Fact-checked by Grok 2 weeks ago

Lu

Look up Lu in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Lu, Lü, or LU may refer to:

Personal names

Surnames

The surname Lu appears in multiple cultures, often as a romanization of characters from Chinese origin, with distinct etymologies tied to ancient states, places, or concepts. In Chinese contexts, it primarily corresponds to several hanzi characters, each with unique historical roots. The Chinese surname (盧 / 卢), romanized as lú in , traces its origins to the in the State of Qi. It derives from a fief named (盧) granted to Gao Xi (高傒), a nobleman who fled political turmoil and was enfeoffed in present-day province; his descendants adopted the name. This surname is among the top 50 most common in , held by millions. A variant, (魯 / 鲁), romanized as lǔ, originates from the ancient State of (魯國), established in the 11th century BCE in present-day and granted to Bo Qin, son of the , a key figure in the ; it carries connotations of "slow" or "clumsy" but became a prestigious lineage name for the duke's descendants. Another prominent variant is Lü (呂 / 吕), romanized as lǚ, approximately the 47th most common Chinese surname, shared by about 7 million people (0.44% of the population) as of 2020. Its character relates to ancient Chinese music theory, representing the "lü" pitch pipes—specifically the six even-numbered semitones in the traditional 12-tone lülü (律呂) system used for tuning instruments and establishing scales. The surname itself stems from the ancient State of Lü in present-day Henan province, enfeoffed to Boyi, a descendant of the Yan Emperor, during the Zhou dynasty; later branches adopted it widely. Notable historical figures include Lü Buwei (呂不韋), the influential merchant and chancellor of the Qin state in the 3rd century BCE who mentored the future First Emperor, and Lü Bu (呂布), the famed warrior and warlord of the late Eastern Han dynasty known from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In , the surname (often written as Lữ) derives directly from influence, particularly the character 呂 (Lü), adopted by ethnic communities and integrated into Vietnamese naming traditions during periods of migration and cultural exchange; it retains the musical and state-origin connotations of its counterpart. In , surnames romanized as are rare but can occur in older or non-standard transliterations of like 盧 (pronounced No in Korean, typically romanized as or Roh) or occasionally 劉 (, pronounced ), though modern Revised favors for the latter without "Lu" variants in common use.

Given names

In English and French-speaking contexts, Lu serves as a or for given names such as , , or , deriving from the Latin root meaning "light." This usage emphasizes brevity and affection, often appearing in informal settings or as a standalone name for girls, though it can be gender-neutral. Notable individuals include , known for her work in , and Brazilian singer Luciana "Lu" Andrade, who has performed in pop and genres. In Chinese culture, Lu functions as a unisex given name, typically written with characters like 盧 (lú), meaning "cabin" or "hut," or 魯 (lǔ), referring to an ancient state and implying "clumsy" or "uncultured" in classical contexts. It conveys simplicity or groundedness, aligning with traditional naming practices that prioritize meaningful hanzi. While less common as a standalone given name compared to compound forms, it appears in modern usage, such as in the name of actress Lu Yi (卢艺), a Shanghai-born performer recognized for roles in Chinese dramas. The name's versatility allows it to suit both males and females, reflecting broader trends in gender-neutral Chinese nomenclature. In Vietnamese tradition, appears as a masculine derived from Sino- 廬 (lư), meaning "" or "," echoing similar connotations to its counterpart. This usage highlights and , often in rural or historical naming patterns. Across cultures, Lu demonstrates , particularly in Western contexts where it ranks outside the top 1,000 for U.S. girls according to data through , with only 11 births recorded that year, indicating its rarity yet enduring appeal as a short, choice. In some Asian societies, the prevalence of Lu as a subtly influences its adoption as a given name, blending familial and personal identity.

Places

In Asia

In China, the ancient state of (魯) was a of the , founded around 1042 BCE and lasting until its conquest by the state of in 249 BCE. Located in southwestern Province around the modern city of (coordinates: 35°34′55″N 116°59′10″E), the state covered an area in the eastern plain at the foot of and served as an important cultural center. Established by the (Ji Dan), brother of King Wu, Lu was notable for its adherence to Zhou rituals and its role in preserving early ; it was one of the few states permitted to perform royal sacrifices. , the capital, remains a major historical site with a population of approximately 615,300 as of 2024, featuring archaeological remnants such as the Zhougongmiao tombs and the broader Lu cultural landscape, which underscores its enduring legacy in Chinese history. The state of Lu is particularly renowned as the birthplace of the philosopher (551–479 BCE), whose teachings on ethics, governance, and ritual profoundly influenced East Asian thought; served in Lu's government and drew from its traditions in developing . Archaeological excavations in and surrounding areas have uncovered artifacts and Zhou-era structures, providing evidence of Lu's administrative and ritual practices, including city walls and ancestral shrines that reflect its feudal organization. These sites, including the complex, continue to attract scholars and visitors, preserving the state's contributions to classical Chinese philosophy and historiography. In , "Lu" (lư) evokes historical references to , the first capital of an independent state during the Dinh dynasty (968–980 CE) and the (980–1009 CE), situated in present-day Ninh Binh Province. , nestled in a landscape, served as a fortified stronghold where Đinh Bộ Lĩnh unified the country after centuries of Chinese domination, marking a pivotal moment in sovereignty; remnants include rock-carved temples and palaces dedicated to Đinh and Lê rulers. The site's strategic location and cave systems highlight its defensive significance, with ongoing archaeological work revealing artifacts from the that illustrate early and to northern invasions. A rural commune named Lũng Cú exists in in , a remote highland area characterized by terraced fields and ethnic minority communities such as the and ; it contributes to the region's and within the Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark. This locale, at elevations exceeding 1,000 meters, exemplifies Vietnam's northern frontier landscapes, with local traditions tied to and seasonal festivals.

In Europe

In , Lõu is a small village in Saaremaa Parish, , located on the island of along the coast of the . With a population of 4 as of the 2011 census, it remains one of the tiniest settlements in the region, characterized by its rural, coastal setting that supports limited and activities. In , Lūznava Parish is an administrative unit within Rēzekne Municipality in the region, known for its historical connections to Baltic German estates dating back to the , when the area was part of the Polish-Lithuanian and later the . The parish, covering 73.72 square kilometers, features rolling hills, forests, and small villages centered around and cultural heritage sites like the 18th-century Lūznava Manor, which now serves as an educational center. Its population was 766 as of January 2025, reflecting a rural economy with ties to traditional farming and local tourism. In , Lü is a minor village within the Val Müstair in the of Graubünden, situated at an of 1,920 meters amid the Valley. First documented in 1466 as "Lug," it had a of 63 in 2008 before merging with neighboring communities in 2009; today, it emphasizes on 45.5% of its 6.84 square kilometers, with 34.5% forested land, and attracts visitors through the nearby Astrovillage Lü-Stailas for stargazing and eco-tourism.

In the Americas

In the , places named "Lu" or incorporating similar nomenclature often reflect a blend of influences and naming conventions, particularly in rural or historical contexts. Lu Verne is a small incorporated city in , , with a population of 258 as recorded in the 2020 Census. Established in the late 19th century amid agricultural settlement, the town serves as a rural community centered on farming and local services, similar in scale to diminutive villages found in parts of . Post-2020 estimates indicate a slight decline, with the population reaching approximately 246 by 2025, attributed to broader rural depopulation trends in the Midwest. Dzonot-Lu is a minor rural locality in the Buctzotz Municipality of , , characterized by its ties to traditional communities. The name derives from Yucatec Maya linguistic elements, where "dzonot" refers to a or natural well, essential to indigenous water management and cultural practices in the landscape of the . As a small hamlet near other locales like Dzonot Trejo and , it exemplifies post-colonial persistence of pre-Hispanic place names amid limited modern . Population data for Dzonot-Lu remains sparse, but regional trends in show stable or modestly growing rural populations post-2020 due to eco-tourism around .

Educational institutions

Universities in Asia

In China, the Lu Xun Literary Institute (鲁迅文学院), established in 1950 as the Central Literary Research Institute and renamed in 1984, serves as the country's only national academy dedicated to literature education, focusing on writers, critics, and literary officials in alignment with contemporary literary principles. The institute offers advanced courses in , literary theory, and criticism, emphasizing the works of and modern to foster professional development in the field. Lucknow University, founded on November 25, 1920, by act of the and beginning instruction on July 17, 1921, in , , is a prominent public state university offering key programs in , sciences, , , and across its 13 faculties and over 50 departments. With approximately 16,000 students enrolled in its core programs as of 2024, the university maintains a strong emphasis on undergraduate and postgraduate studies in and natural sciences, serving as a major educational hub in northern . In , , a private institution established in 2001 under the Private University Act of 1992 and located in , prioritizes programs in , , electrical and , and applied sciences to meet regional demands for technical and managerial expertise. The university's curriculum highlights practical skills in engineering and commerce, supporting economic development in northeastern through its undergraduate and graduate offerings. Lebanese University, founded in 1951 through a student-led mobilization and that led to its formal establishment, is Lebanon's largest public institution, enrolling over 79,000 across 19 faculties and multiple campuses. Specializing in fields such as , sciences, , , and , it provides accessible to a diverse body, playing a central role in national with a focus on multidisciplinary research and professional training.

Universities in Europe and the Americas

in , established in 1666, stands as one of 's oldest institutions of and a leading with a strong emphasis on sciences, including natural sciences, , and . As of 2025, it enrolls approximately 46,000 students and employs over 8,600 staff, fostering an interdisciplinary environment that has produced numerous Nobel laureates and innovations in fields like and . The university's historical roots trace back to the in 1658, when acquired the Skåne province from , prompting the creation of a local academic center to counter Danish influence. In , (Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli), founded in 1974 in , is a private institution specializing in , , , and , offering undergraduate, graduate, and PhD programs with a focus on international and interdisciplinary studies. It enrolls around 9,500 students and is known for its strong industry connections and rankings in social sciences. LUT University in Finland, established in 1969 as Lappeenranta University of Technology and renamed in 2021 after merging with another institution, is a public science university emphasizing technology, business, and , with campuses in and . As of 2025, it has approximately 8,000 students and is recognized for in and . In , Laval University in operates as the oldest French-language university in , officially chartered in 1852 by , though its origins extend to the Séminaire de Québec founded in 1663 by François de Montmorency-Laval. It offers over 600 programs across 17 faculties, with prominent strengths in , , and sciences, reflecting its role in preserving French-Canadian intellectual traditions amid bilingual national contexts. The institution's medical faculty, established early in its history, has been instrumental in advancing healthcare in , while its law programs emphasize systems unique to the province. The hosts several universities bearing "Lu" in their names, exemplifying diverse private higher education models. Liberty University in , founded in 1971 by evangelical leader , integrates Christian principles into its curriculum and has grown into one of the largest Christian universities globally. Its online programs, which expanded significantly after 2020 in response to the , now serve over 100,000 students across more than 600 degree offerings, including theology, business, and education. Complementing this, in , originated in 1923 as South Park and transitioned to a four-year institution in 1949, with a longstanding focus on and technology. It introduced engineering degrees in 1951 and became the first in the to offer a Doctor of in 1971, underscoring its contributions to industrial and applied sciences in the Gulf Coast region. In , the in , founded on September 28, 1919, amid the nation's independence from Russian and German occupations, emerged from the Riga Polytechnic Institute established in 1862. As the country's largest and oldest university, it emphasizes , social sciences, and Baltic studies, with faculties dedicated to history, , and that support research on Latvian cultural identity and . The institution's early development under rector Paul Walden highlighted interdisciplinary approaches, blending natural sciences with humanistic inquiry to rebuild academic life post-World War I. These universities illustrate contrasting educational landscapes: Europe's emphasis on longstanding public research traditions, as seen in , , Luiss, and LUT, alongside North America's blend of public francophone institutions like Laval and private, faith-based or technically oriented models in the U.S.

Science, technology, and

is a with the 71 and Lu, belonging to the series in the periodic table. It was independently discovered in 1907 by French chemist Georges Urbain, Austrian chemist , and American chemist Charles James from ytterbium oxide. is a silvery-white, hard, dense metal that tarnishes slowly in air and is the heaviest and densest of the stable rare earth elements. Its standard atomic mass is 174.967, and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f^{14} 5d^{1} 6s^{2}. Lutetium finds applications in , particularly as lutetium oxide in cracking processes within refineries, as well as in , , and reactions. In and therapy, the radioisotope lutetium-177 (Lu-177) is used in targeted radioligand therapies, such as lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan (Pluvicto), which was initially approved by the U.S. on March 23, 2022, and expanded on March 28, 2025, for treating prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic castration-resistant (mCRPC) in adults who have progressed after pathway inhibition (regardless of prior taxane-based ). Lu-177 is also used in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for neuroendocrine tumors. A key compound is lutetium(III) oxide (Lu₂O₃), also known as , a white cubic solid used in the preparation of specialty glasses and ceramics. This serves as a host material in phosphors for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), enhancing color rendering and efficiency, and in scintillators for high-resolution imaging and medical detectors due to its high (9.5 g/cm³) and effective .

Mathematics and computing

In , LU decomposition refers to the of a square matrix A \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n} into the product of a L with unit diagonal entries and an upper U, such that A = LU. A = LU This decomposition is fundamental for solving systems of linear equations Ax = b, where forward substitution solves Ly = b for y, followed by back substitution to solve Ux = y. It assumes A has no zero pivots during , enabling efficient reuse of the for multiple right-hand sides b. The algorithm for computing the without pivoting is a direct implementation of . For each column index k = 1 to n-1, compute the multipliers l_{ik} = a_{ik} / a_{kk} for rows i = k+1 to n, then update the submatrix below and to the right by subtracting l_{ik} times row k from row i for columns j = k to n. The matrix L is formed by placing the on and above the diagonal with the multipliers below, while U consists of the diagonal and upper triangular part of the resulting matrix after elimination. This process requires approximately \frac{2}{3}n^3 floating-point operations for an n \times n dense , making it computationally intensive but optimal for direct methods in this complexity class. In computing, particularly within IBM's Systems Network Architecture (SNA), a Logical Unit (LU) denotes a network-addressable access point that enables end users or application programs to communicate across the SNA network with other users or programs. Introduced as part of SNA in 1974 to support structured data exchange in mainframe environments like the IBM System/370 (building on the 1964 System/360 architecture), LUs facilitate session establishment, including at least one session with a System Services Control Point (SSCP) and additional LU-to-LU sessions for peer communication. Various LU types exist, such as LU 6.2 for advanced program-to-program communication (APPC) in peer-to-peer scenarios, which evolved with Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) to distribute network control and enhance resource management in enterprise systems. This abstraction allows input/output devices and applications on mainframes to be treated as logical entities, abstracting physical hardware details for reliable connectivity.

Arts and entertainment

Music

In ancient Chinese music theory, "lü" (律) refers to a system of twelve standardized pitches derived from bamboo pipes of graduated lengths, forming the basis of the chromatic scale and used for tuning instruments in ritual and court music. These pitches, known as the shi'er lü (十二律), were first documented in texts like the Huainanzi from the 2nd century BCE and represent a foundational concept in East Asian musical tuning, where each lü is generated by halving the length of the previous pipe to produce semitones. Lu is an American hip-hop artist from Miami, Florida, recognized for his alternative style that combines introspective lyrics with cinematic production, as heard in tracks like "Fish Bowl" and collaborations with artists such as members on "."

Film, television, and literature

In ancient Chinese philosophical literature, the state of serves as a prominent setting in the (also known as Chuang Tzu), a foundational Taoist text attributed to (c. 369–286 BCE). Numerous parables unfold in or reference , such as the story of Wang Tai, a man from who, despite having lost a foot, attracts followers rivaling those of , illustrating themes of natural virtue and detachment from physical form. Another tale involves Shu-shan No-Toes, a mutilated resident of who visits to discuss true humanity, emphasizing inner completeness over external appearances. These narratives use , the birthplace of , to contrast rigid Confucian ethics with Taoist spontaneity, influencing East Asian thought for centuries. In modern Chinese literature, the name "Lu" features as a central character in several notable works. Gu Long's series (1970–1975), a seminal collection, centers on , a charismatic detective-martial artist known for his twin tufts of hair resembling eyebrows, sharp wit, and aversion to killing. Lu navigates intricate conspiracies in the martial world, blending , , and philosophical undertones on and ; the series revolutionized the genre by incorporating psychological depth and Western elements, selling millions and inspiring a cultural phenomenon in Chinese popular fiction. Similarly, in Mo Yan's autobiographical Change (2006, English trans. 2010), Lu Wenli is a key female character, the object of protagonist He Zhiwu's enduring affection amid China's rural transformations and personal upheavals, reflecting themes of tradition versus modernity in post-Mao society. In television, (2013), a based on Zhang Wei's novel Female Prime Minister, portrays Lu Zhen as an ambitious young woman during the dynasty (550–577 CE). Orphaned and fleeing an abusive family, Lu disguises herself as a man to enter the imperial court as a low-ranking attendant, rising through intellect and pottery skills to become the dynasty's sole female , while navigating forbidden romance with Prince Gao Zhan. Starring as Lu Zhen, the 45-episode series highlights gender barriers and political intrigue, achieving high ratings in and acclaim for its strong female lead. Film adaptations of underscore his enduring appeal in visual media. Shaw Brothers' Clans of Intrigue (1977), directed by Chor Yuen and based on the Lu Xiaofeng novels, features Lu as a sleuth unraveling a secret society's plot, with in the role; the film exemplifies 1970s cinema's blend of elaborate fight choreography and ensemble intrigue, grossing significantly at the and cementing Lu's iconic status. Later adaptations, such as the 1980s TV films, further popularized the character across .

Languages and linguistics

Natural languages

The (also known as Lü, Lü, or Xishuangbanna ), is a spoken by the ethnic group, primarily in province, (especially Xishuangbanna), and also in , , , and . It has approximately 700,000 speakers, with about 280,000 in as of recent estimates. The language uses its own script, a variant of the , and features tonal system with six tones, serving as a medium for Buddhist literature and local media. The language, also known as Lue, is a of the Oroko language cluster, a language spoken primarily in the Southwest Region of near the border with . It is part of the Sawa subgroup of and is used by communities in areas such as Mbonge and ; the Oroko cluster has approximately 110,000 speakers (2000 estimate). Like other , Lu features a robust system that categorizes nouns into classes based on prefixes, influencing agreement in verbs, adjectives, and pronouns; for example, classes distinguish humans, animals, and abstracts through markers such as ba- for plural humans and li- for diminutives. This grammatical structure supports complex sentence constructions and is integral to the language's tonal system, where pitch variations convey meaning. The language plays a key role in oral traditions among its speakers, preserving historical narratives, folktales, and genealogies passed down through and songs that recount migrations from the central African rainforests. Luba-Lu refers to the Luba language cluster, a group of Central Bantu dialects spoken in the southeastern , particularly in the Kasai and Katanga provinces. The cluster includes major varieties such as Luba-Katanga (ISO code: lub) and Luba-Kasai (ISO code: lua), forming a with mutual intelligibility among close variants. Historically, Luba-Lu has been central to the cultural and political identity of the , who established one of Central Africa's most influential pre-colonial empires around the in the region. The language facilitated administrative , trade networks extending to and coasts, and the transmission of royal histories through mnemonic devices like lukasa boards, which encoded political lineages and sacred knowledge in verbal recitations. Today, it remains a vehicle for oral epics and rituals that reinforce social cohesion in Luba communities, despite pressures from national languages like and . Luba-Katanga has approximately 1.5 million native speakers (1991 estimate), with total users up to 5-6 million including second-language speakers.

Language codes and scripts

In linguistics, the two-letter ISO 639-1 code "lu" designates (also known as Tshiluba or Kiluba), a language primarily spoken in the southeastern . This code, approved in 1999 and incorporated into the standard in 2002, supports the language's representation in international standards for , including digital corpora, software localization, and bibliographic databases. Regarding scripts associated with "Lu," the term relates to ancient Chinese logographic writing through the character 魯 (lǔ), a pictophonetic logograph originating in the (c. 1046–256 BCE). This character, composed of elements denoting "fish" (魚) and "mouth" (口) in its bronze form, phonetically and semantically represented the ancient vassal state of in present-day southwestern province, founded around 1042 BCE and lasting until 249 BCE. The logograph's evolution reflects early development, where it served as a proper noun for the state rather than a phonetic syllable alone, influencing classical texts like the attributed to , a native of Lu. The ".lu" extension functions as the (ccTLD) for , delegated by the (IANA) on January 27, 1995, and administered by the RESTENA Foundation since its inception. As of November 2025, there are over 118,000 active .lu domain registrations, supporting Luxembourg's digital infrastructure for businesses, government, and individuals with no residency restrictions since 2010. In protocols, "Lu" appears in spelling alphabets for clarity in radio and ; for instance, in the —standardized in 1956 and adopted by the —"L" is "" and "U" is "," rendering "Lu" as "Lima Uniform." This usage ensures unambiguous transmission of the digraph in multilingual military and contexts.

Other uses

Acronyms and abbreviations

In various fields, "LU" and "Lu" denote several notable acronyms and abbreviations, each with specific applications in technology, communication, science, audio, and . LU stands for "Love You," a common abbreviation for "," which gained popularity during the rise of in the 2000s as a concise way to express affection in digital conversations. In , LU refers to Logical Unit, a core component of IBM's (SNA), defined as an addressable port through which end users access the network to send and receive data, supporting various session types for applications like printing and . In audio engineering, denotes Loudness Unit, a relative measure of perceived audio loudness equivalent to one , used in standards like to normalize program levels and ensure consistent playback across broadcasts. Additionally, represents Livestock Unit in , a standardized metric developed in the to aggregate livestock holdings across species and ages based on feed consumption equivalents, where 1 LU typically equals one adult dairy cow or, for example, 10 ewes for sheep; this system originated in 1960s zootechnics and facilitates policy assessments like environmental impact and subsidies.

Miscellaneous

Lu is an archaic English term for the card game loo, a 17th-century originating in as lanterloo and popularized in and for . Played with a by three to nine players, the rules require each participant to ante into a central pool called the loo, with gameplay focusing on winning tricks by following suit or trumping with a higher of the trump suit; failure to win a single trick incurs a penalty payment to the pool, which the next winner claims. The game appears in 18th-century literature, such as Alexander Pope's 1714 poem , where it is referenced as "Lu" in a satirical depiction of high-society card play. Lego Universe, often abbreviated as LU, was a family-oriented (MMORPG) developed by NetDevil and published by , launched on October 26, 2010, and closed on January 30, 2012. It featured customizable Lego minifigures exploring a brick-built universe, completing quests, and building structures in a persistent online world, attracting around 2 million registered players through its model with subscriptions. Despite and innovative features like , the game failed to convert free users to paying subscribers—peaking at about 38,000—due to high costs ($125 million development), restrictive limitations (e.g., limited chat and zoning), pricing ($40 initial purchase plus $10 monthly fee), and internal development delays from perfectionism and shifting priorities. The closure stemmed from unsustainable revenue, marking Lego's first major digital venture as a financial loss despite its creative appeal to young audiences.

References

  1. [1]
    Lutetium | Lu (Element) - PubChem - NIH
    Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71. Classified as a lanthanide, Lutetium is a solid at 25°C (room temperature).
  2. [2]
    Lutetium - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table
    Lutetium, discovered in 1907, is a silvery metal, the last lanthanide, with a melting point of 1663°C. It's used in catalysts and cancer therapy.
  3. [3]
    Lutetium (Lu) - Chemical properties, Health and Environmental effects
    Lutetium (Lu) has atomic number 71, is silvery white, hard, dense, and the hardest lanthanide. It is mildly toxic by ingestion, and its dust is a fire hazard.
  4. [4]
    Lutetium (Lu) - ISOFLEX USA
    Lutetium was discovered in 1907 by Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach. Its name originates with the Latin Lutetia, the name of a Roman town on the ...Missing: discovery - - | Show results with:discovery - -<|separator|>
  5. [5]
    Lutetium (Lu) - Discovery, Occurrence, Production, Properties and ...
    Lutetium has a concentration of around 0.8 to 1.7 ppm in the Earth's crust. It is estimated that nearly 0.03% of lutetium is present in monazite ores.<|control11|><|separator|>
  6. [6]
    Chemical Properties of Lutetium - BYJU'S
    It is used in the manufacture of memory devices, especially for gadolinium gallium garnet as a dopant. · It is used as a catalyst in the petroleum industry.
  7. [7]
    Lutetium: Element Properties and Uses - Stanford Advanced Materials
    Jul 24, 2025 · Lutetium is the heaviest and hardest rare earth element, used in cancer treatment, PET scans, and high-refractive-index glass.
  8. [8]
    Lutetium (Lu) | Research Starters - EBSCO
    Lutetium (Lu) is a rare earth metal, atomic number 71, a silvery-white, dense metal with a high melting point, used in alloys and high-tech devices.
  9. [9]
    Lu 卢 / 盧 Last Name Origins, Meaning, and Surname Distribution
    The surname Lu can trace its roots back to Gao Xi (高傒), a Qi nobleman in the 7th-century BC. In 686 BC, Duke Xiang of Qi was murdered by his cousin Wuzhi (无 ...
  10. [10]
    Lu Surname Meaning & Lu Family History at Ancestry.com®
    Chinese: Mandarin and Cantonese form of the surname 盧 meaning both 'black'in ancient Chinese: (i) from the placename Lu (盧) the name of a fief (located in ...Missing: etymology | Show results with:etymology
  11. [11]
    The Top 100 Chinese Surnames - Sinosplice
    ... common ones. You'll rarely meet a Chinese person with a surname not in this list of 100. Rank ... 吕, Lǚ. 41. 苏, Sū. 42. 卢, Lú. 43. 蒋, Jiǎng. 44. 蔡, Cài. 45.Missing: Lü | Show results with:Lü
  12. [12]
    Lyu 吕 / 呂 Last Name Origins, Meaning, and Surname Distribution
    Lyu Surname Origins. From the name of the ancient state of Lü, in present-day Henan province. Boyi (伯夷), a descendant of the Yan Emperor ...
  13. [13]
    Dong Chinese dictionary - 呂
    Original meaning: ; 呂Oracle script (~1250-1000 BC). Oracle script. (~1250-1000 BC) ; 呂Bronze script Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC). Bronze script.Missing: origin six bo
  14. [14]
    Lữ Chinese Last Name Facts - My China Roots
    Lữ is a last name commonly found in Vietnam among its Chinese community. It is the transliteration of a Chinese surname meaning: pitchpipe, pitch standard.Missing: music pipes
  15. [15]
    Luu Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History - Forebears
    Luu (or Lưu with diacritics) is a Vietnamese surname. Luu originates as a transliteration of the traditional Chinese surname, Liu (劉).
  16. [16]
    User-submitted name Lu - Behind the Name
    Short form of names beginning with Lu, such as Lucy, Luis or Luisa. Known bearers include Luciana 'Lu' Andrade (1978-), a Brazilian singer.
  17. [17]
    List of Celebrities with first name: Lu - FamousFix.com
    Celebrities with first name: Lu · Lu Parker. Lu Parker American beauty pageant contestant and journalist · Lu Han. Lu Han Chinese singer (born 1990) · Lu Varley.
  18. [18]
    Lu Yi (卢艺) - MyDramaList
    Name: Lu Yi · Native name: 卢艺 · Also Known as: Louis Lu, Luyi · Nationality: Chinese · Gender: Female · Born: June 18, 1989 · Age: 36.
  19. [19]
    Most popular baby girl names (length by length) in the U.S. in 2023
    May 16, 2024 · Most popular baby girl names (length by length) in the U.S. in 2023 · Jo, 46 baby girls · An, 40 · Vy, 28 · Bo, 22 · Zo, 16 · Vi, 14 · Lu, 11 (tie) · Yi ...
  20. [20]
    Lu Name Meaning and Lu Family History at FamilySearch
    Chinese: Mandarin form of the surname 魯, meaning 'slow, clumsy' in Chinese: from Lu (魯), the name of a state (located mainly in present-day ...Missing: origin pipes
  21. [21]
    The Regional State of Lu 魯 (www.chinaknowledge.de)
    The state of Lu 魯 was a regional state of the Zhou period 周 (11th cent.-221 BCE). As a small state in the eastern fringes of the Central Plain, ...
  22. [22]
    Qufu city - Shandong, China
    Nov 12, 2024 · Population: 615,300 (permanent population). Area: 815 square kilometers. Geography and transportation. Qufu is located between the Yangtze ...
  23. [23]
    Qufu, Ancient Capital of Lu & Confucius' Hometown 2025
    Aug 31, 2025 · Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius and the capital of the ancient Lu state, is located in the southwest of Shandong Province.
  24. [24]
    Hoa Lu Temple: Traces of the Dinh & Le Dynasties in Vietnam
    May 10, 2025 · Discover the Hoa Lu Temples of the Dinh & Le Dynasties, showcasing Vietnam's imperial past and architectural heritage.
  25. [25]
    History of Hoa Lư - Discover Ninh Binh
    As the capitol of the first united Vietnamese state, the history of Hoa Lu traces back to the Paleolithic period and perhaps even earlier.
  26. [26]
    Lung Cu, Ha Giang: A culturally rich destination in Vietnam
    Nov 26, 2024 · Lung Cu Commune is the northernmost area of Vietnam, located in Dong Van District, Ha Giang Province. It is home to a predominantly Hmong population.
  27. [27]
    The Lurs of Iran | Cultural Survival
    Feb 17, 2010 · The Lur or Lor are an Iranian people living mainly in southwest and south Iran. Their exact population is not known, but they number over two million.Missing: Lu | Show results with:Lu
  28. [28]
    LURISTAN iv. The Origin of Nomadism - Encyclopaedia Iranica
    Aug 26, 2014 · In Luristan the earliest evidence of the domestication of sheep and goat appears in the early post-Pleistocene period, between 9000 and 7000 BCE ...Missing: Lu | Show results with:Lu<|control11|><|separator|>
  29. [29]
    Banggai Islands Travel Guide & Itinerary For Sulawesi
    Luwuk and the Banggai islands are full of hidden gems in central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Here's a travel guide & itinerary for visiting the area.<|control11|><|separator|>
  30. [30]
    [PDF] 2020 US Census Iowa Incorporated Places Population
    2020 U.S. Census Iowa Incorporated Places Population. Iowa: Population ... Lu Verne city. 258. 132. 101. 31. Luana city. 301. 131. 115. 16. Lucas city. 172. 92.
  31. [31]
    Lu Verne, Iowa Population 2025
    Lu Verne has a 2025 population of 246. Lu Verne is currently declining at a rate of -0.81% annually and its population has decreased by -3.15% since the most ...
  32. [32]
    Dzonot-Lu Map - Locality - Buctzotz, Yucatán, Mexico - Mapcarta
    Dzonot-Lu is a locality in Buctzotz, Yucatán. Dzonot-Lu is situated nearby to the locality Dzonot Trejo, as well as near San Juan.
  33. [33]
    Interactive Dig Yucatán - Cenotes in the Maya World
    ... Yucatán, Quintana Roo, and Campeche, relied on cenotes (a Spanish corruption of the Yucatec Mayan word for sinkhole, dzonot) as their primary source of water.
  34. [34]
    Lu Xun Literary Institute
    Before adopting its present name of Lu Xun Literary Institute in 1984, the institute went through several stages after its founding in 1950 as the Central ...Missing: Academy | Show results with:Academy
  35. [35]
    University of Lucknow / About The University / History
    May 14, 2025 · On July 17, 1921, the University started teaching -- both formal and informal. Teaching in the Faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, and Law was ...
  36. [36]
    University of Lucknow / University at a Glance
    May 15, 2025 · Admission Session-2024-25 · Admission Session 2023-24 · Admission ... Number of Students 16365. Number of Teaching Faculty478. Number of Non ...
  37. [37]
    Leading University – ..a promise to lead
    Leading University or LU is a private university of Bangladesh. It was established in 2001 by the Private University Act 1992. The outreach campus of LU is ...Result · Login · Department of CSE · Guide line for Tuition Fees...Missing: 2002 | Show results with:2002
  38. [38]
    History | Lebanese University
    The establishment of the Lebanese University came as a result of a popular and student mobilization initiated on 23 January 1951 with a general strike that ...
  39. [39]
    History - Lebanese University
    There are to date 79,000 students at the Lebanese University, making it one of the largest and most important universities in the Middle East. The ...
  40. [40]
    The history of Lund University
    Jun 13, 2025 · When Lund University was founded in 1666, Sweden was a great power, which eight years prior had won the province of Skåne from Denmark.
  41. [41]
    The University at a glance - Lund University
    Sep 26, 2025 · Lund University was founded in 1666 and is one of the world's top universities. The University has approximately 46,000 students and 8,600 staff ...
  42. [42]
    Origin and history | Université Laval
    Université Laval can trace its roots to 1663, when Monsignor de Laval founded Séminaire de Québec to train the colony's priests.
  43. [43]
    Lamar University History
    Lamar University in Beaumont, Texas was founded in 1923 a few blocks from the current location as South Park Junior College and enrolled 125 students in its ...
  44. [44]
    About Engineering at Lamar
    Promoting science and technology, the university began offering four-year degrees in engineering in 1951 and became the first program to offer a doctoral ...<|separator|>
  45. [45]
    Lutetium - 71 Lu: the essentials - WebElements Periodic Table
    Lutetium atoms have 71 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.32.9.2. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral lutetium is [Xe].4f14.5d1.6s2 ...
  46. [46]
    Lutetium - Los Alamos National Laboratory
    Lutetium (Lu) has atomic number 71, atomic weight 175.0, melting point 1652°C, boiling point 3402°C, and is silvery white. It is found in small amounts in ...
  47. [47]
    FDA approves Pluvicto for metastatic castration-resistant prostate ...
    Mar 23, 2022 · On March 23, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration approved Pluvicto (lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan, Advanced Accelerator Applications ...Missing: catalysts | Show results with:catalysts
  48. [48]
    Lutetium oxide | Lu2O3 | CID 4323797 - PubChem - NIH
    Molecular Formula. Lu2O ; Synonyms. Lutetium oxide; Lutetium(III) oxide; Lutetium oxide. Lutetia; RefChem:800158; 234-764-3 ; Molecular Weight. 397.932 g/mol.
  49. [49]
    5N Lutetium Oxide Lu2O3 For LED Phosphor , Electronic ...
    It absorbs water molecules and carbon dioxide from the air. It is mainly used for LED phosphor, scintillation crystal (LYSO), electronic component additive, ...
  50. [50]
    The Application of Lutetium Oxide in Specialty Optical Glass and ...
    Lu2O3 can be formulated into phosphors that produce specific colors or enhance the brightness and efficiency of LED lights. This application contributes to the ...
  51. [51]
    CVD Lu2O3:Eu coatings For Advanced Scintillators - PMC - NIH
    Lutetium oxide has an extremely high density of 9.4 g/cc and a high radiation resistance makes it a great candidate for high energy applications for which BGO ...
  52. [52]
    Glossary of z/OS terms and abbreviations - IBM
    This glossary defines technical terms and abbreviations used in the z/OS® Basic Skills Information Center.
  53. [53]
    12 lü | music - Britannica
    12-tone system in relation to the blowing of bamboo pipes (lü). The first pipe produces a basic pitch called yellow bell (huangzhong).
  54. [54]
    LU - ALL BUT 6
    Lu is an artist from Miami blending introspective storytelling with cinematic soundscapes, creating music that focuses on moments and authenticity.
  55. [55]
    Lu - Apple Music
    Listen to music by Lu on Apple Music. Find top songs and albums by Lu including Walk In, GHOSTFACE IN MY REARVIEW and more.Missing: titled | Show results with:titled
  56. [56]
    The Complete Works of Chuang Tzu translated by Burton ... - Terebess
    The Complete Works Of Chuang Tzu Translated by Burton Watson PDF Contents 1 : Free and Easy Wandering 2 : Discussion on Making All Things Equal 3 : The Secret ...
  57. [57]
    Zhuangzi - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
    Liu classifies chapters 12 to 16, chapter 33, and the first part of chapter 11 as belonging to the Han dynasty school known as Huang-Lao. Graham refers to ...
  58. [58]
    Gu Long 古龙 | 古龍 – Xiong Yaohua 熊耀华 | 熊耀華 - WuxiaSociety
    Gu Long (古龙), is the pen name of author Xiong Yaohua (熊耀华). He was a wuxia novelis known for modernizing the genre with psychological depth and Western ...Missing: source | Show results with:source
  59. [59]
    Change - Mo Yan - Complete Review
    Mar 12, 2010 · He Zhiwu is in love with Lu, and would come back many years later to court her, but she follows a more traditional path (with some unusual ...
  60. [60]
    Female Prime Minister (TV Series 2013) - IMDb
    Rating 8.3/10 (489) Release date · May 5, 2013 (China) · Country of origin. China · Language. Mandarin · Also known as. Legend of Lu Zhen · See more company credits at IMDbPro ...
  61. [61]
    [PDF] SYSTEM OF OROKO EAST - MPG.PuRe
    Feb 2, 2011 · E. noun classes. The concord system will also be treated takins into account the occui-ence o f the nouns with specific set; of.Missing: grammar | Show results with:grammar
  62. [62]
    https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_changes.php
  63. [63]
    https://www.britannica.com/place/Lu-ancient-state-China
  64. [64]
    The Rainbow and the Kings by Thomas Reefe - Paper
    Situated in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Luba Empire was a sophisticated polity that thrived independently of European trade influences ...
  65. [65]
    [PDF] Family and Religion in Luba Life: Centrality, Pervasiveness, Change ...
    The Luba established one of the great pre-colo- nial empires of the central Congo savannah.
  66. [66]
    ISO 639-2 Language Code List - Library of Congress
    lu, lub, Luba-Katanga, luba-katanga, 1999-08-16, Add, This alpha-2 ISO 639-1 code was approved in 1999 and included in ISO 639-1: 2002. It was mistakenly ...
  67. [67]
    Luba-Katanga Language (LUB) - Ethnologue
    It belongs to the Niger-Congo language family. The language is used as a first language by all adults in the ethnic community, but not all young people. It is ...
  68. [68]
    Lu | Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty & Feudalism - Britannica
    Oct 10, 2025 · Lu, one of the vassal states of ancient China that originated during the Xi (Western) Zhou dynasty but came to prominence in the Warring States (Zhanguo) ...
  69. [69]
    https://aes2.org/resources/audio-topics/loudness-project/loudness-basics/
  70. [70]
    DNS Luxembourg: Homepage
    In March 2025, the management and operation of the .lu top-level domain registry has been recertified ISO/IEC 27001, moving in parallel to the ISO/IEC 27001: ...
  71. [71]
    The NATO phonetic alphabet – Alfa, Bravo, Charlie..., 20-Oct.
    Oct 20, 2016 · The NATO phonetic alphabet became effective in 1956 and just a few years later became the established universal phonetic alphabet.
  72. [72]
    LU | What Does LU Mean? - Cyber Definitions
    In a text, LU means Love You. This page explains how LU is used in texting or on apps like TikTok or Instagram.
  73. [73]
    Architectural components of the SNA network - IBM
    Logical unit types. SNA defines different kinds of logical units called LU types. LU types identify sets of SNA functions that support end-user communication.
  74. [74]
    Loudness Basics - AES - Audio Engineering Society
    An LU (Loudness Unit) is a relative value (the difference) between two measurements in LUFS and is equivalent to decibels (dB). If the target loudness is ...
  75. [75]
    Glossary:Livestock unit (LSU) - Statistics Explained - Eurostat
    The livestock unit, abbreviated as LSU (or sometimes as LU), is a reference unit which facilitates the aggregation of livestock from various species and age.
  76. [76]
    The concept of a livestock unit (LU), which was originally intended to ...
    In France, LU was defined as a unit of net energy consumption by zootechnicians, and its initial definition (in the 1960s) was clear: an LU corresponded to a ...
  77. [77]
    Loo - card game rules - Pagat.com
    Jul 6, 2022 · Loo is a trick-taking game using a standard 52-card pack which originated in England and also became popular in America.
  78. [78]
    Pope, Rape of the Lock - Jack Lynch
    And mow'd down Armies in the Fights of Lu,°, a card game. Sad Chance of War! now, destitute° of Aid,, lacking. Falls undistinguish'd by the Victor Spade. Thus ...
  79. [79]
    Why LEGO Universe is shutting down in January, and ... - PC Gamer
    Nov 4, 2011 · Instead, LEGO Universe let free players stagnate in the first zone, burdened with debilitating restrictions (like being unable to chat with ...
  80. [80]
    Why LEGO Universe failed and can Minifigures Online succeed?
    Sep 4, 2014 · Thus, on 30 January 2012, LEGO shut down LEGO Universe for good. This adventure ended up costing LEGO $50 million. Robertson lists five reasons, ...