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Surrender

Surrender is a unilateral act in the context of armed conflict whereby a combatant or group of combatants clearly and unambiguously expresses an intention to cease participation in hostilities, thereby rendering themselves hors de combat and submitting to the authority of an opposing force, which entitles them to protection from attack under international humanitarian law.^[1]^[2] This act requires a positive indication of non-hostile intent, such as laying down arms or raising hands, combined with circumstances allowing the enemy to reasonably discern and accept the offer without undue risk, followed by processing into captivity if genuine.^[1]^[2] Rooted in medieval chivalric practices that emphasized honorable capitulation for elites, surrender evolved into a customary rule of warfare by the late 19th century, codified in instruments like the 1907 Hague Regulations prohibiting harm to those who have laid down arms and the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions safeguarding those expressing surrender intent.^[2] Strategically, it enables the orderly termination of engagements, preserving combatants' lives and resources when continued resistance proves untenable, though it demands collective coordination to overcome individual incentives to fight on amid uncertainty.^[3] Notable controversies include perfidious false surrenders, which lure enemies into vulnerability and constitute war crimes under both treaty and customary law, as seen in historical ambushes and modern drone-era challenges where signaling intent remains feasible only if verifiable.^[2]^[1]

Definition and etymology

Core concept and meanings

Surrender denotes the act of yielding possession, control, or resistance to another party, typically under compulsion, demand, or necessity, thereby ceasing opposition and accepting the prevailing authority or condition.^[4] This core concept implies a deliberate relinquishment of autonomy or claim, often to avoid greater harm, as continued resistance would prove futile or disproportionately costly in terms of resources, lives, or outcomes.^[5] From a causal standpoint, surrender arises when the balance of power or incentives shifts decisively, rendering persistence irrational; empirical observations across historical conflicts and negotiations confirm that it frequently preserves capabilities for future recovery rather than total annihilation.^[6] As a verb, surrender primarily means to deliver up something—such as territory, rights, or oneself—into the possession or power of another on demand or under duress, as in military capitulation where forces lay down arms to an adversary.^[4] It can also signify agreeing to forgo a claim or pursuit voluntarily, such as abandoning a legal right in favor of compromise, though this usage still presupposes an external pressure or superior alternative.^[7] The noun form refers to the formal act or instrument of such yielding, often documented to establish terms of submission.^[6] These meanings underscore surrender's dual nature: not mere passivity, but an active choice amid asymmetry, where the surrenderee trades immediate control for potential mitigation of losses. In broader semantic evolution, surrender extends to personal or abstract domains, denoting the abandonment of efforts to control outcomes, as in yielding to circumstances or emotions when manipulation proves ineffective.^[8] However, this psychological connotation retains the foundational element of recognition of limits, distinct from defeatism, as it can enable redirection of energy toward viable paths.^[9] Unlike synonyms such as "submit" or "capitulate," which emphasize humiliation, surrender often carries implications of negotiated terms, reflecting pragmatic realism over emotional surrender.^[4] Across usages, the concept prioritizes empirical assessment of power dynamics, where verifiable disparities in force or leverage dictate the rational endpoint of resistance.

Linguistic origins and evolution

The English verb "surrender" first appeared in the early 15th century, borrowed from Anglo-French and Old French surrendre (attested from the 13th century), which literally means "to give up" or "deliver over." This Old French term combines the prefix sur- ("over," derived from Latin super) with rendre ("to render" or "give back," from Latin reddere, a compound of red- "back" and dare "to give"). The Latin reddere ultimately stems from the Proto-Indo-European root do- ("to give"), reflecting a foundational semantic emphasis on transferring possession or authority.^[10]^[4] The noun form emerged concurrently in the early 15th century, primarily in legal senses denoting the formal yielding of property, estates, or rights, as in feudal tenancies where a tenant would "surrender" holdings to a lord. The Oxford English Dictionary cites the verb's earliest attestation in 1466, underscoring its integration into Middle English via Norman legal influences post-1066 Conquest. This origin displaced native Old English phrases for yielding, such as those implying "handing over," due to the prestige of French-derived terminology in law and administration.^[11]^[10] Linguistically, the term's core meaning of compelled transferral evolved modestly through the Renaissance and early modern periods, extending from tangible property delivery to reflexive uses like "surrendering oneself" as a prisoner, first recorded in the 1580s. By the 17th century, it broadened to military capitulation and abstract concessions without undergoing pejoration or amelioration, retaining its connotation of submission to superior force or claim. This stability contrasts with more volatile semantic shifts in related verbs like "yield," highlighting "surrender"'s enduring association with formal, often involuntary relinquishment.^[10]^[11]

Military and strategic contexts

Types of surrender

Individual surrender involves a combatant or small group unilaterally signaling an intent to cease hostilities, typically through unambiguous acts such as raising hands above the head, discarding weapons, or displaying a white flag in a manner discernible to the enemy. Under international humanitarian law, this renders the surrendering party hors de combat, prohibiting attacks against them provided they abstain from hostile acts and do not attempt to escape.^[1]^[2] Such surrenders must be unconditional to confer protected status, as conditional offers—demanding specific treatment before submission—are not recognized as effective under customary rules.^[1] Collective surrender extends this principle to organized units or larger formations, where commanders order troops to lay down arms or raise collective signals like white flags over positions. This type requires the enemy to reasonably perceive the intent amid battlefield chaos, with effectiveness hinging on clear communication and the feasibility of acceptance; for instance, surrenders in active air or fluid ground engagements may be impractical and thus invalid.^[2]^[1] Historical examples include the 1971 surrender of 93,000 Pakistani troops to Indian forces, executed collectively under command authority.^[1] Like individual cases, collective surrenders demand unconditional submission to the captor's authority, though practical enforcement often follows capture.^[2] Capitulation denotes a formal, negotiated agreement for the surrender of a specific military body, such as an army corps, fortress, city, or territory, typically concluded between commanding officers.^[12] Unlike unilateral surrenders, capitulations may incorporate conditions, such as guarantees for prisoner treatment, evacuation rights, or honors of war, and often require surrendering forces to vacate the area for occupation by the victor.^[12]^[13] This form arises when resistance becomes untenable but total rout is avoidable, serving as a structured end to engagements under mutual consent rather than implied solely by gestures.^[12] Unconditional surrender represents an extreme variant, applied at tactical, operational, or strategic levels, where the vanquished party receives no assurances or negotiated terms, fully submitting to the victor's discretion.^[14] Demanded in conflicts aiming for decisive victory to preclude future threats, it contrasts with conditional forms by eliminating bargaining, though its enforcement can paradoxically yield negotiated outcomes post-formal acceptance, as strategic realities dictate.^[14] In international law, while individual and collective surrenders default to unconditional status for protection, broader capitulations or national yields may evolve into unconditional if initial terms fail.^[13]^[1]

Procedures and international law

Surrender in military contexts is governed by international humanitarian law (IHL), which recognizes it as a unilateral act whereby combatants or armed forces manifest an intention to cease hostilities and place themselves under the power of an adverse party.^[13] This act renders the surrendering individuals hors de combat, prohibiting attacks against them provided they abstain from hostile acts, as established under customary IHL Rule 47.^[15] Procedures for indicating surrender require clear, unambiguous signals to ensure the receiving party can recognize the intent and respond appropriately, avoiding risks of misinterpretation or perfidy. Common methods include raising a white flag, hoisting hands above the head, discarding weapons, or verbal declarations, often combined with approaching openly and slowly without concealed threats.^[13] ^[1] Upon detection, the opposing force must verify the surrender's genuineness—such as by instructing the individuals to halt, lie prone, or advance with hands visible—before securing them, as failure to do so may expose troops to hidden combatants.^[1] International law mandates acceptance of a valid surrender, prohibiting the killing or wounding of enemies who have laid down arms or surrendered at discretion, per Article 23(c) of the 1907 Hague Convention IV Regulations.^[16] Surrendered personnel qualifying as combatants under Article 4 of the 1949 Third Geneva Convention are entitled to prisoner-of-war status, including protections against violence, torture, and summary execution, with captors required to provide humane treatment during processing and internment. Feigning surrender constitutes perfidy and is forbidden under Article 37 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions, as it undermines the legal framework's reliance on reliable signals of non-combatancy.^[13] While IHL does not prescribe rejection of genuine surrenders, practical constraints—such as distance, chaos of battle, or inability to safeguard captives—may limit acceptance in specific scenarios, though customary law emphasizes the obligation to refrain from harm once intent is discernible.^[2] These rules, rooted in the 1899 and 1907 Hague Conventions and refined by the 1949 Geneva Conventions, apply in international armed conflicts and, to varying extents, non-international ones via customary norms.^[16]

Historical examples

One prominent historical example of military surrender occurred during the American Revolutionary War at the Siege of Yorktown. On October 19, 1781, British General Charles Cornwallis surrendered his army of approximately 8,000 troops to a combined American and French force led by General George Washington and Lieutenant General Rochambeau, following a siege that began on September 28. This capitulation, which included the stacking of arms and marching out with colors cased, marked the last major battle of the war and prompted the British government to negotiate peace, leading to the Treaty of Paris in 1783 that recognized American independence.^[17]^[18] In the American Civil War, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. After a failed attempt to break through Union lines that morning, Lee, facing encirclement and dwindling supplies for his roughly 28,000 exhausted soldiers, accepted terms that allowed officers to retain sidearms and permitted parole for the troops, avoiding further bloodshed. This event, while not immediately ending all Confederate resistance, symbolized the collapse of the rebellion, with subsequent surrenders by other Confederate forces following within weeks, effectively concluding the war that had claimed over 620,000 lives.^[19]^[20]^[21] World War II in Europe concluded with the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany. On May 7, 1945, in Reims, France, General Alfred Jodl signed the instrument on behalf of the German High Command, effective at 11:01 p.m. Central European Time, after Adolf Hitler's suicide and the collapse of organized resistance amid Allied advances from both east and west. A ratified version was signed in Berlin on May 8 to satisfy Soviet demands, proclaiming Victory in Europe Day and halting hostilities that had resulted in tens of millions of deaths, though isolated pockets of German forces continued fighting briefly.^[22]^[23]^[24] The Pacific theater ended with Japan's formal surrender on September 2, 1945, aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, following Emperor Hirohito's radio announcement on August 15 accepting the Potsdam Declaration's terms after atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and General Yoshijiro Umezu signed for Japan, committing to disarmament and Allied occupation, which terminated a war initiated by Japan in 1937 (or 1941 in the broader global conflict) that caused over 20 million Asian deaths alone. This surrender averted a projected costly invasion of the Japanese home islands, estimated to cost hundreds of thousands of additional Allied casualties.^[25]^[26]^[27]

Strategic rationales, benefits, and criticisms

Strategic rationales for military surrender center on the assessment that continued resistance yields diminishing returns relative to costs, particularly when defensive positions are untenable and further combat risks total annihilation without altering outcomes. This decision-making aligns with cost-benefit analysis in warfare, where commanders weigh preserved manpower, equipment, and civilian lives against the marginal utility of prolonged fighting; for instance, surrender facilitates cessation of hostilities without a climactic battle, enabling the defender to retain some political leverage for postwar negotiations.^[28] Empirical models of battlefield dynamics demonstrate that surrender often propagates as a collective equilibrium, triggered when combatants observe peers defecting due to eroded expectations of mutual resolve, thereby averting cascading collapses into routs.^[3] Benefits include substantial reductions in fatalities and material losses, as evidenced by historical precedents where capitulation precluded invasions or sieges that would have incurred disproportionate destruction. In early modern European conflicts from 1500 to 1789, formalized honorable surrender protocols allowed surrendering elites to secure ransoms, parole, and survival, transforming potential massacres into structured transfers of control that preserved social hierarchies and resources for reconstruction.^[29] During the American Civil War's Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, Union captures of Confederate forces via surrender spared thousands from death or wounding, with prisoners often faring better than combatants exposed to prolonged engagements.^[30] Unconditional surrender, when accepted, has paradoxically supported enduring peaces by eliminating revanchist elements, though this hinges on the victor's capacity to enforce reconstruction without indefinite occupation.^[31] Criticisms highlight surrender's potential to erode deterrence and invite opportunistic escalations, as yielding territory or forces signals vulnerability that adversaries may exploit for maximal concessions. U.S. military doctrine, reflected in the Uniform Code of Military Justice's Article 100, criminalizes actions compelling superior officers to surrender, underscoring a cultural imperative to resist until exhaustion to maintain unit cohesion and national credibility.^[32] In World War II, Allied insistence on unconditional surrender faced accusations of needlessly extending the Pacific theater by foreclosing conditional exits for Japan prior to atomic bombings and Soviet entry, though analyses refute this by noting Tokyo's entrenched militarism precluded earlier deals.^[28] Strategically, surrenders in asymmetric contexts, such as insurgencies, risk forfeiting initiative and enabling enemy consolidation, as insurgents weigh political will against operational incapacity and may renege if terms falter, per case studies of groups like the Viet Cong.^[33]

Legal applications

Surrender of rights and property

In legal contexts, surrender refers to the voluntary relinquishment of a possessory or ownership interest in property, often formalized to terminate an existing arrangement such as a lease or contract. This act merges the inferior estate (e.g., a tenant's leasehold) into the superior one (e.g., the landlord's fee simple), extinguishing the tenant's rights without the need for eviction proceedings.^[34] Surrender can occur expressly through a written agreement or deed, or impliedly by operation of law when actions demonstrate intent to abandon the interest, such as a tenant vacating premises and the landlord re-entering or reletting the property.^[35] A common application arises in landlord-tenant relationships, where a deed of surrender is executed to transfer the tenant's leasehold interest back to the landlord, allowing the latter to regain full possession and potentially avoid disputes over abandonment or forfeiture. For instance, under English common law principles adopted in many jurisdictions, this requires mutual consent and clear evidence of relinquishment, preventing unilateral termination by either party.^[36] ^[37] In the United States, such surrenders must comply with state-specific statutes; failure to properly document can lead to continued liability for rent or damages.^[38] Surrender extends to personal property and intangible rights, including intellectual property. Patent holders may voluntarily surrender rights by filing a request with the patent office, resulting in the immediate cessation of protection upon acceptance, as seen in procedures under the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or equivalent bodies. Similarly, in insurance law, policyholders can surrender life insurance contracts for a cash value payout, forfeiting future benefits and ownership claims to the policy as a contractual property interest.^[39] Involuntary surrenders, such as under IRS levy provisions, compel third parties to relinquish property rights upon demand, with non-compliance exposing them to personal liability equal to the property's value.^[40] Consequences of surrender include the loss of reversionary interests and potential tax implications, such as capital gains recognition on transferred value. Courts scrutinize these acts for duress or fraud, requiring evidence of informed consent to uphold validity, thereby protecting against coerced waivers of property entitlements.^[41]

Criminal and contractual surrenders

In criminal law, surrender typically denotes the voluntary submission of an accused individual to law enforcement or judicial authorities, such as when addressing an active arrest warrant. This self-surrender contrasts with forcible arrest and signals cooperation, potentially leading to favorable considerations like reduced bail amounts or avoidance of additional charges for evasion.^[42]^[43]^[44] For instance, in jurisdictions like Florida, individuals may coordinate with counsel to surrender at a specified time and location, allowing for immediate processing and arraignment.^[42] Failure to surrender, by contrast, arises as a distinct offense when a defendant released on bail or personal recognizance neglects to return to custody as court-ordered, often escalating penalties including forfeiture of bail and new warrants.^[45] Surrender hearings provide a structured mechanism for fugitives to voluntarily appear before a judge, mitigating risks of surprise apprehension and enabling negotiation of terms.^[46] In extradition contexts, surrender involves the formal transfer of a criminal suspect from one jurisdiction to another where the offense occurred, compelled by statutes like the U.S. Uniform Criminal Extradition Act or international treaties, ensuring due process while prioritizing prosecutorial interests.^[47] Contractual surrenders primarily manifest in property and tenancy law, where a party—most commonly a tenant—voluntarily relinquishes possession and associated rights under a lease agreement to the landlord or counterparty, effecting termination of the contract.^[38] This act can be explicit, documented via a deed of surrender that formally conveys the leasehold interest and waives future claims, or implied through conduct demonstrably inconsistent with ongoing tenancy, such as abandoning premises with mutual intent to end the lease.^[36]^[48] For example, under English law principles adopted in common law systems, unequivocal actions by both parties, like a tenant handing over keys while the landlord accepts repossession, trigger surrender by operation of law without requiring written agreement.^[48] Surrender clauses in lease contracts explicitly authorize early termination under defined conditions, allowing lessees to yield rights in exchange for release from obligations, though landlords must typically accept to avoid unilateral repudiation claims.^[49] In broader commercial agreements, surrender may extend to yielding collateral or specific performance rights, but it demands clear evidence of intent to prevent disputes over implied waivers, distinguishing it from mere breach or novation.^[50] Such mechanisms promote efficient dispute resolution but require scrutiny of underlying motivations, as coerced or uninformed surrenders risk invalidation under duress doctrines in jurisdictions like the U.S. and U.K.^[51]

Psychological and philosophical dimensions

Surrender in decision theory and rational choice

In decision theory, surrender represents a rational choice to terminate pursuit of an objective when the expected utility of continuing exceeds neither the utility of concession nor resource reallocation. This assessment relies on prospective costs and benefits, excluding sunk costs—irreversible prior investments that do not alter future outcomes. Rational agents evaluate options under uncertainty using frameworks like expected utility maximization, where surrender occurs if the anticipated value of persistence drops below alternatives, such as negotiation or withdrawal.^[52]^[53] Formal models extend this logic to specific domains. The Simple Surrender Model, for instance, addresses binary outcome scenarios (e.g., win or lose) by incorporating a surrender option into expected utility calculations, using a "house edge" metric to set decision thresholds based on probabilities and piecewise return functions. This approach optimizes loss minimization by filtering parameters (e.g., house edge from 0 to 0.075) and visualizing surrender points, as demonstrated in card game applications via computational simulation.^[54] In optimal stopping problems, akin to surrender timing, agents compute the value of waiting versus halting, solving for boundaries where continuation yields negative marginal returns; this is formalized through dynamic programming or stochastic processes to derive stopping rules that maximize overall payoff.^[55] Game-theoretic applications, such as war termination models, frame surrender as equilibrium behavior when the expected utility of prolonged conflict falls below settlement prospects, even in high-stakes asymmetric disputes. Rational surrender avoids escalation traps, as seen in analyses where unconditional capitulation emerges if reversible costs outweigh victory probabilities.^[56] Behavioral deviations, however, undermine this rationality; the sunk cost fallacy prompts irrational persistence, where agents overweigh past expenditures despite unfavorable forward projections, leading to suboptimal outcomes in experimental and real-world settings.^[57] Empirical studies confirm that overriding such biases—via explicit future-oriented deliberation—enhances decision quality, aligning choices with causal realities over emotional commitments.^[53]

Empirical benefits and potential drawbacks

Empirical research on psychological surrender—conceptualized as the voluntary acceptance of uncontrollable circumstances without resistance—demonstrates associations with stress reduction and improved coping efficacy. A study examining spiritual re-surrender processes found that participants who engaged in letting go of futile control efforts experienced paradoxically heightened perceived control over their lives, alongside diminished distress levels.^[58] Similarly, radical acceptance techniques, akin to surrender, have shown efficacy in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder, with clinical trials reporting symptom alleviation through reduced emotional avoidance.^[58] In addiction recovery contexts, surrender plays a pivotal role; longitudinal analyses of twelve-step program participants indicate that embracing surrender correlates with superior psychological health outcomes and higher rates of abstinence maintenance, as measured by self-reported well-being and relapse incidence over follow-up periods.^[58] The State of Surrender (SoS) scale, validated for reliability (Cronbach's α ≈ 0.90) and convergent validity, reveals consistent positive correlations with indicators of psychological thriving, flourishing, happiness, and life satisfaction across multiple samples, even after controlling for psychological flexibility.^[59] A pilot study involving 123 individuals in residential substance use treatment further evidenced SoS as a mediator in the pathway from treatment engagement (e.g., participation and rapport metrics, R² ≥ 0.21) to enhanced presence of meaning in life, suggesting surrender facilitates adaptive reorientation toward valued activities.^[60] Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which incorporates surrender to internal experiences like discomfort or uncertainty, yields robust empirical support for alleviating anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, with meta-analyses confirming moderate to large effect sizes (Cohen's d ≈ 0.5–0.8) in randomized controlled trials compared to waitlist controls.^[61] These benefits stem from causal mechanisms such as defusion from unhelpful thoughts and commitment to behavioral activation, reducing experiential avoidance that perpetuates psychopathology.^[62] Notwithstanding these advantages, empirical evidence on drawbacks remains limited and context-dependent, with cross-sectional designs in SoS research precluding strong causal inferences about long-term outcomes.^[60] In ACT applications, acceptance-focused surrender may insufficiently address trauma processing for some individuals, potentially prolonging unresolved emotional content by prioritizing coexistence over restructuring, as critiqued in comparative therapy reviews.^[63] Adherence challenges arise, with reports of exhaustion or distress from sustained acceptance practices in subsets of clients, particularly those preferring directive change-oriented interventions.^[64] Moreover, while not directly tested for surrender, theoretical models propose a surrender-struggle continuum, implying that extreme surrender without balanced effort could contribute to languishing states by undermining proactive agency in modifiable domains.^[65] Evidence for severe mental illnesses remains sparse, with ACT showing weaker efficacy relative to traditional CBT in such cases, highlighting potential mismatches for high-acuity presentations.^[66]

Religious and spiritual interpretations

Surrender to divine will in monotheistic traditions

In Islam, the concept of surrender to divine will is central, as the term "Islam" derives from the Arabic root s-l-m, specifically from aslama, meaning "to submit" or "to surrender" one's will to God (Allah). This submission, known as islam in its verbal form, entails complete obedience to God's commands as revealed in the Quran and exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad, who is reported to have taught that true faith involves aligning one's desires with divine decree (qadar). Key Quranic verses underscore this, such as Surah Al-Baqarah 2:208, which urges believers to "enter into submission [islam] wholly" without partiality, and Surah Al-Imran 3:19, stating that "the religion in the sight of Allah is Islam" interpreted as self-surrender to Him. Another example is Abraham's response in Surah Al-Baqarah 2:131, where he declares submission to the Lord of the worlds upon God's command. Islamic theology, as articulated by scholars like those at the Yaqeen Institute, posits that surrendering personal will to God's legislative will transforms fate positively, emphasizing reliance (tawakkul) over self-reliance.^[67]^[68]^[69]^[70] In Christianity, surrender to God's will is modeled by Jesus' prayer in the Garden of Gethsemane, recorded in Luke 22:42: "Father, if you are willing, take this cup from me; yet not my will, but yours be done," demonstrating voluntary submission amid suffering. This aligns with the Lord's Prayer in Matthew 6:10, which petitions "your kingdom come, your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven," framing surrender as active alignment with divine purpose over human preference. New Testament exhortations, such as James 4:7—"Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you"—and Romans 12:2, urging transformation by renewing the mind to discern God's will, portray surrender as essential for spiritual renewal and resistance to sin. Early Christian writings and modern interpretations, like those emphasizing self-denial in Matthew 16:24 ("Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross"), link this to discipleship, where yielding personal autonomy fosters reliance on God's sovereignty.^[71]^[72] Judaism emphasizes submission to God's will through adherence to the Torah's commandments (mitzvot), viewing it as the path to effective living by transcending finite self-will. In the Hebrew Bible, Abraham's binding of Isaac (Genesis 22:1-18) exemplifies unquestioning obedience, as he proceeds despite personal anguish, affirming "Here I am" (hinneni) in response to divine call. The Psalms reinforce this, with Psalm 40:8 stating, "I desire to do your will, my God; your law is within my heart," portraying surrender as internalized covenantal fidelity. Rabbinic tradition, as in Chabad teachings, holds that true freedom arises from yielding to God's infinite wisdom, contrasting with unchecked autonomy; Job's trials (Job 1-2) further illustrate endurance under divine decree without demanding explanation. This framework prioritizes practical observance—over 613 mitzvot—over mystical passivity, integrating submission with ethical action in daily life.^[73]^[74]

Surrender in Eastern philosophies and practices

In Hinduism, particularly within the framework of Patanjali's Yoga Sutras (compiled circa 400 CE), surrender manifests as ishvara pranidhana, the fifth niyama (personal observance), denoting devotion and complete surrender to Ishvara, interpreted as a supreme consciousness or divine principle beyond personal ego.^[75] This practice involves redirecting individual will and actions toward the divine, dissolving mental agitations (chitta vritti) by relinquishing attachment to outcomes, thereby facilitating samadhi (unified awareness).^[76] Proponents argue it counters ego-driven afflictions like desire and aversion, fostering inner peace through trust in a higher order, as evidenced in classical texts where it is one of three paths to liberation alongside kriya yoga and ashtanga yoga.^[75] Buddhism emphasizes surrender through non-attachment (nekkhamma or renunciation) and letting go of clinging (upadana), core to the Four Noble Truths, where suffering (dukkha) arises from attachment to impermanent phenomena and ceases via detachment.^[77] In Theravada and Mahayana traditions, this involves surrendering control over sensory desires and ego-identifications during meditation (vipassana), accepting anicca (impermanence) to end the cycle of rebirth (samsara).^[78] Texts like the Dhammapada (circa 3rd century BCE) illustrate this as observing thoughts without grasping, reducing reactivity; empirical parallels in modern mindfulness studies link such practices to lowered stress via neural plasticity, though causal claims remain interpretive.^[79] Taoism conceptualizes surrender via wu wei ("non-action" or effortless action), as articulated in the Tao Te Ching attributed to Lao Tzu (6th century BCE), advocating alignment with the Tao (the natural way) by yielding rather than imposing will.^[80] This entails surrendering resistance to life's flow, exemplified in water's yielding strength—eroding rock without force—promoting harmony (he) over conflict.^[81] Unlike passive resignation, wu wei requires cultivated awareness to act spontaneously when aligned, as Lao Tzu states: "The Tao does nothing, yet leaves nothing undone," underscoring surrender as paradoxical efficacy through non-interference.^[80] Across these traditions, surrender counters dualistic striving, prioritizing empirical observation of interdependence over anthropocentric control.^[82]

Cultural and popular representations

Depictions in literature and philosophy

In ancient epic literature, surrender often appears as a pragmatic response to inevitable defeat in warfare, highlighting themes of mercy, honor, and the limits of martial valor. In Homer's Iliad, defeated Trojan warriors frequently supplicate Greek heroes for their lives, grasping knees in ritual gestures of submission that underscore the cultural norms of battlefield quarter; such scenes portray surrender not as cowardice but as a calculated preservation of life amid heroic combat, with victors occasionally granting clemency based on personal honor rather than universal rule.^[83] Similarly, in the Odyssey, the suitors' belated offer of recompense and surrender to Odysseus during their slaughter reflects a desperate negotiation for survival, rejected due to prior violations of xenia (guest-host reciprocity), illustrating how surrender's acceptance hinges on prior ethical conduct.^[84] Twentieth-century war novels extend these motifs to modern total conflicts, where unconditional surrender symbolizes both strategic capitulation and existential disillusionment. Evelyn Waugh's Unconditional Surrender (1961), the final volume of his Sword of Honor trilogy, follows protagonist Guy Crouchback through World War II, depicting military surrenders—such as the Allied campaigns in Crete and Yugoslavia—as intertwined with personal moral compromises and the erosion of prewar ideals; Waugh critiques the era's demand for total submission as fostering bureaucratic absurdity and spiritual vacancy, drawing from his own wartime experiences.^[85] Philosophically, surrender features prominently in Stoic ethics as a rational accommodation to fate, emphasizing acceptance of external events beyond individual control to achieve inner tranquility. Epictetus, in his Discourses, advocates yielding to the divine order (logos) rather than resisting inevitable outcomes, viewing such surrender as essential for eudaimonia, as futile opposition only amplifies suffering; this is echoed in Marcus Aurelius's Meditations, where amor fati—loving one's fate—entails voluntary alignment with cosmic necessity, transforming potential defeat into virtuous endurance.^[86] In contrast, analytic philosopher G.E.M. Anscombe critiqued demands for unconditional military surrender, arguing in her 1947 pamphlet Modern Moral Philosophy (and later works) that such terms prolong wars by removing incentives for negotiated peace, potentially justifying excessive violence against civilians and contravening jus in bello principles; her analysis, informed by World War II's ethical aftermath, posits that rigid insistence on total submission undermines proportionality in just war doctrine.^[87] These depictions collectively frame surrender as a tension between agency and inevitability, varying from heroic accommodation in antiquity to ethically fraught imperatives in modern thought.

In media, arts, and entertainment

In film, surrender is frequently portrayed in historical war dramas, emphasizing military capitulation as a pivotal moment of resolution or tragedy. For instance, Steven Spielberg's Lincoln (2012) depicts the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, between Generals Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant, highlighting the formal exchange that effectively ended the American Civil War.^[88] Similarly, Oba: The Last Samurai (2011) illustrates the post-World War II surrender of Japanese holdout Captain Oba Sakae in December 1945, underscoring themes of prolonged resistance and eventual submission to imperial decree after Japan's formal capitulation on September 2, 1945.^[89] These representations often draw from primary historical accounts to convey the strategic and emotional weight of yielding, rather than glorifying defeat. Metaphorical surrender appears in non-war genres, such as superhero narratives exploring personal relinquishment. In Doctor Strange (2016), the protagonist's arc involves surrendering ego and control to mystical forces, symbolized through imagery of self-denial and immersion in cosmic order, aligning with narrative themes of transformation through acceptance.^[90] Contemporary horror films like The Surrender (2025) use the concept to probe grief and supernatural confrontation, opening with visceral scenes of demonic possession that frame surrender as a harrowing psychological breakdown rather than voluntary release.^[91] In music, "surrender" commonly evokes romantic or existential yielding, as in Cheap Trick's 1978 rock single "Surrender" from the album Heaven Tonight, which peaked at number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100 and lyrically contrasts parental expectations with youthful abandon.^[92] Céline Dion's "I Surrender," released in 2002 on A New Day Has Come, interprets it as emotional vulnerability in love, reaching number 1 on adult contemporary charts and reflecting ballad conventions of total devotion.^[93] More recent tracks, such as Godsmack's 2022 hard rock song "Surrender" from Lighting Up the Sky, frame it amid themes of inner conflict, achieving over 10 million streams on Spotify by emphasizing raw admission of defeat.^[94] These works prioritize introspective or relational dynamics over literal defeat. Visual arts have long captured surrender through historical battle scenes, notably Diego Velázquez's The Surrender of Breda (1634–1635), an oil painting commemorating the Spanish recapture of the Dutch city on June 5, 1625, where the victor Justin of Nassau yields his sword in a gesture of dignified restraint, symbolizing chivalric honor amid conquest as documented in contemporary chronicles.^[95] In contemporary video installation, Bill Viola's Surrender (2001) projects two figures dissolving into tears that merge with pooling water, evoking grief-induced capitulation to overwhelming emotion, with the work's immersive format intensifying viewer confrontation with vulnerability.^[96] Television occasionally explores domestic or thematic surrender, as in the short-lived sitcom Sweet Surrender (1976–1977), which aired on NBC and centered on a professional woman relinquishing her career for homemaking, drawing from 1970s cultural shifts toward traditional roles amid feminist debates.^[97] Such portrayals, though less recurrent than in film, often serve comedic or cautionary functions, contrasting individual agency against societal pressures.

References

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[PDF] The legal and practical elements of surrender in international ...
INTRODUCTION. The rule of surrender in international humanitarian law (IHL) is a fundamental principle intended to protect individuals in armed conflict and to ...
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The Rule of Surrender in International Humanitarian Law
Feb 21, 2018 · In its military context the act of surrender denotes that the person surrendering is no longer engaged in hostilities: that he or she is hors de ...
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[PDF] Until the Bitter End? The Diffusion of Surrender Across Battles
Jun 22, 2017 · Surrender emerges from a collective action problem, where soldiers' decisions to fight depend on whether they expect comrades to do the same, ...
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SURRENDER Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
1. a : to yield to the power, control, or possession of another upon compulsion or demand surrendered the fort b : to give up completely or agree to forgo ...
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SURRENDER | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
to give something that is yours to someone else because you have been forced to do so or because it is necessary to do so.
[6]
SURRENDER Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
verb (used with object) to yield (something) to the possession or power of another; deliver up possession of on demand or under duress. to surrender the fort ...
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SURRENDER definition in American English - Collins Dictionary
1. to give up possession of or power over; yield to another on demand or compulsion 2. to give up claim to; give over or yield, esp. voluntarily, as in favor ...
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surrender - American Heritage Dictionary Entry
1. To relinquish possession or control of (something) to another because of demand or compulsion: surrendered the city to the enemy. · 2. To give up in favor of ...
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Surrender - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
To surrender is to give up control of something to someone else. If you miss curfew, your parents might make you surrender the keys to the car.
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Surrender - Etymology, Origin & Meaning
Originating in early 15c. from Old French surrendre, meaning "give up, deliver over," surrender means to yield possession or give up power to another.
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surrender, v. meanings, etymology and more
OED's earliest evidence for surrender is from 1466. surrender is a borrowing from French. Etymons: French surrender.
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Capitulation, Military - Oxford Public International Law
Furthermore, the capitulating troops are usually under a duty to clear the area they surrendered, which may be occupied by the captor (Occupation, Belligerent).
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Surrender | How does law protect in war? - Online casebook - ICRC
A unilateral act whereby, by putting their hands up, throwing away their weapons, raising a white flag or in any other suitable fashion, isolated members of ...Missing: types | Show results with:types
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[PDF] Unconditional Surrender: A Modern Paradox - DTIC
This study determines whether or not unconditional surrender leads to a more lasting peace. The answer is paradoxical—yes, unconditional surrender can ...<|separator|>
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Customary IHL - Rule 47. Attacks against Persons Hors de Combat
The United States took the position that an offer of surrender has to be made at a time when it can be received and properly acted upon and that a last-minute ...
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Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague IV); October 18, 1907
A general rule of conduct for the belligerents in their mutual relations and in their relations with the inhabitants.
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Battle of Yorktown in the American Revolution
The Battle of Yorktown proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies.
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Surrender of the British General Cornwallis to the Americans ...
The American Army and allied forces defeated a British force there under Lord Charles Cornwallis, and on October 17, Cornwallis raised a flag of truce after ...
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Appomattox Court House - American Battlefield Trust
Trapped by the Federals near Appomattox Court House, Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union general Ulysses S. Grant.
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The Surrender Meeting - Appomattox Court House National ...
Apr 15, 2025 · The heart of the terms was that Confederate soldiers would surrender their weapons, equipment, and flags. Grant allowed Confederate officers to ...
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Ending the Bloodshed | National Archives
The Grant-Lee agreement served not only as a signal that the South had lost the war but also as a model for the rest of the surrenders that followed. After ...
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Germany surrenders unconditionally to the Allies at Reims | HISTORY
On May 7, 1945, the German High Command, in the person of General Alfred Jodl, signs the unconditional surrender of all German forces, East and West, at Reims, ...
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German Surrender | Holocaust Encyclopedia
German armed forces surrendered unconditionally in the west on May 7 and in the east on May 9, 1945. Victory in Europe Day (V-E Day) was proclaimed on May 8, ...
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Unconditional Surrender: Commemorating 80 Years Since the End ...
May 8, 2025 · On May 7, 1945, in Reims, France, German officers signed an unconditional surrender, ending the war in Europe on May 8, 1945.
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Surrender of Japan (1945) | National Archives
Aug 8, 2023 · On September 2, 1945, Japanese representatives signed the official Instrument of Surrender, prepared by the War Department and approved by President Harry S. ...
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Japan's Surrender and Aftermath
8 August: The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria the following day. 9 August: The second U.S. atomic bomb is dropped on the large port ...
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V-J Day: The Surrender of Japan | The National WWII Museum
On the afternoon of August 16, 1945, Japanese Emperor Hirohito's orders to cease hostilities immediately finally went out.
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[PDF] Strategic Surrender: The Politics of Victory and Defeat - RAND
Strategic surrender is the orderly capitulation of the loser's remaining forces during the transition from war to peace when one side is victorious.<|separator|>
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Honourable Surrender in Early Modern European History, 1500–1789
The late Middle Ages witnessed the European invention of honorable surrender, which promised survival to elite warriors who yielded, while it provided ransoms ...
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Better to Be a Prisoner Than a Corpse: Surrender at the Battle ... - DOI
Abstract. This chapter builds on the previous one to examine the Battle of Gettysburg through the lens of the soldiers who surrendered.
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[PDF] Unconditional Surrender: A Modern Paradox
The paradox is that unconditional surrender can achieve lasting peace, but is not suitable in the 21st century due to nuclear threats.
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UCMJ Article 100 - Subordinate Compelling Surrender
Summary of the Elements of Article 100: The government must prove that your actions intentionally compelled a commanding officer to surrender his or her ...
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[PDF] Ability Versus Will: The Reason Insurgents Surrender - DTIC
This paper examines three case studies to uncover the interaction and inter- relation between military ability and political will and the key roles they play in ...
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SURRENDER - The Law Dictionary
A yielding up of an estate for life or years to him who has an im- mediate estate in reversion or remainder, by which the lesser estate is merged in the greater ...
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[PDF] What amounts to a surrender by operation of law?
An agreement by either landlord or tenant that the tenancy shall be put an end to, acted upon by the tenant quitting the premises and the landlord taking ...
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Deed of Surrender: What it is, How it Works - Investopedia
A deed of surrender is a legal document that transfers property ownership and allows a party to relinquish any claims they held to it.
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Surrender | Practical Law
Surrender is the acquisition by the landlord of the inferior ( leasehold) estate. It is to be distinguished from the merger which occurs where the tenant ...<|separator|>
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Surrender: Understanding Its Legal Definition and Implications
Surrender refers to the act of giving up or relinquishing a right, claim, or possession. In legal contexts, this often involves a tenant returning their ...
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Surrender Agreements: Don't Surrender Your Contractual Rights!
Dec 3, 2020 · A surrender agreement is structured as a settlement in connection with a defaulted lease or as a voluntary transaction of freely contracting parties may define ...
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26 U.S. Code § 6332 - Surrender of property subject to levy
Any person who fails or refuses to surrender any property or rights to property, subject to levy, upon demand by the Secretary, shall be liable in his own ...
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Ownership removal, surrender, and restoration: Overview, definition ...
Apr 4, 2025 · Surrender involves the voluntary giving up or relinquishment of rights or ownership, often used in the context of leases or contracts. For ...
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Self-Surrender vs. Surprise Arrest in Florida: Why Turn Yourself In
Jul 4, 2025 · Self-surrender represents a proactive approach to addressing an active warrant by voluntarily presenting yourself to authorities on your own ...
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The Legal Definition of Surrender - Fitter Law
In criminal law, surrender can refer to a defendant voluntarily turning themselves in to the authorities. This act demonstrates cooperation and may have a ...
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Understanding the Legal Side of Voluntary Surrender While Out on ...
Apr 9, 2025 · Voluntary surrender is the act of willingly returning to custody before law enforcement forcibly arrests you.
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Failure to Surrender: Legal Definition and Consequences
Failure to surrender refers to a criminal offense that occurs when a person who has been released on bail does not return to custody as required by the court.
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What is a surrender hearing and how does it work? If there is ... - Avvo
Sep 15, 2015 · A surrender hearing is an opportunity for a fugitive (someone who is subject to a warrant) to surrender at a prearranged date and time and before the Judge who ...
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SURRENDER OF A CRIMINAL - The Law Dictionary
Definition and Citations: This means to transfer a criminal from a location back to the location the crime was committed in.Missing: examples | Show results with:examples
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Surrender by operation of law (implied surrender) | Legal Guidance
Aug 2, 2024 · A surrender by operation of law (or 'implied surrender') occurs when the unequivocal conduct of both parties is inconsistent with the continuation of the ...
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Surrender Clause: Understanding Its Legal Definition
Definition & meaning A surrender clause is a provision in a lease agreement that allows a tenant (lessee) to terminate their lease and relinquish their rights ...<|separator|>
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Surrender - FindLaw Dictionary of Legal Terms
term: Surrender. surrender vt. 1 a : to yield to the control or possession of another [ the leased premises] [ collateral to a creditor]
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Surrender Contract Clause Examples - Business Contracts | Justia
This page contains Surrender clauses in business contracts and legal agreements. We have organized these clauses into groups of similarly worded clauses.
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How Economists Came to Accept Expected Utility Theory
In the expected utility approach to decision-making under risk, the utility of a risky prospect is given by the sum of the utilities u of the alternative ...<|control11|><|separator|>
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The Sunk Cost Fallacy - The Decision Lab
The sunk cost fallacy means that we are making irrational decisions because we are factoring in influences other than the current alternatives. This fallacy ...
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Simple Surrender Model by TingSheng Gong - SSRN
Apr 16, 2024 · Simple Surrender Model. 23 Pages Posted: 16 Apr 2024. See all articles by TingSheng Gong · TingSheng Gong. University of Nottingham, Ningbo ...<|separator|>
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[PDF] Optimal Stopping and Applications - UCLA Mathematics
The theory of optimal stopping is concerned with the problem of choosing a time to take a given action based on sequentially observed random variables in ...<|separator|>
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[PDF] Why Wars End: An Expected Utility War Termination Model - DTIC
Unconditional Surrender Unconditional surrender occurs when ... reversible, the rational decision is to stop war. ... expected utility theory is Bruce Bueno ...
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[PDF] Apparent sunk cost effect in rational agents - Harvard University
Feb 11, 2022 · In a recent study of economic decisions, humans, mice, and rats were reported to succumb to the sunk cost fallacy, making decisions based on ...
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The Benefits of Surrender | Psychology Today
Nov 7, 2024 · Paradoxically, many people find that surrendering in this way allows them to feel more in control of their lives (Cole & Pargament, 1999). This ...Missing: empirical | Show results with:empirical
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Evaluating the psychometric properties of the State of Surrender ...
The SoS scale measures the willingness to accept whatever is to come, whether good or bad, without resistance or fighting back.
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The impact of State of Surrender on the relationship between ...
Jun 16, 2024 · Perhaps the largest limitation of the present study is the limited empirical evidence demonstrating that SoS can be manipulated in experimental ...Missing: drawbacks | Show results with:drawbacks
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The Paradox of Control — Surrender, Acceptance, and True Agency
May 15, 2025 · This notion of surrender, not as defeat but as strategic realignment of agency, is a precursor to modern psychological approaches such as ...
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Acceptance and Commitment: Implications for Prevention Science
If emerging evidence from ACT research is correct, such strategies may be counterproductive; they may intensify negative thoughts and may distract parents from ...
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What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy? (The Pros & Cons)
Nov 28, 2023 · Cons of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy While ACT can help you make peace with past experiences and traumas, it doesn't help you process them ...
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ACT feels exhausting for me to practice and makes me distressed
Sep 12, 2024 · You can't get rid of thoughts or feelings, you just accept them and live your life to the fullest. Therapy can't “fix” thoughts or feelings, or ...
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Languishing but Not Giving Up: Suggesting A Surrender-Struggle ...
Sep 25, 2020 · The mental health continuum scale was used together with a new scale measuring struggling, the tendency to give up easily or keep on fighting.<|control11|><|separator|>
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) - Right Choice Recovery
The limitations of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) are Limited Evidence for Severe Mental Illnesses, Suitability Concerns, Adherence Challenges, and ...Missing: drawbacks | Show results with:drawbacks<|control11|><|separator|>
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Islam: Submission to God, Peace, and Prophets
Apr 2, 2025 · The word Islam means voluntary “Submission” or “Surrender” to the Will of God. It derives from the root word “salam,” meaning peace.
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Verse (2:131) - English Translation - The Quranic Arabic Corpus
Chapter (2) sūrat l-baqarah (The Cow) · Sahih International: When his Lord said to him, "Submit", he said "I have submitted [in Islam] to the Lord of the worlds.
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Ayah al-Imran (The Family of Imran, The House of Imran) 3:19
Behold, the only [true] religion in the sight of God is [man's] self-surrender unto Him; and those who were vouchsafed revelation aforetime took, ...
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Predestination vs. Free Will in Islam: Understanding Allah's Qadr
Jul 31, 2017 · By bringing our will to coincide with the legislative will of the Creator—surrendering our will to Allah—our fate will change for the better. ...
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What Does the Bible Say About Surrender To God? - OpenBible.info
Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you. Matthew 16:24 ESV / 113 helpful votes
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Surrender Bible Verses - Powerful Scripture Verses & Meaning
Surrender Bible Verses ; 2 Timothy 1:7 · God Has Not Given us a Spirit of Fear · Galatians 2:20 ; Jeremiah 10:23 · Matthew 6:33 ; Romans 12:2 · Your Daily Verse - ...
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Will - Chabad.org
The Jewish view, however, is that submission to God's will is the key to effective living. With self-will, one is limited to drawing upon one's own finite ...
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Balancing God's Will and Our Own - Jewish Theological Seminary
As Ecclesiastes teaches, “for everything there is a time” (Eccles. 3:1)—a time for submission to God's plan as well as a time for initiative and respectful ...
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Ishvara Pranidhana: The Practice of Surrender - Yoga Journal
Jan 14, 2025 · For Patanjali, Ishvara pranidhana is a potent method for dissolving the endless agitations of the mind, and thus a means to the ultimate unified ...
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Ishvara Pranidhana: The Power of Surrender - Jivamukti Yoga
Ishvara pranidhana will help to cure the afflictions of the mind that cause pain and suffering, as it is designed to redirect our energy away from our selfish ...
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Understanding Renunciation and Surrender in Buddhism
May 25, 2024 · Renunciation in Buddhism is letting go of attachments, while surrender is relinquishing control and embracing impermanence.
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The Art of Surrender: A Buddhist Approach To Letting Go of Struggle
Mar 1, 2023 · Buddhist surrender involves curiosity, openness, and fluidity, surrendering attachments and clinging, and flowing with life, not "cocooning" ...
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The Zen Habits Guide to Letting Go of Attachments
To let go of attachments, practice meditation, compassion, interdependence, and acceptance. Daily meditation and expanding mind beyond attachments are also key.<|control11|><|separator|>
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Wu Wei – Doing Nothing 無爲 - The School of Life
Jan 14, 2016 · Wu wei means – in Chinese – non-doing or 'doing nothing'. It sounds like a pleasant invitation to relax or worse, fall into laziness or apathy.<|separator|>
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Wu-Wei | The Art of Letting Things Happen - The Taoist Online
May 7, 2024 · Literally meaning “non-doing” or “effortless action,” it's the counterintuitive art of achieving by letting go.
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The Art of Surrender in Taoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism
In this podcast, we will speak about the significance of surrender and trust in the great Eastern spiritual traditions. One of the core tenets within Taoism ...
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Battlefield Supplication in the "Iliad" - jstor
511 The surrender scenes also imply the overall superiority of the Achaians despite their battlefield reverses, since only Trojans beg for quarter; see Kirk ( ...
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3. The End(s) of the Odyssey - The Center for Hellenic Studies
[8] Odysseus is cast as an invader, with whom Eurymachos negotiates terms of surrender for the defeated community. Thus he proposes timē 'recompense': each ...
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Unconditional Surrender by Evelyn Waugh | Hachette Book Group
In stock Free delivery over $35Unconditional Surrender is the third novel in Waugh's brilliant Sword of Honor trilogy recording the tumultuous wartime adventures of Guy Crouchback.Missing: depictions | Show results with:depictions
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Stoicism: Heroic Acceptance | Issue 56 - Philosophy Now
The Stoic regarded man as part of a larger whole to which he must willingly surrender himself, just as animals and plants know their place in the scheme of ...
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G.E.M. Anscombe on the evil of demanding unconditional surrender ...
Apr 29, 2020 · The demand for unconditional surrender leads in turn to unlimited war. While Anscombe's arguments against killing noncombatants are sometimes ...
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Civil War movies and more to watch on the anniversary of the ...
Apr 9, 2015 · Steven Spielberg's 2012 movie, "Lincoln," featured the surrender at Appomattox, but any excuse to experience or re-experience "Angels in ...Missing: depictions | Show results with:depictions
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Oba The Last Samurai - Japanese Hold Outs Surrender - YouTube
May 12, 2023 · Oba: The Last Samurai (2011) Rent or ow full movie: https://amzn.to/41pZkYo After World War II ends with his emperor's surrender, ...
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Doctor Strange and the Lesson of Surrender (SPOILERS!)
Nov 8, 2016 · Whether this imagery was intentional or not, the scene carries a powerful depiction of self-denial and surrender. Strengthening this imagery ...
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Horror movie The Surrender takes its characters on a harrowing ...
May 21, 2025 · The Surrender opens with a graphic, disturbing flash-forward depicting what appears to be a demon feasting on a dead person's entrails, so it's ...Missing: depictions | Show results with:depictions<|separator|>
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Surrender - Song by Cheap Trick - Apple Music
Surrender · Heaven Tonight · Cheap Trick · April 24, 1978 · Performing Artists · Composition & Lyrics · Production & Engineering · Music Videos · More By Cheap Trick.
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Céline Dion - I Surrender (Official Audio) - YouTube
May 4, 2019 · ... surrender all to you #CelineDion #ISurrender #ANewDayHasCome #Pop. ... Céline Dion - I Surrender Cover (nicolina) #cover #singing #music.
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Godsmack – Surrender (Official Music Video) - YouTube
Nov 18, 2022 · Godsmack – Surrender (Official Music Video) · Comments.
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Art: Surrender of Breda - Annenberg Learner
The Surrender of Breda, by Diego Velázquez, depicts the Spanish takeover of Breda in 1625, showing the Dutch commander surrendering to the Spanish general. It ...
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Surrender by Bill Viola | National Galleries of Scotland
The theme of 'Surrender' is grief. The two figures break down into uncontrollable tears, gradually lowering their heads until their faces touch the water.
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Classic TV Theme: Sweet Surrender (Stereo) - YouTube
Sep 8, 2023 · A career woman gives up her job to become a stay-at-home Mom. The lead actress would later recall how little fun this 1987 sitcom was for ...