moderation, responsible AI deployment, platform integrity, and data labeling to help organizations combat online abuse at scale. Its clients include major tech firms and AI labs such as OpenAI, Stability AI, and Midjourney, which use the tool for automating trust and safety workflows. In 2022, the company raised $14 million in combined seed and Series A funding led by Accel, with participation from Y Combinator and J2 Ventures. Cinder Wines is an Idaho-based winery established in 2006 by Melanie Krause and Joe Schnerr in Garden City, near Boise. The operation emphasizes small-batch production of wines like and sourced from the volcanic "cinder" soils of the Valley , drawing on Krause's prior experience at larger producers such as . Annual output remains modest to prioritize quality, and the winery has earned recognition, including multiple top honors at the Idaho Wine Competition for its vintages. Cinder is a chain of recreational cannabis dispensaries operating in Washington and New Mexico, with locations in Spokane including downtown at 927 W 2nd Avenue, north Spokane at 6010 N Division Street, and Spokane Valley at 1421 N Mullan Road. The retailer, which expanded to multiple sites by 2022 following Washington's 2012 legalization and further to New Mexico by 2025, emphasizes premium products such as flower, pre-rolls, concentrates, edibles, and vapes, alongside online ordering and customer education. The business has experienced steady growth in the post-legalization market, becoming one of Spokane's largest cannabis retailers. Cinder + Salt is a sustainable apparel founded in 2014 by Rachel DeCavage in , specializing in eco-friendly casual clothing for men, women, and children using recycled fabrics and organic materials. The line features original screen-printed designs inspired by , such as campfires and elements, with a focus on reducing waste through upcycled production and ethical . The Cinder Grill, a indoor grill developed by Desora, launched via in 2015 as a precision cooking device that automates temperature control to within 1°F, mimicking techniques without water. It features dual-zone heating for and holding food warm, with app connectivity for and , and was marketed for steaks, fish, and vegetables. The brand ceased operations in June 2023.

Geographical locations

Cinder Lake, located near Flagstaff in , is an artificial crater field created by in the to simulate lunar terrain for Apollo mission . Engineers detonated a series of controlled explosions between 1964 and 1967 to form over 50 craters, mimicking the Moon's surface for geological sampling exercises and equipment testing, including early prototypes. Today, the site serves as a recreational area for off-highway vehicle use within the , while its historical value led to its listing on the in 2016 and ongoing restoration efforts, including vegetation thinning in 2024 and post-wildfire flood mitigation as of November 2025, to preserve the craters. In southern , the Cinder Buttes form a within Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, consisting of multiple along the . Prominent features include Big Cinder Butte, the tallest in the monument at 6,515 feet (1,987 meters) elevation, formed during eruptions around 4,000 to 2,000 years ago from basaltic lava and ejecta. Geological studies of the area, initiated in the early and expanded since the with recent updates including USGS analysis in 2023 and NPS geodiversity assessments in 2024, have revealed insights into basaltic volcanism and activity beneath the region. Other notable locations include the Cinder Hills, a 13,500-acre (5,465-hectare) off-highway vehicle area adjacent to Volcano National Monument in , characterized by expansive black cinder fields from volcanic eruptions dating to about 900 years ago. Internationally, Cinder Hill on Cape Bird in Antarctica's serves as a field site for geological and ecological research, with studies on volcanic layers contributing to paleoclimate reconstructions since the mid-20th century. Many geographical features named "Cinder" derive their moniker from deposits of volcanic cinder—fragmented basaltic ejected during Strombolian-style eruptions—evident in arid landscapes across the and polar regions. draws visitors to these sites for their stark, otherworldly , while measures under federal oversight balance recreation with preservation of volcanic heritage. These locations play a key role in education, exemplified by Cinder Lake's use in programs that informed lunar understanding, and ongoing fieldwork at Cinder Buttes that elucidates hotspot volcanism. Additionally, cinder deposits have preserved fossils and sediments, providing paleoclimate data on past eruptions and environmental changes in regions like the .

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