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Moise

Jovenel Moïse (26 June 1968 – 7 July 2021) was a Haitian businessman and politician who served as the 48th from February 2017 until his at his private residence in . Born in Trou-du-Nord to a modest family—his father a farmer and mechanic, his mother a seamstress—Moïse moved to as a child and pursued education there before entering the . Prior to politics, Moïse built a career in agribusiness, founding the company Agritrans in 2001 to export bananas and managing a that supported thousands of farmers in northern . He later served as of the Chamber of Commerce in , gaining local influence through economic ventures amid 's post-earthquake recovery challenges. These experiences positioned him as a protégé of outgoing , leading to his nomination as the PHTK party candidate in the 2016 presidential election, which he won amid disputes over irregularities but was upheld after a rerun. Moïse's presidency was defined by escalating crises, including widespread protests fueled by allegations of tied to the mismanagement of Venezuelan aid funds in the program, soaring fuel prices, and his refusal to vacate office after opponents claimed his term expired in 2020 due to delayed parliamentary elections. Critics accused him of authoritarian moves, such as establishing a personal and pushing for a constitutional amid gang violence and institutional paralysis, though supporters credited him with efforts to stabilize and . His tenure exacerbated Haiti's fragility, with rising insecurity and , culminating in his killing by a squad of foreign mercenaries and Haitian accomplices in a linked to political rivals and financial motives. Investigations continue, with charges filed against his widow, former officials, and plot participants, highlighting deep governance failures.

Etymology

Origin and biblical roots

The name Moise originates as a variant of the biblical figure , whose is Moshe (מֹשֶׁה), as recorded in the . According to Exodus 2:10, Pharaoh's daughter names the infant Moshe after drawing him from the River in a basket, deriving the name from the Hebrew root mashah (משה), meaning "to draw out" or "to pull out," specifically "drawn out [of the water]." This etymology aligns with the narrative of Moses' rescue and reflects a Hebrew folk explanation emphasizing divine preservation. In , particularly , Moise (often accented as Moïse) evolved directly from the Latin Moyses, itself adapted from the Greek Mōüsēs (Μωϋσῆς) in the translation of the . This form preserves the biblical roots while adapting to and phonology, appearing in medieval texts as a equivalent of the prophet's name. The name's transmission underscores its foundational role in tradition, where is depicted as the lawgiver who led the from circa 13th century BCE, receiving the Ten Commandments at . Scholarly analysis, however, proposes an alternative etymology for Moshe, potentially from ms or msy meaning "child" or "son," as in compound names like ("born of "), suggesting the biblical account provides a Hebrew reinterpretation to fit the rescue story rather than the original naming intent. This view, supported by , posits that an Egyptian princess would likely have bestowed an Egyptian-derived name, with the Hebrew "drawn out" serving as a theological gloss in tradition composed centuries later. Despite this, the biblical roots remain centered on the mashah derivation in scriptural across Jewish and Christian sources.

Linguistic variations and modern usage

Moise, as a linguistic variant of the Hebrew Moshe (meaning "drawn out [of the water]"), appears in Romance languages with adaptations reflecting phonetic and orthographic conventions. The Romanian form is Moise, used without diacritics in standard spelling. In French, it is rendered as Moïse, with a diaeresis (ï) to denote the diphthong /wa.jz/. Italian equivalents include Moise and the Judeo-Italian Moisé, a derivative of Mosè. These spellings trace to medieval vernaculars adapting the Latin Mōysēs from biblical texts. In contemporary contexts, Moise persists as a masculine in , where it retains biblical connotations, and among Jewish populations in , , and historical medieval communities. The accented Moïse sees limited but ongoing use in Francophone regions, including , often as both a forename and among populations. Pronunciation differs regionally: approximates /ˈmoj.se/, /mwa.jz/, and English adaptations may simplify to /mɔɪs/ or /moʊˈiːs/. As a , Moise occurs (with 70.87% of bearers identifying as Black, per genetic databases) and reflects , , or Jewish heritage, though given-name usage remains rare outside traditional enclaves.

Given name

Notable individuals named Moise

Moise Tshombe (November 10, 1919 – June 29, 1969) was a Congolese businessman and politician who served as president of the secessionist from 1960 to 1963 and briefly as prime minister of the in 1964–1965. Born in Musumba to a wealthy family, Tshombe inherited a trading business and led the Confédération des associations tribales du Katanga (CONAKAT) party, advocating for amid Congo's independence crisis; his leadership of Katanga's breakaway was supported by Belgian interests and mining companies but ended with military reintegration by UN forces. Moise Kean (born February 28, 2000) is an Italian professional footballer of Ivorian descent who plays as a forward for club Fiorentina and the national team. Standing at 182 cm and right-footed, Kean debuted for Juventus at age 16 in 2017, becoming the club's youngest scorer, and has since played for , Paris Saint-Germain, and Hellas Verona on loan, accumulating over 100 senior appearances with notable goals in World Cup qualifiers. Moise Safra (April 15, 1934 – June 15, 2014) was a Lebanese-Brazilian banker and philanthropist who co-founded with brothers Edmond and , building a global financial empire from Syrian-Jewish roots after emigrating to in the 1950s. He focused on and investments, amassing a estimated in billions, and supported Jewish causes, education, and health initiatives in until his death from Parkinson's complications.

Notable individuals named Moïse

Moïse Tshombe (10 November 1919 – 29 June 1969) was a Congolese businessman and politician born in Musumba, , to a wealthy family. He led the secessionist from July 1960 to January 1963 during the , advocating for regional autonomy amid post-independence instability, and later served as Prime Minister of the from July 1964 to November 1965. Moïse Katumbi Chapwe (born 28 December 1964) is a Congolese businessman and opposition politician of mixed Greek-Jewish and Zambian heritage, born near the Ugandan border. He served as of from 2007 to 2015, overseeing mining operations in one of Africa's richest mineral regions, before entering national politics as leader of the Together for the Republic party and a presidential contender in and elections. Jovenel Moïse (26 June 1968 – 7 July 2021) was a Haitian businessman and politician born in Trou-du-Nord, who founded an agrifuel company before entering politics. He was elected in 2016, taking office on 7 February 2017, and governed amid economic challenges and protests until his assassination by armed intruders at his private residence in on 7 July 2021. Moïse Amyraut (1596–1664) was a Huguenot theologian born in Bourgueil, , who studied law and theology before becoming a professor and pastor at the Academy of in 1633. He is recognized for formulating , a moderate Calvinist position positing a hypothetical universal atonement conditioned on faith, influencing Reformed debates on and .

Surname

Notable individuals surnamed Moise

Edwin E. Moise (December 22, 1918 – December 18, 1998) was an mathematician specializing in and , as well as a reformer in . He authored influential textbooks, including Elementary Geometry from an Advanced Standpoint (1963), which emphasized rigorous axiomatic approaches to suitable for advanced undergraduates. During , Moise contributed to U.S. code-breaking efforts against German and Japanese communications. He held academic positions at institutions such as (1960–1971) and Queens College, where he served as . Patty Moise (born July 1, 1962), also known as Patricia Moise-Sawyer, is a former American professional . She competed in five NASCAR Winston Cup Series races from 1987 to 1989 and 133 NASCAR Busch Series (now Series) events from 1986 to 1998, achieving four top-10 finishes in the latter. On January 23, 1990, Moise set the women's world record for fastest recorded speed in at , clocking 217.498 mph during qualifying. She was among the early female s to break barriers in the sport, often racing her own team entries.

Notable individuals surnamed Moïse

Jovenel Moïse (June 26, 1968 – July 7, 2021) was a Haitian businessman and politician who served as the 42nd from February 7, 2017, until his . Born in Trou du Nord to a farmer and mechanic father and a seamstress mother, Moïse relocated to in 1974, where he established an agricultural enterprise focused on organic bananas and a textile factory employing over 1,000 workers by 2013. He entered politics as the handpicked successor of , winning the 2016 presidential election with 55.67% of the vote in the October runoff against Jude Celestin. His tenure involved governance by decree after parliament dissolved in 2019, amid widespread protests over alleged , corruption, and fuel shortages; he was killed by armed intruders at his residence in , an attack linked to Colombian mercenaries and Haitian-Americans. Moïse Katumbi Chapwe (born December 28, 1955) is a Congolese entrepreneur and opposition politician, recognized as one of the of Congo's wealthiest individuals through , transportation, and media ventures. He served as Governor of from 2007 to 2015, resigning amid disputes with over term limits. Katumbi founded the Together for the Republic party and ran for in , barred by a revocation he attributed to political persecution, before challenging in the 2023 election, securing second place with approximately 19% of votes per provisional tallies. He owns the successful football club , multiple-time African champions, and has advocated for democratic reforms while facing periods due to legal battles over alleged hiring, which he denies.

Other uses

Fictional and cultural references

In Tennessee Williams's 1975 novel Moise and the World of Reason, the titular character Moise is a charismatic musician encountered by the unnamed narrator, a Southern fleeing personal turmoil to New Orleans; the work explores themes of desire, creativity, and human connection through Moise's sensual influence on the protagonists. In the 1965 British film The Party's Over, directed by , portrays Moise as the pretentious leader of a collective in , whose hedonistic gatherings culminate in tragedy following the arrival of an American heir. Gioachino Rossini's 1827 opera Moïse et Pharaon, ou Le passage de la mer rouge, adapted from his earlier Mosè in Egitto, centers on the biblical prophet Moïse leading the from , emphasizing dramatic confrontations with and divine intervention at the ; the libretto highlights Moïse's prayer for light in a darkened scene, a hallmark of grand opéra.

Geographical and miscellaneous associations

Moise Lake is a small lake located in the Mackenzie District of the , , at coordinates 62°19′31″N 114°8′5″W. Another body of water bearing the name appears in , , supporting and nautical activities. The Moise River, featured in Canadian geographical documentation, flows through remote northern terrain, highlighting regional . In miscellaneous contexts, the Moise Memorial Library operates as a public institution in , serving Guadalupe County residents with books, resources, and community programs; the facility opened on November 16, 1968, and was dedicated by Justice Irwin S. Moise, a local legal figure. Hours include weekdays from 9 a.m. to 6 or 7 p.m., with Saturday mornings, and it has received grants for technology expansion, such as initiatives. The Moise Safra Center, situated at 134 East 82nd Street in , functions as a Jewish community hub offering worship at the Ohel Moshe , fitness facilities including a and , educational programs, and events promoting Jewish values and affinity; it emphasizes tzedaka (charity) and (kindness) in its operations.

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