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Flashpoint

''Flashpoint'' or ''flash point'' may refer to: In business and technology, it may refer to entities such as the Flashpoint cybersecurity company or the . In and , it includes various works across , , literature, music, television, and video games.

General uses

Scientific definition

In and , the of a is defined as the lowest , corrected to standard of 101.3 kPa, at which the application of an ignition source causes the vapors of the to ignite momentarily in air, forming a of but not necessarily sustaining . This property indicates the and potential hazard of the substance, as it reflects the temperature at which sufficient vapor concentration is achieved to form a with air near the liquid surface. Flash points are determined through standardized tests to ensure consistency and reproducibility. The Pensky-Martens closed-cup , outlined in ASTM D93, involves heating a sample in a sealed cup while introducing periodic ignition sources, suitable for a wide range of products, solvents, and with flash points from 40°C to 370°C. In contrast, the Cleveland open-cup per ASTM D92 measures flash points above 79°C by gradually heating the sample in an open vessel and applying a test flame, commonly used for heavier fuels and lubricants where higher temperatures are expected. These methods differ in their apparatus—closed-cup tests simulate contained environments to minimize vapor loss, yielding lower flash point values than open-cup tests under similar conditions. The is distinct from related ignition properties. The fire point, typically 5–10°C higher than the , is the lowest at which the vapors sustain burning for at least five seconds after ignition, indicating the onset of persistent . , on the other hand, is the minimum at which the substance ignites spontaneously without an external ignition source, often much higher (e.g., 200–500°C for common hydrocarbons) and relevant for enclosed or high-heat scenarios. Factors such as , oxygen concentration, and impurities influence the ; for instance, increased raises the by reducing , while higher oxygen levels can lower it by enhancing flammability. In safety applications, the plays a critical role in classifying and regulating hazardous materials. Under NFPA 30, liquids with flash points below 37.8°C (100°F) are categorized as I flammable, subdivided into IA (<22.8°C and boiling point <37.8°C), IB (<37.8°C and boiling point >37.8°C), and IC (22.8–37.8°C), while those with flash points from 37.8–93°C are II combustibles, requiring specific storage, handling, and measures to mitigate ignition risks. For transportation, the classifies liquids with flash points not exceeding 60°C as 3 flammable liquids, dictating , labeling, and shipping protocols to prevent accidents during . These classifications guide storage guidelines, such as ventilation requirements and separation distances, ensuring safe industrial and commercial use. The concept of flash point emerged in the mid-19th century amid growing concerns over in the nascent , particularly for illuminating oils like . Early research focused on preventing explosions in lamps, leading to the development of initial testing apparatus; for example, the Pensky-Martens closed-cup tester was introduced in around 1870 to standardize measurements for fuel quality and hazard assessment. This built on prior experiments with volatile hydrocarbons, contributing to formalized safety standards by the late 1800s.

Geopolitical term

In and , a flashpoint denotes a critical location, situation, or dispute where underlying tensions hold the strong potential to rapidly escalate into armed conflict or broader , often serving as a catalyst for regional or global instability. This metaphorical application draws from the scientific definition of a flashpoint as the minimum temperature at which a substance's vapors ignite, symbolizing how accumulated pressures in human affairs can suddenly "combust" into violence. The term's figurative usage originated in the mid-20th century, with the earliest recorded metaphorical applications appearing around 1955, amid rising anxieties. The concept evolved within during the , where it was frequently invoked in and policy discourse to describe hotspots of rivalry, such as divided or contested borders in . Early prominent examples include the crises of the , particularly the 1954–1955 and confrontations, in which artillery bombardments of Taiwanese-held islands like and Matsu, coupled with U.S. naval interventions, risked drawing major powers into direct warfare. Similarly, the (DMZ), established by the 1953 armistice, has endured as a flashpoint due to recurrent incursions, tunnel infiltrations, and North Korea's nuclear provocations, maintaining a state of perpetual alert along the heavily fortified 38th parallel. Post-2010 developments in the further illustrate the term's application, with escalating disputes over features like the —triggered by the 2012 standoff between and Philippine vessels—highlighting maritime territorial claims amid China's "nine-dash line" assertions. Several interconnected factors typically contribute to the formation of geopolitical flashpoints, including unresolved territorial disputes, scarcity of vital resources like fisheries or hydrocarbons, and deep-seated ideological or ethnic divisions that amplify mistrust among states. For instance, resource competition in the exacerbates territorial frictions, while ideological clashes in stem from post-colonial divisions. These dynamics underscore the fragility of such areas, where seemingly minor incidents—such as naval encounters or border skirmishes—can spiral due to alliance commitments or domestic political pressures. Conflict prevention strategies emphasize diplomacy and deterrence as key tools: multilateral negotiations, , and strategic alliances help de-escalate risks by fostering dialogue and signaling resolve, as seen in U.S.-led deterrence during the crises. Think tanks like the highlight how preventive diplomacy, including track-two talks and agreements, has historically mitigated escalation in volatile zones. In the modern context up to , flashpoints remain prevalent amid shifting global power dynamics. The Ukraine-Russia border exemplifies this, evolving from the 2014 annexation of into a full-scale in , with Russian advances in eastern regions like continuing to pose risks of involvement and energy disruptions across . As of November , the has documented 53,006 civilian casualties, including 14,534 deaths, since Russia's full-scale in , underscoring the humanitarian toll and broader implications for international norms. In the , proxy conflicts—such as those involving Iran-supported militias in and against and interests—have intensified, with 2024–2025 escalations including Houthi attacks on shipping and strikes on Iranian assets, creating multiple interconnected flashpoints. Analyses from the warn that these tensions, fueled by proxy warfare and resource rivalries, could draw in external powers, necessitating renewed diplomatic efforts like those under UN auspices to avert wider conflagration.

Business and technology

Flashpoint (cybersecurity company)

Flashpoint is a cybersecurity company specializing in threat intelligence, founded in 2010 in by Josh Lefkowitz, Evan Kohlmann, and Josh Devon. The company emerged from efforts to monitor online extremism and cyber threats, initially focusing on collection from the deep and . Over the years, Flashpoint has grown significantly, securing key funding rounds such as a $10 million Series B in 2016 led by Partners and a $28 million Series C in 2017 from Georgian Partners. By 2025, the firm employs approximately 400 people and has expanded operations, including partnerships in such as a 2025 collaboration with firm to enhance OSINT capabilities. The company's core platform, Flashpoint Ignite, collects and analyzes data from the , , underground forums, and other sources to provide actionable insights on cyber threats. Services include group monitoring, where Flashpoint tracks affiliates and tactics through forum chatter; fraud detection via credential and financial threat analysis; and geopolitical for physical and . The platform integrates with (SIEM) systems to enable real-time threat response. Flashpoint's human-led collection and AI-driven tools emphasize primary source verification, distinguishing it from automated scraping methods. Flashpoint publishes annual reports, including the 2025 Global Threat Intelligence Report, which highlights escalating cyber risks such as a 246% increase in disclosures and rising infostealer activity. The firm has contributed analyses to major incidents, such as attributing tactics in the 2020 to state-sponsored actors through dark web monitoring and providing insights on the DarkSide variant linked to the 2021 breach. Flashpoint serves companies, global technology firms, and allied governments, powering for . It earns high marks in industry evaluations, with a rating in Gartner's 2025 Peer Insights for security threat intelligence products and services. Regarding data practices, Flashpoint maintains with GDPR and 2 standards, addressing concerns in web through structured request processes and ethical guidelines.

Flashpoint Archive

The is an open-source preservation project dedicated to archiving and emulating browser-based games and animations, particularly those created with and other discontinued web technologies. Initiated in December 2017 by Australian developer Ben Latimore, known online as BlueMaxima, the project emerged in response to Adobe's July 2017 announcement of ending Flash support by December 2020, aiming to safeguard internet cultural artifacts before widespread inaccessibility. It employs a combination of legacy plugins, emulators such as Ruffle for Flash content, and custom software to enable playback without original runtimes. Key features include a curated, searchable library exceeding 212,000 entries as of 2025, comprising approximately 180,000 games and 32,500 animations across over 95 platforms, from and to Shockwave and . The project offers multiple editions: Flashpoint Ultimate, a comprehensive 2.28 TB offline package for complete archival access; and Flashpoint Infinity, a lightweight 1.9 MB downloader that expands via on-demand acquisition of content, supporting unlimited browsing without after initial setup. It provides a portable launcher compatible primarily with and later, with limited support for macOS and , ensuring no online connectivity is required for playback once installed. Development is community-driven, with hundreds of global contributors submitting curations via repositories, where the launcher and database tools receive ongoing updates, including integrations for emerging emulators through 2025. The project navigates legal challenges by focusing on —content from defunct sites or unmaintained works—and invoking principles for non-commercial preservation, avoiding active copyrights where possible through curation guidelines that reject protected material. Flashpoint has significantly impacted digital heritage by preserving ephemera from the 1990s to 2010s web era, including that defined early online entertainment, and collaborates with the to host and distribute content via torrents and mirrors. By 2025, its database spans over 2 TB, enabling access to otherwise lost works and serving as a playable museum for researchers and enthusiasts. Among its holdings are playable versions of notable commercial titles from the video games era, bridging preservation with historical study. Challenges include frequent antivirus false positives, particularly from tools like , which flag the large executables as threats despite their benign nature, requiring users to whitelist files or adjust settings. Additionally, the shift from to and other formats has necessitated ongoing emulator adaptations, though incomplete compatibility persists for some legacy content.

Arts and media

Comics

Flashpoint is a 2011 comic book crossover event published by DC Comics, centered on a five-issue written by with artwork by . The story follows Barry Allen, the , who alters the timeline by traveling back to prevent his mother's murder, resulting in a dystopian where global catastrophe looms. In this warped world, is devastated by an escalating war between Aquaman's Atlantean forces and Wonder Woman's , threatening nuclear escalation and worldwide destruction. Barry, stripped of his powers initially, teams up with altered versions of to restore the original timeline before irreversible damage occurs. The miniseries features significant character reimaginings that highlight the event's thematic exploration of consequences and identity. , Bruce's father, becomes a brutal Batman after failing to save his son from the (revealed as a scarred Dent's wife); is imprisoned and emaciated, having been raised in secret by the government; and emerges as a central heroic figure, collaborating with the U.S. president to avert global war. These changes underscore the narrative's focus on a fractured , with over 60 tie-in issues expanding on subplots like the Amazon-Atlantean conflict and individual hero arcs, such as Flashpoint: Batman - Knight of Vengeance and Flashpoint: Project Superman. The event's climax sees Barry sacrificing the altered timeline to reboot the continuity, paving the way for the 2011 relaunch known as , which reset 52 ongoing series to issue #1 with updated origins and histories. Publication of the core series ran from May to 2011, achieving strong commercial success with the first issue selling approximately 87,000 copies to direct market retailers, ranking second for the month behind Marvel's Fear Itself #2. Overall, the Flashpoint line, including tie-ins, exceeded 2 million units sold, reflecting its impact as one of DC's top-selling events of the era. Critical reception praised Johns' storytelling for blending high-stakes action with emotional depth, particularly Barry's personal stakes, though some noted the tie-ins' variable quality. Sequels and spin-offs have revisited the Flashpoint universe in limited capacities. Flashpoint Beyond, a six-issue miniseries launched in April 2022, was co-written by Jeremy Adams, Tim Sheridan, and , with art by various artists including Xermanico. It follows Batman navigating remnants of the shattered timeline, aided by a group called the , whose time-manipulating efforts risk further multiversal instability. In 2024, DC released Absolute Flashpoint, a prestige hardcover edition of the original miniseries featuring a new cover, an introduction by , and behind-the-scenes material, aimed at archival presentation. Beyond the DC event, "Flashpoint" appears in minor contexts in other comics. In the Star Wars Legends continuity, Flashpoint denotes an airless planet orbiting close to its star, featured in expanded universe stories like Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic - Flashpoint. However, the term's primary association remains the 2011 DC storyline. The legacy of Flashpoint endures through its role in reshaping DC's publishing strategy, with introducing younger heroes and streamlined continuities that influenced subsequent eras like Rebirth. Fan reception highlights its narrative innovation, often cited as a pivotal "" tale, and it inspired an animated adaptation, : The Flashpoint Paradox (2013), which loosely adapts the core premise while emphasizing the war's devastation.

Film

The first film titled Flashpoint was a 1973 Australian drama directed by Brian Hannant. Set in the remote mining town of Mount Newman, it follows a young worker named David (played by ) who navigates personal tensions and insecurities among his colleagues amid a stark imbalance in the isolated . Produced on a low budget as part of the Australian Film Television and Radio School's initiatives, the film explores themes of and human relationships in harsh industrial environments. In 1984, an American neo-Western action thriller titled Flashpoint was released, marking the directorial debut of . Starring as loggerhead border patrolman Robert "Loggins" and as his partner Eddie Gordon, the plot centers on the duo discovering a buried 1963 jeep containing a , a , and $800,000 in cash linked to a presidential assassination cover-up. The film blends investigative suspense with action, highlighting themes of corruption and moral dilemmas among . It received mixed reviews for its pacing but praise for the leads' chemistry and atmospheric tension. A 1998 American adult film titled Flashpoint, directed by Brad Armstrong and produced by Wicked Pictures, is an erotic thriller centered on firefighters grappling with grief and desire following a colleague's death in an explosion. Featuring performers Jenna Jameson and Jill Kelly in lead roles, it emphasizes dramatic storytelling within the genre, including interpersonal conflicts at a fire station. The production was notable for its high sales, reportedly the best-selling adult video of its time, and garnered multiple AVN Award nominations, including for Best Film. The 2007 Hong Kong action film (known internationally as Flash Point of Rebirth), directed by , stars as hot-tempered detective Ma Jun, who pursues a syndicate while honing his martial arts skills. The narrative incorporates undercover operations and culminates in innovative fight sequences blending , , and , showcasing Yen's choreography expertise. Released by Emperor Motion Pictures, it grossed approximately HK$9 million (about $1.16 million USD) in , contributing to Yen's rising international profile. Critics highlighted its visceral action and technical precision in combat scenes. Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox, a animated directed by , adapts the DC Comics storyline where Barry Allen/The Flash (voiced by ) alters the timeline to prevent his mother's murder, resulting in a dystopian world war between altered versions of and . Produced by with a budget of $3.5 million, it features a voice cast including as , as /Batman, and as . The film stays faithful to the comic's plot of timeline restoration through alliances with alternate heroes like (voiced by ). Widely acclaimed for its fluid animation, mature themes, and high-stakes action, it holds an 8.1/10 rating on and is considered a standout in the line. Plans for a live-action film of Flashpoint were announced around 2017 as part of the , with initial scripting by and potential involvement of directors like before shifting. By 2023, elements were incorporated into The Flash starring , but a dedicated Flashpoint project has languished in amid DC's reboots under , with no confirmed production as of 2025.

Literature

Several novels titled Flashpoint or Flash Point have been published, spanning genres such as , , and . These works often explore themes of crisis, intrigue, and societal tension, using the title to evoke moments of intense conflict or turning points. Flashpoint (1974) by Michael Gilbert is a centered on legal intrigue and . The story follows Jonas Killey, a tenacious small-time solicitor obsessed with discrediting the rising politician Meredith Dylan by accusing him of theft and corruption. As Killey digs deeper, the case uncovers a larger involving political scandals and covert operations, drawing parallels to real-world events like the Watergate affair. This novel forms part of Gilbert's series featuring solicitor protagonists, highlighting the author's expertise in courtroom drama and moral ambiguity. Flash Point (2012) by is a set in a dystopian near-future ravaged by an . The , , a high school senior supporting her family, joins a high-stakes show called Flash Point, where teenage contestants face simulated crises broadcast for public betting and entertainment. As the challenges escalate from virtual to potentially real dangers, the novel examines themes of desperation, media exploitation, and survival in a fractured society. Kress, a and Award-winning author, adapts her speculative style to audiences, emphasizing ethical dilemmas in a fame-obsessed world. In the realm of political thrillers, Tom Clancy Flash Point (2023) by Don Bentley continues the Jack Ryan Jr. series with a high-tension narrative about intelligence operations and global conflict. Jack Ryan Jr. leads a Campus surveillance mission that spirals into chaos when it uncovers a covert plot threatening to ignite war between the United States and Russia. The book delves into themes of terrorism, espionage, and the fragility of international relations, praised for its timely depiction of cyber threats and geopolitical flashpoints. As part of the estate-authorized Clancy universe, it maintains the series' focus on military strategy and heroism. Other print works include short stories titled "Flashpoint" in military fiction anthologies, such as contributions to collections inspired by Tom Clancy's style, though no dedicated 2020 anthology by his estate exists under that exact title. These pieces typically feature tactical scenarios and crisis interventions, echoing the novels' emphasis on pivotal moments in high-stakes environments.

Music

Flashpoint is the title of several musical releases, most notably a prominent live album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones. Released on April 11, 1991, by Virgin Records, it is a double album compiled from performances during the band's Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour in 1989 and 1990, marking their first live recording since 1982's Still Life. The album features 26 tracks, blending classic hits with covers and two new studio recordings: the protest song "Highwire," addressing the Gulf War, and the funk-influenced "Sex Drive." Notable live performances include energetic renditions of "Tumbling Dice," "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction," "Sympathy for the Devil," and "Gimme Shelter," capturing the band's raw stage energy with contributions from keyboardist Chuck Leavell and horn section the Kick Horns. Critically, Flashpoint received mixed to positive reviews for its vigorous documentation of the band's comeback tour, with praise for the guitar interplay between Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, and Ronnie Wood, though some noted it as a standard live effort without groundbreaking innovation. Commercially, it peaked at number 16 on the Billboard 200 chart and was certified gold by the RIAA for sales exceeding 500,000 copies in the United States. In the United Kingdom, it reached number 6 on the UK Albums Chart. Other albums bearing the title include Flashpoint (2005), a release by drummer Steve Smith alongside saxophonist , pianist Aydin Esen, and bassist Anthony Jackson. Recorded in the , the album explores and contemporary styles through original compositions like the title track "Flashpoint" and "Dr. Um," emphasizing and rhythmic complexity; it earned favorable notices for its blend of technical prowess and accessibility. Songs titled "Flashpoint" appear in various genres, such as the track by from their 1995 breakthrough album Demanufacture, which critiques technological with aggressive riffs and elements; the song contributed to the album's critical acclaim as a genre-defining work. Similarly, Christian metal band Whitecross included a song "Flashpoint" on their 1991 album Triumphant Return, featuring uplifting lyrics amid heavy guitar-driven arrangements.

Television

The Canadian police procedural drama Flashpoint aired from 2008 to 2012, focusing on the Strategic Response Unit (SRU), an elite tactical team handling high-risk crisis negotiations and interventions in . Created by Mark Ellis and , the series starred as Ed Lane, the team's veteran sniper and tactician, alongside as lead negotiator Sgt. Gregory Parker. It ran for five seasons, comprising 75 episodes broadcast primarily on CTV in , with the first three seasons airing on in the United States and later seasons on . The show emphasized psychological depth in hostage situations, bomb threats, and gang conflicts, drawing inspiration from Toronto's real-life Emergency Task Force. Flashpoint received critical acclaim, winning multiple , including Best Dramatic Series in 2009, along with honors for best direction and performance. The series concluded with a two-part finale on December 13, 2012, resolving ongoing character arcs amid a citywide terrorist threat. Episodes titled "Flashpoint" have appeared in other series, often involving alternate realities or pivotal crises. In the CW's The Flash (2016), the Season 3 premiere depicts superhero Barry Allen () creating an altered timeline by preventing his mother's murder, leading to unintended consequences like shifted identities and threats within the continuity. This episode, directed by Jesse Warn, explores themes of regret and paradox, setting up the season's narrative arc. Similarly, while no Stargate franchise episode bears the exact title, actors from Stargate SG-1 and guest-starred in Flashpoint episodes exploring high-stakes alternate scenarios, such as in Season 4's "Blue on Blue" (2011), which involves internal team conflicts during a hostage standoff. A separate program titled FlashPoint, hosted by Gene Bailey, debuted as a conservative in 2020 and continues airing weekly episodes through 2025 on platforms including and The Victory Channel. The series features discussions on current events, , and , with guests such as pastors Hank Kunneman and analyzing topics like elections and cultural issues from a faith-based . By November 2025, it has produced over 300 episodes, including live events and on-demand replays, maintaining a format of news breakdowns and guest interviews. Minor references to "flashpoint" scenarios appear in procedural dramas like Law & Order variants, such as brief plot elements in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit episodes involving escalating crises, though no standalone episode carries the title.

Video games

Several video games and game modes incorporate "Flashpoint" in their titles or mechanics, spanning genres from tactical RPGs to battle royales and simulations. Cyber Knights: Flashpoint is a turn-based tactics RPG developed by Trese Brothers Games, set in a cyberpunk world where players lead a team of mercenaries on hacking, heist, and combat missions. Released in full on June 2, 2025, following early access, the game features deep character customization, stealth and tactical combat, and a Power Level system that scales mission difficulty based on team progress and completed objectives, ensuring escalating challenges as players advance. It has received very positive reviews on Steam, with 93% approval from over 1,900 users praising its strategic depth and replayability. In , Flashpoint is a limited-time mode introduced by in Season 6 on October 6, 2020, where teams compete to capture and hold rotating points while a shrinking accelerates gameplay, and special Flashpoint zones provide health and shield regeneration. The mode emphasizes positioning and quick engagements without healing items, creating intense final circles, and it returned in the event from April 19 to May 3, 2022, on the Olympus map. Elements of Flashpoint zones also appeared in the Ultra Zones mode on April 21, 2023, enhancing standard with multiple regeneration areas. EVE Online features Flashpoint sites as procedural combat anomalies, particularly and Flashpoints tied to the storyline, spawning in null-sec and Pochven regions for PvE missions involving fleet coordination against NPC structures and ships. Introduced in the 2019-2020 expansions, these events encourage community-driven PvP as players defend or contest sites in lawless space, with respawn mechanics updated in patches like 20.11 to maintain three active sites per system. Flashpoint: Worlds Collide is a superhero simulator developed by Varis Studios, released in June 2023, where players control speedster characters inspired by DC's The Flash, training to increase speed stats, battling villains, and unlocking suits through progression. The game includes redeemable codes for EXP boosts and cash to accelerate upgrades, with 2025 updates adding new suits and rebirth mechanics for advanced play. Halo: Flashpoint serves as a by Mantic Games, tying into the universe with fireteam-scale skirmishes and arena battles using pre-painted miniatures of Spartans, , and Banished forces. Launched in 2024 with expansions like in early 2025, it features objective-based scenarios and special order cards for tactical depth, announced for ongoing releases through 2025. Other notable entries include Flash Point: Online FPS, an multiplayer released in 2019 by Greedy Games, focusing on competitive battles across varied terrains with customizable loadouts. Additionally, the project enables preservation and play of thousands of discontinued web-based Flash games from the 2000s-2010s era, serving as an interactive archive rather than a single title.

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