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Dolmar

Dolmar is a historic of outdoor power equipment, renowned for its chainsaws and other tools. Founded in 1927 by Emil Lerp in , , the company developed one of the world's first portable gasoline-powered chainsaws, revolutionizing and tree work. Originally established as E. Lerp & Co., it adopted the name Dolmar in 1929, inspired by a mountain in , and Fichtel & Sachs became its majority shareholder around 1975. In January 1991, Corporation acquired Sachs Dolmar , integrating it into its global operations; the Dolmar brand was retained initially but phased out starting in 2015 in favor of branding. As of 2025, headquartered at Jenfelder Straße 38 in , the entity operates as , focusing on high-quality for power tools. Over its nearly century-long history, Dolmar has produced a wide range of chainsaws from 32cc to 78.5cc engines, earning a reputation for durability and innovation in professional-grade equipment. Following Makita's strategic shift toward , production of gasoline-powered products ceased on March 31, 2022. This evolution reflects Dolmar's enduring legacy in the outdoor power industry while adapting to modern environmental demands.

History

Founding and early innovations

Dolmar was founded in 1927 by Emil Lerp, a German engineer and inventor born in , in , , under the name E. Lerp & Co. The company initially focused on developing portable motor saws to address the labor-intensive demands of work, building on Lerp's earlier experiences with designs. Lerp's motivation stemmed from the need for more efficient tree-felling tools, as traditional axes and hand saws were time-consuming and physically demanding for loggers. That same year, developed and launched the "Type A," recognized as the world's first series-produced gasoline-powered . This groundbreaking model featured an 8-horsepower engine and weighed approximately 125 pounds (57 kg), necessitating two operators—one to control the saw and another to manage the and assist with handling. The Type A was initially tested for tree felling on Dolmar Mountain in , where its prototype proved effective despite its cumbersome size and weight, marking a significant step toward mechanized . Early challenges included the device's bulkiness, which limited its portability, and the reliance on manual starting and two-person operation, making it suitable primarily for large-scale timber operations rather than individual use. In 1929, the company was renamed Dolmar, inspired by Dolmar Mountain—the site of the Type A's successful trials—and suggested by Lerp's wife, , to reflect the tool's origins and durability. This coincided with growing recognition of the 's potential in the forestry industry. Throughout , Dolmar expanded its lineup with lighter models, such as the Model C introduced in , and made key improvements in , including more efficient two-stroke designs that enhanced power output while reducing overall weight and improving for better portability. These advancements addressed initial limitations, allowing for broader adoption among loggers and setting the stage for further refinements in chainsaw mechanics.

Post-World War II development

Following the end of , Dolmar resumed production at its facility amid Germany's economic reconstruction, implementing improved manufacturing processes to capitalize on the growing demand for tools. A major milestone came in 1952 with the introduction of Dolmar's first one-man gasoline-powered , the model, which featured a 102 cc engine and weighed about 31 pounds (14 kg)—far lighter and more ergonomic than the earlier two-man Type A saw, enabling individual operators to handle it more easily. Throughout the , models like the evolved, emphasizing portability for and use. By the 1960s, amid West Germany's , Dolmar expanded its operations, growing its workforce to support increased production and beginning exports to markets across and , which broadened its reach beyond domestic needs. Subsequent iterations in the decade incorporated anti-vibration features, reducing operator fatigue and setting standards for ergonomic design in consumer-friendly chainsaws.

Acquisitions and ownership changes

In 1975, Fichtel & Sachs AG acquired a majority stake in Dolmar, resulting in the of the company as Sachs-Dolmar and the subsequent of Sachs' technology into Dolmar's production. This partnership enabled the development of innovative models, including the first with a produced in collaboration that year. From 1975 to 1991, under the Sachs-Dolmar name, the company operated with shared production facilities between the two entities, fostering the creation of model lines such as the PS series, which incorporated Sachs engines for enhanced performance. These years marked a period of technological synergy, with Sachs-Dolmar chainsaws becoming collectible for their robust engineering. In 1991, Corporation of completed the full acquisition of Sachs-Dolmar GmbH, renaming it Dolmar GmbH initially before transitioning to Engineering GmbH, while continuing to use the Dolmar brand for products in the short term. This move expanded Makita's presence in outdoor power equipment and integrated Dolmar's expertise into its global operations. The acquisitions significantly influenced at Dolmar; the 1991 Makita takeover, in particular, introduced Japanese manufacturing efficiencies, such as lean production methods, which streamlined operations and supported ongoing innovation in technology.

Products

Chainsaws

Dolmar's production began with the groundbreaking Type A model in 1927, the world's first gasoline-powered designed for two-person operation in tasks. This 8 horsepower unit weighed approximately 128 pounds (58 kg) and featured a 20-inch , marking a significant advancement over earlier manual and electric saws by enabling portable, fuel-driven cutting in remote forest environments. Over the decades, Dolmar's designs evolved toward lighter, more efficient one-person models, with the introduced in 1952 as the first gasoline-powered one-man saw boasting a for enhanced maneuverability in professional work. Subsequent innovations included the model in 1958, which incorporated an all-position diaphragm for reliable operation in varied orientations, and the introduction of technology in 1987 to improve performance and fuel economy across the lineup. By the late , engine displacements ranged from 50cc for lighter consumer models to 120cc for heavy-duty professional variants, accommodating lengths of 12 to 24 inches and common pitches such as 3/8 inch low-profile or .325 inch for optimized cutting efficiency in wood types from softwoods to hardwoods. Modern iterations prior to the 2022 discontinuation of production, such as the PS-700 series (e.g., PS-7900 with 79cc and 4.6 kW output), continued this progression, emphasizing favorable power-to-weight ratios, such as 0.73 kW/kg in the PS-7900 for demanding applications like large timber. Gasoline-powered chainsaws formed the core of Dolmar's lineup, incorporating user-focused features like the Easy Start system, which utilized a low-spark to reduce pull resistance and ensure dependable ignition with fewer strokes, particularly beneficial for extended field use. Anti-vibration handles, standard in models from the PS-300 series onward, employed spring-mounted systems to dampen engine pulses, minimizing operator fatigue and hand-arm vibration syndrome risks during prolonged operation. In the 2000s, compliance with Euro II emissions standards was achieved through advanced air filtration like the Airmaster system and optimized carburetion, reducing and outputs by up to 30% compared to prior generations while maintaining power delivery in professional saws. Under Makita's ownership since , Dolmar expanded into electric and, later, battery-powered chainsaws in the , introducing models like the DCS series equipped with 36V lithium-ion for operation suitable for urban or noise-sensitive environments. These variants, such as the DCS431, delivered comparable to 40cc equivalents with run times of 30-45 minutes per charge, prioritizing zero-emissions performance for light and tasks. Dolmar differentiated its chainsaws into and lines, with top-handle models like the PS-220 (22.2cc, 0.74 kW) tailored for arborists performing aerial , featuring designs under 2.5 kg and ergonomic grips for one-handed control in tree canopies. and saws, such as mid-range PS-500 series units with 50cc engines and 16-20 inch bars, targeted versatile rural applications like clearing brush or splitting , balancing durability with accessibility for non-specialist users. Safety innovations were integral to Dolmar's development, particularly the chain brake mechanism refined in the , which activated via inertial force or manual lever to halt the chain in under 0.12 seconds during kickback events, a feature standardized across models post-1975 merger with Sachs to meet emerging industry safety regulations.

Other outdoor power equipment

In addition to its chainsaws, Dolmar developed a diverse lineup of outdoor power equipment during the Sachs-Dolmar era from 1975 to 1991, expanding its portfolio in the 1980s to include string trimmers, hedge trimmers, leaf blowers, and multi-tool systems for professional and consumer landscaping needs. This diversification allowed the brand to offer integrated solutions for garden maintenance, leveraging shared engineering principles like lightweight construction and reliable two-stroke engines. String trimmers and brushcutters from Dolmar featured compact, gas-powered designs suited for trimming weeds and grass in hard-to-reach areas. For instance, the MS-22 C model utilized a 21 cc , providing efficient power in a lightweight unit weighing approximately 8.5 pounds, complete with an adjustable head and dual-line cutting system that supported bump-feed mechanisms for easy line advancement. These tools often included ergonomic handles and anti-vibration features to reduce user fatigue during extended use. Hedge trimmers in Dolmar's range encompassed both electric and gas-powered variants, emphasizing precision cutting for shrubs and hedges. The HT-230 gas model, with a 23 cc displacement engine, incorporated dual-action blades that delivered clean, scissor-like cuts while minimizing blade wear and user effort. Electric options, such as the later HT-365 with a 550-watt motor and 25-inch dual-sided steel blades, offered corded convenience for residential applications, capable of handling branches up to 0.4 inches thick. These trimmers shared Dolmar's focus on durable, chrome-plated components for longevity. Leaf blowers and systems rounded out Dolmar's offerings, providing versatile options for debris management and combined tasks. The PB-760 blower, powered by a 75.6 four-stroke engine, generated air speeds up to 195 mph and airflow of 720 cubic feet per minute, with features like an adjustable grip, cushioned backrest, and low-fuel-consumption design for professional clearing of leaves and light snow. , such as those in the CS series with 25.4 engines, utilized quick-release couplings to swap attachments for edging, hedging, or , promoting efficiency across job sites. Ergonomic elements, including padded harnesses and intuitive controls, were consistent across these products to enhance operator comfort and safety.

Operations

Manufacturing and facilities

Dolmar's primary headquarters and main factory were established in , , in 1927 by founder Emil Lerp under the initial name E. Lerp & Co., focusing on the production of portable gasoline-powered . The facility served as the core of the company's operations, enabling the development and of early innovations such as the Type A model. In response to growing demand during the period, the company relocated and expanded its production premises to Hamburg-Wandsbek in , enhancing capacity for assembly and output of professional-grade outdoor power equipment. Throughout its independent history, Dolmar maintained in-house manufacturing processes for key components, including engines and carburetors, at the Hamburg facility, which supported the production of durable, high-performance until the company's acquisition by in 1991. Following the acquisition of Sachs Dolmar , production integrated into 's global , allowing for shared components such as carburetors while preserving the plant's role in final assembly and specialized engineering. The facility, now operating as Engineering , has continued to focus on , achieving a cumulative production milestone of 10 million units since 1991. Dolmar emphasized rigorous quality control standards in its operations, with the workforce—known for its skilled technicians—undergoing specialized training programs for assembly, testing, and tasks. Although specific workforce peaks are not documented, the company's commitment to a highly trained labor force contributed to consistent gains through the and beyond. In the , Dolmar adopted international practices, aligning with evolving industry standards to ensure reliability in its products. Environmental considerations became integral to Dolmar's manufacturing evolution in the 2000s, with the facility transitioning toward processes that supported low-emission engine technologies and efficient lines. This shift complemented broader trends, enabling the of chainsaws with reduced exhaust emissions while maintaining the plant's dedication to sustainable German-based manufacturing.

Current status under

Since its acquisition by in 1991, the former Sachs Dolmar GmbH has operated as Makita Engineering Germany GmbH, functioning as 's key European hub for , , and of power tools, particularly handheld forestry and gardening equipment, at its facility in , . This site has contributed to 's global operations by specializing in battery-powered innovations and process optimizations that support manufacturing across the Makita Group. Dolmar-branded products continue to be produced and distributed in select markets, primarily in and Asia, leveraging Makita's extensive network that reaches over 180 countries worldwide. These items incorporate shared technologies from , such as Extreme Protection Technology (XPT), which enhances durability against dust and water in demanding outdoor conditions. In recent years, the focus has shifted toward battery-electric tools to align with Makita's strategy, following the phase-out of gas-powered production in 2022. Sustainability efforts include reducing plastic in packaging and promoting recyclable materials, with initiatives to minimize environmental impact through integration in products starting around 2021.

Legacy

Innovations in chainsaw technology

Dolmar's most seminal contribution to chainsaw technology was the development of the world's first practical gasoline-powered in , the Type A model equipped with an 8 hp . This innovation shifted chainsaws from cumbersome electric and steam-driven precursors to portable, fuel-efficient tools suitable for forestry work, with the 58 kg two-man saw becoming the first series-produced model of its kind globally. In the , Dolmar advanced ergonomic design, including the introduction of the dual-mass vibration damper system in 1972, which minimized operator fatigue and hand-arm vibration syndrome risks. These features represented a conceptual leap toward user-centered engineering, prioritizing comfort in prolonged use while maintaining cutting efficiency. In the , Dolmar contributed to chainsaw safety by integrating inertia-activated into their models, a that halts the chain during kickback events to prevent injuries. This development built on emerging safety standards, enhancing operator protection in high-risk logging environments. The 1980s saw Dolmar experiment with prototypes for , introducing the first injection in 1987 to improve and engine performance, although widespread commercialization followed under Makita's ownership. Throughout its , Dolmar secured numerous patents for innovations, including early mechanisms for chain tensioning and braking systems that influenced industry standards.

Market position and brand discontinuation

During the 1970s and 1980s, Sachs-Dolmar established a strong presence in the European market, producing reliable gasoline-powered models that competed directly with established brands like and . The company's products were positioned as durable professional-grade tools, emphasizing power and build quality suitable for and heavy-duty applications. Following 's acquisition of Sachs-Dolmar in 1991 and the subsequent to Dolmar , the independent Dolmar brand began a gradual phase-out in key regions. In , Dolmar-branded products were largely discontinued by the early 2010s, with sales transitioning fully to Makita labeling to streamline the portfolio. By , Makita officially shifted away from the Dolmar name in most global markets, integrating the lineup under its own brand while continuing production at the facility. Gasoline-powered production ceased entirely in 2022, marking the end of engine-driven models as Makita prioritized cordless outdoor power equipment. Historically, the German plant under Dolmar and produced over 10 million units of chainsaws and related equipment by 2024. Parts and service support for legacy Dolmar models remain available through 's global network. The Hamburg headquarters now operates as Makita Engineering Germany , focusing on cordless outdoor power equipment as of 2024.

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