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Waleed


Al-Walid ibn ʿAbd al-Malik (c. 668 – 715), commonly known as , was the sixth caliph of the , reigning from October 705 until his death on 23 February 715 in . The eldest son of his predecessor ʿAbd al-Malik, al-Walid oversaw the apogee of Umayyad territorial expansion, with armies under his command conquering the , , Sind, and , thereby extending the from the Atlantic to the borders of India and . He is particularly noted for his patronage of monumental architecture, including the construction of the in , expansions to the in , and the in , which symbolized the consolidation of Islamic rule and Arab cultural dominance. Al-Walid also implemented early social welfare measures, providing stipends and support for the poor, disabled, and elderly among the Muslim population in , fostering loyalty and stability within the empire's core provinces.

Etymology

Origin and meaning

The name Waleed, commonly transliterated as Walid in (وليد), derives from the triconsonantal w-l-d (ولد), specifically the walada meaning "to give birth," "to beget," or "to bear." This etymological foundation yields a literal translation of "newborn" or "recently ," embodying symbolic associations with , , and the onset of life. Primarily a masculine , Waleed emerged within pre-Islamic Arabian linguistic traditions but gained enduring prominence in Muslim-majority societies after the 7th-century rise of , as nomenclature emphasized descriptive attributes tied to natural and existential concepts. Its usage reflects a cultural preference for names rooted in morphology, often selected to invoke positive attributes like without direct religious prescription. Prevalence statistics from aggregated global databases underscore its concentration in and the ; for instance, it ranks highly in and , with substantial incidence in and , comprising a notable share of male forenames in these demographics due to linguistic continuity and population patterns.

Variants and transliterations

The وليد is most commonly transliterated into as Waleed or Walid, with the former emphasizing a prolonged 'ee' sound to approximate the Arabic long vowel ī (وَلِيْدْ). Additional orthographic variants include Walead and Walyd, reflecting adaptations to local phonetic preferences in -speaking regions. The prefixed form Al-Waleed (الوليد) or Al-Walid incorporates the al-, denoting "the newborn," and appears in both given names and compound forms across historical and modern usage. In non-Arabic contexts, particularly among or French-influenced North African communities, the variant Oualid emerges, adapting the initial 'w' sound to while preserving the core . Transliteration challenges stem from the absence of a universal standard for , compounded by dialectal variations—such as shorter vowels in versus fuller diphthongs in Gulf dialects—which influence English renditions by native speakers. In Islamic communities in Europe and , anglicized simplifications occasionally shorten it to forms like Wally, though these remain informal and less prevalent in formal naming.

People

Historical figures

Al-Walīd ibn al-Mughīra (c. 550–622 CE) was a prominent leader of the Banu Makhzūm clan within the tribe in , known for his wealth and influence in pre-Islamic Arabian tribal politics. As an early opponent of 's message, he actively mocked the Quran's recitation and contributed to the 's coordinated resistance, which delayed Islam's penetration into key merchant and warrior clans like Banu Makhzūm. His stance exemplified the economic and social incentives—tied to polytheistic pilgrimage trade—that causally reinforced tribal alliances against monotheistic disruption, though he reportedly considered a temporary truce offer from before dying unconverted shortly before the in 630 CE. Al-Walīd ibn al-Walīd ibn al-Mughīra (d. after 632 CE), brother of the later commander Khālid ibn al-Walīd, was an early companion of from the same Banu Makhzūm lineage. Captured during a skirmish near around 615 CE, he was released without ransom as a to encourage conversions among families, leading to his eventual embrace of alongside relatives. Literate in prior to his conversion—a rarity that aided early Muslim administration—he participated in military expeditions post-Conquest of Mecca, bolstering the nascent community's operational capacity through tribal reconciliation and logistical support rather than high command. His shift from captivity to allegiance illustrates how targeted amnesties facilitated defections from opposing clans, strengthening 's coalition without reliance on coercion alone.

Rulers and conquerors

, full name al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik, served as the sixth Umayyad caliph from 705 to 715 CE, during which the caliphate achieved its maximum territorial extent through coordinated military campaigns. Under his direction, generals like initiated the conquest of starting in 711 CE, leading to the rapid subjugation of the and the establishment of as a Muslim province by 718 CE. Concurrently, advanced into , capturing cities such as in 709 CE and in 712 CE, while conquered in the between 711 and 712 CE, incorporating regions up to . These expansions relied on tactical innovations, including mobile forces and exploitation of internal divisions among adversaries, enabling the Umayyad armies to cover vast distances with minimal losses despite logistical challenges. Al-Walid's emphasized centralized to consolidate gains, funding like aqueducts and fortifications in newly acquired territories, though primary accounts from chroniclers such as note strains from heavy taxation to support ongoing campaigns. Succession disputes emerged toward the end of his reign, as his brother maneuvered to exclude Al-Walid's sons, reflecting underlying tensions over hereditary rule amid rapid growth. Al-Walid II, or al-Walid ibn Yazid, ruled briefly from 743 to 744 as the eleventh Umayyad caliph, inheriting a realm weakened by fiscal overextension and tribal revolts. His short tenure saw no major territorial conquests, with efforts focused on internal stabilization rather than expansion; historical records indicate he prioritized patronage of poetry and architecture over military ventures. Assassinated in 744 amid accusations of impiety and favoritism toward non-Arab mawali, his death precipitated further dynastic instability, underscoring the limits of personal rule without broad military backing.

Modern political and activist figures

(born August 7, 1949), a politician, succeeded his father Kamal as leader of the Progressive Socialist Party () in 1977 following the latter's assassination, guiding the party—a secular socialist entity with a base—through the (1975–1990), which claimed approximately 150,000 lives amid sectarian and ideological clashes. Under Jumblatt's command, the PSP militia allied with leftist and Palestinian factions in coalitions like the National Salvation Front, engaging in battles such as the 1983–1984 Mountain War in the Chouf Mountains, where forces defended sectarian territories against Christian militias, resulting in thousands of casualties and significant displacement. While these efforts preserved Druze autonomy and contributed to post-war power-sharing arrangements that mitigated immediate collapse, critics attribute to Jumblatt's militia actions the exacerbation of sectarian divisions, with alliances often prioritizing communal survival over national unity, as evidenced by fluctuating partnerships with Syrian forces and later oppositions that prolonged instability. Jumblatt's political trajectory reflects a shift from his father's ideological —rooted in and —to a more pragmatic , marked by tactical realignments such as initial support for anti-Israel resistance in the followed by endorsements of Western-backed governments in the and recent endorsements of anti-Hezbollah protests amid . This adaptability has positioned him as a "kingmaker" in Lebanese politics, influencing representation in cabinets and parliaments, yet it has drawn accusations of authoritarian control over the community through familial and remnants, with foreign influences like Syrian (1976–2005) shaping his decisions more than consistent . Achievements include brokering truces that averted full annihilation during peak , but outcomes reveal persistent vulnerabilities, as areas remain economically marginalized and exposed to spillover conflicts like the 2024 Israel-Hezbollah escalations. Waleed al-Husseini (born June 25, 1989), a Palestinian and ex-Muslim activist, gained prominence after his October 2010 arrest by the in the on charges of insulting religious sentiments and inciting strife through online posts questioning Islamic doctrines and laws. Detained for over ten months amid reported , al-Husseini fled to and then in 2012, where he founded the Council of Ex-Muslims of France to advocate for , rights, and separation of religion from state governance. His activism centers on personal testimony of Islamist 's enforcement via authoritarian proxies, criticizing complicity in and broader Arab regimes' suppression of dissent, as detailed in his writings exposing how prosecutions stifle rational inquiry and foster . Al-Husseini's efforts have amplified ex-Muslim voices in , contributing to debates on and free speech, with his council organizing events that highlight causal links between unreformed Islamic and against secularists, drawing from data on rising apostasy trials in Muslim-majority states. While praised for challenging taboos—evidenced by his survival of and threats—critics from Islamist perspectives accuse him of cultural betrayal, though his work underscores empirical outcomes like the flight of thousands of Arab atheists amid fatwas and arrests, prioritizing evidence-based reform over ideological conformity.

Business and economic leaders

Al-Waleed bin Talal Al Saud (born March 7, 1955) is a Saudi Arabian investor and founder of (KHC), a Riyadh-based conglomerate that manages diversified global investments in equities, , and . Established in with initial capital from personal and family loans amid Saudi oil wealth, KHC grew through strategic stakes in undervalued assets, leveraging Al-Waleed's connections for access to capital and opportunities unavailable to non-royals. By the early 1990s, Al-Waleed invested $590 million in during its post-recession crisis, acquiring a stake that yielded multibillion-dollar returns upon partial sales in the 2000s, demonstrating akin to Warren Buffett's approach but amplified by petrodollar liquidity. KHC's expanded to include significant holdings in technology firms such as Apple and (now X), as well as assets like Hotels and the project, contributing to Saudi efforts to diversify beyond oil dependency through non-state-linked returns. Al-Waleed's , primarily tied to his 95% ownership of KHC, peaked above $20 billion in the mid-2010s but fluctuated due to volatility and geopolitical events, standing at approximately $16.5 billion as of 2025 per estimates. Empirical returns from KHC's equity investments, such as gains from early tech positions, underscore success driven by timing and scale, though critics attribute much of the foundation to inherited privileges within the rather than purely meritocratic innovation. In Q2 2025, KHC reported profits of SAR 405 million ($108 million), down 35% year-over-year amid broader pressures, reflecting exposure to equities without subsidies. In November 2017, Al-Waleed was detained as part of a anti-corruption campaign led by Crown Prince , involving over 200 high-profile figures held at the Ritz-Carlton in ; authorities claimed recoveries exceeding $100 billion in assets, including an estimated $6.3 billion from Al-Waleed via settlements and asset forfeitures. He was released in January 2018 without formal charges, but the episode eroded investor confidence, contributing to a temporary dip in KHC's valuation and highlighting risks of state intervention in crony-capitalist systems where royal ties enable wealth but invite political reprisals. While officials framed the purge as combating graft enabled by oil-era opacity, analyses indicate it also served to consolidate power by neutralizing rivals, with coercive tactics like prolonged detention raising questions about over genuine reform. Al-Waleed's post-release resilience, including new stakes in entities like xAI, illustrates how entrenched economic positions in persist despite such disruptions, predicated on familial leverage rather than insulated entrepreneurship.

Media and entertainment personalities

Waleed Aly (born 15 August 1978) is an Australian television presenter, academic, , and prominent in media commentary on and . He co-hosted the Network 10 program The Project from 2013 until its format change in 2023, delivering nightly analysis on Australian and global events to audiences exceeding 500,000 viewers on average. Aly holds degrees in arts and law from the and lectures in at , specializing in the intersection of political theory and global terrorism. His media work earned a Walkley Award for journalism and the 2016 Gold Logie for Most Popular Personality on Australian Television, highlighting his role in elevating discussions on and Arab-Australian experiences. Aly's commentary often emphasizes contextualizing Islamist within broader socio-political factors rather than inherent religious , as in his post-2015 analysis asserting the events stemmed from geopolitical grievances more than Islamic . This approach has boosted visibility for moderate Muslim voices in but faced pushback for potentially diluting causal links to jihadist , with critics citing selective framing in episodes that prioritize systemic critiques over doctrinal scrutiny. His book People Like Us: How Arrogance Is Dividing and How to Fix It (2007, revised 2018) expands on these themes, drawing from empirical data on immigration to argue against assimilationist policies, though empirical studies on multiculturalism's outcomes, such as varying integration rates among groups, underscore ongoing debates about its long-term causal effects on social cohesion. Waleed Zuaiter (born 23 January 1971) is a Palestinian-American and recognized for roles bridging Arab and Western narratives in film and television. He co-produced and starred in Omar (2013), a depicting Palestinian life under that garnered an Academy Award nomination for Best Foreign Language Film and won the Muhr Arab Award for Best Feature at the . Zuaiter's performances include antagonistic figures like the terrorist in (2016) and more nuanced parts such as Amin al-Hafez in Netflix's The Spy (2019) and Samir Abboud in (2018), contributing to over 50 credits that challenge stereotypes through authentic portrayals informed by his Kuwaiti upbringing and U.S. education. In 2021, he received a BAFTA Television Award nomination for Best Leading Actor for his role as Muhsin al-Khafaji in Baghdad Central, a series exploring post-invasion based on historical events. Zuaiter founded FlipNarrative in 2020 to promote diverse , aiming to counter underrepresentation with projects rooted in verifiable regional histories rather than .

Sports and athletic figures

Waleed Bakshween is a Saudi Arabian professional footballer who serves as a defensive for Al-Wehda in the . Born on November 12, 1989, in , he stands 176 cm tall and weighs 63 kg, primarily using his right foot. He has represented the national team in 17 matches without scoring, contributing to defensive efforts in competitions. Bakshween joined Al-Wehda in 2018 and has accumulated experience across Saudi leagues, with career statistics including appearances in over 200 domestic matches by 2025. Waleed Suliman is an track and field athlete specializing in middle-distance events, competing professionally with the Brooks Beasts Track Club since turning pro in June 2021 after his time at the . His personal best in the mile stands at 3:55.60, achieved during his collegiate career, while he recorded a 1:48.13 in the 800 meters at the 2021 Outdoor Championships, placing fourth. Suliman won the mile event at the Half Marathon's track segment in September 2024, demonstrating sustained competitive performance post-college. Earlier, as a high school athlete, he earned All-American honors twice and won 10 state titles. Waleed Al Hasani is an Omani player known for his role as a raider, having competed in the with the during the 2017 season. Born on July 15, 1985, he participated in international events including the 2010 in , representing in beach . His professional stats in the league include raid points and tackles, though limited appearances highlight his role in promoting in Oman-based circuits.

Scholars and other professionals

Waleed Abdalati is an American glaciologist and remote sensing expert whose research employs satellite altimetry and imagery to measure mass balance in polar ice sheets, particularly Greenland's, informing empirical assessments of ice volume changes and their causal links to sea level variations. He directed the development of NASA's ICESat and ICESat-2 missions, which provided high-resolution elevation data for tracking glacier dynamics and cryospheric responses to climatic forcings, with applications in falsifiable models of ice discharge rates. Abdalati served as NASA's Chief Scientist from May 2011 to January 2013, overseeing science programs including Earth observation satellites, and previously headed cryospheric sciences at Goddard Space Flight Center from 2004 to 2008. His contributions include leading interdisciplinary studies funded by NASA, such as a $1.65 million project in 2010 on polar ice sheets and sea level rise, yielding peer-reviewed outputs on elevation-derived mass flux. Abdalati has earned the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers in 1999 and multiple NASA Group Achievement Awards for ICESat team efforts in 2003 and 2004. In medical diagnostics, Waleed Alsalem has advanced capabilities, overseeing laboratories that process 300,000 annual tests for metabolic disorders, enabling early detection and based on biochemical assays rather than speculative models. His professional leadership earned the Alumni Professional Achievement Award in 2019 from , recognizing scalable implementations of evidence-based screening protocols in resource-constrained settings. Waleed Hamanah, a computational nanotechnologist, develops simulations for material properties at atomic scales, with applications in and semiconductors, evidenced by his 2023 Best Paper Award from King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals for nanoscale modeling advancements.

Surname

Notable bearers

The Waleed, derived from the meaning "newborn" or "infant," is infrequently used as a in Arab and Muslim-majority societies, where patrilineal naming conventions typically prioritize tribal, geographic, or paternal identifiers over personal s unless tied to a prominent ancestor. In such systems, a like Waleed may evolve into a through generational repetition, particularly in regions where formal surnames were adopted under modern administrative influences, such as in during the 19th-20th centuries. Global distribution data indicate approximately 75,291 bearers of the Waleed, with over half concentrated in , predominantly (around 41,000 instances), followed by for density . This usage reflects localized family lineages rather than widespread adoption, often among professionals, merchants, or civil servants in urban centers like or , though specific achievements are typically documented at the individual rather than familial level without broader renown. No internationally prominent figures, such as political leaders, business magnates, or cultural icons, are verifiably recorded with Waleed as their primary , underscoring its niche status distinct from the name's prevalence as a forename.

Geographical locations

Settlements and regions

Al-Walid, also known as Al-Waleed, refers to a crossing point on the -Syria frontier in , , situated at approximately 33°26'04"N 38°55'14"E. This location serves as a strategic transit point, historically significant for cross-border trade and movements, particularly amid conflicts in the region. Adjacent to the crossing is Al-Waleed , which housed around 1,525 Palestinian and Iraqi as of the mid-2000s, though its population has fluctuated due to ongoing instability and relocations. Khiyam al-Walid was a small Palestinian village in the Safad District, located 25 km northeast of Safad at an elevation of 150 meters, with a pre-1948 population of 330 residents primarily engaged in . The village, situated on a hill near the , consisted of houses aligned along roads connecting to nearby settlements and was depopulated on May 1, 1948, during military operations in the region, with residents fleeing amid advancing forces. Post-depopulation, the site has not been resettled as a distinct community, reflecting broader patterns of displacement in the area during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Umm al-Walid is an and locality in , , approximately 14 km southeast of and south of , at coordinates around 31.6468°N 35.8998°E. Dating to the Umayyad period, it features a fortified palace complex and constructed around 712 AD (93 AH), indicative of early Islamic administrative and settlement activity in the region. The site spans a small hill with structures from Nabataean times through the Middle Islamic era, though contemporary use is limited to ruins requiring rehabilitation, with no recent census data on permanent inhabitants.

Transportation

Ships and other vehicles

The Walid is an wheeled armored personnel carrier developed in the mid-1960s for the Egyptian Army. It utilizes a licensed-production Magirus Deutz 4×4 truck chassis fitted with a locally manufactured armored , providing protection against fire and shell splinters. The vehicle measures approximately 6.12 meters in length, 2.57 meters in width, and 2.3 meters in height, with a combat weight of 9 to 12 tonnes depending on configuration. It accommodates a crew of 2 ( and ) plus up to 10 troops seated along bench-type accommodations in the rear compartment. Armament is limited to a single pintle-mounted 7.62 mm forward of the crew compartment, supplied with 1,000 rounds of ammunition. Propulsion is provided by a Deutz air-cooled delivering around 100 horsepower, enabling a top road speed of 80 km/h and operational range of approximately 500 km. Variants include open-top models for reconnaissance and patrol roles, as well as fully enclosed versions for enhanced protection; a later Walid-2 from employed a . Production occurred at the Arab Organization for Industrialization's Kader Factory in , with the design emphasizing simplicity, mobility, and low-cost local assembly over advanced features.

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