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TK

TK may refer to:

People

Musicians and producers

(born November 27, 1958, in ) is a musician, composer, and widely known by the initials TK. He founded the influential band TM Network in 1983 alongside vocalist Takashi Utsunomiya and guitarist Naoto Kine, debuting the following year with the single "Kinyōbi no Lion". The group achieved major success in the late 1980s, highlighted by their 1987 number-one hit "Get Wild", which became a defining track in pop. In the , Komuro rose to prominence as a , pioneering the integration of into and creating the "TK Family" collective of artists. He launched the techno-rave group trf in 1992, whose debut album trf's First Dance Heaven sold over a million copies, and produced chart-topping hits for acts including (e.g., "Don't Wanna Cry" in 1996), , and Tomomi Kahala. By 1996, Komuro's compositions accounted for seven of Japan's top ten songs, establishing him as the era's most successful with sales exceeding 120 million records across his projects. His work emphasized synthesizer-driven rhythms and catchy hooks, shaping the post-bubble economy's vibrant pop landscape. Toru Kitajima (born December 23, 1982, in ), professionally known as , is a , , and . He co-founded the band in 2002 in with bassist/vocalist , later joined by drummer Pierre Nakano in 2005; the trio's intense, math-rock-infused sound blends aggressive guitars, rapid tempo shifts, and TK's soaring vocals. The band signed with Associated Records in 2008, releasing their major-label debut album Just a Moment in 2009, which peaked at No. 4 on the charts, followed by the No. 1 album still a Sigure virgin? in 2010. Since the early 2000s, Kitajima has driven 's output while pursuing solo endeavors under the moniker TK from Ling tosite sigure, debuting in 2012 with the album Flowering, which explored more experimental and ambient elements compared to the band's raw energy. Subsequent solo releases include Fantastic Magic (2014), featuring reimagined band tracks like "unravel" (the opening theme for the Tokyo Ghoul), and (2016), showcasing his versatility in composition and production. His contributions extend to anime soundtracks, including themes for and , blending intensity with melodic introspection.

Athletes and businesspeople

Taylen Kinney (born January 19, 2008) is an American basketball player nicknamed "TK," who plays as a for in the league. Standing at 6 feet 3 inches, Kinney is recognized for his scoring ability and defensive prowess, often contributing as a versatile lead guard capable of multi-level attacks and playmaking. In September 2025, he committed to play at the following his time in . Travis Kalanick (born August 6, 1976) is an American entrepreneur known by the initials TK, best recognized as the co-founder and former CEO of Technologies, which he helped establish in 2009 and led until 2017. Prior to Uber, Kalanick founded Scour in 1997 as a file-sharing service while studying at UCLA, though it filed for in 2000 amid legal challenges. He subsequently launched in 2001, a content delivery network that was acquired by for $18.7 million in 2007, providing early experience in scalable tech ventures. Under Kalanick's leadership, grew into a global ride-sharing giant, disrupting the transportation industry by introducing app-based on-demand services and achieving widespread adoption worldwide. After departing Uber, he founded in 2017, a commercial kitchen rental company focused on supporting operations.

Places

Administrative divisions

TK is an abbreviation for , also known as taluk or taluka in some regions, which serves as a sub-district administrative unit in , , and other South Asian countries, primarily handling local , revenue collection, land records maintenance, and dispute resolution related to property and taxation. These units are headed by a , who acts as the key revenue officer overseeing such as land revenue administration, election duties, and judicial matters within their , often comprising multiple villages or smaller towns. The tehsil system originated during colonial rule in , where it was established as part of the revenue administration framework under the and later formalized in acts like the land revenue codes that influenced post-independence structures across . In , tehsils form the basis for local councils under provincial laws, such as the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Act, integrating revenue and municipal functions for efficient administration. In South Korea, TK refers to the Daegu–Gyeongbuk region, an administrative and economic agglomeration combining Daegu Metropolitan City and North Gyeongsang Province (Gyeongsangbuk-do), which functions as a coordinated metropolitan area for planning, development, and resource allocation despite separate governance structures. This region, with a combined population exceeding 5 million as of 2024—approximately 2.40 million in Daegu and 2.58 million in Gyeongsangbuk-do—represents about 9.7% of South Korea's total populace and serves as a pivotal hub for manufacturing, IT convergence, and biomedical industries. The Daegu–Gyeongbuk Free Economic Zone, established in 2008, underscores its administrative integration by providing specialized incentives and infrastructure to attract foreign investment, positioning TK as a key driver of national GDP with strengths in automotive, electronics, and high-tech sectors.

Geographic codes and domains

Tokelau is a non-self-governing territory of located in the South Pacific Ocean, consisting of three atolls—, , and —with a total land area of approximately 12 square kilometers surrounded by extensive reefs that form its lagoons and ecosystems. The territory's was estimated at about 1,650 residents as of 2019, primarily Polynesian Tokelauans engaged in and . Tokelau holds a degree of through its General Fono () and Council for the Ongoing , though foreign affairs and defense remain under New Zealand's administration; it has pursued greater autonomy via referendums on free status in 2006 and 2007, which narrowly failed to meet the required two-thirds majority. Internationally, Tokelau is designated by the code , a two-letter identifier used in standards for country or territory representation in , , and geographic information systems. The (ccTLD) serves as 's internet identifier, assigned by the (IANA) and managed by the Telecommunication Tokelau Corporation (Teletok) since its delegation in 1997. In 2000, Teletok outsourced registry operations to the Dutch company Freenom (formerly Dot TK), which popularized .tk by offering free domain registrations to attract global users until January 2023, leading to millions of active domains despite Tokelau's small scale and limited local internet infrastructure. This model made .tk one of the most registered ccTLDs worldwide, with over 25 million domains reported at its peak in the early , though it has faced challenges including high rates of abuse for and , prompting restrictions and legal actions against Freenom in recent years.

Arts and media

Music

is a Peruvian band formed in 2001 in by Emilio Pérez de Armas and Edgar Guerra, drawing its name from the Aramaic phrase "Thalita Kumi" meaning "Arise and walk" from the . The band blends elements with Latin influences, contributing to the renewal of Peruvian rock in the 2000s alongside groups like . Their discography includes the debut album Trece (2002), which earned gold and silver certifications for sales in ; Tentando Imaginarios (2004), achieving gold and platinum status with the hit single "Buscama"; Núcleo (2007), later certified gold in 2013; and later releases such as Equidistante (2017) and Inminente conjunción (2020) following a in 2016. The band has remained active, performing live concerts as of 2025. received Latinoamérica for Best New Artist - Central in 2003 and Best Artist - Central in 2004, also contributing the track "La Juerga Pirata" to the soundtrack of the animated film Piratas en el Callao (2005), enhancing their visibility in the Latin American music scene. TK Records was an American founded in 1972 in , by music industry veteran Henry Stone and singer , with engineer Terry Kane inspiring the "TK" name. Specializing in and , it became central to the "Miami Sound," a sunny variant of the genre that dominated the 1970s charts. The label's key artists included , who delivered 15 charting singles and five number-one pop hits such as "" (1975) and "That's the Way (I Like It)" (1975); with the international smash "" (1974), which topped pop and R&B charts; and others like , , and , whose "" (1979) also reached number one. TK's output generated significant commercial impact, with multiple gold and platinum certifications, before filing for and closing in 1981 amid the market crash.

Television

In television, the initials "TK" have been prominently featured as character names in several scripted series, often embodying themes of resilience, personal struggle, and professional dedication in high-pressure environments. One of the most notable uses is TK Strand in the American procedural drama 9-1-1: Lone Star, which premiered on Fox on January 19, 2020, as a spin-off of the original 9-1-1 series. Portrayed by Ronen Rubinstein, Tyler Kennedy "TK" Strand is a central protagonist—a skilled paramedic and former firefighter originally from New York City—who relocates to Austin, Texas, alongside his father, Owen Strand (Rob Lowe), to lead the newly formed Station 126 firehouse. TK's narrative arc centers on his ongoing recovery from opioid addiction, stemming from a past overdose that nearly cost him his life, while navigating intense emergency calls and building meaningful relationships, including a significant romance with Austin police officer Carlos Reyes (Rafael L. Silva). This storyline has highlighted themes of mental health, sobriety, and LGBTQ+ representation within the first-responder genre, contributing to the show's cultural impact by portraying addiction recovery as an integral part of professional heroism; the series aired five seasons from 2020 to 2025. TK's development has been praised for its depth and Rubinstein's performance earning acclaim for authenticity. Another significant television portrayal is Te Koha "TK" Samuels in the soap opera , New Zealand's longest-running primetime serial, which has broadcast on since May 25, 1992. Introduced on February 23, 2006, and played by Benjamin Mitchell until the character's departure in 2023, TK is a compassionate doctor at the fictional Ferndale hospital, initially arriving as the cousin of established character . Over his 17-year run, spanning more than 1,800 episodes, TK's storyline evolved from youthful medical training and romantic entanglements to mature challenges like family dynamics, ethical dilemmas in patient care, and personal growth amid the soap's signature dramatic crises, including a 2011 poisoning plot and later involvement in hospital administration. His tenure underscored the show's focus on everyday life, healthcare issues, and Māori cultural elements—reflecting TK's full name's Te Koha meaning "the gift"—making him one of 's most enduring figures and a symbol of perseverance in serialized .

Games, literature, and other media

In the Driver: Parallel Lines, released in 2006 by Reflections Interactive, TK serves as the protagonist's alias for Terry "The Kid" Kidumms, an 18-year-old getaway driver entangled in criminal activities in a stylized . The narrative spans parallel timelines, with TK's 1978 storyline involving heists and betrayal leading to a 28-year , followed by a 2006 revenge arc in a changed urban landscape, where his driving skills and moral ambiguity drive the game's mechanics of high-speed chases and mission-based progression. Within the Star Wars franchise, originating with the 1977 film A New Hope and extending through its of novels, comics, and games, TK functions as the standard identification prefix for Imperial stormtroopers, such as TK-421, denoting their operating numbers in . In the , TK troopers represent the early generation of non-clone recruits who replaced aging in the Imperial Army, integrating into elite units under commanders like and emphasizing the Empire's shift to conscripted forces for galactic enforcement. The short story "Tk'tk'tk," authored by David D. Levine and first published in the March/April 2005 issue of , centers on a human trader navigating interstellar commerce with insectoid aliens whose language relies on rapid clicking sounds like "tk'tk'tk" for nuanced social cues. The narrative delves into themes of xenolinguistics and cultural misunderstanding, as the protagonist deciphers the aliens' hierarchical, pheromone-influenced communication to secure a deal, highlighting barriers in scenarios. The story earned the 2006 Hugo Award for Best , recognizing its innovative portrayal of . Tidens Krav (TK), a regional established in 1906 in , county, primarily covers local news, the fishing industry, cultural events, sports, and national politics affecting Nordmøre communities. Published twice weekly in print with daily online updates, it serves as a key source for regional developments, including economic reports on exports and community debates. As of the end of 2023, its circulation stood at 12,059 copies, reflecting its role in sustaining print media amid digital shifts.

Businesses

Retail and entertainment companies

TK Records was an founded in 1972 by music industry veteran Henry Stone and singer , headquartered in , near . The label specialized in , , and particularly music, becoming a cornerstone of the "Miami Sound" during the 1970s. It achieved commercial success with hits such as George McCrae's (1974), KC and the Sunshine Band's (1975), and Timmy Thomas's "Why Can't We Live Together" (1972), which topped charts and sold millions. TK Records operated through an extensive independent distribution network led by Stone's Tone Distribution, enabling nationwide reach without major backing and supporting over 50 subsidiary imprints. The label's funky tracks, characterized by infectious rhythms and horn sections, later influenced early production, with samples from KC and the Sunshine Band and other TK releases appearing in foundational rap songs by artists like Run-D.M.C. and . TK Productions, the parent company, faced financial challenges amid the backlash and filed for bankruptcy in 1981, effectively ending the label's active era by the mid-1980s. TK Maxx is a prominent off-price retail chain in , operating as the international brand variant of the American stores under , Inc. Launched in 1994 in the United Kingdom and to avoid confusion with a local television program called EuroMaxx, it has grown into a major player in discounted apparel and home goods. The chain specializes in brand-name fashion, accessories, footwear, and home furnishings at up to 60% below regular retail prices, sourcing opportunistic inventory from excess manufacturer stock and overstock. As of 2025, operated 655 stores across the UK, , , , , and the , with plans for further expansion including entry into in fiscal 2027. , encompassing and related formats in and , reported net sales of $7.181 billion USD (approximately €6.7 billion) for the ended February 1, 2025, driven by comparable store sales growth. In the UK alone, where holds the largest market share, revenues reached £4.03 billion (about €4.7 billion) for the year ended February 2024, reflecting increased and new store openings. The model's emphasis on treasure-hunt experiences has solidified 's position as 's leading retailer.

Industrial and service conglomerates

The is a prominent Bangladeshi established in 1972 by brothers Mohammed Abu Tayeb and Mohammad Abul Kalam, inspired by their father's entrepreneurial ventures in trading. Specializing in diverse industrial sectors, the group focuses on manufacturing vegetable oils and fats, steel galvanizing and cold rolling, , textiles, and paper production, among others, through more than 40 active business units. Its arm, T. K. Shipyard Limited, constructs various marine vessels including tankers, bulk carriers, and fishing boats at facilities in Munshiganj. The employs nearly 50,000 people across its operations and contributes significantly to Bangladesh's industrial output, with annual turnovers exceeding $1 billion as part of the country's growing billion-dollar business clubs.

Science and technology

Computing and software

is a cross-platform () designed to provide a library of basic elements for constructing user interfaces in applications. Developed by at the , it originated as an extension to the Tcl scripting language to facilitate rapid GUI development on the . The toolkit's core features became usable in late 1990, with an introducing paper presented at the 1991 Winter Conference, and its first public release distributed via the in early 1991. Tk's architecture leverages Tcl commands for creation, binding, and , allowing dynamic modifications to interfaces at runtime without requiring recompilation. This integration enables developers to build reusable s such as buttons, menus, and canvases, promoting modular application design. A primary use case is the Wish shell, an interactive Tcl interpreter extended with that serves as a windowing shell for prototyping and executing GUI scripts directly from the command line. has been extended to other programming languages, notably through , Python's standard interface to Tcl/, which has been included in the Python since version 1.0 in 1994 and supports cross-platform theming introduced in Tcl/ 8.5. Similarly, /Tk provides bindings for , enabling GUI development with widgets accessible via modules, as detailed in the official distribution.

Biology and medicine

(TK), classified under 2.7.1.21, is a that plays a critical role in the salvage pathway of . It catalyzes the ATP-dependent of to form thymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) , which is vital for and repair in proliferating cells. This enzymatic activity is particularly elevated in rapidly dividing cells, such as those in embryonic tissues or tumors, making TK a for . Human TK exists in two isoforms: TK1, which is cytosolic and cell cycle-regulated, and TK2, which is mitochondrial and involved in maintaining integrity. In medical applications, TK, especially from type 1 (HSV-1), has been pivotal in antiviral therapies due to its broader substrate specificity compared to human TK. Acyclovir, a analog used as the standard treatment for infections, requires initial by HSV-1 TK to its monophosphate form in infected cells; subsequent phosphorylations by host cellular kinases yield acyclovir triphosphate, which competitively inhibits and terminates chain elongation. This selective activation minimizes toxicity to uninfected cells lacking TK, enabling effective management of conditions like and herpes zoster. Mutations in the HSV TK gene can confer resistance to acyclovir by reducing substrate affinity, a challenge observed in immunocompromised patients with recurrent infections. TK's utility extends to cancer through the HSV-TK/GCV gene system, where the HSV-1 TK gene is delivered to tumor cells via viral or non-viral vectors, rendering them susceptible to (GCV). HSV-TK phosphorylates GCV to its monophosphate, which is further converted to the triphosphate form that incorporates into DNA, causing chain termination and ; this approach benefits from a , where phosphorylated GCV diffuses to neighboring non-transduced tumor cells. As of 2025, advancements include the use of tumor-specific promoters to drive HSV-TK expression for targeted gene therapy in , demonstrating improved efficacy and specificity in preclinical models via adenoviral delivery. For example, a 2023 demonstrated the use of mesenchymal s as carriers for HSV-TK/GCV delivery in a patient with multifocal , resulting in attenuated tumor progression in the treated region and extended survival. Ongoing clinical trials continue to investigate HSV-TK-based approaches, including combinations with stem cell delivery and radiation, for .

Other uses

Publishing and abbreviations

In publishing, , and , TK serves as a standard for "to come," functioning as a to indicate that specific material, such as text, images, or details, will be inserted later in manuscripts, galleys, proofs, or layouts. This mark allows editors and printers to proceed with production while reserving space for pending content, ensuring workflow efficiency in time-sensitive environments like newspapers and magazines. For instance, a draft might include "The event attracted TK attendees" to flag the need for an exact figure from a . The TK derives from the printer's "to kum," a deliberate misspelling of "to come" designed to make it visually distinct and reduce the chance of it blending into surrounding text during . This phonetic rendering, documented in reference works on s, originated as a trade expression among compositors and has persisted in editorial practices. Although the precise remains somewhat obscure, it is rooted in the conventions of early shops, where such markers facilitated communication in composing and stripping rooms. Historically, emerged in the early amid the rise of industrialized and , becoming a fixture in newsrooms and houses by the . It was particularly vital during the hot-metal type era, when galleys were physically assembled, and delays in sourcing information—such as quotes or statistics—were common. Copy editors would insert (often in uppercase for emphasis) to signal incomplete sections, preventing premature finalization of pages. Even as digital tools have transformed workflows, endures in drafting software and collaborative editing, though style guides like now recommend alternatives such as electronic comments or symbols (e.g., •••) for clarity in manuscripts.

Miscellaneous terms

In multiplayer video games, particularly first-person shooters, "TK" is an abbreviation for "team kill," referring to the act of intentionally or accidentally killing a teammate, often through friendly fire mechanics that allow allied players to damage one another. The term emerged in the 1990s alongside the rise of online multiplayer gaming, with early examples appearing in titles like Quake (1996), where players in team-based deathmatches could inadvertently or deliberately eliminate allies, disrupting cooperative play. In modern esports, such as League of Legends, while direct team killing is mechanically prevented by disabling friendly damage, related disruptive behaviors like intentional feeding (deliberately dying to benefit the enemy) are penalized under competitive rules to maintain fair play and sportsmanship. Takate kote, often abbreviated as , is a foundational Japanese bondage technique within the art of shibari and kinbaku, involving a box tie that restrains the torso and arms behind the back using intricate rope patterns for aesthetic and sensory purposes. This method traces its roots to , a martial rope-tying practice from the (1603–1868), originally used for capturing and immobilizing prisoners, which evolved into erotic kinbaku during the same era through influences like art depicting bound figures. In contemporary communities, takate kote is emphasized for its balance of restraint, safety, and visual harmony, often serving as a base for more complex suspensions while prioritizing risk-aware consensual practices. In military contexts, "" serves as a for "," denoting a heavily armored, tracked designed for frontline engagement and firepower support. This usage appears in various historical and operational documentation, including World War II-era records where TK variants refer to specific models like the , a light produced in the 1930s for support.

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