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Goodwill

Goodwill Industries International is a federation of independent, community-based non-profit organizations founded in 1902 by Methodist minister Rev. Edgar J. Helms in Boston, Massachusetts, which collects donated used clothing, household items, and other goods to sell through a network of thrift stores, channeling the resulting revenue into vocational training, job placement, and rehabilitation services targeted at individuals with disabilities and other employment barriers.^[1]^[2] The organization's foundational philosophy emphasizes "a hand up, not a handout," promoting self-sufficiency through work programs that repurpose salvaged materials into marketable products while providing structured employment opportunities.^[1] By the early 21st century, Goodwill operated over 3,200 stores and employment centers across North America, supported by more than 150 autonomous affiliates that collectively generated annual revenues surpassing $6 billion in the late 2010s, predominantly from retail sales of donated merchandise processed in sorting and recycling facilities.^[3]^[4] These operations have enabled the placement of hundreds of thousands of participants into competitive jobs annually, with programs focusing on skill-building in areas like retail, custodial work, and light manufacturing, though outcomes vary by local affiliate and participant demographics.^[1] Goodwill has drawn significant scrutiny for its use of Section 14(c) certificates under the Fair Labor Standards Act, permitting sheltered workshops to pay workers with disabilities wages below the federal minimum—sometimes as low as 22 cents per hour based on productivity assessments—while the network amassed billions in revenue and local executives received compensation exceeding $500,000 annually in some cases.^[5]^[6]^[7] Critics, including disability rights advocates, argue this model perpetuates exploitation under the guise of opportunity, citing U.S. Department of Labor records of sub-dollar hourly rates persisting into the 2010s, though defenders maintain such arrangements provide essential access to paid work for those otherwise unemployable in open markets.^[5]^[8] Additional controversies include aggressive anti-union campaigns, with expenditures on consultants to thwart organizing efforts amid low base pay for many employees.^[7]

Goodwill Industries

Founding and Historical Development

Goodwill Industries was founded in 1902 in Boston, Massachusetts, by Rev. Edgar J. Helms, a Methodist minister serving at Morgan Memorial, an urban mission focused on aiding the poor and immigrants.^[9] Helms initiated the program by collecting discarded clothing and household goods from affluent neighborhoods, employing and training disadvantaged individuals—primarily immigrants and the unemployed—to repair the items, which were then resold at low prices or distributed to those in need, thereby providing both employment and affordable goods.^[10] This model emphasized self-sufficiency through work rather than direct charity, drawing on Helms' observation of poverty's roots in unemployment and skill deficits amid Boston's industrial-era challenges.^[11] The organization operated initially as an industrial initiative within the mission, expanding gradually through the early 20th century. By 1915, it adopted the name "Goodwill Industries," reflecting its core principle of transforming waste into opportunity via rehabilitation and job training.^[4] Helms, born in 1863 in Malone, New York, and educated at Cornell University and Boston University School of Theology, promoted the concept nationally; by 1920, fifteen independent Goodwill centers had formed across the United States, often under Methodist or interdenominational auspices.^[12] These early branches replicated the salvage-and-repair system, adapting to local needs while maintaining a focus on vocational training for the physically, mentally, and socially disabled.^[13] Post-World War I growth accelerated as Goodwill addressed returning veterans' reintegration and the Great Depression's unemployment surge, with Helms advocating for federal recognition of the model. In 1935, Goodwill Industries International was established to coordinate the autonomous regional entities, standardizing operations while preserving local control; by the 1940s, over 100 agencies existed, employing thousands in sorting, repairing, and retail activities.^[9] Helms' death in 1942 marked the end of the founding era, but the framework he developed—rooted in empirical rehabilitation outcomes rather than paternalistic aid—sustained expansion, evolving into a network of over 150 member organizations by the late 20th century.^[14]

Core Mission and Operational Model

Goodwill Industries operates as a network of over 150 autonomous, not-for-profit organizations across the United States and Canada, coordinated by Goodwill Industries International, with a core mission to enhance the dignity and quality of life for individuals facing disabilities, disadvantages, or other barriers to employment by enabling their fullest potential through work, training, and community integration.^[15] This mission, articulated by founder Rev. Edgar J. Helms in 1941, emphasizes self-sufficiency via vocational development rather than direct charity, distinguishing Goodwill from traditional relief efforts.^[16] The operational model functions as a social enterprise, generating revenue primarily through the collection, processing, and retail sale of donated goods such as clothing, household items, and electronics in thrift stores, which accounted for approximately 82% of total revenue for member organizations in recent fiscal reports.^[17] Donated items are sorted, priced, and sold at low costs to promote reuse and sustainability, while unsellable goods are recycled or repurposed to minimize waste; proceeds directly fund mission-driven programs without reliance on government grants as the primary source, though some locals receive supplemental funding.^[15] This self-sustaining structure integrates business efficiency—such as inventory management and store operations—with social outcomes, employing program participants in roles that build skills while serving the enterprise.^[18] Programs supported by this model include job training, placement services, career counseling, and vocational rehabilitation tailored to participants' needs, with an emphasis on measurable employment outcomes like sustained job retention; for instance, in 2022, the network facilitated over 250,000 individuals entering or retaining employment through these initiatives.^[19] Local autonomy allows adaptation to regional demands, such as urban job placement or rural recycling operations, but all align with the central ethos of work as the pathway to independence, avoiding indefinite aid.^[15] This hybrid approach—blending for-profit-like retail mechanics with nonprofit goals—has enabled scalability since the model's inception in 1902, when Helms began redeeming "rag babies" (bundles of discarded textiles) to employ Boston's impoverished.^[20]

Employment and Training Programs

Goodwill Industries' employment and training programs primarily target individuals with barriers to work, such as disabilities, low educational attainment, criminal justice involvement, and economic disadvantage, offering services through a network of over 150 independent local agencies in the United States and Canada.^[21] These initiatives emphasize vocational rehabilitation, skills acquisition, and job placement, integrating hands-on training with supportive services like case management and employer partnerships to facilitate workforce entry or advancement.^[21] In 2023, these programs assisted 1.7 million people nationwide, including 138,787 individuals with disabilities, 134,645 youth aged 16-24, 194,507 older job seekers aged 55 and above, 34,585 veterans or military family members, and 59,670 people impacted by the justice system.^[22] Core components include occupational skills training, which delivers technical competencies for targeted roles via practical, industry-specific instruction, and job readiness programs focusing on soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and time management.^[21] Supported employment services provide ongoing coaching and accommodations for those with disabilities, while on-the-job training embeds participants in real workplace environments to build experience.^[21] Career centers across locales offer personalized placement support, including resume development, mock interviews, and direct employer linkages, often at no cost to participants.^[21] Specialized training tracks address high-demand sectors; for instance, the Goodwill Digital Career Accelerator, launched in 2017, has enrolled 1.9 million learners in digital skills courses, including stackable Google Career Certificates in areas like project management and IT support.^[22] The Excel Center operates 41 tuition-free sites delivering high school diplomas alongside certifications, yielding a 39% earnings increase for graduates four years after completion based on longitudinal tracking.^[22] Emerging programs like the Clean Tech Accelerator, piloted in four cities including Atlanta and Detroit, train non-degree holders for renewable energy positions, with graduates averaging $20 per hour starting wages and plans to reach 7,000 participants over seven years.^[23]^[22] Outcomes include 141,237 new job placements in 2023, reflecting aggregated efforts from local agencies' career navigators who connect participants to sustainable opportunities.^[22] Regional variations exist due to agency autonomy—for example, Goodwill of North Georgia achieved 22,083 placements from 48,205 served job seekers that year—but national coordination via Goodwill Industries International ensures standardized frameworks for program evaluation and scalability.^[24] Programs like the Senior Community Service Employment Program further tailor subsidies and part-time work experience for those aged 55 and older, funded federally to bridge retirement gaps.^[25]

Financial Structure and Revenue Sources

Goodwill Industries operates as a federation of over 150 independent, community-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations across the United States and Canada, each managing its own finances without a centralized profit distribution or equity ownership structure typical of for-profit entities.^[26] These local entities retain autonomy in budgeting, with revenues primarily reinvested into mission-driven programs such as job training and employment services, adhering to nonprofit regulations that prioritize public benefit over shareholder returns.^[17] Financial reporting occurs via annual IRS Form 990 filings for each organization, ensuring transparency on revenue allocation, where typically 80% or more supports program expenses rather than administrative overhead.^[26]^[3] The primary revenue source for the network is retail sales of donated goods through thousands of thrift stores, accounting for approximately 75% of total income, or roughly $6.2 billion in recent aggregates.^[3] These sales encompass clothing, household items, electronics, and vehicles donated by the public, processed and priced by local operations to generate self-sustaining funds for social services.^[27] In fiscal year 2022, the collective network revenue reached $8.2 billion, reflecting growth from prior years amid increased thrift shopping trends post-2020.^[3] Retail revenue has been estimated at $6-7 billion annually as of 2024, driven by over 3,200 stores and online sales expansions.^[28] Secondary sources include government contracts for workforce development and rehabilitation services, contributing about 7% or $566 million network-wide in 2022, often through programs like the U.S. Department of Labor's training initiatives.^[3]^[29] Private donations and grants from individuals, corporations, and foundations add another 18% or $1.5 billion, supporting specific programs but forming a smaller share compared to earned retail income.^[3] Local variations exist; for instance, one regional affiliate reported 72% from retail and donated goods processing in its 2024 fiscal year, with the balance from contracts and contributions.^[30] This diversified yet retail-dominant model enables financial independence, though dependency on donations introduces variability tied to economic conditions and consumer behavior.^[26]

Achievements and Measurable Impacts

Goodwill Industries' network of affiliates facilitated job placements for 142,000 individuals into new employment opportunities in 2024, contributing to workforce integration for those facing barriers such as disabilities, lack of education, or economic disadvantage.^[31] This figure reflects the organization's core operational model, where revenue from retail sales—primarily from donated goods—funds employment services, with approximately 81% of collective network revenue directed toward such programs.^[26] In the same year, Goodwill served over 2.1 million people through career advancement, skills-building, and resource access initiatives, including targeted support for demographics like 56,373 veterans and military family members and 156,000 youths aged 16-24.^[31] Training efforts yielded measurable outcomes, with 21,000 individuals obtaining new degrees or credentials, alongside broader digital skills programs that have reached over 2 million participants since 2017.^[31] Environmentally, Goodwill's operations diverted 4.4 billion pounds of goods from landfills in 2024 by extending the lifecycle of donated items through resale and recycling, supporting sustainability alongside social goals.^[31] The organization sustains nearly 140,000 jobs for its own employees and operates 3,400 retail and outlet stores across the U.S. and Canada, generating economic activity while reinvesting proceeds into community programs.^[31] These impacts are aggregated across independent local affiliates under Goodwill Industries International, with data drawn from self-reported annual metrics.

Criticisms, Wage Practices, and Labor Controversies

Goodwill Industries has faced significant criticism for utilizing Section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), which permits employers holding special certificates from the U.S. Department of Labor to pay subminimum wages to workers with disabilities based on their assessed productivity relative to non-disabled workers. In 2013, an investigation revealed that certain Goodwill affiliates paid disabled workers as little as 22 cents per hour, with some earning under $3 per hour despite the federal minimum wage of $7.25, prompting accusations of exploitation given the organization's nonprofit status and revenue from donated goods sales exceeding billions annually.^[6] Goodwill defended the practice, arguing that subminimum wages enable job opportunities, training, and community integration for individuals who might otherwise be unemployable at full minimum wage, with data from the organization indicating that about 25,000 disabled workers received an average annualized salary of $29,000 in competitive roles.^[5] Critics, including the National Federation of the Blind, have contended that such wages undervalue disabled workers' contributions and contradict Goodwill's mission of empowerment, especially amid reports of multimillion-dollar executive compensation packages at some affiliates.^[8] For instance, in 2012, the CEO of Goodwill Industries-Suncoast earned $440,197, while disabled workers in similar programs received pennies per hour, fueling claims that the organization prioritizes administrative overhead over worker pay despite 88% of revenue reportedly reinvested in programs.^[32] By 2020, Goodwill Industries International allocated $15 million to 133 executives, averaging $113,000 per person, with the CEO receiving $469,247, a disparity highlighted in analyses questioning the alignment with charitable goals.^[33] Local variations exist; for example, Goodwill Industries of Greater Cleveland and East Central Ohio stated in 2023 that it has never paid below minimum wage, adhering to state laws and internal policies.^[34] Labor controversies have included multiple Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) lawsuits alleging disability discrimination and retaliation. In 2019, Goodwill Industries settled for $65,000 in back pay and damages after firing an employee for requesting accommodations for anxiety and depression, agreeing to policy revisions and training.^[35] In April 2025, Heart of Texas Goodwill Industries settled an EEOC suit for $75,000 over refusing to hire a deaf applicant for a production role, committing to equal opportunity assessments.^[36] Additional settlements include an $850,000 resolution in 2018 for sexual harassment claims involving eight employees, some with disabilities, at a New York affiliate.^[37] Reports have also accused some Goodwill entities of altering time records to underpay overtime and resisting unionization efforts, with expenditures on anti-union consultants drawing scrutiny for undermining worker organizing in thrift store and workshop settings.^[38]^[7] As of 2025, federal policy under Section 14(c) remains intact following the U.S. Department of Labor's withdrawal of a Biden-era proposal to phase it out, though certificates have declined from 424,000 workers in 2001 to 40,579 in 2024, and 16 states, including Oregon, have eliminated subminimum wages locally, forcing affected Goodwill operations to pay at least minimum wage.^[39]^[40] Critics argue the program entrenches poverty and low expectations for disabled individuals, while proponents, including some Goodwill representatives, emphasize its role in providing entry-level employment amid competitive labor markets.^[41]^[42] These practices reflect broader tensions in nonprofit employment models, where legal allowances for sheltered workshops clash with evolving standards for wage equity and worker dignity.

Recent Developments and Adaptations

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Goodwill Industries organizations across the United States temporarily closed retail stores and facilities starting in March 2020, implementing sanitization protocols, social distancing measures, and donation quarantines upon partial reopenings later that year.^[43]^[44] To sustain operations amid revenue losses from in-person sales, many affiliates established crisis funds, such as the Goodwill NY/NJ COVID Crisis Fund, and pivoted toward virtual job training and community partnerships for essential services.^[45]^[46] Post-pandemic, Goodwill has intensified workforce development initiatives amid rising demand for job training, with organizations like Goodwill Industries of the Southern Piedmont reporting increased utilization of free services such as resume preparation and career counseling as of July 2025.^[47] Strategic plans, including Goodwill of the Valleys' "Inspire 2026" framework updated in November 2024, emphasize employment readiness, placement, and sustained support to address poverty, building on federal investments like the $100 million allocated in December 2020 for job recovery tools.^[48]^[49] Affiliates have also refreshed mission statements, as seen in Goodwill of the Great Plains' June 2024 update, to sharpen focus on sustainable employment amid labor market shifts.^[50] A pivotal adaptation has been the expansion of e-commerce to diversify revenue and reach broader markets, exemplified by the October 2022 launch of GoodwillFinds, a centralized online marketplace aggregating donated items from multiple affiliates using fixed pricing and technology from partners like Salesforce Commerce Cloud.^[51]^[52] By November 2023, the platform had sold over 500,000 items and aimed for 1 million listings by year-end through onboarding more stores and eBay integrations, supporting job creation in processing and logistics for individuals with employment barriers.^[53]^[54] In October 2024, expansions like those at Goodwill of Central Iowa introduced skills training in digital inventory and shipping, aligning with circular economy goals by promoting secondhand sales and reducing landfill waste.^[55]^[56] These efforts address declining physical retail foot traffic while funding mission-driven programs, though challenges persist in scaling tech infrastructure across independent affiliates.^[57]

Goodwill in Accounting

Definition and Recognition Criteria

In accounting, goodwill is defined as an intangible asset that originates exclusively from business combinations, comprising the residual amount by which the aggregate of the acquisition-date fair value of consideration transferred, any non-controlling interest, and the fair value of the acquirer's previously held equity interest exceeds the net fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.^[58]^[59] This definition, established under IFRS 3 Business Combinations (revised 2008 and effective from July 1, 2009), reflects future economic benefits from synergies, assembled workforce, and other unidentifiable elements not qualifying as separate intangible assets.^[60] Similarly, under U.S. GAAP in ASC 805 Business Combinations (formerly SFAS 141R, effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008), goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net identifiable assets, excluding any deferred taxes or other adjustments not part of the residual calculation.^[61] Both frameworks prohibit recognition of internally generated goodwill, as it lacks verifiable measurement and separability, prioritizing empirical fair value assessments over subjective estimates.^[62] Recognition of goodwill occurs only at the acquisition date of a qualifying business combination, defined as the acquisition of control over a business (an integrated set of activities capable of generating outputs) rather than a group of assets.^[58] The process requires the acquirer to identify the acquirer (typically the entity issuing equity or paying cash), measure consideration at fair value (including contingent payments discounted to present value), and allocate it to identifiable assets and liabilities at their acquisition-date fair values, often involving independent appraisals for precision.^[63] Identifiable intangibles, such as customer relationships or patents, must first be recognized separately if they meet criteria of identifiability (contractual-legal or separable) and reliable measurement under ASC 350 or IAS 38, reducing the residual goodwill amount; failure to do so inflates goodwill artificially.^[64] If the net fair value exceeds consideration, a bargain purchase gain is recognized immediately in profit or loss after reassessing measurements, rather than as negative goodwill.^[59] Key recognition criteria emphasize verifiability and control: the asset must be probable of providing future economic benefits and its cost reliably measurable, with goodwill inherently indefinite-lived and not amortized post-recognition but subject to annual impairment testing.^[65] Differences between IFRS and U.S. GAAP include IFRS allowing a choice for measuring non-controlling interest at fair value or proportionate share of net assets (affecting goodwill quantum), while U.S. GAAP mandates fair value for all.^[66] These standards, converged post-2001 Norwalk Agreement, aim to enhance comparability by grounding recognition in observable transaction prices over book values, mitigating biases from historical cost underreporting.^[67]

Calculation Methods and Valuation

Goodwill is initially calculated as a residual amount in a business combination, representing the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. Under both US GAAP (ASC 805) and IFRS 3, the acquirer measures goodwill at the acquisition date as the difference between (a) the aggregate of the consideration transferred, measured at fair value, including any contingent consideration, and (b) the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, each measured at fair value.^[68]^[63] The consideration transferred typically includes cash, equity securities at fair value, and any previously held equity interests remeasured to fair value. Net identifiable assets exclude goodwill itself and are adjusted to fair value, often requiring independent appraisals for intangibles like customer relationships or technology. If the result is negative, indicating a bargain purchase, a gain is recognized rather than negative goodwill.^[69]^[68] Subsequent valuation of goodwill does not involve amortization under either US GAAP (ASC 350) or IFRS (IAS 36); instead, it is carried indefinitely unless impaired. Impairment testing determines the recoverable amount or fair value of the reporting unit (US GAAP) or cash-generating unit (IFRS), using methods such as the income approach—discounted cash flow projections—or the market approach, comparing to comparable entities or transactions.^[66]^[69] If the carrying amount exceeds this value, goodwill is written down to reflect the impairment loss.^[67] US GAAP requires annual impairment tests at the reporting unit level, with optional qualitative assessments to bypass quantitative steps if no impairment indicators exist, while IFRS mandates testing when impairment indicators arise but allows annual reviews for goodwill specifically. Differences in unit of account—reporting units under US GAAP versus cash-generating units under IFRS—can affect allocation and testing granularity.^[66]^[70]

Impairment Testing and Write-Downs

Under US GAAP, as codified in ASC 350, goodwill is not amortized but must be tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment.^[71] Entities may first perform an optional qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount; if so, a quantitative test is required.^[72] In the quantitative step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying amount, including goodwill; if the carrying amount exceeds fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess, limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that unit.^[73] Fair value is typically measured using methods such as discounted cash flows or market multiples, reflecting market participant assumptions.^[74] Under IFRS, IAS 36 requires goodwill to be allocated to cash-generating units (CGUs) or groups of CGUs expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination, with impairment tests conducted annually or upon indication of impairment.^[75] The test compares the CGU's carrying amount, including allocated goodwill, to its recoverable amount, defined as the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use (discounted future cash flows).^[76] If the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount, an impairment loss is allocated first to reduce goodwill to zero, then pro rata to other assets in the CGU within the scope of IAS 36.^[66] Unlike some other intangibles, goodwill impairments under both US GAAP and IFRS cannot be reversed in subsequent periods.^[66] Write-downs occur upon confirmation of impairment and reduce the carrying value of goodwill on the balance sheet, with the loss recognized immediately in the income statement as an operating expense, impacting net income and earnings per share.^[77] For example, in cases of economic downturns or underperformance, such as those observed during the 2008 financial crisis or post-acquisition integrations, companies have recorded substantial write-downs, like the $9.6 billion goodwill impairment by General Electric in 2018 tied to its power segment.^[78] These adjustments ensure financial statements reflect the diminished value of expected synergies or future economic benefits, though critics note that subjective inputs in valuation models can lead to delayed or inconsistent recognition.^[66] Public companies must disclose impairment testing assumptions, methods, and results in financial statement footnotes to provide transparency on potential risks.^[79]

Role in Mergers, Acquisitions, and Financial Reporting

In mergers and acquisitions, goodwill emerges as an intangible asset when the acquirer pays a purchase price exceeding the fair value of the target's identifiable net assets, encapsulating anticipated synergies, brand value, and other non-physical benefits not separately recognized.^[80]^[69] This excess is calculated under both US GAAP (ASC 805) and IFRS 3 as the consideration transferred plus any noncontrolling interest and fair value of previously held equity interests, minus the fair value of net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.^[81]^[82] For instance, in asset acquisitions or certain structured deals, adjustments may include seller's existing goodwill amortization, though negative goodwill (bargain purchases) results in a gain recognition rather than an asset.^[83] Post-acquisition, goodwill plays a central role in financial reporting by appearing on the balance sheet as an indefinite-lived asset, exempt from systematic amortization under US GAAP (ASC 350-20) and IFRS, to avoid arbitrary expense allocation that could distort earnings tied to acquisition timing.^[65]^[84] Instead, it requires annual impairment testing, or more frequently if triggering events like market declines or operational losses occur, comparing the carrying value of the associated reporting unit (US GAAP) or cash-generating unit (IFRS) to its fair value or recoverable amount.^[66]^[72] IFRS mandates testing in the acquisition year, unlike US GAAP, which defers unless indicators exist, potentially leading to delayed recognition of value erosion.^[66] Impairments reduce carrying value to fair value, directly hitting net income without tax deductibility in many jurisdictions, thus signaling overpayment risks or unmet synergies to investors.^[85]^[86] Significant impairments underscore goodwill's volatility in reporting; the 2001 AOL-Time Warner merger, valued at $147 billion, led to a $54 billion goodwill write-down in 2002 amid dot-com bust synergies failing to materialize.^[87] Similarly, post-2008 financial crisis acquisitions saw widespread impairments, with US firms recording over $200 billion cumulatively from 2008-2012, often tied to economic downturns eroding projected cash flows.^[87] These events highlight goodwill's function as a barometer of acquisition success, influencing debt covenants, credit ratings, and stock prices, though critics argue impairment models undervalue headroom in stable units, potentially masking ongoing overvaluations.^[88] In consolidated statements, goodwill allocation across units enables granular performance assessment but complicates divestitures, where portions may require remeasurement or deconsolidation adjustments under ASC 350 or IAS 36.^[85] Overall, its reporting role promotes transparency on intangible-driven growth while exposing firms to earnings volatility from subjective fair value estimates.^[89]

Criticisms and Economic Implications

Critics of goodwill accounting under the impairment-only model, adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) via Statement No. 142 in 2001, argue that it introduces excessive subjectivity into financial reporting by relying on management's estimates of future cash flows and discount rates to assess fair value, potentially enabling delayed recognition of economic declines.^[62] ^[90] This approach replaced systematic amortization, which critics contend better reflects goodwill's finite nature as synergies from acquisitions often erode over time due to competitive pressures or integration failures.^[91] Empirical studies indicate that impairment tests frequently understate losses, with managers exhibiting incentives to avoid write-downs to preserve reported earnings and avoid signaling acquisition underperformance.^[92] ^[93] The economic implications extend to distorted balance sheets and investor decisions, as unimpairment goodwill inflates asset values and metrics like return on assets, fostering overvaluation in equity markets.^[93] For instance, a review of empirical literature from 2000 to 2020 across 74 studies found that delayed impairments contribute to persistent overstatement of firm value, particularly in industries with high acquisition activity, leading to mispriced stocks and inefficient capital allocation.^[94] During economic downturns, such as the 2008 financial crisis, clustered goodwill write-downs—totaling over $200 billion across U.S. firms in 2008-2009—exposed these distortions, eroding net income and triggering covenant breaches in debt agreements.^[95] Proponents of reintroducing amortization, including some chief financial officers surveyed globally, assert it would enhance comparability and reduce volatility from lumpy impairment charges, though opponents counter that it could prematurely expense value that remains intact.^[96] ^[97] From a causal perspective, goodwill's indefinite-lived treatment incentivizes excessive mergers and acquisitions, as acquirers anticipate booking premiums without ongoing amortization drag on earnings, potentially amplifying bubble risks in bull markets.^[98] Research on European firms post-IFRS adoption, which mirrors U.S. impairment rules, shows that stricter enforcement reduces opportunistic non-impairments but does not eliminate managerial discretion in valuation assumptions, underscoring ongoing reliability concerns.^[92] These practices have prompted regulatory scrutiny, with the FASB simplifying tests in ASU 2017-04 by eliminating the second step of comparing implied fair value to carrying amount, yet criticisms persist that such tweaks fail to address core subjectivity.^[99] Overall, while goodwill captures real economic premiums from intangibles like brand synergies, its accounting treatment risks undermining the representational faithfulness of financial statements, as noted in FASB Concepts Statements.^[62]

Conceptual and Other Uses of Goodwill

Goodwill as Intangible Value in Business and Relations

Goodwill in business denotes the intangible benefits arising from a company's established reputation, customer loyalty, and relational networks, which enhance its competitive position and market value independent of tangible assets. This concept captures the premium value attached to a firm's good name and connections, often realized during business sales or partnerships where buyers pay more for proven relational advantages.^[100]^[101] Key components include brand recognition, repeat customer patronage, and supplier trust, all of which stem from consistent positive interactions rather than contractual obligations. For instance, strong customer relationships generate ongoing revenue streams through loyalty, reducing acquisition costs and stabilizing cash flows in volatile markets. Empirical analysis of firms in the Middle East and North Africa region indicates that elevated goodwill levels correlate with improved performance metrics, such as return on assets, particularly in larger enterprises where relational scale amplifies these effects.^[102]^[103] In business relations, goodwill functions as a relational capital that mitigates risks in transactions and fosters long-term collaborations, as parties value partners with histories of reliability over those reliant solely on formal agreements. This intangible fosters resilience against economic downturns by encouraging stakeholder forgiveness during setbacks, provided prior goodwill has been cultivated through transparent and ethical practices. Studies reviewing goodwill's decision usefulness highlight its role in signaling future profitability, though measurement challenges persist due to its subjective nature outside accounting frameworks.^[95] Critics note that overreliance on goodwill can mask operational weaknesses, as reputational damage from scandals can erode value rapidly, underscoring the need for substantive performance to underpin relational intangibles. Nonetheless, in competitive sectors like retail and services, firms with robust goodwill command higher valuations, with customer goodwill directly contributing to sale multiples exceeding asset-based benchmarks.^[104]

Legal and Philosophical Dimensions

In legal doctrine, goodwill constitutes an intangible asset representing the reputational advantage, customer loyalty, and established trade connections of a business, distinct from its physical or financial assets.^[105] ^[106] This value emerges from the business's name, location, and operational history, enabling it to attract patronage beyond mere product quality or price.^[107] Courts recognize goodwill as transferable in business sales or mergers, where it is quantified as the excess of purchase price over the fair market value of identifiable net assets, though its enforceability requires explicit contractual provisions to prevent disputes over post-sale competition.^[108] ^[109] Distinctions persist between enterprise goodwill, inherent to the business entity and alienable upon transfer, and personal goodwill, linked to individual proprietors or professionals (e.g., in law or medical practices), which may not survive the individual's departure and often complicates valuations in contexts like marital dissolution or bankruptcy.^[110] ^[111] Legal protections for goodwill include actions against passing off or trademark infringement, where unauthorized use dilutes the established reputation, as affirmed in common law jurisdictions emphasizing the prevention of consumer confusion.^[112] In the United States, for instance, the Uniform Commercial Code and case law under Section 106 of the Bankruptcy Code treat goodwill as a divisible asset in insolvency proceedings, subject to impairment if the business ceases operations.^[105] Philosophically, goodwill denotes a disposition of benevolent intention, most rigorously articulated by Immanuel Kant in his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), where "good will" is deemed the sole unqualified good, valuable intrinsically for its resolve to act from duty via the categorical imperative, irrespective of empirical outcomes or inclinations.^[113] Kant contrasts this with hypothetical imperatives driven by self-interest, arguing that moral worth derives not from talents, consequences, or even happiness, but from rational adherence to universalizable maxims.^[114] This deontological framework privileges intention over results, influencing subsequent ethical theories while critiqued for overlooking contextual virtues or relational dynamics present in Aristotelian eunoia (dispositional goodwill in rhetoric and friendship).^[115] In broader ethical discourse, goodwill manifests as a foundational element of interpersonal trust and cooperation, empirically linked to sustained social bonds but philosophically subordinate to principled action in Kantian realism.^[116]

Named Entities

People Associated with the Name

Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu (27 July 1948 – 12 March 2021) served as the king of the Zulu nation from 1968 until his death, reigning for over 50 years as the longest-serving Zulu monarch on record.^[117] Born in Nongoma, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, he was the eldest son of King Cyprian Bhekuzulu kaSolomon and ascended the throne at age 20 following his father's death, though his coronation occurred in 1971 after a period of exile for safety.^[118] Zwelithini acted as a cultural steward, promoting Zulu traditions amid South Africa's transition to democracy, and received a government stipend of approximately 1 million rand annually (around $60,000 USD in 2021 terms) to support his role.^[119] His reign involved advocacy for the underprivileged and preservation of Zulu heritage, though it faced challenges from modern political changes diminishing monarchical authority.^[120] Robert Goodwill (born 31 December 1956) is a British farmer and former Conservative Party politician who represented Scarborough and Whitby as a Member of Parliament from 2005 to 2024.^[121] Educated at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne with a degree in agriculture, he worked as a farmer before entering politics, winning the seat from Labour in the 2005 general election with a 1,245-vote majority that grew to over 10,000 by 2019.^[122] Goodwill served as Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from 2015 to 2018 and briefly as Minister of State at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in 2019, focusing on rural affairs and Brexit-related agricultural policy.^[121] He announced his retirement from Parliament in April 2023, citing a desire to step down after 18 years.^[122] Fred Goodwill (20 February 1874 – 1 May 1969) was a British Methodist missionary who worked in Bangalore, British India, from 1899 to 1924 as superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission.^[123] Born in Helperby, North Yorkshire, he trained at Handsworth Theological College in Birmingham before deploying to India, where he oversaw educational and evangelistic efforts among Tamil communities.^[123] His tenure contributed to local missionary infrastructure, including schools and churches, before he returned to England.^[124] Thomas "Tommy" Goodwill (7 September 1894 – 1 July 1916) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside left for Newcastle United in the Football League, appearing in 60 matches between 1913 and 1916.^[125] A former coal miner from Durham, he transitioned to full-time football before enlisting in the British Army at the outbreak of World War I, serving with the 16th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers.^[125] Goodwill was killed in action on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, France, at age 21.^[126]

Geographic Places

Several unincorporated communities in the United States are named Goodwill. These include locations in Louisiana's West Carroll Parish, Maryland's Worcester County, South Dakota's Roberts County, Texas's Washington County, and West Virginia's Mercer County.^[127]^[128] In Washington County, Texas, Goodwill emerged as a rural community in the late 19th century, centered around the Goodwill School established around 1890 for local Black students; the school operated until consolidation in the 1940s, after which the area's population declined due to migration and economic shifts in agriculture.^[129] The community, primarily agricultural, featured a post office from 1891 to 1905 and reflected patterns of rural settlement in post-Civil War Texas.^[129] Internationally, Goodwill denotes settlements in the Bahamas (located at approximately 22°31'N 73°52'W), Dominica (around 15°18'N 61°24'W), and Jamaica, often small rural or coastal areas with limited documented history beyond geographic coordinates.^[130]^[131]^[132]

References

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About - Goodwill Industries International
History. Goodwill was founded in Boston by Reverend Edgar J. Helms, a Methodist minister and early social innovator. Helms created the Goodwill philosophy of ...Find A Job · Advocate · Our Leadership · Policy Priorities
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Discover the History of Goodwill
Goodwill Industries International was founded in 1902 in Boston by Rev. Edgar J. Helms. Helms collected used household goods and clothing in wealthier areas ...
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Goodwill Industries International | Company Overview & News
Founded in 1902 and best known for its used goods stores, Goodwill Industries International also provides job training, employment placement services.
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Goodwill Industries International, Inc. - Company-Histories.com
Goodwill Industries was founded in 1902 by the Rev. Edgar James Helms, a Methodist minister who came to head the Unitarian Church's multidenominational Henry ...
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Does Goodwill Industries Exploit Disabled Workers? - Forbes
Jul 30, 2013 · An additional 25,000 disabled workers make an average annualized salary of $29,000, it says. Goodwill maintains that it's not exploiting workers ...
[6]
Some Disabled Workers Paid Just Pennies an Hour - CNBC
Jun 21, 2013 · Labor Department records show that some Goodwill workers in Pennsylvania earned wages as low as 22, 38 and 41 cents per hour in 2011. "If they ...
[7]
Nonprofit Giant Goodwill Spends Big to Crush Unionization Efforts
Oct 1, 2024 · While many employees struggle with low pay, Grazier's annual salary exceeds half a million dollars, as revealed in Goodwill's IRS 990 disclosure ...
[8]
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Dec 18, 2013 · Workers' wages have become a lightning rod issue recently. Fast-food employees have lobbied for an increase in the minimum wage.Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
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Goodwill was founded in 1902 by Rev. Edgar J. Helms, who collected used goods, trained the poor to repair them, and then resold or gave them to the people who ...
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Edgar Helms was a Cornell grad and ordained Methodist minister hunkered down in a South Boston outpost in 1902 fighting some of the city's worst poverty.
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Edgar James Helms, founding father of Goodwill Industries, was born in Malone, NY, in January 1863. 1889. Helms enrolls in Boston University Theological School.
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Edgar Helms is credited as the founder of the movement that would grow into Goodwill Industries® and was admired for his uncommon character and entrepreneurial ...
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[PDF] GOODWILL® FAQ
Through its entrepreneurial business model of collecting and selling donated goods, Goodwill helps communities repurpose usable items in environmentally.<|separator|>
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[19]
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Jun 22, 2018 · The dual nature of Goodwill's operating model—an integrated business enterprise and social mission—presents demanding leadership challenges.
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specifically the ones targeted by the Goodwill Clean Tech Accelerator — do not require college degrees and ...
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The GCTA gives you the hands-on experience you need to start a new career. Graduates of this program earn, on average, $20/hr or more in their first clean tech ...
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Sep 16, 2024 · In 2023 alone, Goodwill of North Georgia served 48,205 job seekers and successfully placed 22,083 people into jobs across the state.Missing: Industries statistics<|separator|>
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Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP)
Sign up and receive information on a range of topics including thrift shopping tips and inspiration, job and career advice, home organization ideas and stories ...Missing: details | Show results with:details
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training, education, job placement and other Goodwill services that helped them overcome barriers to opportunity. 130,162 people were employed by Goodwill in ...
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Financials - Goodwill 2023/2024 Annual Report
Sales of Goods Donated by the Community · Other Income or Losses, 1,802,000. TOTAL REVENUE, 63,691,000 ; PROGRAM EXPENSES · Contract Services, 3,167,000. TOTAL ...
[28]
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Jun 17, 2025 · Goodwill Industries International COO David Eagles told Retail Brew that the company's retail revenue was somewhere between six and $7 billion.
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[PDF] ACCOUNTNG ANALYSIS OF A GOODWILL INDUSTRIES ...
Jun 14, 2023 · Federal awards to Goodwill finance a third of their revenues consistently over the past three years at about $25 million. Goodwill Industries ...<|separator|>
[30]
[PDF] Financial Statements and Report of Independent Certified Public ...
Goodwill is supported from various sources. For the year ended June 30, 2024, operating revenue included retail sales and donated goods (72%), government ...
[31]
[PDF] pathways - Goodwill Industries
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Dec 15, 2022 · In 2020, Goodwill Industries International paid $15 million to 133 employees, averaging $113,000. The CEO received $469,247.Missing: criticism | Show results with:criticism
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Dec 12, 2023 · Goodwill Industries of Greater Cleveland and East Central Ohio has NEVER paid employees less than minimum wage. It is against our values and ...
[35]
Goodwill Industries to Pay $65,000 to Settle Disability Discrimination ...
Nov 18, 2019 · Under the consent decree settling the case, Goodwill will pay the former employee $65,000 in back pay and damages. The organization will ...
[36]
Heart of Texas Goodwill Industries to Pay $75000 in EEOC Disability ...
Apr 9, 2025 · The EEOC's lawsuit charged that Heart of Texas Goodwill refused to consider an applicant who is deaf for a production team member position at ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
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Jul 17, 2018 · Goodwill settled a sexual harassment lawsuit for $850,000 with eight employees, including young women with disabilities and two managers who ...Missing: controversies | Show results with:controversies
[38]
Not so Goodwill. When a for-profit company exploits your… - Medium
Aug 16, 2023 · Goodwill didn't pay proper wages, altered time records to lie about the time employees had worked, as well as not paying proper overtime. That's ...
[39]
WHD Drops Proposal to End Subminimum Wages for Workers With ...
Jul 7, 2025 · While the WHD acknowledged the significant decline in Section 14(c) certificates—which dropped from 424,000 in 2001 to 40,579 in 2024—the WHD ...Missing: Goodwill criticism 2023-2025
[40]
Is Goodwill Required to Pay Minimum Wage? - Willamette Week
Aug 10, 2025 · That said, time has marched on. As of 2025, 16 states have phased out the 14(c) subminimum wage for disabled workers. That includes Oregon, so ...Missing: criticism 2023-2025
[41]
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[42]
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Nov 21, 2023 · Section 14(c) of the FLSA, which established subminimum wage, is a policy that ensures people with disabilities remain in poverty.
[43]
A Note about the Coronavirus (COVID-19) to Our Shoppers, Donors ...
May 5, 2020 · As Goodwill organizations are slowly reopening in accordance with state and local guidance, there will be new sanitization and social distancing policies in ...
[44]
Goodwill Store Responds to Pandemic - The Portland Beacon
Dec 30, 2020 · As COVID restrictions were lifted and people continued donating goods, early on Goodwill quarantined donations for three days. Now they have ...
[45]
[PDF] Powering Through The Pandemic - Goodwill NYNJ
The pandemic greatly affected our retail business and revenue-funded services. In response, we established the Goodwill COVID Crisis Fund to help us deliver.
[46]
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As the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic forced nearly all Goodwill organizations to temporarily close retail locations and other facilities, many have formed ...
[47]
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[48]
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[49]
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Dec 17, 2020 · GII will become better equipped to provide and deploy essential supports and tools to Goodwill organizations on the ground. In addition to the ...Missing: adaptations | Show results with:adaptations<|separator|>
[50]
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Jun 28, 2024 · Updated statements bring Goodwill's employment-centered, sustainable mission more into focus. Goodwill of the Great Plains builds independence through ...Missing: developments | Show results with:developments
[51]
Goodwill launches an e-commerce site - Fortune
Oct 4, 2022 · GoodwillFinds, a new e-commerce version of the chain, has launched, offering everything from the used clothes that make up most of the store to oddities.Missing: adaptations | Show results with:adaptations
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Nov 15, 2023 · The online marketplace has already sold half a million items since October 2022, and is expanding rapidly. Built on Commerce Cloud, ...
[53]
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Nov 21, 2024 · GoodwillFinds offers a modern, fixed-price marketplace that integrates donations from participating Goodwills across the country into one cohesive shopping ...
[54]
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Mar 30, 2023 · GoodwillFinds wants to build on this momentum by onboarding more member stores to increase inventory listings.
[55]
E-commerce Expansion Supports Sustainability and Secondhand ...
Oct 31, 2024 · The E-commerce expansion will support sustainability through secondhand shopping and environmentally friendly shipping.
[56]
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Oct 22, 2023 · The nonprofit retailer helps provide jobs and training to those in need. But it needs revenue from online sales to help fund its charitable aims.
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IFRS 3 Business Combinations - IFRS Foundation
IFRS 3 Business Combinations. Follow ... recognises and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and ...
[59]
IFRS 3 — Business Combinations - IAS Plus
If the consideration transferred exceeds the net of the assets, liabilities and NCI, that excess is recognised as goodwill. If the consideration is lower than ...
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[PDF] Financial Accounting Standards Board - FASB
Recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase c.
[62]
Summary of Statement No. 142 - FASB
This Statement changes the unit of account for goodwill and takes a very different approach to how goodwill and other intangible assets are accounted for ...
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Feb 19, 2025 · This article discusses how goodwill, or a gain from a bargain purchase is initially recognised and measured under IFRS 3.
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[PDF] Intangibles — goodwill and other - EY
Aug 1, 2025 · Accounting for goodwill and intangible assets can involve various financial reporting issues, including determining the useful life and unit of ...
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This chapter addresses the accounting for goodwill after an acquisition. Under ASC 350-20, goodwill is not amortized. Rather, an entity's goodwill is subject ...
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Dec 2, 2022 · Like IFRS Accounting Standards, goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently if an impairment indicator is present.
[67]
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Goodwill is tested for impairment at the unit of account called the cash-generating unit (CGU). IAS 36 defines a CGU as “the smallest identifiable group of ...
[68]
2.6 Goodwill, bargain purchase gains, and consideration transferred
If so, the acquirer should determine the amount of goodwill by using the acquisition-date fair value of the acquiree's equity interests instead of the ...
[69]
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[71]
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Current guidance under Topic 350 requires an entity to test goodwill for impairment, on at least an annual basis, by comparing the fair value of a reporting ...
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An entity is required to test the carrying amount of a reporting unit's goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in accordance with ASC 350-20-35-28.
[73]
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The quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing it to its carrying amount (book value).
[74]
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SFAS 142 [codified in ASC 350-20] requires that goodwill be tested, at the reporting unit level, for impairment on an annual basis. An impairment test also ...
[75]
IAS 36 Impairment of Assets - IFRS Foundation
Whether goodwill is impaired is assessed by considering the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit(s) to which it is allocated. An impairment loss is ...
[76]
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IAS 36 ensures assets are not carried at more than their recoverable amount, which is the higher of fair value less disposal costs and value in use.
[77]
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Per accounting standards, goodwill is recorded as an intangible asset and evaluated periodically for any possible impairment in value.What is Goodwill Impairment? · How to Test if Impairment of...
[79]
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If the asset group was impaired, the impairment loss would be recognized prior to goodwill being tested for impairment. ASC 350-20-35-32. This requirement ...
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US GAAP and IFRS differ in defining control, business definition, pushdown accounting, and accounting for acquired operating leases and contingencies.
[82]
[PDF] Purchase Accounting Under GAAP & IFRS - SOA
Goodwill (or bargain purchase gain, under ASC Topic 805 (FAS 141R)) is equal to the excess of the consideration transferred (and noncontrolling interest, ...
[83]
How to Calculate Goodwill in M&A Deals and Merger Models (17:33)
By creating Goodwill, we ensure that Assets = Liabilities + Equity, i.e., that the Balance Sheet remains in balance. For example, if a Buyer pays $1000 for a ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[84]
Accounting for goodwill | ACCA Global
The proportionate share of net assets method calculates the goodwill attributable to the group only. Therefore, any impairment of goodwill should only be ...
[85]
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[86]
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Jan 15, 2025 · Goodwill appears on a company's balance sheet only when it's acquired through a merger or acquisition. When a business is purchased, the ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[87]
8 Real-World Goodwill Impairment Examples - Eton Venture Services
Nov 4, 2024 · In 2002, the AOL-Time Warner merger resulted in the largest goodwill impairment ever recorded, with a staggering $54 billion write-down.
[88]
Goodwill impairments may not identify impaired goodwill
Oct 8, 2019 · Goodwill impairments should help you assess whether a business acquisition has been successful and to hold management to account for acquisition decisions.The Goodwill Impairment Test · Why Is Headroom A Problem? · It Is All About The Level Of...<|control11|><|separator|>
[89]
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The potential harms of goodwill impairment avoidance
Based on this finding, we argue that avoiding the timely recognition of goodwill impairments leads to inflated accounting earnings and overvalued stock prices ...
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Their goodwill literature review is based on 74 empirical papers published in leading academic journals in the period. January 2000 to July 2020. They concluded ...
[95]
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This paper reviews the empirical literature on the determinants and decision usefulness of goodwill reporting.
[96]
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This study surveys a global sample of 352 chief financial officers (CFOs) to understand their perceptions of adopting a goodwill impairment-only approach ...
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Critics of an amortization-and-impairment approach claim that goodwill often does not decline in value on a straight-line basis over a specified maximum period ...
[98]
Goodwill impairment, M&A, and industry development—Empirical ...
Aug 24, 2023 · The paper finds that adopting the goodwill impairment test significantly increases firms' M&A incentives, as evidenced by a significant increase ...
[99]
Heads Up — FASB Eliminates Step 2 From the Goodwill Impairment ...
Feb 1, 2017 · The FASB issued ASU 2017-04,1 which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating step 2 from the goodwill impairment test.
[100]
Goodwill - Practical Law
An intangible asset, generally described as the benefit and advantage of a good name, reputation and connection of a business.
[101]
Goodwill in Business: Value & Impact
Mar 10, 2025 · Goodwill is the intangible value of a business, including brand, customer loyalty, and competitive advantage, beyond its tangible assets. It's ...
[102]
(PDF) Does goodwill improve firm performance? Evidence from the ...
Dec 4, 2017 · The results of our analysis show that high level of goodwill has a positive impact on firm performance in large firms. Yet, at small firms, goodwill was not ...
[103]
[PDF] THE ESSENCE OF GOODWILL IN DISCLOSING THE INTANGIBLE ...
Aug 31, 2024 · Goodwill encompasses aspects such as good reputation, customer loyalty, strong brand, effective management, good relationships with customers ...Missing: evidence | Show results with:evidence
[104]
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Customer goodwill is the value that good customer relations bring to your business. It is the value that a business owner can leverage when selling.
[105]
goodwill | Wex | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute
Goodwill refers to the good reputation or brand identification enjoyed by a commercial entity. In bankruptcy and other areas of law, goodwill is considered an ...
[106]
Goodwill - FindLaw Dictionary of Legal Terms
term: Goodwill. goodwill n. 1 : an intangible asset that is made up of the favor or prestige which a business has acquired beyond the mere value of what it ...
[107]
Goodwill—how does it arise and who owns it? | Legal Guidance
Goodwill is a broad concept which can be defined as the benefit and advantage of the good name, reputation and connection of a business.
[108]
[PDF] Goodwill—Definition and Elements in Law - Journal of Accountancy
Goodwill—Definition and Elements in Law. By L. L. Briggs. With the phenomenal growth of modern business, goodwill has.
[109]
Understanding Goodwill Sale Contracts in Business Transactions
Rating 5.0 (4,480) Apr 3, 2025 · A goodwill sale contract is a legal agreement outlining the sale of a business's intangible value—such as its reputation, brand, and customer ...Goodwill Law and Legal... · Personal vs. Corporate Goodwill · Valuating Goodwill
[110]
[PDF] Comment, PROFESSIONAL GOODWILL - Willoughby & Associates
The accounting concept of goodwill meas- ures or values goodwill, while the legal concept defines when the. interest exists.10 Courts addressing marital ...
[111]
The Dimensions of Goodwill - LawBiz
Feb 1, 2014 · “Goodwill” is the reputation, client base and client loyalty that have been created over the life of the practice.
[112]
GOODWILL - The Law Dictionary
The primary INTANGIBLE ASSET of a company, generally comprised of reputation, contact networks, intellectual property, and branding.
[113]
Kant's Concept of Good Will: The Unconditional Virtue
Nov 9, 2023 · Kant's exploration of 'good will' reveals it as the only inherently good thing, valuable not for its outcomes but for its pure intention to ...
[114]
(PDF) A Contemporary Analysis of Kant's Concept of Goodwill and ...
Aug 8, 2025 · This paper makes a contemporary appraisal of the concepts of the 'Goodwill' and the 'Categorical Imperative' in Kant's formalistic, deontological ethics.<|separator|>
[115]
Understanding Kant's Moral Philosophy: Reason, Goodwill, and
May 12, 2024 · Kant believed that if a behavior makes sense, it should be followed; if not, it is best to avoid it. As moral judgment is based solely on reason ...
[116]
"Goodwill Relationships" - Dr. Bill Baker
In its simplest form “goodwill” is “intending and extending good toward other people.” Dictionaries mention words like “friendly” and “benevolent.” On a basic ...
[117]
King Goodwill Zwelithini obituary | South Africa - The Guardian
Mar 22, 2021 · King Goodwill Zwelithini of the Zulu nation, who has died aged 72, was made part of a modern South Africa, while representing an old lineage and old practice.
[118]
Death of a Zulu king: 'He is planted, not buried' - BBC
Mar 18, 2021 · Five things about King Goodwill Zwelithini: · Named successor to the throne at just 20 years old in 1968 · Not crowned until 1971 because he went ...
[119]
South Africa's Goodwill Zwelithini: the Zulu king without a kingdom
Mar 12, 2021 · King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, who has died at the age of 72, was the longest reigning of all Zulu kings on record. This was the 50th year of his ...
[120]
In Memory of His Majesty King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu ...
King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu was a champion for the underprivileged. One of the defining characteristics of his reign was his interest in alleviating ...
[121]
Robert Goodwill - GOV.UK
Biography. Robert Goodwill was Minister of State at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from 5 March 2019 to 25 July 2019. He ...
[122]
Long-standing MP to step down at next general election - BBC
Apr 14, 2023 · Sir Robert Goodwill, 66, has held the seat for 18 years since winning it from Labour in the 2005 election. He served as a minister under David ...Missing: biography | Show results with:biography
[123]
TALE OF ANOTHER MISSIONARY - Deccan Herald
Dec 5, 2011 · Fred Goodwill was born in Helperby, North Yorkshire in 1874. The birth was registered at Great Ouseburn in the first quarter of 1874.
[124]
Journey through the spirit of Bangalore
Oct 27, 2014 · Fred Goodwill was a British missionary stationed in Bangalore between 1899 and 1924, working as Superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission ...
[125]
Tommy Goodwill - Newcastle United and the First World War
A former coal miner, Goodwill was a gifted outside-left who played 60 games for Newcastle United before losing his life on the opening day of the Battle of the ...
[126]
Private Thomas Goodwill (1894-1916) - Find a Grave Memorial
Regiment/Service: Northumberland Fusiliers, 16th Bn. English professional footballer who played as an outside left in the Football League for Newcastle United.Missing: Tommy | Show results with:Tommy
[127]
How many cities are called Goodwill in America? - Geotargit
There are 5 places named Goodwill in America. ... All places in the world called "Goodwill". Location Goodwill: Louisiana · Maryland · South Dakota · Texas · West ...
[128]
Goodwill - Places Named
Goodwill is the 13,774th most popular last name (surname) in the United States; frequency is 0.001%; percentile is 74.428 [SourceCBN] · Goodwill, Louisiana, ...
[129]
Goodwill, TX (Washington County) - Texas State Historical Association
Explore the history of Goodwill, a rural community in Washington County, Texas, including its origins, the Goodwill School, and the decline of the area.
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How many places are named Goodwill? - Geotargit
There are 5 places named Goodwill in America. There is one place named Goodwill in Jamaica. There is one place named Goodwill in Dominica. There is one place ...
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Goodwill Map | The Bahamas Google Satellite Maps - Maplandia.com
This place is situated in The Bahamas, its geographical coordinates are 22° 31' 0" North, 73° 52' 0" West and its original name (with diacritics) is Goodwill.
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Goodwill Map | Dominica Google Satellite Maps - Maplandia.com
This place is situated in Dominica, its geographical coordinates are 15° 18' 0" North, 61° 24' 0" West and its original name (with diacritics) is Goodwill. See ...