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SMP

The Sexual Marketplace (SMP) is a portraying dynamics as a competitive arena akin to an economic market, where individuals assess and pursue partners based on their perceived sexual market value (SMV)—a measure paralleling notions of encompassing traits like , resources, status, and fertility indicators. This model, rooted in theory and , posits that sex functions as a scarce over which sexes negotiate, with women historically exerting greater selectivity due to higher reproductive costs and men competing via provisioning and cues. Central to the SMP are asymmetries in value trajectories: empirical studies confirm women’s peaks earlier, often tied to and physical cues of , leading to preferences for partners of higher status or resources (), whereas men’s value accrues over time through accumulated achievements and reliability, enabling later-life advantages. platforms have globalized the SMP, amplifying visibility of top-tier options and intensifying competition, as evidenced by data showing disproportionate messaging toward a small fraction of high-SMV individuals, particularly affecting average men’s access. The framework gained prominence in male-centric online discourse for explaining observed dating disparities, such as rising rates among young men and shifting pair-bonding patterns, but faces criticism from institutionally dominant perspectives that dismiss it as reductive or biased toward male grievances, despite alignment with data on sex-differentiated preferences. Proponents emphasize its utility in causal realism, highlighting how ignoring realities contributes to mismatched expectations and relational failures, while empirical validation through inventories underscores its descriptive power over normative judgments.

Computing

Symmetric Multiprocessing

(SMP) is a architecture featuring two or more identical processors connected to a single shared main , , and operating , with each processor enjoying symmetric access to these resources. This design enables the operating to schedule tasks across any processor without hierarchical restrictions, supporting efficient execution for multi-threaded applications. Early SMP implementations appeared in mainframe systems, with the Burroughs B5500 providing the first commercial example in , followed by adoption in other mid-range servers and Unix-based workstations during the 1970s and 1980s. By the , SMP gained prominence in server environments as processor prices declined, allowing systems with 2 to 8 CPUs to handle demanding workloads like database processing. Unlike asymmetric multiprocessing (AMP), in which one master processor controls subordinate ones with unequal resource access and dedicated tasks, SMP eliminates such asymmetry, promoting dynamic load distribution and eliminating single points of control failure. systems are simpler and cheaper to implement for specialized tasks but less flexible for general-purpose , whereas SMP demands sophisticated operating system kernels for symmetric scheduling and . Modern operating systems, including kernels since version 2.0 in 1996 and Windows NT derivatives, incorporate SMP support through features like per-CPU run queues, spinlocks for , and protocols such as MESI to manage consistency across processors. These mechanisms mitigate issues like race conditions in multi-threaded environments, enabling SMP to scale performance linearly up to dozens of cores in servers. SMP offers advantages including higher throughput via concurrent task execution and , where a single failure allows remaining units to continue operations without system-wide shutdown. Resource utilization improves as idle can immediately handle dispatched threads, reducing bottlenecks in I/O-bound or compute-intensive scenarios. However, SMP incurs disadvantages such as increased design complexity from managing shared bus contention and overhead, which can degrade performance beyond 16-32 processors due to limiting parallelizable workloads. Higher costs arise from requirements for uniform high-speed interconnects and robust , making large-scale SMP less economical than distributed alternatives like clusters for massive parallelism. In contemporary multi-core processors from vendors like and , SMP manifests as symmetric cores on a die sharing on-chip s and last-level hierarchies, facilitating seamless parallelism in consumer devices and data centers for tasks like and machine learning inference. This integration has driven widespread adoption since the mid-2000s, with systems supporting up to 128 cores in high-end servers while maintaining OS-transparent symmetry.

System Management and Modification Programs

System Modification Program/Extended (SMP/E) is a utility provided by for and related operating systems, primarily used to install, update, and maintain software products through the application of system modifications known as SYSMODs. These SYSMODs include program temporary fixes (PTFs) to address defects, preventive service engineering (PSE) packages for proactive updates, and authorized program analysis reports (APARs) for functional enhancements or user modifications. SMP/E manages these changes at the level—discrete units of such as modules, macros, or datasets—ensuring precise tracking of dependencies, overlaps, and prerequisites to prevent conflicts during . Originally introduced as the System Modification Program (SMP) in the OS/VS1 and OS/VS2 MVS environments during the 1970s, it enabled the integration of IBM-supplied modifications and user changes into the base operating system libraries. By the 1980s, it evolved into SMP/E to support more complex z/OS installations, incorporating extended capabilities for zoned management: distribution zones for holding unmodified input, target zones for applying changes to system libraries, and global zones for shared modifiable elements like macros and load modules. This zoning approach allows staged processing—receiving SYSMODs, applying them non-destructively, and accepting them into production—minimizing downtime and enabling rollback if issues arise. SMP/E processes involve invoking it via jobs with commands like RECEIVE, APPLY, and ACCEPT, often integrated with tools for exception reporting and verification, such as the Installation Verification Program (IVP). It supports automated workflows for applying maintenance across multiple , including handling requisites like corequisites or superseding SYSMODs, and generates reports on applied changes for auditing. As of z/OS version 3.1 (released in 2023), SMP/E remains integral to mainframe lifecycle management, with enhancements for and support for larger datasets. System administrators rely on it to maintain with IBM's service levels, as unapplied PTFs can expose systems to known vulnerabilities; for instance, IBM recommends regular PSE/PTF application cycles, typically quarterly, to sustain operational integrity. In practice, SMP/E's database-driven tracks over 10,000 potential elements per product, enforcing rules to resolve modification overlaps—such as selecting the latest superseding fix—and integrates with security tools for during zones. While effective for controlled environments, its complexity requires specialized training, as evidenced by IBM's dedicated workshops emphasizing JCL customization and error diagnostics from SYSOUT listings. Limitations include dependency on sequential processing, which can extend timelines for large-scale updates involving thousands of SYSMODs, though recent versions mitigate this via improved I/O handling. Overall, SMP/E exemplifies deterministic in enterprise computing, prioritizing over ad-hoc changes to uphold system reliability in mission-critical deployments.

Physical Sciences and Materials

Shape-Memory Polymers

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are stimuli-responsive materials that exhibit the ability to recover a predefined permanent after being deformed into a temporary configuration, triggered by external stimuli such as , , , or magnetic fields. This memory effect (SME) arises from the polymer's molecular architecture, which combines permanent netpoints—such as chemical crosslinks or crystalline domains that define the original —with temporary switching segments that enable deformation and fixation. Unlike shape-memory alloys, SMPs offer advantages including lower (typically 0.9–1.2 g/cm³), higher deformability (up to 400% ), tunable recovery temperatures (e.g., via temperatures Tg from -60°C to over 100°C), and cost-effective processing. Quantitatively, performance is measured by shape fixity ratio (Rf, often >90%) and shape recovery ratio (Rr, typically 95–99% in optimized formulations), reflecting the efficiency of temporary shape retention and permanent shape restoration. The origins of SMPs trace to the , when patents described methacrylic ester resins exhibiting elastic memory for dental applications, though practical exploitation was limited. Commercial viability emerged in the with radiation-crosslinked, heat-shrinkable polyethylenes used in tubing, which recover upon heating above 100°C. SMP development accelerated in the 1980s, with the first polyurethane-based SMP commercialized by in in 1984, enabling applications like heat-shrink films with recovery strains exceeding 200%. Subsequent research in the and focused on biomedical and uses, with key advancements including triple-shape memory polymers demonstrated in 2006, allowing sequential recovery through two distinct thermal transitions (e.g., Tg1 at 55°C and Tg2 at 95°C in poly(ε-caprolactone) networks). At the molecular level, SME mechanisms include the dual-state mechanism, where heating above or melting temperature (Tm) allows chain mobility for deformation, cooling fixes the temporary shape via or (fixing up to 99% ), and reheating drives entropic recovery as chains recoil to minimize conformational . Alternative pathways encompass dual-component mechanisms, relying on phase-separated domains (e.g., rigid inclusions in an elastic matrix), and partial-transition mechanisms, exploiting incomplete softening for partial fixation. Fabrication involves thermoplastic processing (e.g., for polyurethanes) or thermoset curing (e.g., UV crosslinking of acrylates), with programming via uniaxial or biaxial deformation at elevated temperatures. Classifications distinguish thermo-responsive SMPs (dominant, e.g., PMMA with ≈110°C or polycaprolactone with Tm ≈55°C), chemo-responsive variants (e.g., hydrogels swelling >200% in ), and multi-stimuli types incorporating fillers like carbon nanotubes for electro-activation (recovery at 20V) or Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for magneto-response (Rr >95% at 50°C under fields). Applications leverage SMPs' adaptability across fields. In biomedicine, they enable self-deploying stents (e.g., polyurethane foams expanding 200–400% post-insertion via body heat at 37°C) and 4D-printed scaffolds for , where recovery ratios exceed 90% under physiological stimuli. Engineering uses include morphing wings (e.g., polyurethane composites recovering under infrared heating) and soft robotics actuators (e.g., light-triggered polyurethanes with <15-second response times via photothermal fillers like MXene). Sensor roles exploit dimensional changes, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate protrusions expanding from 0.48 mm to 1.6 mm at critical temperatures for thermal detection or buckling in "redox glue" for humidity sensing. Challenges persist in achieving rapid actuation (often minutes for thermal recovery) and mechanical strength (moduli 1–100 MPa, lower than metals), prompting ongoing composite reinforcements with nanoparticles to boost tensile strength by 50–200% while preserving Rr >95%. Recent 2025 reviews highlight shape-memory elastomers in self-healing textiles and recyclable actuators, with blends like /epoxidized natural rubber achieving Rf 95% and Rr 98% above 80°C.

Medicine and Cosmetics

Scalp Micropigmentation

Scalp micropigmentation (SMP) is a non-surgical cosmetic technique that deposits small pigment dots into the dermal layer of the scalp using specialized needles, simulating the appearance of closely cropped hair follicles to address visible scalp exposure from androgenetic alopecia, scarring alopecia, or other forms of hair loss. The procedure creates an optical illusion of denser hair without actual transplantation or growth stimulation, primarily targeting the upper dermis to avoid deeper pigment migration. Originating from adaptations of permanent makeup techniques in the early 1990s, SMP gained structured application with the opening of dedicated clinics around 2002, evolving from basic tattooing methods to refined shading for natural density effects. The process typically involves 2-4 sessions spaced 7-14 days apart, each lasting 2-4 hours depending on scalp area, with pigments selected to match skin tone and hair color for realism. Needles of varying diameters (0.18-0.35 mm) deposit , iron-oxide-based inks that resist fading from UV exposure or chemical treatments, though natural skin turnover causes gradual lightening over 3-5 years, necessitating touch-ups. Efficacy studies report high patient satisfaction in camouflaging scarring alopecia, with visible improvements in perceived hair and reduced emotional distress, particularly in cases with minimal dermal ; however, outcomes vary by disease subtype and initial condition. Common adverse effects include transient pain, , ecchymosis, and pigment color shifts (noted in 40% of cases), alongside rare risks of from non-sterile equipment, allergic reactions, or formation in predisposed individuals. Contraindications encompass active scalp , bleeding disorders like hemophilia, or use, as these elevate procedural risks without altering the cosmetic intent. Unsatisfactory results, such as unnatural dot shapes or accelerated fading, may require revisions in up to 20-30% of patients, often due to operator skill variability rather than inherent technique flaws. Empirical data from retrospective analyses indicate SMP's safety profile aligns with other intradermal pigmentations when performed by trained practitioners, though long-term peer-reviewed trials remain limited, emphasizing the need for individualized assessments over generalized endorsements.

Organizations

Automotive and Manufacturing

, Inc. (NYSE: SMP) is an American company specializing in the manufacture and distribution of replacement parts for motor vehicles, primarily serving the industry. Founded on April 19, 1919, by Elias Fife and Ralph Van Allen in , the firm initially concentrated on ignition systems and electrical components for early automobiles, addressing the growing demand for reliable parts amid the expansion of personal vehicle ownership. SMP commenced manufacturing in 1923 with the production of battery cables at a facility in , , marking its shift from distribution to in-house production of essential automotive components. By 1926, the company had broadened its output to include ignition parts and expanded wire and cable production, establishing itself as a key supplier in the emerging sector. A pivotal legal victory in 1932, when SMP defended the vehicles using parts before the U.S. , reinforced industry practices against restrictions. The company went public in 1960 and listed on the in 1977 under the ticker SMP, enabling further growth through acquisitions and international expansion. SMP organizes operations into two primary segments: Engine Management, encompassing products such as fuel injectors, ignition wires, sensors, switches, and emission control devices; and , which includes compressors, clutches, blowers, and evaporators. These segments collectively offer over 80,000 stock-keeping units designed to meet or exceed original equipment specifications, with manufacturing facilities spanning the , (including three sites in opened starting in 2005), (facility established in 2006), and (first offshore plant in 1967). By 2019, SMP had grown to employ approximately 4,400 people worldwide and achieved net sales surpassing $1 billion, reflecting its adaptation to technological advancements like electronic engine controls and thermal management systems. The company maintains headquarters in , , and continues to prioritize independent distribution through warehouses and partnerships, avoiding direct supply to focus on repair and maintenance needs. In the broader automotive manufacturing landscape, Peguform (branded as SMP Automotive), a of the Indian multinational Group, represents another entity utilizing the SMP designation. Originating from Badische Plastikwerke founded in 1959 in Bötzingen, , and integrated into the Motherson Group in 2011, SMP Automotive specializes in injection-molded plastic components and assembled modules for vehicle interiors and exteriors, including cockpits, door panels, bumper systems, and body parts supplied to manufacturers such as , , and . With over 13,000 employees across 36 production and logistics sites in , , , and , it emphasizes lightweight, high-volume plastic technologies to support automotive efficiency and design integration.

Motorsport and Racing

SMP Racing is a Russian motorsport organization established in 2013 by Boris Rotenberg, founder of SMP Bank, with the aim of developing and promoting automobile racing within Russia. The program operates as both a racing team and a driver academy, nurturing talent from karting through to international series, including the Russian Circuit Racing Series (RCRS), SMP Formula 4 Championship, and formerly higher-tier competitions like the FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC) and FIA Formula 2. The team achieved notable success in endurance racing during its international phase, particularly in the , where drivers Basov, Viktor Shaitar, and Bertolini secured victories with a Ferrari F458, including class wins at the in 2015. expanded into GT racing, supporting teams in the (ELMS) and GT World Challenge, while backing Russian drivers in single-seaters such as , , and . By 2019, the program had completed the Super Season with competitive results, establishing itself as Russia's most prominent entity. In response to following Russia's invasion of in 2022, withdrew from global competitions, pulling drivers like from FIA 3 and ceasing participation in series such as and 2. The organization's owners faced asset freezes and travel bans from the and , limiting cross-border operations. Despite these restrictions, shifted focus to domestic development, maintaining involvement in karting, RCRS endurance events, and reviving the SMP Championship in 2025 after a five-year hiatus. As of 2025, the program continues to operate primarily within , hosting national championships and simracing initiatives to identify and train pilots, with early-season leaders like Artem Severiukhin in the relaunched series. This pivot reflects adaptations to geopolitical constraints, prioritizing local talent pipelines over international exposure previously afforded by partnerships in ELMS and testing.

Other Organizations

The Senior Medicare Patrol (SMP) is a network of state and local organizations funded by the U.S. Administration for Community Living () to educate beneficiaries, families, and caregivers on preventing, detecting, and reporting suspected healthcare fraud, errors, and abuse. Launched in 1997 through amendments to the , the program began as demonstration initiatives in 12 states before expanding nationwide to cover all 50 states, the District of Columbia, , , and the U.S. . It employs approximately 5,532 staff and volunteers across more than 500 sites, who deliver community outreach, one-on-one counseling, and referrals to investigative agencies. In 2023, SMP received $35.2 million in total funding under the and Abuse Control program, including $32.2 million disbursed to grantee projects for operational support. The Small and Medium Practices Advisory Group (SMPAG) operates under the (IFAC) to advise on policies and resources tailored to small and medium-sized accounting practices (SMPs), which audit or serve more than 95% of global enterprises and account for about 60% of private-sector employment. Composed of representatives from 17 countries including , , , , , and the , the group contributes to IFAC's standard-setting processes by ensuring international accounting standards remain practical and relevant for SMPs. Its activities include developing guidance tools, promoting professional capacity-building, and advocating for SMP visibility in global economic discussions. SMP also designates a U.S. registered as an independent-expenditure-only Super PAC with the since 2010, focused on influencing federal elections through unlimited contributions and spending not coordinated with candidates. The files quarterly reports on its financial activities but maintains a low public profile with limited disclosed expenditures relative to larger PACs.

Entertainment

Music and Bands

SMP, also known as Sounds of Mass Production, is an American band formed in , , in 1992. The project incorporates elements of with influences from and . It originated with core members Jason Bazinet and Sean Ivy, though Ivy departed following the band's early releases. The band debuted in 1995 with the album , which received critical attention within the scene. Subsequent releases include Terminal in 2000, Hacked in 2002, and Crimes of the Future in 2004, available on platforms such as . SMP remains active, with later works like the 2021 EP SMP vs. the . In contexts, "SMP" refers to SM Music Performance, a high-energy associated with groups from , emphasizing synchronized choreography and vocal delivery over intricate production; examples include tracks by and from the mid-2000s. This stylistic label, rather than a band name, highlights -oriented music popular in SM's "" output.

Social and Economic Concepts

Sexual Marketplace Value

Sexual marketplace value () quantifies an individual's relative desirability as a mate, determined by factors including , age-related cues, socioeconomic resources, and , within the framework of human mating dynamics. This concept posits that mate selection operates akin to a competitive market where individuals seek to maximize , with value assessed subconsciously through evolved preferences. Empirical research in supports underlying asymmetries: men tend to prioritize traits signaling reproductive potential, such as youth and , while women emphasize provisioning ability and dominance, which accrue over time. Gender-specific SMV trajectories diverge due to sex differences in reproductive constraints and life-history strategies. For women, peaks in the early to mid-20s, coinciding with maximum and ratings, as men across 37 cultures consistently prefer partners younger by an average of 2.7 years, valuing cues like clear skin and indicative of reproductive value. data confirm women's reproductive capacity is highest between ages 20-24, declining sharply after 30 due to reduced quality and increased risk. In contrast, men's rises through the 30s and into the 40s, driven by accumulated status and resources; women in 45 countries rated financial prospects and ambition as top priorities, traits that correlate positively with male age and career progression. These patterns manifest in observable behaviors, such as age-disparate pairings and experiments. Speed-dating studies reveal men decide based more on immediate attractiveness ( d=0.92 favoring men valuing looks), while women weigh status signals, leading to older men pairing with younger women more frequently than vice versa. , the female preference for higher-status mates, persists empirically: analyses of U.S. data from 1980-2019 show women with lower education or income are 15-20% more likely to marry upward, with no significant decline over time despite rising female economic independence. surveys reinforce this, with women rejecting 80% of men below average attractiveness or status in contexts, amplifying male . Critics, often from sociological perspectives, argue SMV oversimplifies by marketizing intimacy and ignoring cultural shifts toward , yet longitudinal data indicate enduring biological priors: partner age gaps average 3-4 years (men older) globally, with deviations linked to resource scarcity rather than . The concept, formalized in non-academic works like Rollo Tomassi's The Rational Male (2013), aligns with but extends peer-reviewed findings, though it attributes less weight to post-peak SMV. Empirical validation comes from replicable sex differences in preferences, stable across modernization levels, underscoring causal roles of theory over alone.

Labor and Education Terms

Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) is a mandatory payment provided by employers to eligible pregnant employees in the who take maternity leave. It covers up to 39 weeks, with the first six weeks paid at 90% of the employee's average weekly earnings before tax, and the subsequent 33 weeks at a standard weekly rate of £187.18 or 90% of average weekly earnings, whichever is lower. Eligibility requires continuous employment with the same employer for at least 26 weeks leading up to the 15th week before the expected week of and average weekly earnings of at least £123. Employers fund SMP but can recover it from contributions, ensuring support for working mothers without direct cost to the state beyond reimbursements. In U.S. education, the Standards for Mathematical (SMP) form a core component of the State Standards for , outlining eight habits of mind and actions that proficient students exhibit across grade levels. These include making sense of problems and persevering in solving them, reasoning abstractly and quantitatively, and constructing viable arguments and critiquing the reasoning of others. The SMPs emphasize process-oriented skills over rote content knowledge, aiming to foster mathematical proficiency by integrating practices like modeling with and attending to precision into daily instruction. Adopted by over 40 states since 2010, they guide and teacher training to build students' ability to apply flexibly in real-world contexts. The Special Milk Program (SMP) is a U.S. federal initiative administered by the USDA's , reimbursing schools, childcare institutions, and eligible camps for providing to children who do not participate in other federal child nutrition programs like the National School Lunch Program. Launched in 1954 as an agricultural support measure to boost consumption, it offers half-pint servings of low-fat or fat-free , with reimbursements based on free rates for all participants regardless of . Participating entities must serve without meals and adhere to nutritional standards, serving approximately 81,000 children daily as of recent data, primarily in split-session kindergartens or non-program schools. The program promotes child health by addressing potential nutrient gaps in intake among underserved groups.

Other Uses

Miscellaneous Acronyms

In computing, SMP refers to , an architecture in which multiple identical processors share a common memory resource and execute both user and operating-system code symmetrically, enabling for improved performance in multi-threaded applications. This design contrasts with asymmetric multiprocessing by treating all processors equivalently without dedicated roles. In and , SMP is the abbreviation for sine mascula prole, a Latin phrase meaning "without issue" or "without surviving heirs," used to denote lines that terminate without descendants. In the , SMP stands for Statutory Maternity Pay, a statutory providing eligible employed mothers with up to 90% of their average weekly earnings for the first six weeks of maternity leave, followed by a fixed lower rate for the subsequent 33 weeks, administered through employers and funded by contributions as of 2023 guidelines. In Indonesia, SMP designates Sekolah Menengah Pertama, the formal term for junior high school covering grades 7 through 9 in the national education system, mandatory for children aged approximately 13 to 15. In the U.S. military, SMP refers to the Simultaneous Membership Program, which permits cadets in the (ROTC) to concurrently enlist in the or Army Reserve, earning drill pay and gaining experience while pursuing commissioning, established under Title 10 U.S. Code provisions. Other niche uses include System Marginal Price in markets, representing the price at which the last unit of is dispatched to meet .

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