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Lulusar

Lulusar Lake is an alpine lake in the Kaghan Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Located at an elevation of 3,410 metres (11,200 ft) above sea level, approximately 48 km from Naran on the Naran-Babusar Road, it serves as the primary source of the Kunhar River, which flows through the valley to join the Jhelum River.^[1] The lake is surrounded by snow-capped peaks of the Lulusar mountains and lies within the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park, renowned for its crystal-clear waters and pristine natural environment.

Etymology and Naming

Linguistic Origins

The name "Lulusar" originates from the linguistic traditions of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region in Pakistan, drawing primarily from Pashto. It is a compound term where "lulu" signifies "gorgeous" in Pashto, and "sar" denotes "top" or "peak" in Pashto, commonly applied to elevated mountain features.^[2] This combination describes the cluster of peaks surrounding the lake in the Himalayan foothills. Alternative interpretations exist, such as in Shina language where "lulu" means "red" and "sar" means "lake," translating to "red lake."^[3] Spelling and pronunciation variations of the name, such as "Lalusar" or "Laluser," appear in historical transliterations and regional records, reflecting phonetic adaptations across dialects. These differences stem from the challenges of rendering Pashto script into Roman alphabets, where forms like لولوسر or لالوسر are used.^[4] The term also connects to broader influences from local languages in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, including Hindko, where similar Indo-Aryan roots for descriptive topographic names prevail, though Pashto provides the core etymological structure. This linguistic heritage underscores the area's multicultural naming conventions for natural landmarks in the Kaghan Valley.

Cultural Significance

Lulusar holds cultural importance in the Pashtun traditions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, evoking the beauty and resilience of the northern mountainous landscape through its name.^[5] In the 20th and 21st centuries, Lulusar has gained prominence in tourism and travel literature as a scenic highlight of Pakistan's northern regions.^[6]

Geography

Location and Setting

Lulusar is situated at approximately 35°05′N 73°56′E in Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan.^[7] This positioning places it within the scenic upper reaches of the Kaghan Valley, a renowned glacial corridor in northern Pakistan.^[8] The site lies along the Naran-Babusar Pass road, approximately 48 kilometers from Naran town, and marks a key transition point near the boundary with Gilgit-Baltistan.^[9] Nestled at the edge of the western Himalayan ranges, the surrounding environment features alpine meadows, glacial streams, and snow-capped ridges that define the high-altitude Himalayan landscape.^[8] The area's elevation spans from about 3,000 meters to 4,000 meters, with surrounding peaks ascending to around 4,300 meters, contributing to its remote and rugged character.^[10] Lulusar forms part of the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park, encompassing diverse highland terrains that support unique ecological features.^[8]

Topography and Peaks

Lulusar forms a prominent cluster of snow-capped peaks in the northern Kaghan Valley, part of the High Himalayas within the Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis, rising to elevations of approximately 4,000 to 4,300 meters above sea level. These summits, collectively known as Lulusar, are distinguished from the valley's highest peak, Malika Parbat, which reaches 5,290 meters and lies further south near Saif-ul-Muluk Lake. The Lulusar peaks contribute to the rugged alpine terrain characteristic of the region, with steep escarpments and cirque basins shaped by extensive glacial activity.^[11]^[12] The topography of Lulusar is defined by sharp ridges and gullies, including mylonitic zones associated with the Babusar Mylonite and intrusions of the Babusar Granite, which underlie the volcanic and metamorphic rocks metamorphosed under conditions of 585°C and 9 kbar pressure. Surrounding landforms include steep slopes exceeding 50 degrees in places, narrow valleys incised by past ice flows, and elevated plateaus that form natural basins amid the peaks. These features create a dramatic vertical relief, with the Babusar Pass at 4,173 meters serving as a key col linking the Lulusar summits to higher Karakoram ranges.^[12]^[11] Geologically, the Lulusar peaks owe their form to Pleistocene glaciations that carved the upper Kaghan Valley through repeated advances, leaving behind moraines, tills, and U-shaped valleys up to 200 meters deep in fluvioglacial deposits. This glacial erosion, combined with tectonic uplift from the India-Eurasia collision along thrusts like the Main Central Thrust (folded near Naran), has produced the fractured gneisses and schists of the Lulu Sar Gneisses, part of the broader Kaghan Group. The resulting landscape encloses high-altitude basins, enhancing the isolation of the alpine environment.^[12]

Hydrology and the Lake

Lake Characteristics

Lulusar Lake is an alpine lake situated at an elevation of 3,410 m (11,200 ft) above sea level in the Kaghan Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.^[13] It measures approximately 2–3 km in length and up to 1 km in width, presenting a narrow, elongated shape with mirror-like turquoise waters that vividly reflect the encircling snow-capped peaks.^[1] The lake's serene appearance, often described as a high-altitude gem, results from its pristine, glassy surface under clear skies. Of glacial origin, Lulusar Lake formed through the accumulation of meltwater in a basin carved by ancient glacial activity, primarily fed by snowmelt from surrounding peaks including Malka Parbat and Makra Peak.^[13] Water levels exhibit seasonal fluctuations, rising significantly during summer from accelerated snow and ice melt and receding in winter as inflows diminish and the region experiences heavy snowfall.^[14] The lake maintains crystal-clear water quality, with turbidity consistently below 10 NTU across wet and dry seasons, indicative of oligotrophic conditions fostered by its remote high-altitude setting and negligible pollution inputs.^[14] This supports excellent overall water quality indices suitable for ecological and downstream uses.^[14]

Role in Kunhar River System

Lulusar Lake functions as the primary headwater source for the Kunhar River, with the river originating directly from the lake's outflow and extending approximately 171 kilometers southward through the Kaghan Valley before joining the Jhelum River.^[15] This connection integrates the lake into the broader Indus River basin hydrology, where it serves as a critical glacial-fed reservoir initiating the river's perennial flow.^[16] The outflow from Lulusar Lake emerges via a short stream at the lake's southern end, channeling water southwestward and establishing the Kunhar River's initial course.^[1] The river's annual discharge exhibits distinct seasonal patterns, primarily driven by monsoon rainfall from July to September and glacial and snowmelt contributions during warmer months, with snowmelt accounting for roughly 65% of the total yearly flow.^[17] These dynamics ensure a reliable water supply, though variability from climate influences can affect peak flows.^[15] The Kunhar River drains a watershed basin spanning about 2,650 km², encompassing high-altitude glacial catchments and alpine meadows that feed into the river system.^[18] This basin's waters play a vital role in regional water resource management, supporting irrigation for agricultural lands in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and powering multiple hydropower installations, including run-of-the-river projects like the 884 MW Suki Kinari facility.^[19] Such contributions underscore the lake's indirect influence on downstream socioeconomic activities without large-scale storage infrastructure.

Ecology and Environment

Flora

The flora of Lulusar, situated at an elevation of 3,410 meters in the high-altitude alpine environment of the Kaghan Valley, is characterized by distinct vegetation zones adapted to the cold, moist temperate conditions of the western Himalayas. Below 3,500 meters, subalpine forests dominate, featuring coniferous species such as blue pine (Pinus wallichiana) and West Himalayan fir (Abies pindrow), which form dense stands providing habitat influenced by surrounding peaks.^[20]^[21] These forests transition upward into alpine meadows above 3,300 meters, where herb-dominated grasslands prevail, including grasses and sedges like Poa species, alongside wildflowers such as Anemone, Gentiana, Potentilla, Primula, and Rhododendron.^[21]^[22] Notable among the high-altitude herbs is the endemic Himalayan rhubarb (Rheum australe), a rare perennial found along lake margins and moist alpine slopes, valued for its medicinal roots in traditional systems.^[23] This species thrives in the nutrient-rich, gravelly soils near water bodies, contributing to the biodiversity of the Lulusar-Dudipatsar area. Other subalpine elements include birch (Betula utilis) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) at the tree line, supporting a diverse understory of shrubs and perennials.^[21] Seasonal dynamics shape the flora's growth, with the primary blooming period occurring from June to August during snowmelt, when temperatures reach 15–20°C and moisture from the Kunhar River sustains herbaceous expansion.^[21] Winter snow cover from November to April limits vegetation to dormant states, preventing growth and protecting against extreme cold, while overgrazing in alpine meadows poses risks to regeneration.

Fauna

The alpine environment of Lulusar supports a diverse array of mammals adapted to high-altitude, rocky terrains and seasonal snow cover. The snow leopard (Panthera uncia), a solitary apex predator, inhabits the rugged peaks and slopes, relying on keen camouflage and powerful builds to hunt in this harsh landscape.^[24] Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica), agile ungulates with curved horns, frequent the steep cliffs and meadows, where they graze on sparse vegetation and evade predators through remarkable climbing abilities.^[25] Marmots (Marmota caudata), social burrowing rodents, thrive in grassy clearings and rocky outcrops, emerging in summer to forage and hibernate during long winters.^[26] Avian species in the region exhibit adaptations for soaring over vast elevations and nesting in inaccessible crags. The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), a large raptor with a wingspan exceeding 2 meters, patrols the skies for marmots and ibex, utilizing thermal updrafts in the valley.^[27] The Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus), a colorful pheasant with iridescent feathers, inhabits forested slopes and alpine scrub, where males display elaborate plumage during breeding seasons.^[26] Aquatic life in Lulusar Lake is constrained by the cold, oligotrophic waters, supporting primarily cold-tolerant fish species. Snow trout (Schizothorax spp.), including Schizothorax plagiostomus and Schizothorax labiatus, dominate the ichthyofauna, schooling in the clear depths and feeding on algae and invertebrates.^[28] Amphibians remain scarce in this high-elevation ecosystem.^[26] The ecology faces ongoing threats from tourism and infrastructure, including garbage accumulation from road construction as of 2025, which impacts water quality and habitats.^[25]

Conservation and National Park

Establishment of Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park

The Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park was established in 2003 by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department to safeguard the unique alpine ecosystems of the Kaghan Valley.^[29]^[30] This designation created a protected area spanning 30,376 hectares (303.76 km²), encompassing key features such as Lulusar Lake, Dudipatsar Lake, surrounding peaks, and associated glacial zones.^[31] The park's formation addressed the need to preserve fragile high-altitude habitats amid increasing environmental pressures from regional development.^[29] The primary objectives of the park include the protection of biodiversity through habitat conservation, preservation of critical watersheds that feed into the Kunhar River system, and promotion of sustainable tourism practices to balance ecological integrity with economic benefits for local communities.^[31]^[32] These goals align with Pakistan's broader national park framework under IUCN Category II, emphasizing large-scale natural area management for long-term ecosystem health.^[32] Administratively, the park operates within Pakistan's national protected areas system, with oversight by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department, which enforces regulations on resource use and boundary delineation to include diverse zones from subalpine forests to permanent snowfields.^[31]^[29] This structure ensures coordinated management, integrating federal guidelines with provincial implementation to maintain the park's role as a vital biodiversity hotspot.^[30]

Conservation Efforts and Challenges

Conservation efforts in the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park focus on protecting its high-altitude wetlands and biodiversity through regulatory measures and collaborative initiatives. Hunting and fishing are strictly prohibited within the park to preserve the ecosystem and associated species.^[33]^[34] WWF-Pakistan supports broader wetland conservation in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, including restoration projects under the Recharge Pakistan initiative, which promotes forest and wetland health to enhance climate resilience in the Indus Basin region encompassing the Kunhar River watershed.^[35] Since 2010, reforestation efforts in northern Pakistan have aimed to counteract deforestation, though specific programs in the park emphasize participatory community management for sustainable resource use.^[35] Ecotourism guidelines promoted by WWF-Pakistan encourage responsible visitor practices to minimize environmental impacts in sensitive areas like the Kaghan Valley.^[36] Anti-poaching patrols are implemented to address illegal hunting, a persistent threat to mammals such as the snow leopard in high-altitude wetlands.^[37] Biodiversity surveys conducted post-2003 have documented key species, including 47 bird species at Lulusar Lake, providing baseline data for ongoing protection.^[37] Monitoring efforts utilize satellite imagery and remote sensing for assessing watershed health in the broader Indus system, aiding in the detection of changes in lake morphology and vegetation cover.^[35] The park faces significant challenges from environmental pressures that threaten its ecological integrity. Climate change-induced glacial retreat in northern Pakistan's Hindu Kush-Himalaya region is altering water dynamics in the Kunhar River basin, with projections indicating up to a 66% loss of glaciers by the end of the century and potential reductions in low flows by 18–99% in certain seasons, risking lake shrinkage and ecosystem disruption.^[35]^[19] Tourism-related waste and pollution, including littering and debris from visitor activities, degrade water quality and scenic value around Lulusar Lake.^[25]^[38] Overgrazing by local herders contributes to soil erosion and vegetation loss, exacerbating habitat degradation in alpine meadows.^[25]^[37] In January 2025, a proposed trout fish farming initiative within the park sparked public outcry over potential ecological harm from commercial activities in the protected area.^[39] These issues are compounded by limited long-term monitoring, relying mostly on periodic surveys rather than continuous data collection.^[37] Species such as the snow leopard remain at risk from poaching and habitat pressures documented in regional assessments.^[37]

Tourism and Human Interaction

Accessibility and Infrastructure

Lulusar Lake is accessible via the N-15 national highway, which runs from Mansehra through the Kaghan Valley, with the lake situated approximately 48 kilometers north of Naran. The route from Naran follows a rugged jeep track suitable for four-wheel-drive vehicles, typically taking about 2 hours to traverse. Local jeeps can be hired in Naran for around PKR 5,000–10,000 per trip during peak season (as of 2025).^[40]^[41]^[42]^[1]^[43] Infrastructure at the site remains basic, featuring rest areas and parking spaces along the lake's edge to accommodate day visitors. No permanent lodges or overnight facilities exist directly at Lulusar Lake, though numerous hotels and guesthouses are available in the nearby town of Naran for accommodations. Entry to the encompassing Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park incurs a nominal fee, generally PKR 100–200 depending on visitor category and vehicle type (as of 2025), to support conservation efforts.^[44]^[9]^[45] Access is restricted seasonally from late May to October, as heavy snowfall leads to road closures along the N-15 highway during winter months, rendering the route impassable. At an elevation exceeding 3,000 meters, the high altitude poses risks of sickness for unacclimatized visitors, necessitating precautions such as gradual ascent and hydration.^[46]^[42]

Visitor Activities and Impacts

Visitors to Lulusar Lake primarily engage in low-impact activities that highlight its natural beauty, including photography to capture the alpine scenery and surrounding snow-capped peaks, picnicking along the lakeshore amid lush meadows, and short hikes or nature walks around the perimeter to explore the pristine environment.^[33]^[34] These pursuits are popular due to the lake's accessibility by road and its serene setting at an elevation of over 11,000 feet, attracting nature enthusiasts during the summer months from May to October.^[1] Fishing and boating, while occasionally mentioned as potential activities in the broader Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park, are generally prohibited or strictly regulated at Lulusar Lake itself to protect the fragile aquatic ecosystem and prevent disturbance to the Kunhar River's headwaters.^[34]^[47] Authorities enforce these restrictions to maintain water quality and biodiversity, aligning with national park guidelines that prioritize conservation over recreational water use.^[48] The lake sees a significant influx of tourists as part of the Kaghan Valley's overall appeal, with the valley attracting millions of visitors annually, many of whom stop at Lulusar en route to higher-altitude sites like Babusar Pass.^[26] Pre-2020 estimates for the valley hovered around 500,000 to 1 million domestic and international tourists per season, with numbers surging post-COVID due to a provincial eco-tourism push in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, reaching over 5 million for Naran-Kaghan in 2023 and continued growth in 2024–2025.^[49]^[50] Lulusar, as a roadside highlight, likely draws tens of thousands of these visitors yearly, contributing to peak-season crowds in June and July.^[9] Tourism at Lulusar provides positive economic impacts by boosting local livelihoods through small businesses such as guiding services, handicraft sales, and roadside vending, with studies showing significant revenue generation for communities in the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park area.^[51] This influx supports employment and infrastructure development in remote Kaghan Valley villages, where tourism accounts for a key portion of seasonal income.^[52] However, negative environmental effects include litter accumulation from picnickers and hikers, leading to pollution in meadows and water edges, as well as trail erosion from foot traffic during high-visitor periods. In 2025, road construction activities have contributed additional waste buildup near the lake.^[25] These issues have prompted organized cleanups, such as initiatives led by local authorities and community groups in 2018, which removed waste and raised awareness for responsible tourism practices like carrying out trash.^[53]^[54]

History and Exploration

Early References

The earliest documented references to Lulusar Lake appear in local folklore and indigenous practices predating formal colonial records, where it was regarded as a sacred site with healing properties. According to traditional accounts preserved in regional oral histories, the lake's waters restored the sight of Mughal Emperor Akbar's blind daughter after she bathed there in the 16th century, embedding Lulusar in narratives of spiritual significance and pilgrimage-like visits by locals seeking miraculous cures.^[55] These stories highlight its role as a revered natural feature in pre-colonial Pashtun and adjacent tribal lore. The name "Lulusar" derives from Pashto roots where "sar" denotes a peak or summit, reflecting its high-altitude prominence. In the 19th century, British surveys first mapped Lulusar as a remote alpine lake in the upper Kaghan Valley, noting its strategic position along herding routes used by nomadic Gujjar and Kohistani tribes for seasonal grazing. These tribes, including Pashtun-influenced groups from neighboring areas, traversed the valley's pastures around the lake during summer migrations, herding sheep, goats, cattle, and buffaloes on the grassy slopes from mid-June onward, with the lake serving as a key waypoint for water and rest.^[56] The 1895 confidential report on Kaghan and adjoining territories by Major C. M. Mason described Lulusar as an irregular crescent-shaped body of water, approximately 1.5 miles long and 300 yards wide at an elevation of about 11,000 feet, emphasizing its isolation amid grand mountains and its utility for transhumant pastoralism.^[56] Colonial gazetteers further documented Lulusar in the context of the Kunhar River's origin, portraying it as the primary source of this vital waterway that flows turbulently for about 110 miles to join the Jhelum at Pattan. The Gazetteer of the Hazara District (1907), compiling earlier surveys from the late 19th century, detailed the lake's dimensions—approximately 2 miles long, 300 yards wide, with an average depth of 150 feet at 11,167 feet elevation—and its feeding by streams like Gitidas and Aphuta Pani, while underscoring its role in local herding economies and as a pass leading toward Chilas.^[55] A notable historical incident tied to these mappings occurred in July 1849, when mutineers from the 55th Native Infantry crossed the Kunhar near Lulusar and entered a nullah about two miles south of the lake, leading to the surrender of 124 sepoys and the later seizure of 43 others by Kashmiri forces; the site retains the name Purhiala ka katlm in commemoration.^[55] These pre-1900 records, drawn from Punjab provincial surveys, positioned Lulusar as a peripheral yet essential feature in Himalayan frontier geography, blending indigenous knowledge of its pastoral and spiritual value with emerging colonial cartography.^[55]

Modern Exploration and Development

The development of access routes to Lulusar Lake significantly advanced in the mid-20th century, building on earlier British-era paths. The Babusar Pass road, initially constructed by the British in the late 19th century to connect the Kaghan Valley with northern regions, was substantially upgraded by Pakistan during the 1950s and 1960s as part of broader infrastructure efforts to link the area with the emerging Karakoram Highway network.^[57] This improvement transformed the pass into a more reliable route passable by standard vehicles during summer months, facilitating easier travel from Naran to Lulusar and beyond to Chilas, thereby boosting regional connectivity and early tourism.^[58] A pivotal modern development occurred in 2003 with the establishment of the Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park, encompassing Lulusar Lake and surrounding peaks in the Kaghan Valley of Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (see Conservation and National Park section for details).^[47]^[59] This 75,058-acre protected area was created to conserve the region's biodiversity, alpine meadows, and glacial features, including the headwaters of the Kunhar River at Lulusar.^[59] The park's formation marked a shift toward sustainable management, integrating conservation with controlled tourism infrastructure, such as rest houses and eco-friendly trails developed by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Tourism Corporation.^[60] Scientific exploration of Lulusar and the broader Kaghan Valley has intensified since the late 20th century, driven by geological and environmental research. Seminal studies have focused on the valley's ultra-high-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks, revealing a multistage exhumation history tied to the India-Asia collision, as detailed in analyses of eclogites and gneisses around Lulusar.^[61] More recent ecological surveys have assessed climate change impacts on the Kunhar River basin originating at Lulusar, projecting reduced water yields under A2 and B2 scenarios due to glacial retreat and altered precipitation patterns.^[19] These efforts, including evaluations of ecosystem services like water provisioning and biodiversity, underscore Lulusar's role in Himalayan environmental monitoring.^[62] Tourism infrastructure around Lulusar expanded notably from the 1980s onward, with Naran emerging as a central hub offering over 100 hotels and organized excursions to the lake by late June each year.^[60] This growth has been supported by provincial initiatives promoting nature-based tourism, though challenges like seasonal road closures and recovery from the 2022 floods persist as of 2025.^[26] Recent studies on heavy metal contamination in Lulusar Lake highlight ongoing environmental monitoring to balance development with ecological integrity.^[63]

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[40]
Lulusar Lake: The Mysterious and Majestic Place in Kaghan
Aug 1, 2023 · It is said that the lake was named after the princess, Lulusar, and her tragic love story has been passed down through generations. Ancient ...
[41]
[PDF] natura-51-edition-1_compressed--1-.pdf - WWF
Oct 10, 2024 · Through the work of WWF-Pakistan, we showcase the critical role of conservation efforts in protecting wetlands, RAMSAR sites, rivers, and ...
[42]
Experts Highlight the Importance of Sustainable Mountain Tourism ...
Dec 16, 2021 · The experts stressed on public engagement in developing policies around sustainable tourism, enhancing the capacity of local communities, ...Missing: Lulusar | Show results with:Lulusar
[43]
(PDF) High Altitude Wetlands of the HKH Region of Northern Pakistan
Aug 7, 2025 · High altitude wetlands of northern Pakistan are a vital link in the mountain ecology of the broader HKH region spanning southern Asia. In recent ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[44]
Kaghan valley's ecology vulnerable - Newspaper - DAWN.COM
Mar 22, 2020 · Comprising Saiful Muluk and Lolusar Dodiput national parks, the valley is home to exotic and endangered flora and fauna species. The Khyber ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[45]
WWF-Pakistan - Isn't the Lulusar Lake breathtakingly beautiful ...
Jul 15, 2014 · These green spaces aren't just about greenery – they're reshaping how communities connect, fostering belonging, resilience, and well‑being.
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[PDF] KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED TOURISM ...
The park was created in 2003. The scenic Dudipatsar Lake and Lulusar Lake and peaks are in the park. The flora includes the trees, shrubs, perennials, and ...
[47]
Lulusar Lake – Alpine Beauty of Kaghan Valley - Explore Naran
Lulusar Lake is a majestic alpine lake located at an elevation of 3,410 meters in the upper Kaghan Valley, around 48 kilometers from Naran.
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Lulusar Lake - Most Beautiful, Amazing & Wonderful Lakes of Pakistan
Jul 30, 2016 · Lulusar Lake, the sparkler of Kaghan Valley, is located in Beautiful Kaghan Valley. The word “sar” is a Pashto word means “top” or “peak”.<|control11|><|separator|>
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Babusar Lulusar Dudipatsar Parks Unbound - Vertical Explorers
There are multiple routes for travelers from Europe, East Asia, Austraila and the USA to reach Pakistan. The primary gateway is Islamabad International Airport.
[50]
https://minutemirror.com.pk/khyber-pakhtunkhwa-welcomes-over-169-million-tourists-in-2023-165337/
[51]
Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park - VisitSilkRoad
Lulusar-Dodipat National Park is located in the Kaghan Valley in Mansehra District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The park was created in 2003. The scenic ...
[52]
[PDF] Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Integrated Tourism Development Project
Feb 1, 2019 · The Convention has three main goals including: the conservation of biological diversity (or biodiversity); the sustainable use of its components ...
[53]
Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Has Witnessed A Tourism Boom Over The ...
Jan 2, 2024 · From January to December 2023, a total of 16,988,946 tourists visited the province. The count of foreign tourists was reported at 4,554. In 2023 ...
[54]
https://www.facebook.com/groups/thekarakoramclub2/posts/1245378097289638/
[55]
Effect of Tourism on Small Business in Lulusar-Dudipat National ...
Lulusar-Dudipat National Park is an attractive eco-tourism spot for people across the country and the majority of foreigners visit the park to see its ...
[56]
Artists lead initiative for cleaning tourist sites - The News International
Aug 9, 2018 · The first activity was held at Lulusar Lake on August 2 and the second at Lake Saiful Muluk on August 4. The initiative was taken as part of the ...
[57]
Clean up activity at Lulusar Lake Naran by Collector/Director ...
Sep 19, 2022 · Clean up activity at Lulusar Lake Naran by Collector/Director pakistan customs Academy & officers UT of Pakistan Customs during their Country ...
[58]
Full text of "Gazetteer Of The Hazara District, 1907" - Internet Archive
124 GAZETTEER OF THE HAZARA DISTRICT Latter Half of Eighteenth Century and Beginning of Nineteenth ... lake called Lulu Sar. It led to one of the passes ...
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None
Below is a merged response summarizing all mentions of Lulusar and Lulu Sar Lake from the provided segments. To retain the maximum amount of detail in a dense and organized format, I will use tables in CSV format where applicable, alongside narrative summaries for contextual information that doesn’t fit neatly into a table. The response integrates all data from the segments while avoiding redundancy and ensuring clarity.
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Journeying Along Pakistan's Karakoram Highway - Wild Frontiers
Oct 11, 2017 · All is now fine and we can head up to 4200m Babusar pass. This route was originally built by the British towards the end of the 19th century to ...
[61]
Everything You Need to Know About Babusar Pass - Graana.com
Oct 5, 2023 · The route remained in use from 1947 until 1978 when the KKH was officially opened for regular transportation. The British initially constructed ...
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Dudipatsar National Park - Pakistan Tourism Guide
Aug 7, 2015 · Lulusar-Dudipatsar is located in KPK and it was established in 2003. It is basically situated in Mansehra District and it covers 75,058 acres of ...
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None
### Summary of History, Exploration, and Development of Tourism/Infrastructure in Kaghan Valley (Focus on Lulusar Lake)
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The multistage exhumation history of the Kaghan Valley UHP series ...
Oct 1, 2010 · A spectacular record of crustal thickening, magmatism, multi-stage metamorphism, exhumation and extension, reflecting the subduction of Tethys ...
[65]
An Insight of Ecosystem Capitals and Services of the Kaghan Valley
Major land uses are grazing 55%, forest 24.6 %, agriculture 2.6% and the rest is built up, roads or barren land. Every available piece of land is cultivated, ...
[66]
Spatial distribution of hazard index via heavy metals consumption in ...
This study marks the first comprehensive evaluation of heavy metals contamination in the HLEs of Kaghan Valley, Pakistan. ... Lake (SML), and Lulusar Lake (LL).