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M1156 precision guidance kit

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) is a GPS-guided fuze system developed by the United States Army to convert existing conventional 155 mm high-explosive artillery projectiles into affordable precision-guided munitions, significantly improving accuracy while integrating multi-mode fuzing capabilities.^[1]^[2] Designed as a bolt-on replacement for standard fuzes, the PGK utilizes a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver with Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) security, inertial navigation elements, and deployable canards to actively correct the projectile's trajectory in flight, reducing ballistic dispersion caused by environmental factors and firing errors.^[3] It is compatible with a range of 155 mm projectiles, including the M795, M549A1, XM1113, and XM1128, and supports firing from platforms such as the M109A6 Paladin, M109A7 PIM self-propelled howitzers, and M777A2 towed howitzer.^[1] The kit achieves a Circular Error Probable (CEP) of less than 50 meters for its initial increment, enabling fewer rounds to neutralize targets compared to unguided artillery and minimizing collateral damage.^[3]^[2] Development of the PGK, originally designated XM1156, began in the mid-2000s under the Joint Program Executive Office for Armaments and Ammunition, leveraging prior Navy guidance technologies to provide a cost-effective alternative to more expensive systems like the Excalibur.^[2] The program progressed through increments: Increment 1 focused on basic GPS guidance for 155 mm shells with a 50-meter CEP threshold; subsequent versions aimed for 30-meter and 10-meter objectives.^[2] Qualification testing in 2010 demonstrated 100% safety and reliability under MIL-STD-331C standards, with production starting that year and initial fielding during Operation Enduring Freedom in April 2013.^[3] Full Materiel Release for the baseline version (NA29) was achieved in early 2016, and as of 2023, over 100,000 units had been delivered to the Army by manufacturer Northrop Grumman.^[1]^[4] Ongoing modernization efforts include the PGK-Extended Range (PGK-ER) variant, which incorporates enhanced aerodynamics for greater reach and has seen recent international adoption such as by Denmark in 2024, and the M1156A1 (NA37) upgrade with military-code (M-code) GPS for improved anti-jamming resilience and accuracy in contested environments.^[1]^[4]^[5] The M1156E5 (NA38) variant further enhances GPS anti-jam capabilities as of 2025.^[6]^[7] The system also supports fuze modes such as point detonation and height-of-burst, with a 20-year storage life and no battery requirement, making it suitable for integration into existing stockpiles without major logistical changes.^[3] These advancements ensure the PGK remains a vital component of modern artillery forces, balancing precision, affordability, and deployability, with continued production contracts awarded in 2025.^[1]^[8]

Development

Program origins and timeline

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit originated in the early 2000s as part of the U.S. Army's Precision Guidance Kit program, initially designated XM1156, aimed at improving the accuracy of existing unguided 155mm artillery projectiles to mitigate collateral damage in urban warfare environments.^[2] The program sought to transform conventional high-explosive rounds, which typically achieved a circular error probable (CEP) of around 200 meters, into precision munitions with a CEP of less than 50 meters by integrating guidance technology onto standard fuzes without requiring new projectile designs.^[2] This approach allowed the Army to leverage its existing stockpiles of M795 and M549A1 ammunition, reducing logistical burdens while enhancing fire support effectiveness for maneuver units.^[1] Development began with a U.S. Army Sources Sought notice in 2005 for PGK concepts to guide technology maturation.^[2] In 2006, technology development contracts were awarded to Alliant Techsystems (ATK), BAE Systems, and Raytheon for initial demonstrations, with a downselect favoring ATK and BAE Systems by mid-year.^[2] ATK received the primary System Demonstration and Development (SDD) contract on May 18, 2007, valued at $18 million for an 18-month effort focused on hardware integration and testing.^[9] Early milestones included a successful divert flight test by ATK in January 2007 and guided flight tests in April 2009, validating trajectory correction capabilities.^[2]^[3] The program faced a restructuring in January 2011 following reliability test shortfalls identified in 2010, which delayed timelines and shifted the Milestone C production decision to the second quarter of fiscal year 2013.^[10] This period also marked the official transition from XM1156 to the standard M1156 designation. Low-rate initial production commenced in early 2013, enabling initial operational capability by the third quarter of fiscal year 2014 and supporting urgent fielding to Operation Enduring Freedom units.^[10] Full-rate production approval followed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2016, after demonstrating required reliability thresholds.^[11] These resources supported alignment with broader Army artillery modernization initiatives, emphasizing affordable precision for legacy systems. In 2015, Orbital Sciences acquired ATK, forming Orbital ATK and assuming program responsibilities; this entity later merged with Northrop Grumman in 2018, continuing production under the new parent company.^[4]

Testing and trials

Early trials of the XM1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK), the precursor to the M1156, began in 2008 with airgun and 155 mm projectile tests at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, to evaluate initial GPS acquisition and basic trajectory correction capabilities.^[12] These efforts progressed to guided flight tests in April 2009 and vertical gun tests in May 2009, demonstrating successful GPS signal processing and control system functionality during early developmental phases.^[3] In 2011, Alliant Techsystems (ATK) conducted operational tests firing 48 PGK-equipped rounds from both the M109 Paladin self-propelled howitzer and the M777A2 towed howitzer, validating integration and performance across platforms.^[13] Subsequent 2012 evaluations at Yuma Proving Ground, including an Early User Assessment, confirmed the kit's accuracy, achieving a 32-meter circular error probable (CEP) while meeting the threshold requirement of 50 meters CEP for standard variants.^[14] These tests also integrated the PGK with M777 howitzers at ranges up to approximately 24 km, demonstrating effective trajectory corrections against static and moving targets.^[15] Environmental testing focused on operational resilience to ensure reliability in diverse conditions.^[16] Live-fire demonstrations in 2014 at Yuma Proving Ground utilized the M109A6 Paladin, verifying multi-option fuze functions such as point detonating (PD), delay, and proximity modes during integrated firings.^[17] Recent validations from 2023 to 2024 emphasized enhanced anti-jam features for contested environments, incorporating electronic warfare simulations to test GPS resilience in the M1156E5 variant, building on prior qualifications to support full-rate production.^[18]

Production and manufacturers

The development and initial production of the M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) were led by Alliant Techsystems (ATK), which began work on the program in 2007.^[19] Following ATK's merger with Orbital Sciences in 2015 to form Orbital ATK, production continued under this entity, reaching a milestone of 25,000 units by 2018. Northrop Grumman acquired Orbital ATK in 2018, assuming responsibility as the primary manufacturer thereafter.^[20] Production occurs at Northrop Grumman's facilities in Plymouth, Minnesota, where assembly, testing, and integration take place.^[21] Annual output has ramped up significantly, with over 100,000 kits delivered to the U.S. Army by September 2022, reflecting a scaling from low-rate initial production in the mid-2010s to full-rate capabilities exceeding 20,000 units annually by the early 2020s.^[20] Key U.S. Department of Defense contracts have supported this expansion, including a $173 million award to Northrop Grumman in 2019 for additional PGK production.^[22] In 2025, Northrop Grumman received a $13 million contract to produce more kits compatible with 155mm artillery projectiles.^[8] The unit cost is approximately $20,000, though it has declined with scaled production.^[23] The supply chain relies on specialized components to ensure integration with existing artillery systems.^[24] Between 2022 and 2024, production faced challenges from surging demand driven by U.S. military aid to Ukraine, which depleted stockpiles and required rapid scaling while addressing shortages in electronic components.^[25]

Design and components

Guidance system

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) utilizes a GPS-aided inertial navigation system (INS) as its primary guidance technology, incorporating Kalman filtering algorithms to fuse sensor data and enable real-time trajectory corrections via canard actuators. This system compensates for ballistic dispersion by continuously estimating the projectile's position, velocity, and orientation during flight, allowing for precise adjustments to range and deflection errors inherent in unguided artillery rounds. The integration of GPS with INS ensures robust navigation even during short flight durations typical of 155 mm projectiles.^[3]^[2]^[26] Core components of the guidance system include a Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM)-secure GPS receiver for encrypted satellite signal acquisition, a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based inertial measurement unit (IMU) for attitude and acceleration sensing, and an onboard processor leveraging digital signal processing (DSP) and field-programmable gate array (FPGA) architectures to perform error compensation calculations. The GPS receiver provides absolute positioning updates, while the IMU delivers high-frequency attitude data to bridge gaps in GPS availability, such as during initial launch maneuvers. These elements interface seamlessly with the projectile's fuze well, enabling the kit to replace standard fuzes without altering the shell's external aerodynamics.^[3]^[12] During flight, the PGK rotates with the spin-stabilized projectile to maintain stability, with four deployable canards that actuate during flight for steering; trajectory corrections are computed and applied rapidly, enabling trajectory corrections during flight to align the projectile with the target. This operational sequence relies on pre-launch target coordinates set via the Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter (EPIAFS), allowing the system to predict and correct deviations in real time. Later variants include enhanced signal processing for improved anti-jam resilience.^[3]^[27] The PGK achieves a CEP of 50 meters or less at ranges up to 30 km, significantly enhancing accuracy without requiring extensive sensor fusion beyond the core GPS-INS integration, compared to over 200 meters for unguided projectiles.^[3]^[2]

Fuze functions

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit features an integrated electronic multi-option fuze (MOF) that enables versatile detonation modes to enhance lethality against various targets. This fuze provides point detonating (PD) functionality for direct surface impact and proximity sensing for airburst detonation, allowing the projectile to explode at a predetermined height above the ground.^[12]^[28] Objective enhancements include delay mode for penetration through barriers or earth cover and time mode for controlled detonation after a set flight duration.^[3] These options support missions ranging from counter-battery fire to engagement of high-value or area targets.^[12] The fuze replaces the standard M739 series fuze in 155 mm high-explosive projectiles, fitting directly into the existing fuze well without requiring modifications to the projectile body.^[2] Safety is ensured through the incorporated M762 safe-and-arm (S&A) mechanism, which includes redundant interlocks activated by setback acceleration and rotational spin post-launch to prevent premature arming.^[3] Programming occurs pre-launch via the Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter (EPIAFS), where fire control systems input mission-specific settings such as PD for impact, proximity for airburst, delay for burrowing effects, or time for sensor-independent burst.^[12] This integration with the kit's GPS guidance enables precise synchronization of detonation timing with trajectory corrections.^[1] Reliability testing has shown the fuze achieving 100% function rates in developmental firings, exceeding the objective requirement of 97% while meeting Joint Requirements Oversight Council thresholds.^[3] The design complies with MIL-STD-331C for fuze safety and incorporates insensitive munitions characteristics to minimize unintended responses to external stimuli.^[3] A key capability is the GPS-synchronized timing for proximity airburst, which adjusts burst height dynamically to optimize effects against moving or obscured targets.^[12]

Projectile compatibility

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) is compatible with standard 155mm high-explosive projectiles, including the M795 projectile and the rocket-assisted M549A1.^[1] It can also be fitted to the legacy M107 high-explosive round, enabling precision guidance for existing stockpiles without requiring new munitions development.^[2] The kit is designed for standard and rocket-assisted high-explosive shells, with compatibility limited to projectiles that do not significantly alter aerodynamics in ways incompatible with canard steering; future variants expand to additional types.^[2] Installation of the PGK involves replacing the projectile's standard nose fuze with the kit via a screw-on mechanism, which requires no structural modifications to the shell body.^[2] The fuze is then programmed using the Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter (EPIAFS) for mission-specific parameters. This process ensures compatibility with key artillery platforms, such as the M777A2 towed howitzer and the M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzer.^[1] Key limitations include a maximum unaided range of 30 kilometers, beyond which rocket-assisted projectiles like the M549A1 are necessary for extended reach.^[29] The PGK is restricted to 155mm calibers and is not suitable for sub-155mm projectiles in its baseline configuration. Additionally, the kit adds approximately 3 pounds (1.36 kg) to the overall projectile weight, resulting in a minor reduction in explosive payload compared to unguided equivalents.^[30] Field integration emphasizes simplicity, with the PGK enabling quick swaps using standard artillery tools and maintaining interoperability with existing modular charge systems like the M203A1 and M232.^[2] This allows seamless incorporation into current fire support operations without overhauling legacy fire direction procedures.

Variants

Standard M1156 PGK

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) was designated as the standard model in 2011 following successful developmental testing of its prototype, known as the XM1156, with initial fielding to U.S. Army units in 2012 and operational deployment in April 2013.^[1] It primarily retrofits existing standard 155 mm high-explosive (HE) projectiles such as the M795 and M549A1 rounds, transforming them into guided munitions without requiring new projectile production. This baseline variant serves as the foundational configuration, emphasizing affordability and compatibility with legacy artillery systems like the M109 howitzer and M777 lightweight towed howitzer.^[2]^[1] Key features of the standard M1156 PGK include a combined GPS and inertial navigation system (INS) guidance package with a course-correcting tail kit that deploys small canards to adjust the projectile's trajectory in flight, achieving a circular error probable (CEP) of less than 50 meters at ranges up to 30 kilometers. It incorporates a multi-option fuze capable of point detonating, proximity, time, and delay modes to enhance lethality against various targets, including personnel, structures, and light armor. As a cost-effective upgrade, each M1156 unit costs approximately $15,000 to $20,000, significantly lower than alternatives like the M982 Excalibur guided shell, allowing artillery units to leverage existing stockpiles for precision fires while minimizing logistical burdens.^[1]^[3]^[31]^[9] The operational envelope of the standard M1156 PGK is optimized for stationary targets within its effective range of 24 to 30 kilometers, where GPS provides primary navigation, supplemented by INS for short-term autonomy in GPS-degraded or denied environments. This hybrid guidance enables continued functionality against fixed positions, though accuracy relies on GPS availability for optimal performance. As of 2023, production had exceeded 100,000 units, with the majority allocated to U.S. Army stockpiles to support rapid deployment in conventional warfare scenarios; as of 2025, total production has reached approximately 108,000 units.^[1]^[20]^[32]^[9]

Enhanced variants (A1, E2, E5)

The enhanced variants of the M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) represent incremental upgrades to the baseline system, focusing on improved reliability, compatibility with advanced projectiles, and resilience against GPS-denied environments while maintaining core GPS-guided fuze functions. These developments address evolving threats in electronic warfare, enabling sustained accuracy for 155mm artillery projectiles without altering the fundamental design or range performance.^[29] The M1156A1 variant introduces hardware and software updates to enhance overall reliability and ensure compatibility with the M1128 high-explosive rocket-assisted projectile, building on the standard PGK's GPS acquisition and multi-option fuze capabilities. In 2024, the U.S. approved a Foreign Military Sale to Finland for 5,500 M1156A1 units, valued at approximately $70 million, to bolster the nation's artillery precision. This upgrade supports integration with existing stockpiles like the M795 and M549A1, preserving the system's <50-meter circular error probable (CEP) threshold.^[29]^[33] The M1156E2/A1 configuration, anticipated for release around 2025, further refines accuracy through software enhancements and expanded compatibility with extended-range artillery rounds, allowing the kit to adapt to modern projectile designs without compromising fuze safety or processing efficiency. This variant maintains the baseline PGK's point detonation and proximity modes while optimizing for broader operational scenarios.^[19] The M1156E5, scheduled for fielding in 2026, incorporates advanced anti-jam GPS technology, including M-code signals, to achieve an objective CEP of less than 30 meters even in contested environments, as developed in collaboration with L3Harris for the GPS anti-jam components. Integrated into the U.S. Army's Assured Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) programs, this variant enhances performance against electronic interference, supporting platforms like the M109A7 Paladin and M777A2 howitzer with no change to the 10% range reduction inherent to the PGK design. Northrop Grumman serves as the prime contractor, ensuring compatibility with projectiles such as the XM1113 and M1128.^[29]^[7]^[18]

Extended-range variants (PGK-ER, LR-PGK)

The Precision Guidance Kit – Extended Range (PGK-ER) represents Northrop Grumman's modernization effort for the M1156 system, designed to enhance compatibility with advanced 155mm artillery projectiles while preserving the standard form factor and GPS-guided precision capabilities of the original variant.^[4] Introduced as part of ongoing investments in extended-range artillery systems, the PGK-ER integrates seamlessly with rocket-assisted and base-bleed projectiles such as the XM1113 and XM1128, enabling effective standoff distances of 30 to 40 kilometers from a 39-caliber barrel while maintaining high accuracy.^[34] This variant supports the U.S. Army's Extended Range Cannon Artillery (ERCA) platform, demonstrated through successful live-fire tests in 2023 that confirmed its performance in GPS-contested environments.^[34] The Long-Range Precision Guidance Kit (LR-PGK), developed by BAE Systems, extends the PGK family to support greater standoff ranges beyond 70 kilometers when paired with XM1113 projectiles fired from 58-caliber ERCA systems.^[35] It employs a hybrid GPS/inertial navigation system (INS) with enhanced anti-jam features and a low-cost roll-stabilized guidance unit, including an integrated antenna array for course correction during flight.^[36] The LR-PGK is expected to undergo critical design review in the fourth quarter of 2025, with full materiel release projected for fiscal year 2030 following qualification testing.^[29] Key advancements in these extended-range variants include aerodynamic optimizations to minimize drag and improved propulsion integrations, such as compatibility with base-burner mechanisms, which collectively enable a 20-30% increase in effective range over standard PGK-equipped munitions.^[34] Wind tunnel validations conducted between 2023 and 2024 substantiated these gains, particularly for the PGK-ER's fairing design when integrated with ERCA.^[29] Both variants retain the screw-on fuze interface for rapid fielding on existing stockpiles, reducing collateral damage through circular error probable (CEP) thresholds below 50 meters. As of 2025, low-rate initial production for the PGK-ER and related M1156E5 configurations is slated to begin in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2026, with Northrop Grumman as the prime contractor.^[29] The LR-PGK, led by BAE Systems in collaboration with General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems, is positioned for integration with Excalibur-compatible fire control systems, ensuring interoperability across U.S. Army precision fires networks.^[29]

Operational use

US military deployment

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) was initially fielded to U.S. forces in Afghanistan in March 2013, with the 15th Field Artillery Regiment of the 2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division conducting new equipment training and achieving the first successful live-fire on April 2.^[37] This deployment focused on enhancing artillery precision to minimize collateral damage and protect troops during counter-improvised explosive device (IED) operations by reducing the volume of fire required for mission effects.^[15] Following initial operational testing and evaluation in 2013, the PGK entered full-rate production in 2016, enabling broader integration across U.S. Army field artillery units.^[38] By 2018, it had been adopted as a standard capability in active-duty artillery formations, supporting fire missions with improved accuracy from existing 155 mm projectile stockpiles.^[39] In 2023, over 1,000 PGK kits were included in U.S. security assistance packages to Ukraine under Presidential Drawdown Authority, drawn from Army inventories to bolster allied precision fires.^[40]^[41] Training on the PGK has been incorporated into U.S. Army Field Artillery School curricula since its early fielding, with hands-on instruction emphasizing fuze installation, fire direction integration, and mission planning.^[42] Advanced simulations at facilities like the National Training Center replicate GPS-denied environments using electronic jammers, allowing artillery crews to practice employment of the PGK under contested conditions to maintain effectiveness against jamming threats.^[43] Logistically, PGK units are stored separately from base projectiles in climate-controlled facilities, offering a 20-year shelf life without batteries and enabling on-demand assembly by crews using standard tools to configure munitions for specific missions.^[12] In 2025, the U.S. Army began upgrading to the M1156E5 variant, which incorporates enhanced GPS anti-jam features to improve resilience in high-threat theaters like the Indo-Pacific, where electronic warfare denial is anticipated.^[29]^[18] Beyond combat, the PGK supports non-combat roles in multinational training exercises, including NATO-led artillery drills such as Dynamic Front 2024, where U.S. units demonstrated interoperability in fire support coordination with allies.^[44]

International exports and adoption

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) saw its first major international export to Australia, where the government signed a $57.8 million contract in August 2013 for 4,002 units to enhance 155mm artillery accuracy, with initial deliveries commencing in December 2015–January 2016.^[45] This sale included personnel training and technical support to facilitate integration with Australian forces' existing munitions stockpiles.^[46] In recent years, exports have expanded significantly among NATO allies. In August 2024, the U.S. State Department approved a $70 million Foreign Military Sale (FMS) to Finland for 5,500 M1156A1 PGK multi-option fuzes, adding to an existing defense agreement and aimed at bolstering medium-range artillery precision.^[33] Similarly, Denmark received approval in August 2024 for up to 5,832 M1156 PGK units valued at $85 million, including ancillary equipment and training to support integration with Danish 155mm systems.^[19] The Netherlands followed with a proposed $70 million FMS notified in December 2024 for up to 3,500 M1156 PGK units, further strengthening alliance interoperability.^[47] Ukraine has received M1156 PGK through U.S. military aid packages since 2022, including a $400 million tranche announced in July 2023 that incorporated 1,000 precision-guided 155mm rounds equipped with the kit to support ongoing defensive operations.^[41] These transfers continued into 2025 as part of broader security assistance totaling over $66 billion since Russia's full-scale invasion.^[48] Export versions of the PGK require strict compliance with International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), which govern technical data sharing and end-use monitoring to prevent unauthorized proliferation.^[49] U.S. advisors provide specialized training to recipient nations, ensuring safe handling and operational effectiveness while addressing integration challenges with diverse artillery platforms. By 2025, exports and approvals had expanded to multiple NATO members.

Specifications and performance

Physical and integration specs

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) is engineered to integrate seamlessly with standard 155 mm artillery projectiles, such as the M795 and M549A1 high-explosive rounds, by replacing the conventional burster fuze at the nose. It attaches via a threaded interface compatible with existing fuze wells, allowing field installation without modifying the projectile body, and is programmed using the Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter (EPIAFS) or similar inductive systems prior to firing.^[3]^[2] The kit adds 1.4 kg (3 lb) to the overall projectile weight, primarily due to its integrated guidance components, control surfaces, and power generation elements, while maintaining compatibility with howitzer systems like the M109A6 Paladin and M777A2.^[50]^[51] Physically, the PGK extends 68.6 mm (2.70 in) beyond the length of a standard Multi-Option Fuze for Artillery (MOFA), ensuring it fits within the projectile's aerodynamic profile without altering external dimensions. It draws power from the projectile's spin-induced generator during flight, avoiding batteries to achieve a 20-year shelf life.^[3] Environmentally, the kit withstands launch accelerations of up to 8,000 g and has undergone sequential testing including 2.1 m drops in extreme hot and cold conditions to verify operational integrity. For safety and reliability, it complies with MIL-STD-331C requirements, achieving 100% success in impact, sympathetic detonation, and slow cook-off tests, and passes electromagnetic environmental effects (E3) assessments for compatibility in operational electromagnetic environments.^[2]^[3]

Accuracy and range metrics

The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) achieves a circular error probable (CEP) of less than 50 meters at ranges up to 30 kilometers for standard 155 mm high-explosive projectiles, such as the M795 and M549A1, when using GPS guidance under nominal conditions.^[3] In degraded GPS environments, the system relies on an inertial navigation system (INS) backup, resulting in reduced accuracy. Enhanced variants target a threshold of 30 meters CEP, with an objective of 20 meters.^[14] Optimal GPS performance in uncontested environments can yield as low as 10 meters CEP for enhanced variants.^[2] The kit's effective range varies with the projectile and propelling charge; standard configurations with M795 projectiles reach approximately 20-30 kilometers, while use of the M203A1 Zone 8S charge extends this to 40 kilometers from 39-caliber howitzers.^[3] Extended-range variants, such as the PGK-ER integrated with XM1113 projectiles, support ranges up to 70 kilometers when fired from advanced systems like 58-caliber barrels, as demonstrated in 2023 tests.^[34] Reliability metrics include a first-pass success rate meeting a 92 percent threshold and 97 percent objective.^[3] In contested environments with heavy GPS jamming, accuracy degrades without anti-jam enhancements; the M1156E5 variant, planned for fielding in 2026, incorporates improved INS and signal processing to maintain precision below 30 meters.^[14]^[18] Comparatively, the PGK reduces unguided projectile dispersion by about 80 percent; for instance, a standard M549A1 round's 267-meter CEP at maximum range drops to 50 meters with the kit.^[2] This correction is achieved through in-flight adjustments using deployable canards to compensate for errors in range and deflection.^[3]

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Tail kit: tail GPS antenna = for good reception in terminal vertical dive. [PGK, M1156] ... Kalman filter gains to be tuned for specific maneuverability. field ...
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[28]
ATK's PGK: Turning Shells into Precision Artillery
Jul 13, 2014 · Alliant Tech Systems' GPS-guided Precision Guidance Kit hopes to do for artillery shells what Boeing's JDAM tail kit has done for conventional bombs.Missing: history | Show results with:history
[29]
[PDF] Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) Program Update
Apr 20, 2015 · Production Start-Up. • Production initiated at Plymouth MN facility. ➢FAAT accepted December 2014. ➢Low rate production build started 19 January.
[30]
U.S. Army partnerships bring critical Assured PNT capabilities to ...
May 14, 2025 · The M1156A1 dramatically increases the accuracy of high-explosive projectiles, transforming them into near-precision munitions that perform ...
[31]
Northrop Grumman Successfully Test fires Extended Range
Jan 25, 2023 · The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK), formerly XM1156, is a U.S. Army-designed precision guidance system to turn existing 155 mm artillery ...
[32]
Long-Range Precision Guidance Kit passes critical test - BAE Systems
Oct 10, 2022 · The guidance kit combines anti-jam GPS sensors with control planes that enable projectile maneuverability throughout flight, and is compatible ...Missing: M1156 | Show results with:M1156
[33]
BAE Systems' LR-PGK: The superior Anti-Jam solution
BAE Systems' LR-PGK technology boasts an innovative guidance system with integrated, enhanced GPS-based navigation.Missing: M1156 tests 2023
[34]
https://militaryleak.com/2023/01/25/northrop-grumman-successfully-test-fires-extended-range-precision-guidance-kit-pgk-er/
[35]
PGK arrives in Afghanistan ahead of fighting season | Article - Army.mil
Apr 16, 2013 · This March Picatinny Arsenal began delivering troops the XM1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK), a new artillery technology that will keep American troops safer.
[36]
U.S. Army Long-Range Precision Fires: Background and Issues for ...
Mar 16, 2021 · ... M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) fuze for full-rate production as of 2016; this will provide a much more cost-effective precision
[37]
Arms Sales Notification - Federal Register
Jul 31, 2018 · 1. The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) is a Global Positioning System (GPS) Precise Positioning Service (PPS) guided 155mm artillery ...Missing: receiver | Show results with:receiver
[38]
New American military assistance to Ukraine, including 155 mm ...
Jul 11, 2022 · ... (Presidential Drawdown of Security Assistance - PDA) and represents ... M1156 PGK sets for 155-mm shells, but confirmed that these shots ...
[39]
Ukraine to receive new precision-guided 155-mm artillery rounds ...
The US will provide Ukraine with 1,000 rounds of 155mm ammunition as part of a new $400 million aid package. The package was announced on July 8.Missing: 2022-2024 | Show results with:2022-2024
[40]
[PDF] ARMY PROGRAMS - Precision Guidance Kit (PGK) - DOT&E
The Army authorized urgent fielding of PGK on March 4, 2013. The second track is the PGK Program of Record with full-rate production planned for 4QFY14.Missing: M1156 2015 designation
[41]
[PDF] National Training Center Exercise Operating Procedures (EXOP)
Jun 23, 2023 · A firing Incident is defined as any time a round impacts or functions at a point or time other than the designated target within four ...Missing: fuze | Show results with:fuze
[42]
NATO artillery exercise Dynamic Front kicks off across Europe - DVIDS
Nov 7, 2024 · ROVANIEMI, Finland – Dynamic Front, a large-scale multinational field artillery exercise, began here, Nov. 4, 2024.Missing: M1156 PGK<|separator|>
[43]
REFORPAC 2025: US Air Force executes unprecedented surge into ...
Jul 17, 2025 · The aim is to improve interoperability and multilateral cooperation, leading to a stronger, more capable, deterrent force.Missing: M1156 PGK roles NATO peacekeeping 2024
[44]
DSEI 2015: Aussie precision munitions en route - Shephard Media
Sep 9, 2015 · Australia signed a contract with Orbital-ATK worth $57.8 million in August 2013 for 4,002 M1156 precision guidance kits (PGK) through.
[45]
[PDF] The Government of Australia - Defense Security Cooperation Agency
The Government of Australia has requested a possible sale of up to 4,002 M1156 Precision Guidance Kits. (PGK) for 155mm munitions, personnel training and ...
[46]
[PDF] Finland – M1156A1 Precision Guidance Kits
WASHINGTON, August 19, 2024 - The State Department has made a determination approving a possible. Foreign Military Sale to the Government of Finland of ...
[47]
[PDF] M1156 Precision Guided Kits - Defense Security Cooperation Agency
Dec 9, 2024 · The Netherlands has requested to buy three thousand five hundred (3,500) M1156 Precision Guided Kits. Also included are six (6) PGK settable ...
[48]
U.S. Security Cooperation with Ukraine - State Department
On September 6, 2023, the Secretary announced an additional $100 million in Foreign Military Financing to support Ukraine's longer-term military requirements.Missing: M1156 PGK
[49]
August 2024 Export Control Regulations Updates | FD Associates, Inc.
This newsletter is a listing of the latest changes in export control regulations through August 31, 2024.<|separator|>
[50]
Idaho Army National Guard Fires Precision-Guided Munitions
May 27, 2022 · ... PGK costs $6,500 per kit. A fail-safe can also prevent the shell from exploding if it falls outside 150 meters of an intended target ...Missing: unit | Show results with:unit
[51]
Precision Guidance Kit turn artillery rounds into smart weapons that ...
The M1156 PGK GPS guidance and navigation unit can be fitted to 155mm ... 30 metres. It replaces conventional artillery fuzes, requires no additional ...<|control11|><|separator|>
[52]
M1156 precision guidance kit - Wikipedia
The M1156 Precision Guidance Kit (PGK), formerly XM1156, is a US Army-designed precision guidance system to turn existing 155 mm artillery shells into smart ...Overview · Program timeline · Trials · Export